2014年版高考英语强调句型语法考点练习题目 6页

强调句型考点 ‎◆典型陷阱题分析◆‎ ‎1. ____ that caused him to serve dinner an hour later than usual.‎ A. It was we being late B. It was our being late C. It was we were too late D. It was because we were late ‎【陷阱】此题容易误选D，认为强调的是原因状语从句 because we were late。‎ ‎【分析】但实际上，此题的答案为B，强调的是句子主语 our being late，此题若还原成非强调句，即为：‎ Our being late caused him to serve dinner an hour later than usual.‎ 注意，强调句的一个显著特点是，若去掉强调结构 it is [was]… that…，句子仍然成立；换句话说，该结构中的 that 不能充当句子成分。‎ ‎2. “How was ______ they discovered the entrance to the underground palace?” “Totally by chance.”‎ A. it that B. he that C. it when D. he which ‎【陷阱】几个干扰项均可能误选。‎ ‎【分析】答案选A，为强调句的特殊疑问句形式，其相应的陈述句形式为：‎ It was totally by chance that they discovered the entrance to the underground palace. ‎ 比较以下各题，它们也属强调句的特殊疑问句形式：‎ ‎(1) Who was it _____ saved the drowning girl?‎ A. since B. as C. that D. he 答案选C，被强调成分为 who，该句实为类似 It was Tom that saved the drowning girl. 这类强调句的特殊疑问句形式（即对其中的Tom 提问而得）。‎ ‎(2) What is it _____ his daughter needs most?‎ A. what B. which C. that D. if 答案选C，被强调成分为 what，该句实为类似 It is a bike that his daughter needs most. 这类强调句的特殊疑问句形式（即对其中的a bike 提问而得）。‎ ‎3. _____ was very ______ that little Jim wrote the letter. ‎ A. It, careful B. It, carefully C. He, careful D. He, carefully ‎【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选，但最有可能误选的可能是A，认为这是一个普通的系表结构，即认为第二空要填形容词作表语。‎ ‎【分析】其实，此题是一个强调句，其非强调形式为 Little Jim wrote the letter very carefully. 若用 it is … that… 的强调句式强调其中的状语 very carefully 即为上面一题的题干，所以答案应选B。请看下面几例，也属强调结构：‎ ‎(1) It was when she was about to go to bed ______ the telephone rang.‎ A. since B. as C. that D. then ‎ 答案选C，被强调成分为 when she was about to go to bed 这一时间状语从句。‎ ‎(2) It may have been at Christmas _____ John gave Mary a handbag.‎ A. before B. who C. that D. when 答案选C，被强调成分为 at Christmas，其中的动词 be 采用了 may have been 这一较为复杂的形式。‎ ‎4. “Where did you find the professor who made the speech yesterday?” “It was in the hall ______ the students often have a meeting.”‎ A. where B. which C. that D. when ‎【陷阱】很可能误选C，认为这是一个强调句，强调地点状语 in the hall。‎ ‎【分析】假若选C，即有 It was in the hall that the students often have a meeting，该句的意思是“学生们通常是在大厅开会”，单独看这一句，无论是其意思还是其语法均未错，但若将其与上文联系起来看，则不通，因为上文的意思是“你是在哪儿找到昨天作报告的那位教授的?”假若将答句改为 It was in the hall that I found the professor，则完全可以。‎ 其实，此题的最佳答案是A，where the students often have a meeting 为定语从句，用以修饰其前的名词 the hall，句意为“是在学生们经常开会的那个大厅(找到教授的)”，这样语意就通顺了。‎ ‎5. It was what he meant rather than what he said ______ annoyed me. ‎ A. which B. as C. what D. that ‎【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选。‎ ‎【分析】此题为一个强调句型，空格处应填 that (即选D)，被强调成分为 what he meant rather than what he said。句意为“让我生气的不是他说的话，而是他话中的意思”。请再看两例：‎ ‎(1) It was his nervousness in the interview ______ probably lost him the job. ‎ A. which B. since C. that D. what ‎ 答案选C，为强调句型，被强调成分为 his nervousness in the interview，句意为“很可能是面试时表现出紧张，使他失去了这份工作”。‎ ‎(2) It is the ability to do the job ______ matters not where you come from or what you are.‎ A. one B. that C. what D. it 答案选B，为强调句型，被强调成分为 the ability to do the job，句意为“重要的是你做工作的能力，而不是你来自何地或你是从事什么工作的”。‎ ‎6. It was in the small house ______ was built with stones by his father ______ he spent his childhood.‎ A. which, that B. that, which C. which, which D. that, where ‎【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选，主要是分不清为强调句型，或即使分清为强调句型，也分不清强调哪一个成分。‎ ‎【分析】答案选A，第一空填 which，用以引导定语从句；第二空填that，为强调句的结构词，被强调部分为 in the small house (以及修饰它的定语从句 which was built with stones by his father)。此题难就难在强调句型中套用了定语从句。请再看类似例子：‎ ‎(1) It was the boy _____ had been in prison _____ stole the money.‎ A. who, where B. that, how C. who, that D. that, which 此题答案选C，全句为强调句，被强调成分是 the boy (以及修饰它的定语从句who had been in prison)。‎ ‎(2) It was just in the room _____ he was born _____ he died.‎ A. where, which B. that, that C. where, that D. which, that 此题答案选C，全句为强调句，被强调成分是 in this room，where he was born 为修饰 the room 的定语从句。 ‎ ‎7. Was it five o’clock ______the fire broke out?‎ A. when B. that C. which D. in which ‎【陷阱】容易误选B，误认为这是强调句。‎ ‎【分析】其实，此题应选A，这不是强调句。因为在强调句中，若去掉强调句的结构词 it is [was]…that…，句子结构仍然完整，但此句不是这样，若去掉结构词，即为 Five o’clock the fire broke out，句子不完整，但若在five o’clock前加上介词at则可以，因为 at five o’clock 用作时间状语。此题选A可分析为：it 表时间，when the fire broke out 为时间状语从句，全句意为“火灾是5点钟发生的吗?”比较下面一题（答案选B，为强调句）：‎ Was it at five o’clock ______the fire broke out?‎ A. when B. that C. which D. in which ‎8. “Was it under the tree _____ you were away talking to a friend?” “Sure. But when I got back there, the bike was gone.‎ A. that B. where C. which D. while ‎【陷阱】此题很容易误选A，认为这是强调句型。‎ ‎【分析】其实此题应选D。做好此题的关键是正确理解上下文的语境。在此句中，it 是代词，指代 the bike，句意为：“当你离开去同朋友谈话的时候，你的自行车是在这树下吗?”“当然，但当我回来时，自行车就不见了。”现在反过来分析一下，假若选A，将此句判为强调句，句子即为 Was it under the tree that you were away talking to a friend? 若进一步转换为非强调句，句子则为 Under the tree while you were talking to a friend，句意显然很荒唐。‎ ‎9. It’s more than half a century _____ my grandfather joined the Party and became a servant to the people.‎ A. when B. that C. since D. while ‎【陷阱】容易误选B，认为这是强调句型。‎ ‎【分析】假若选B，将此句分析为强调句，那么若将此句还原为非强调句就应该是My grandfather joined the Party and became a servant to the people more than half a century. 很显然, 句中的 more than half a century 是一段时间，然而它修饰的谓语动词 joined…became 却是两个终止性动词，这显然不合适。其实，此题应选C，属于“It is＋一段时间＋since 从句”句型，句意为“我爷爷加入党组织成为人民的公仆已有半个多世纪了”。此句的主句谓语也可以用现在完成时态(has been)，但在口语中多用一般现在时代替。‎ ‎10. It was lack of money, not of effort, _____ defeated their plan. ‎ A. which B. as C. that D. what ‎【陷阱】容易误选A，受空格前逗号的影响，误认为这是一个非限制性定语从句，从而误选了A。‎ ‎【分析】其实，此题最佳答案为C，整个句子为强调句，被强调成分为 lack of money, not of effort。由于句中插入 not of effort 这一结构，干扰了许多同学对 it was lack of money that defeated their plan 这一强调句的认识和理解。‎ ‎◆精编陷阱题训练◆‎ ‎1.—Who are making so much noise in the garden?‎ ‎—_______ the children.‎ A. It is B. They are C. That is D. There are ‎2. It is _______ he often fails in exams ______ makes his parents worried about him.‎ A. what; that B. that; what C. that; that D. / ; that ‎3. It is the protection for the trees _______ really matters, rather than how many trees are planted.‎ A. what B. that C. 不填 D. which ‎4. It is _____ my father worked _____ I work now.‎ A. where, that B. where, when C. that, where D. that, that ‎5. Was _____ that I saw last night at the concert?‎ A. it you B. not you C. you D. that you ‎ ‎6. It was ten o’clock _____ he came back home.‎ A. when B. that C. since D. after ‎7. It was not until he came back _____ he knew the police were looking for him. ‎ A. which B. since C. that D. before ‎【答案与解析】‎ ‎1. 选A。为强调句型 It is the children who are making so much noise 之省略。‎ ‎2. 选C。为强调句型，被强调成分为主语从句 that he often fails in exams。‎ ‎3. 选B。为强调句型，句意为“真正重要的在于保护树，而不在于种多少树”。‎ ‎4. 选A，整个句子为 it was … that … 格式的强调句式，即第二空要填that；第一空填where，where my father worked 为地点状语从句，为强调句的被强调部分。句意为“我现在我父亲曾经工作过的地方工作”。‎ ‎5. 选A，为强调句的一般疑问句形式，其相应陈述句为 It was you that I saw …。‎ ‎6. 选A。when 表示“当……的时候”，句首的 it 表示时间，全句意为“当他回到家时，时间是10点钟。”‎ ‎7. 选C。为 He didn’t know the police were looking for him until he came back 之强调形式。注意，not … until … 的强调句式通常为 It was not until … that … 的形式。‎