人教版必修三unit3高考复习 5页

Unit3 Book3‎ 基础梳理 Ⅰ.词汇与派生 ‎1.scene n.(戏剧)一场；现场；场面；景色→_____ the scene在现场 ‎2._______ vi.漫游；漫步；漂泊→wonder vi. & vt.想知道；不知道；迷惑 ‎3.permit vt. & vi.许可；允许；n.___________→permit sb. ______ sth.允许某人去做某事 ‎4.spot vt._________n.斑点；污点；地点→______the spot当场；在现场；在原地 ‎5.seek vt. & vi.(sought，sought)寻找；探索→seek (_____) sth./sb.寻找某物/人 ‎6.contrary n.反面，对立面；adj.相反的→_____the contrary与此相反，正相反 ‎7.manner n.礼貌；举止；方式→good/bad _______有/没礼貌 ‎8.________ adj.真的，非人造的；真诚的→artificial adj.人工的，人造的；假的 ‎9.bow vi. & n.鞠躬；弯腰→bow _____ sb./sth.向某人鞠躬；屈从于，屈服于……‎ ‎10.novel n.小说；长篇故事；adj.______→________ n.小说家 ‎11.adventure n.奇遇；冒险→_________ adj.爱冒险的；充满危险的 ‎12.fault n.过错；缺点；故障→________ adj.有错误的；有缺点的 ‎13.account vi. & vt.认为；说明；总共有；n.___________________→_________n.会计 ‎14.patience n.耐性；忍耐→__________ adj.有耐心的；n.病人 ‎15.unbelievable adj.难以置信的→____________ adj.可相信的，可信任的 ‎16.rude adj.粗鲁的，无礼的→_________ n.‎ 语境助记法 Believe it or not！From the passage we know the author of the novel liked wandering for adventures and also liked finding faults.That indeed accounted for his strange manners and impatience.‎ 学情自测 根据句意用所给词的适当形式填空 peimit, scenery, patient, spot, rude, manner, seek, believable, wander, fault ‎ ‎1.After many years，he was given __________ to look for gold in South America.‎ ‎2.The first ________of the opening ceremony is excellent.‎ ‎3.This work needs much _______.‎ ‎4.She ________ her friend in the crowd.‎ ‎5.It’s very ________ of her to leave without telling us.‎ ‎6.It is good ___________ to say goodbye when leaving.‎ ‎7.They__________in vain for somewhere to shelter.‎ ‎8. The plot is ___________, but the characters aren't very interesting.‎ ‎9.The child was found __________ the streets alone.‎ ‎10. I didn't sleep well that night, but it was my own___________. .‎ Ⅱ.短语与拓展 ‎1.bring ______抚养，培养；教育；提出→bring _______引起 ‎2.______accident/_______偶然，无意中；不小心→_______ purpose故意地 ‎3.account ______导致；做出解释→_______ account of因为，由于 ‎4._______ a chance冒险→take a ________冒险 ‎5.be known _____因……出名→be known ______作为……出名；被称作，被叫作→be known ______..为/被……熟知 ‎6.forget _____没关系，不必在意；别提它了；休想，不可能 ‎7.a large ________of/large amounts of大量的 ‎8.go _______前进；(用于祈使句)可以；往下说 学情自测 根据语境选择上面所给短语的适当形式填空 ‎1. Born into a family with three brothers，David was______________to value the sense of sharing.‎ ‎2.—May I start now?‎ ‎—Yes，________.‎ ‎3._____________money are spent on advertisements every year.‎ ‎4.She couldn’t _____________her absence from school.‎ ‎5.Science has ___________ many changes in our lives.‎ 高频考点 重点单词 ‎1.scene n.t地点；现场；事件；场面；情景；景象；景色 on the scene在现场；当场 behind the scenes在幕后；秘密地 appear/come on the scene出场；登场 ‎(1)Reporters were soon on the scene after the accident.‎ ‎(2)They rushed to the scene of the traffic accident.‎ ‎(3)He photographed a wide range of street scenes.‎ ‎(4)The film contains some violent scenes.‎ ‎2.permit v.允许；许可 permit sb. to do sth./permit doing sth.允许某人做某事/允许做某事 permit sb. sth.允许某人做某事 ask for permission请求许可 without permission未经许可 ‎(1)Passengers are permitted to carry only one piece of hand luggage onto the plane.‎ ‎(2)The rules of the club do not permit smoking.‎ ‎(3)The party will be held in the garden, weather_permitting.‎ ‎3.account n.账户(目)；说明；理由；报道；v.认为是；说明 ccount for说明(原因等)；做出解释；占……(比例) on account of由于，因为 on no account绝不(置于句首时，句子部分倒装) take account of/take...into account (＝take...into consideration)考虑……‎ ‎(1)I opened a bank account after I made $1,000 by doing a parttime job during the summer vacation. ‎ ‎(2)Her account of the events of that day was wildly different from the first witness's. ‎ ‎(3)His illness accounts_for his absence.‎ ‎(4)His exam results were not good, but we must take account of his long illness.‎ ‎(5)Afro-Americans account for 12% of the US population.‎ ‎4.sick adj.生病的；想呕吐；恶心； (对……)厌倦的 be/fall sick患病，生病 the sick病人 be sick of (doing) sth.厌恶(做)……‎ ‎(1)Simon made a big bamboo box to keep the little sick bird till it could fly.‎ ‎(2)You'll be sick if you eat any more of that chocolate! ‎ ‎(3)The thought of losing his child made him feel physically sick.‎ 对点自测 ‎ Ⅰ.语境填词 ‎1.He was ________ to talk to the prisoner.‎ ‎2.We are________of waiting around like this.‎ ‎3.__________________ should you tell him.‎ ‎4.A lot of negotiating(谈判) has been going on behind the ___________‎ Ⅱ.单项填空 ‎1.Seeing the happy________of children playing in the park, I’m full of joy and confidence in the future of our country.‎ A.sight B.scene C.view D.sign ‎2.“The snake might wake up. I’m sick_____this.” he said.‎ A.with B.from C.of D.for ‎3.Lack of money________her not continuing her studies.‎ A.accounts for B.cares for C.explains to D.approves of ‎4.The driver shall be fined if he drives without________.‎ A.permission B.time C.patience D.admittance 重点短语 ‎1.bring up养育，抚养；提出(话题)；呕吐；调出 bring forward提出(论点、问题等) bring about引起，导致(事故、变化等) bring back归还；带回；(事物)使记起 bring in吸引；引进；赚得 bring down使倒下；弄倒；降低 ‎(1) Can you bring up the list of candidates again? ‎ ‎(2)Why did you have to bring up the subject of money？ ‎ ‎(3)He was drunk and brought up what he had eaten at midnight.‎ ‎2.go ahead前进；着手；进行；(让路等)您先请，(电话等)您先说；(对别人请求的许可)行，去做吧，开始吧，……吧 ahead of在……前面；比……早；超过；领先 look ahead向前看；为未来着想或打算 get ahead出人头地，成功 ‎(1)—I probably shouldn’t have any more cake.‎ ‎—Oh, go ahead. It won’t kill you.‎ ‎(2)Ahead of us lies a river.‎ ‎(3)He is always ahead_of the rest of the class.‎ ‎3.on the contrary正相反；反之 contrary to...与……相反；违反，对抗 quite/just the contrary恰恰相反 to the contrary与此相反地(置于修饰语之后 ‎(1)You didn’t bother me. On the contrary，I like your company.‎ ‎(2)Contrary_to the doctor’s advice，he went swimming.‎ ‎4.as for关于；至于 as to关于，有关 as follows如下 as usual照例，照常 as is usual with...……和往常一样 as it is/was事实上；照现在/后来的样子 as with如同……一样；就像……一样 ‎(1)As for me，I learned swimming before five because of living close to Lake Ontario.‎ ‎(2)As_is_usual_with her，she bought the pair of shoes ‎ impulsively.‎ ‎(3)I wanted to go to Tokyo for vacation，but as it is，I’ll be lucky if I can go camping here.‎ ‎(4) Frank was very uncertain as to whether it was the right job for him. ‎ ‎(5)As with the other idiom，it indicates the meaning that people do anything bad...‎ ‎(6) The winners are as follows: in third place, Mandy Johnson; in second place ...‎ ‎5.Well，towards nightfall I found myself carried out to sea by a strong wind.‎ 句式提取：find＋oneself＋宾语补足语 ‎“find＋oneself＋宾语补足语”指不知不觉地发现自己处于某种情况中，多表示意料之外的情况，可用形容词、介词短语、现在分词及过去分词作宾补。‎ ‎(1)You’ll find taxis waiting at the bus station which you can hire to reach your host family. ‎ ‎(2)When day broke，the soldiers found themselves at the top of the mountain.‎ ‎6.You must come whenever you want and have whatever you like. Just having you sit here is a great honour！‎ 句式提取：whenever引导让步状语从句 此处whenever you want为让步状语从句，相当于no matter when you want。其他类似用法的 ‎(1)However(＝No_matter_how)_much it cost，he had to have the car repaired.‎ ‎(2)Whatever(＝No matter what) decisions he made，I would support him.‎ 对点自测 ‎ 单项填空 ‎1.—May I open the window to let in some fresh air?‎ ‎—________‎ A.Come on! B.Take care!‎ C.Go ahead! D.Hold on!‎ ‎2.________ wrong he is，his wife will always support him.‎ A.However B.Whenever C.Whatever D.Whichever ‎3.When he looked up，he suddenly found himself ________ by a group of teenagers，________ looked at him anxiously.‎ A.to be surrounded；which B.surrounded；who C.be surrounded；who D.having been surrounded；which ‎4.—Do you both agree with me about the arrangement of the meeting?‎ ‎—He quite agrees with you.________，I am not so satisfied with it.‎ A.As a result B.As follows C.As for me D.As usual ‎5.—The trip must have been terrible，wasn’t it?‎ ‎—No.________，I enjoyed every minute.‎ A.On the other hand B.At one time C.At the same time D.On the contrary ‎6.I’m all for families, and for children being________in a secure, loving environment.‎ A.picked up B.ended up C.brought up D.taken up ‎7.________ you prefer，I’ll give it to you，but we haven’t any other models for you to choose from.‎ A．Whatever B．Whenever C．However D．Whichever 语法复习-名词性从句（一）‎ ‎1．表语从句在复合句中作主句的表语。引导表语从句的连接词有：that ,whether, as if（仿佛）；连接代词有who, whose, what, which,连接副词有 when, where, how, why等。另外as, because，也可引导表语从句。表语从句位于连系动词后，有时用as if引导。其基本结构为：主语+系动词+从句。‎ 常见的表语从句的句型有 This is because…‎ The reason for …(why) is that…‎ He She looks as if …‎ The troubleproblem is that…‎ 例如:‎ The fact is that we have lost the game. ‎ His suggestion is that no one (should )be allowed to smoke in the office.‎ Her trouble is that she doesn’t know how to improve her teaching work.‎ That’s just what I want. ‎ This is where our problem lies. ‎ That is why he didn’t come to the meeting. ‎ It looks as if it is going to rain. ‎ 注意：当主语是reason 时，表语从句要用that 引导而不是because。例如：The reason why he was late was that he missed the train by one minute this morning.‎ ‎2．名词性从句用作宾语叫宾语从句。引导宾语从句的关联词在句中可以作谓语动词或介词及非谓语动词的宾语。‎ ‎(1)由连接词that引导的宾语从句 ‎ 由连接词that引导宾语从句时，that在句中不充当任何成分，在口语或非正式的文体中常被省去；但从句是并列句时，第二个分句前的that不可省。例如：‎ He has told me that he will go to Shanghai tomorrow. ‎ We must never think (that) we are good in every thing ‎ while others are good in nothing.‎ He said (that) he had eaten nothing but that he wasn’t hungry.‎ 注意：demand, order, suggest, decide, insist, desire ‎,request ,command等表示要求、命令、建议、决定等意义的动词后，宾语从句常用“（should）+动词原形”。例如：‎ The command ordered that troops (should) set off at once.‎ I insist that she (should) do her work alone. ‎ ‎(2)who, whom, which, whose, what, when, where, why, how, whoever, whatever, whichever等连词引导宾语从句时，应注意从句要用陈述语序。‎ She always thinks of how she can work well. ‎ I want to know what he has told you.‎ 注意：‎ ‎1.宾语从句是名词性从句中较为重要的一部分，在使用过程中我们应该引起注意。无论何种连词引导宾语从句，从句中必须使用陈述语序。例如：‎ I wonder who will win the English Speech Contest.‎ Could you please tell me how I can get to Silver‎ ‎Plaza?‎ ‎2. 从时态方面来说，宾语从句的时态一般与主句的时态保持一致，即主句是现在时，从句可用任何该用的时态；当主句为过去时时，从句也应用相应的过去时态，但表示客观真理的情况除外。例如：‎ I find that the Botanic Garden near our hotel is really beautiful.‎ I promised that I would help him when he was in trouble. ‎ ‎3.在believe, consider, feel, find, guess, think, understand 等动词接复合宾语(宾语＋宾补)时，要用it作形式宾语。在这种结构中that不可省略。例如： ‎ We find it difficult that we should finish the work on time. ‎ She thinks it wrong that he didn't answer the phone. ‎ ‎4. 不可直接接宾语从句的情况：‎ We are thinking of it that we'll lend you some money.。 ‎ I shall see to it that he is taken good care of when you are absent. ‎ I hate it when people talk with their mouths full. I like it that everyone passed the exam. ‎ He overlooked it that he had made another mistake. ‎ I dislike it when you whistle. ‎ We really appreciate it when she offered to help. ‎ I’d prefer it if I didn’t have to do so much work.‎ 语法知识达标 一、用适当的连接介词或连接副词填空 ‎1.      I did not know _________ or not he would quit the job and leave this city.‎ ‎2.      I don’t doubt __________ he will gave a hand when we need that.‎ ‎3.  We think it quite right ___________ all people are treated equal.‎ ‎4.  Do you think it necessary _________ he should do it again.‎ ‎5.  I didn’t understand __________ he said that to her.‎ ‎6.  They want to know _______they can do to help us.‎ ‎7.  My teacher was satisfied with _________ I did.‎ ‎8.   I am not sure __________he has finished the work or not now, but I was told _________he had half the work done last month.‎ ‎9.  He did not see the film last night. That is ______he had to help his little sister with her homework.‎ ‎10. He had seen the film before. That is ________ he did not see it last night ‎ ‎11. She has remained _______I stood yesterday for an hour. ‎ ‎12. His suggestion is ________ we should stay calm. ‎ 二、语法单项填空 ‎1. I’d like to start my own business–that’s ____ I’d do if I had the money. ‎ A. why B. when C. which D. what ‎2. After ____seemed a very long time, the badly wounded soldier came back to life.‎ A.     that B. which C. it D. what ‎3. It isn’t quite certain _____she will take the advice.‎ A.     that B. if C. whether D. which ‎4. He doubted _____it was true.‎ A. what B. that C. as if D. whether ‎5. I am afraid he’s more of a talker than a doer, which is ______ he never finishes anything.‎ ‎ A. that B. when C. where D. why ‎6. Our teachers always tell us to believe in ________ we do and who we are if we want to succeed. ‎ A. why B. how C. what D. which ‎7. Go and get your umbrella. It’s ________ you left it.‎ A.   there B. where ‎ C. there where D. where there ‎8. She asked me _____.‎ A.   if I knew her and the hospital where she worked B.   whether I knew her and the hospital she worked C.   that I knew her and the hospital she worked there D.   whether I knew her and where did she work ‎9. The reason ____farmers plant “cash crops” is ____ they want to pay off the debts..‎ A.  that; because B. why; because ‎ C. that; why D. why; that ‎10. The question is ______ the film is worth seeing.‎ A.     if B. what C. whether D. how