2015高考英语（unit 1 women of achievement）一轮复习题 6页

Unit 1　Women of achievement Ⅰ.语法单句填空 ‎1．Please refer________ vocabulary about Market & Price if you want to know better about the article.‎ 答案：to　考查动词短语。句意：如果你想更好地了解这篇文章，请查阅关于市场和价格的词汇表。refer to“参考；查阅”。‎ ‎2．In 1863, President Lincoln issued a declaration calling for the last Thursday of November ______(observe) as a day of Thanksgiving.‎ 答案：to be observed　考查非谓语动词。句意：在1863年，林肯总统签署了一个宣言，主张把每年十一月的最后一个星期四定为感恩节。the last Thursday of Novemeber与observe之间是被动关系，又因所表示的动作是将来时，所以用不定式的被动语态作宾补。‎ ‎3．He is such an unselfish man. You can't help but ________(respect) him.‎ 答案：respect　考查非谓语动词。句意：他是如此无私的人。你禁不住尊重他。can't help but do sth.“禁不住做某事”，与句意相符。‎ ‎4．When you stand on the top of the mountain and overlook the surrounding scenery, you'll find it is worth while ________ (climb) it up with effort.‎ 答案：to climb/climbing　句意：当你站在山顶并俯瞰周围美景时，你会觉得尽力攀上来是值得的。It is worthwhile to do/doing sth.“做……是值得的”。‎ ‎5．The boy is naughty, but he always ________ as long as an elder is present.‎ 答案：himself　句意：男孩很调皮，但是只要长辈在场，他总是很有礼貌。behave oneself意为“表现得体；有礼貌”，为习惯搭配，符合句意。‎ ‎6．The victory against the terrorists is a great ________(achieve) in the global fight against terrorism.‎ 答案：achievement　句意：反对恐怖主义的这场胜利是全球反恐的一大成就。achievement“成就”，符合句意。‎ ‎7．The number of foreign students attending Chinese universities ________(be) rising steadily.‎ 答案：is　考查时态和主谓一致。句意：留学中国的外国学生的数目在稳定上升。the number of...作主语时，谓语动词要用单数。‎ ‎8．The shop owner will get all these ordered TV sets ________(deliver) to the customers tomorrow.‎ 答案：delivered　句意：店主明天会让人把所有预订的电视机送到顾客手中。deliver此处意为“递送”，符合句意。‎ ‎9．Though the soldiers had been working for fifteen hours, they carried________ looking for the survivors in the ruins.‎ 答案：on　考查动词短语。句意：尽管战士们已经持续工作15个小时了，但他们仍继续寻找困在废墟中的幸存者。carry on“继续；坚持”，后接名词或动名词，符合题意。‎ ‎10．They argued ________ each other ________ the matter the whole afternoon, and at last reached an agreement.‎ 答案：with; about　句意：他们就那件事情彼此辩论了整个下午，最后终于达成了一致。argue with sb. about“就……与某人争论……”。‎ Ⅱ.阅读理解 ‎(2013·南昌市一模)‎ Scientists at Harvard University and Bates College find female chimpanzees (黑猩猩) appear to treat sticks as dolls, carrying them around until they have children of their own. Young males engage in such behavior much less frequently.‎ The new work by Sonya M. Kahlenberg and Richard W．Wrangham, described this week in the journal Current Biology, provides the first evidence of a wild nonhuman species playing with dolls, as well as the first known sex difference in a wild animal's choice of playthings.‎ The two researchers say their work adds to a growing body of evidence that human children are probably born with their own ideas of how they want to behave, rather than simply mirroring other girls who play with dolls and boys who play with trucks. Doll play among humans could have its origins in object—carrying by earlier apes (猿类), they say, suggesting that toy selection is probably not due entirely to socialization.‎ ‎“In humans, there are obvious sex differences in children's toy play, and these are remarkably similar across cultures，” says Kahlenberg. “While socialization by elders and peers has been the primary explanation, our work suggests that biology may also have an important role to play in activity preferences.”‎ In 14 years of data on chimpanzee behavior at the Kibale National Park in Uganda, Kahlenberg and Wrangham counted more than 100 examples of stickcarrying. Some young chimpanzees carried sticks into the nest to sleep with them and on one occasion built a separate nest for the stick.“We have seen juveniles occasionally carrying sticks for many years, and because they sometimes treated them rather like dolls, we wanted to know if in general this behavior tended to represent something like playing with dolls，” says Wrangham, a Professor at Harvard. “If the doll hypothesis (假设) was right, we thought that females should carry sticks more than males do, and that the chimpanzees should stop carrying sticks when they had their first child. We have now watched enough young chimpanzees to prove both points.”‎ 文章大意：本文是一篇科普文。研究发现，雌性黑猩猩会把棍子当作自己的玩偶，直到它们有了自己的孩子。‎ ‎1．What does a female chimpanzee do with sticks?‎ A．She gives them to her child to play with.‎ B．She treats them as weapons.‎ C．She treats them as dolls.‎ D．She makes useful tools from them.‎ 答案：C　细节理解题。根据第一段第一句“... female Chimpanzees (黑猩猩) appear to treat sticks as dolls...”可知，雌性黑猩猩会把棍子当作自己的玩偶。故选C项。‎ ‎2．What causes the different toy selection of chimpanzees, according to the passage?‎ A．Socialization.　　　　　　 B．Sex difference.‎ C．Environment. D．Cultural difference.‎ 答案：B　细节理解题。据第二段中的“as well as the first known sex difference...playthings.”可知，性别差异是导致黑猩猩玩具选择差异的主要原因。故选B项。‎ ‎3．We can infer from the fourth paragraph that ________.‎ A．socialization has nothing to do with human's choice of playthings B．the biology factor may also influence toy choice C．sex difference is the only factor in human's choice of playthings D．people choose different toys in different cultures 答案：B　推理判断题。根据第四段倒数第一句“our work suggests that biology may also have an important role in activity preferences.”可知，这两位科学家的研究表明：生物学因素也可能影响黑猩猩对玩具的偏好。A项与原文中的“While socialization by elders and peers has been the primary explanation”不符，排除；C项过于绝对；D项文中未涉及。故选B项。‎ ‎4．Wrangham probably believes that ________.‎ A．observing so many chimpanzees has been enough for them to make a conclusion B．the study proves human beings have evolved (进化) from chimpanzees C．all chimpanzees treat the sticks as dolls D．children playing with sticks are abnormal 答案：A　推理判断题。根据第五段最后一句“We have now watched enough young chimpanzees to prove both points.”可推断，A项正确。‎ ‎5．It can be concluded from the passage that ________.‎ A．chimpanzees usually choose playthings for their children B．different factors cause humans and chimpanzees to choose different playthings C．only female chimpanzees have playthings D．both humans and chimpanzees choose their playthings due to sex difference 答案：D　推理判断题。综合文章内容可知，无论是人类还是黑猩猩，性别是导致玩具选择差异的重要原因。故选D项。‎ Ⅲ.七选五 ‎(2013·石家庄一模)‎ People living in the flat can also have a garden because a balcony is never too small to add a garden.‎ Plan your garden to take advantage of the balcony exposure (朝向). __1__ Coolweather crops such as lettuce also do well with an eastern exposure that gets most of its direct sun in the morning, since leafy vegetables tend to go to seed rather than maturing if they're grown in a desert climate or with hot afternoon sun on them. A southern exposure permits almost anything.‎ ‎__2__ Root vegetables, such as long carrots and most potatoes, require soil depths that you really can't get in a containerbased garden.‎ Line up your containers according to size and list a crop for each container. __3__ For example, radishes or herbs grow nicely in a long flower box only a few inches deep. Bell peppers need more depth and plenty of horizontal space to spread out, so you place them in 5gallon containers.‎ ‎__4__ Read planting instructions or ask the nursery worker to determine how many plants you should start with in each container for each type of vegetable.‎ Let the starter plants sit for 24 hours in their nursery containers to allow them to recover from handling. __5__ Make holes in the potting soil and transplant your starter plants.‎ Now enjoy your balcony garden and wait for a good harvest.‎ A．But you'd better stay away from tall crops such as corn if you have limited ‎ space.‎ B．Write the container size in a notebook with the vegetable or herb.‎ C．During that time, fill your growing containers half to twothirds full of potting soil.‎ D．Take your notebook to the nursery.‎ E．Select a container that has a large opening.‎ F．An eastfacing balcony can grow flowers, herbs, and smaller vegetables.‎ G．Cut a hole in the bottom of the container.‎ 答案：1－5　FABDC Ⅳ.语法填空 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ M：Jane! Imagine__1__(see) you here.‎ W：Bob! Glad to see you too. I haven't seen you__2__ages.‎ M：You know, I've been hoping to get hold of you. Would you be able to come over this Friday? My sister just returned from a trip__3__Canada. She'll be staying with us for a few days. I thought you two might like to get to know each other since you two are both botanists.‎ W：Oh! I'd love to. But I can't. I have to go up to my younger brother's graduation on Friday right after work. It takes four hours__4__(get) to Seattle, you know.‎ M：Seattle? I thought you were from Portland.‎ W：No, I just lived there for a few years.‎ M：Well, it's really too bad you can't make__5__. When my sister was in Canada, she spent the whole time__6__(take) pictures of plants. I can't believe how good some of them are.‎ W：Is there any chance__7__you could ask her to stay around for a little bit__8__？ I'll be getting back early Sunday.‎ M：I doubt__9__we can get her to stay much longer. She is busy.‎ W：Well, if I can't get hold of her this time, maybe I'll have to wait till the next time she__10__(come) around.‎ 答案：‎ ‎1．seeing　2.for　3.to　4.to get　5.it　6.taking　7.that ‎8．longer　9.whether　10.comes Ⅴ.短文改错 ‎(2013·全国Ⅰ)‎ I hardly remember my grandmother. She used to holding me on her knees and sing old songs. I was only four when she passes away. She is just a distant memory for me now.‎ I remember my grandfather very much. He was tall, with broad shoulder and a beard that turned from black toward gray over the years. He had a deep voice, which set himself apart from others in our small town, he was strong and powerful. In a fact, he even scared my classmates away during they came over to play or do homework with me. However, he was the gentlest man I have never known.‎ 答案：‎ I hardly remember my grandmother. She used to me on her knees and sing old songs. I was only four when she away. She is just a distant memory for me now.‎ I remember my grandfather very . He was tall, with broad and a beard that turned from black gray over the years. He had a deep voice, which set apart from others in our small town, he was strong and powerful. In fact, he even scared my classmates away they came over to play or do homework with me. However, he was the gentlest man I have known.‎ Ⅵ.书面表达 ‎(2014·哈尔滨市三中一模) ‎ 下列图表反映的是某高中2010年与2013年学生健康 状况调查的部分数据，请你用英语为某报写一份报告，反映你校三年间学生健康状况的变化情况，分析其中原因，并提出一些改进措施。‎ 注意事项：1. 报告必须包括图表中所有内容，但不要逐条罗列；‎ ‎2. 词数120词左右。题目和开头第一句已给出，不计入总词数。‎ Health A recent survey shows that the health of the students in our school has been going from bad to worse in the past three years.‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ 答案：‎ Health A recent survey shows that the health of the students in our school has been going from bad to worse in the past three years. The number of short－sighted students has increased from 77% in 2010 to 93.5% in 2013, while that of overweight students from 38% to 57.2%. Nearly 15% more students don't have enough sleep because of more homework. Besides, over 21% more students become mentally unhealthy.‎ It seems to me that the reasons for this lie in heavier burden of study and more homework, thus making students unable to spare any time to take exercise or have enough sleep.To improve students' health, we call for less homework. Only in this way can students get plenty of sleep and be more healthy. Proper diets and exercise should also be paid attention to so that they won't easily put on weight. With their heavy burdens removed, students can then keep in normal mental health.‎