专题02 完形填空讲高考英语二轮复习Word版含解析 19页

www.ks5u.com ‎2017届高三二轮复习英语精品资料【讲案】‎ 专题2 完型填空 ‎【构建知识体系】‎ 完型填空 考点1猜测生词扫清阅读障碍 考点2分析句子结构破解长难句 考点3日积月累攻克固定搭配 考点4广泛阅读加深对西方文化的了解 考点5瞻前顾后揣摩语境 考点6抓住主题句明了文章主旨 ‎2014-2016年全国高考Ⅰ卷本专题考查分布明细统计 年份 名词 动词 动词短语 代词 形容词 副词 连词 文体 文章大意 ‎2014‎ ‎9‎ ‎4‎ ‎0‎ ‎0‎ ‎4‎ ‎3‎ ‎0‎ 议论文 各年龄段的人对重复做的事情最终感到烦恼 ‎2015‎ ‎7‎ ‎6‎ ‎0‎ ‎0‎ ‎2‎ ‎4‎ ‎1‎ 记叙文 作者周末带孩子去超市购物，为路上碰到的求助者买了许多所需要的东西 ‎2016‎ ‎4‎ ‎5‎ ‎3‎ ‎1‎ ‎3‎ ‎1‎ ‎3‎ 记叙文 讲述了司机Larry在路上遇到着火的汽车，积极救人的故事。‎ ‎2014-2016年全国高考Ⅱ卷本专题考查分布明细统计 年份 名词 动词 动词 短语 形容词 形容词短语 副词 连词 介词 短语 文体 文章大意 ‎2014‎ ‎3‎ ‎6‎ ‎2‎ ‎3‎ ‎5‎ ‎1‎ 记叙文 两个朋友成功登山后，在返回途中Joe不行摔断腿，进过一番救助挣扎后，Simon不得不割断绳子舍弃Joe，但三天后奇迹般地生还并回到营地。‎ ‎2015‎ ‎6‎ ‎6‎ ‎1‎ ‎2‎ ‎1‎ ‎3‎ ‎1‎ 夹叙夹议 通过观看女儿所在球队的比赛，作者意识到，学习固然重要，亲身经历和时间更重要，对人生更有意义。‎ ‎2016‎ ‎4‎ ‎5‎ ‎0‎ ‎7‎ ‎0‎ ‎2‎ ‎0‎ ‎2‎ 夹叙夹议 主要通过讲述作者和Rani开始时，只通过电话联系，觉得她是个冷漠的人。但是后来见面之后作者才发现Rani是一个热情的人。这说明有的时候，电话给人留下的印象并不一定是准确的。‎ ‎2016年全国高考III卷本专题考查分布明细统计 年份 名词 动词 代词 动词 短语 形容词 形容词短语 副词 连词 介词 短语 文体 文章大意 ‎2016‎ ‎6‎ ‎5‎ ‎1‎ ‎1‎ ‎5‎ ‎0‎ ‎1和一个混搭和形容词 ‎1‎ ‎0‎ 夹叙夹议 文章描述了“我”‎ 十三岁时的梦想是成为校足球队明星，后来校足球队一名种子选手意外失去一只手臂，“我”因此实现了梦想后的复杂心情。‎ ‎【考纲解读】‎ 考试大纲 要求 考纲解读 在一篇约250词的短文中留出20个空白，要求考生从每题的给的4个选项中选出最佳选项，使补足的短文意思通顺、前后连贯、结构完整。‎ 既考查考生的英语基础知识，又考查考生综合运用语言的能力，‎ 主要测验学生的语言综合运用能力，包括词语辨析能力、语法结构分析能力、语篇理解能力、逻辑推理能力、文化背景透析能力、作者意图剖析能力和生活常识综合运用能力。该题型分值高（30分，占整个卷面总分的45%）、区分度强，是考生最容易“拉开距离”的一项测试。‎ ‎【剖析全国高考真题】——预测高考命题方向 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A, B, C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ A Heroic Driver Larry works with Transport Drivers, Inc. One morning in 2009, Larry was 41 along I65 north after delivering to one of his 42 . Suddenly, he saw a car with its bright lights on. 43 he got closer, he found 44 vehicle upside down on the road. One more look and he noticed 45 shooting out from under the 46 vehicle. Larry pulled over, set the brake and 47 the fire extinguisher (灭火器). Two good bursts from the extinguisher and the fire was put out.‎ The man who had his bright lights on 48 and told Larry he had 49 an emergency call. They 50 heard a woman’s voice coming from the wrecked (毁坏的) vehicle. 51 the vehicle, they saw that a woman was trying to get out of the broken window. They told her to stay 52 until the emergency personnel arrived, 53 she thought the car was going to 54 . Larry told her that he had already put out the fire and she should not move 55 she injured her neck.‎ Once fire and emergency people arrived, Larry and the other man 56 and let ‎ them go to work. Then, Larry asked the 57 if he was needed or 58 to go. They let him and the other man go.‎ One thing is 59 —Larry went above and beyond the call of duty by getting so close to the burning vehicle! His 60 most likely saved the woman’s life.‎ ‎41. A. walking B. touring C. traveling D. rushing ‎42. A. passengers B. colleagues C. employers D. customers ‎43. A. Since B. Although C. As D. If ‎44. A. each B. another C. that D. his ‎45. A. flames B. smoke C. water D. steam ‎46. A. used B. disabled C. removed D. abandoned ‎47. A. got hold of B. prepared C. took charge of D. controlled ‎48. A. came down B. came through C. came in D. came over ‎49. A. returned B. received C. made D. confirmed ‎50. A. then B. again C. finally D. even ‎51. A. Starting B. Parking C. Passing D. Approaching ‎52. A. quiet B. still C. away D. calm ‎53. A. for B. so C. and D. but ‎54. A. explode B. slip away C. fall apart D. crash（动词和动词短语混搭）注意变化 ‎55. A. as if B. unless C. in case D. after ‎56. A. stepped forward B. backed off C. moved on D. set out ‎57. A. woman B. police C. man D. driver ‎58. A. forbidden B. ready C. asked D. free（动词和形容词混搭）注意变化 ‎59. A. for certain B. for consideration C. reported D. checked（动词和短语混搭）注意变化 ‎60. A. patience B. skills C. efforts D. promise ‎【文章大意】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了司机Larry在路上遇到着火的汽车，积极救人的故事。‎ ‎41．C　walk 走路；tour旅行；travel旅游，行进；rush 冲。根据下文中“Larry pulled ‎ over…”可知他沿着公路行驶。故选C。‎ ‎42．D　passenger乘客；colleague同事；employer雇主；customer顾客，客户。根据首句“Larry works with Transport Drivers，Inc.”可知他是送货司机，再根据空前的after delivering可推断他应该是在给客户送完货后在回去的路上。故选D。‎ ‎43．C　根据语境判断当他走近的时候，他又发现了另一辆汽车。as意为“当……时候”。故选C。‎ ‎44．B　根据前句“Suddenly, he saw a car with its bright lights on.”可知当时有一辆开着灯的汽车，由此判断他又发现另一辆损毁的汽车。故选B。‎ ‎45．A　flame火苗；smoke烟；water水；steam蒸汽。根据第一段末句“…the fire was put out.”可知当时汽车是着火了。故选A。‎ ‎46．B　根据第二段中的a woman's voice coming from the wrecked(毁坏的) vehicle可知，汽车被毁坏了。used使用过的；disabled 报废的；removed被移除的；abandoned被遗弃的。故选B。‎ ‎47．A　get hold of拿起；prepare准备；take charge of负责；control控制。根据后句可知他下车拿起灭火器灭火。故选A。‎ ‎48．D　come down下来；come through 经历；come in进来；come over 走过来。那个司机走了过来和Larry说话。故选D。‎ ‎49．C　return 归还；receive a call 接到电话；make a call 打电话；confirm确认。根据下文可知这个司机打了报警电话。 故选C。‎ ‎50．A　then那时；again再次；finally终于；even甚至。根据语境判断，那时他们听到在车内有人发出声音。故选A。‎ ‎51．D　start开始；park停车；pass通过；approach走近。根据上文可知汽车着火了，情况很危险，由此推断Larry他们离汽车很远，故他们走近了才看到车内的那位女士。‎ ‎52．B　quiet 安静的；still不动的；away远离的；calm沉着的。根据本段末句“…she should not move…”可知，Larry让这名女士不要动。故选 B。‎ ‎53．D　根据后句可以推断这位受困的女士想从汽车里出来，而Larry不让她动，怕她伤到脖子，这两句话之间是转折关系。故选D。‎ ‎54．A　根据后句内容判断这位女士害怕汽车会爆炸。explode爆炸；slip away溜走；fall apart 散架，崩溃；crash坠毁，摔碎。故选A 。‎ ‎55．C　根据上下文可知Larry害怕她的脖子会受伤，前后句之间是假设关系。in ‎ case以免。故选C。‎ ‎56．B　step forward走上前去；back off后退；move on继续；set out出发。根据后句内容可以推断他们为了不妨碍警察救人，都退到后面。故选B。‎ ‎57．B　woman妇女；police警察；man男人；driver司机。根据上文“Once fire and emergency people arrived…”可知是救援的警察赶到了现场。Larry问警察是否需要他帮忙，他是否可以走了。故选B。‎ ‎58．D　forbidden被禁止的；ready准备好的；asked被要求的；free自由的。根据后句可知警察让他们离开了，由此判断Larry问警察他是否可以走开。‎ ‎59．A　for certain无疑地， 确定地；for consideration 以供参考；report报道；check核实。有一件事是毫无疑问的，那就是Larry超越职责来给燃烧的汽车灭火。正是Larry的努力挽救了那位女士的性命。故选A。‎ ‎60．C　从上文可知Larry的努力挽救了这位女士的性命。patience耐心；skill技能；effort努力；promise承诺。故选C。‎ 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A, B, C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ Hundreds of people have formed impressions of you through that little device(装置) on your desk. And they’ve never actually 41 you. Everything they know about you 42 through this device, sometimes from hundreds of miles away. 43 they feel they can know you 44 from the sound of your voice. That’s how powerful the 45 is. ‎ Powerful, yes, but not always 46 . For years I dealt with my travel agent only by phone. Rani, my faceless agent whom I’d never met 47 , got me rock-bottom prices on airfares, cars, and hotels. But her cold voice really 48 me. I sometimes wished to 49 another agent.‎ One morning, I had to 50 an immediate flight home for a family emergency. I ran into Rani’s office 51 . The woman sitting at the desk, 52 my madness, sympathetically jumped up. She gave me a 53 smile, nodded while listening patiently, and then printed out the 54 immediately. “What a wonderful lady!” I thought.‎ Rushing out 55 I called out over my shoulder, “By the way, what’s your ‎ name?” “I’m Rani,” she said. I turned around and saw a 56 woman with a big smile on her face waving to wish me a safe trip. I was 57 ! Why had I thought she was cold? Rani was, well, so 58 .‎ Sitting back in the car on the way to the airport, I figured it all out. Rani’s 59 ― her warm smile, her nods, her ‘I’m here for you’ 60 ― were all silent signals that didn’t travel through wires.‎ ‎41. A. accepted B. noticed C. heard D. met ‎42. A. came B. moved C. ran D. developed ‎43. A. Thus B. Yet C. Then D. Indeed ‎44. A. rather B. also C. just D. already ‎45. A. telephone B. voice C. connection D. impression ‎46. A. direct B. useful C. easy D. accurate ‎47. A. in person B. by myself C. in public D. on purpose ‎48. A. annoyed B. interested C. discouraged D. confused ‎49. A. promote B. train C. find D. know ‎50. A. arrange B. postpone C. confirm D. book ‎51. A. for the first time B. at any time C. from time to time D. in good time ‎52. A. expecting B. seeing C. testing D. avoiding ‎53. A. shy B. comforting C. familiar D. forced ‎54. A. bill B. form C. ticket D. list ‎55. A. hopefully B. disappointedly C. gratefully D. regretfully ‎56. A. careful B. serious C. nervous D. pleasant ‎57. A. amused B. worried C. helpless D. speechless ‎58. A. calm B. nice C. proud D. clever ‎59. A. forgiveness B. eagerness C. friendliness D. skillfulness ‎60. A. explanation B. attitude C. concept D. Behavior ‎42．A　根据空格前面的“Everything they know about you…”和后面的through this device可知，他们对你的了解来自这个装置。‎ ‎43．B　根据上下文的意思“虽然你们之间的距离很远，但是他们只要通过你的声音，就可以了解你”可知，这里是转折的关系，因此答案为B。‎ ‎44．C　别人只要通过声音就可以了解你。此处使用just表示强调。rather相当地；also也；just只是；already已经。‎ ‎45．A　根据下文的only by phone以及第一段中的信息可知，此处指电话。‎ ‎46．D　结合文章倒数第二段的“Why had I thought she was cold？”可知，作者通过讲述这个故事，说明了有的时候电话联系不太准确。direct直接的；useful有用的；easy容易的；accurate正确无误的。‎ ‎47．A　in person亲自；by myself靠自己；in public当众；on purpose故意地。A项与空前的faceless形成呼应，Rani是代理人，但是“我”从来没有与Rani碰过面。‎ ‎48．A　结合前面的her cold voice“她冰冷的声音”可知Rani的声音让作者感到恼怒，甚至想过要换一个代理人，这说明“我”对她的声音很反感。‎ ‎49．C　与前面的annoyed呼应，由于这个代理人的声音让作者感到恼怒，所以作者想换一个代理人。因此与find 的意义一致。‎ ‎50．D　结合空格后面的“…an immediate flight home for a family emergency.”可知，因为家庭中的紧急情况，所以作者需要预订一个航班。‎ ‎51．A　因为情况紧急，所以作者第一次来到了Rani的办公室。‎ ‎52．B　结合空格前面的“The woman sitting at the desk…”和后面的“…my madness, sympathetically jumped up.”可知，坐在桌子旁边的那位女士，看见“我”的慌张，立即站了起来。‎ ‎53．B　结合后面的“…nodded while listening patiently…”可知这位女士对待作者的态度非常友好，因此B项符合语境。shy害羞的；comforting安慰的；familiar熟悉的；forced被迫的。‎ ‎56．D　根据空格后面的“…woman with a big smile on her face waving to wish me a safe trip.”中的big smile可知，Rani富有同情心，待人热情大方，是一个令人愉快的相处对象。careful细心的；serious严肃的，认真的；nervous紧张的；pleasant令人愉快的。‎ ‎ 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ When I was 13 my only purpose was to become the star on our football team. That meant 41 Miller King, who was the best 42 at our school.‎ Football season started in September and all summer long I worked out. I carried my football everywhere for 43 .‎ Just before September, Miller was struck by a car and lost his right arm. I went ‎ to see him after he came back from 44 . He looked very 45 , but he didn’t cry.‎ That season, I 46 all of Miller’s records while he 47 the home games from the bench. We went 10-1 and I was named most valuable player, 48 I often had crazy dreams in which I was to blame for Miller’s 49 .‎ One afternoon, I was crossing the field to go home and saw Miller 50 going over a fence—which wasn’t 51 to climb if you had both arms. I’m sure I was the last person in the world he wanted to accept 52 from. But even that challenge he accepted. I 53 him move slowly over the fence. When we were finally 54 on the other side, he said to me, “You know, I didn’t tell you this during the season, but you did 55 . Thank you for filling in for 56 .” ‎ His words freed me from my bad 57 . I thought to myself, how even without an arm he was more of a leader. Damaged but not defeated, he was 58 ahead of me. I was right to have 59 him. From that day on，I grew 60 and a little more real.‎ ‎41. A. cheering for B. beating out C. relying on D. staying with ‎42. A. coach B. student C. teacher D. player ‎43. A. practice B. show C. comfort D. pleasure ‎44. A. school B. vacation C. hospital D. training ‎45. A. pale B. calm C. relaxed D. ashamed ‎46. A. held B. broke C. set D. tried ‎47. A. reported B. judged C. organized D. watched ‎48. A. and B. then C. but D. thus ‎49. A. decision B. mistake C. accident D. sacrifice ‎50. A. stuck B. hurt C. tired D. lost ‎51. A. steady B. hard C. fun D. fit ‎52. A. praise B. advice C. assistance D. apology ‎53. A. let B. helped C. had D. noticed ‎54. A. dropped B. ready C. trapped D. safe ‎55. A. fine B. wrong C. quickly D. normally ‎56. A. us B. yourself C. me D. them ‎57. A. memories B. ideas C. attitudes D. dreams ‎58. A. still B. also C. yet D. just ‎59. A. challenged B. cured C. invited D. admired ‎60. A. healthier B. bigger C. cleverer D. cooler ‎【文章大意】 这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章描述了“我”十三岁时的梦想是成为校足球队明星，后来校足球队一名种子选手意外失去一只手臂，“我”因此实现了梦想后的复杂心情。‎ ‎41. B　“我”唯一的目标是要成为头号种子选手，言外之意就是要战胜或者击败现在的最优秀的选手Miller King。beat out sb意为“打败某人”。‎ ‎42. D　由后文内容可知Miller King是学校足球队最棒的队员。“我”要想成为学校足球队的明星，就必须要战胜学校里最优秀的足球队员。‎ ‎43. A　由上文“…all summer long I worked out.”可知为了实现梦想，“我”随身带着足球随时 “练习”， 故选practice。‎ ‎44. C　由上文可知，就在九月份比赛开始之前，Miller被车撞了，失去了右臂，因此“我”是在Miller从医院(hospital)回来之后去看望他的。‎ ‎45. A　 病人刚出院时面色是苍白的(pale)。‎ ‎46. B　“我”打破了Miller所保持的全部纪录。break a record意为“打破纪录”。‎ ‎47. D　由语境可知此时Miller是坐在凳子上看“我”比赛。故选watch。‎ ‎48. C　“我”虽然被命名为最有价值的队员，可是“我”常常做噩梦。由句子间的逻辑关系可知，此处是转折关系。‎ ‎49. C　梦中“我”常常因Miller的事故受到责备。此处表明“我”虽然成为校足球队的明星，可是“我”心里并不好过。如果不是Miller因意外车祸丧失了右臂，也许“我”不会有今天的成功。‎ ‎50. A　一天下午“我”在经过运动场回家时，看到Miller在翻越栅栏时被困住了。由下文“如果你有两只手臂翻越栅栏不会有困难”可知，只有一只手臂的Miller此时遇到了困难。stick意为“卡住；困住；动不了”，符合语境。故选A项。‎ ‎55. A　由“…I was named most valuable player…”可知，Miller夸“我”这个赛季表现得好。do fine意为“做得不错”。‎ ‎56. C　 Miller本来就是学校足球队的最优秀选手，只是因为车祸而与足球失之交臂，他感谢“我”为他完成了他没有完成的心愿。这里是直接引语，故用me。‎ ‎57. D　由“…I often had crazy dreams…”可知“我”经常做噩梦，现在他的话使“我”在精神上得以解脱。‎ ‎58. A　虽然伤残了但没有被残疾打败，他依然远远地超越“我”。 用still符合语境。‎ ‎59. D　“我”对Miller这位校足球队最优秀的选手一直是崇拜的。所以这里表达的意思是：“我”钦佩他是对的。故选D项。‎ ‎60. B　通过一连串的经历“我”更加成熟，内心更加强大，即“长大了”，而不是变得“更健康”“更聪明”或“更冷酷”。故选bigger。‎ ‎【高考预测】‎ 纵观近几年全国高考试题，预测2017年全国高考试题还会 ‎①文章基本控制在4－5段，200－250个词，且趋于稳定。‎ ‎②文体以记叙文、夹叙夹议、议论文为主，话题多样，但均贴近生活。对于记叙文，要按照记叙文的6要素理顺所叙事情的脉络，还要重视其背后的情感线索。‎ ‎③文章结构大致相同，都是以“总－分”或“总－分－总”结构为主，第一段是主旨段，提出话题，之后的几个段落展开说明或深入议论。每个段落内部也同样基本采取“总－分”或“总－分－总”结构，段落开头点明该段的大意，然后再展开详细阐述，必要时再做一简单总结。‎ ‎【精讲研法】——课堂讲解突破核心考点　‎ 考点一 猜测生词扫清阅读障碍 ‎【例1】We all know that some things are obviously right. For example，it is right to be __1__ to other people.It is also right to look after the environment. Some things are __2__ wrong，too. For instance，we should not hurt or bully others，nor should we litter. Rules often tell us what is right or wrong. ‎ ‎1．A.kind B.sensitive C.fair D.generous ‎2．A.equally B.slightly C.clearly D.increasingly ‎【答案】1.A　2.C ‎ 规律方法1： 如何猜测生词扫清阅读障碍？‎ 在完形填空中遇到生词是常见的现象，但这却影响了考生对文章的理解判断，并无形中增加了考生的心理压力，对正常发挥不利。一般说来，完形中的生词不会出现在选项中。对于那些不影响文章理解的生词，我们不必去深究，通过上下文了解其大概意义即可，有时可以忽略；而对于比较重要的和解题有关的生词，要注意构词法、上下句语义、语法逻辑或根据中心思想推敲句子间的逻辑等来把握词义。‎ ‎【变式精练】When we completed the "SEVEN"-hour trip to Toronto later that day, the reunion was absolutely 46 and I can sincerely say I enjoyed every single minute of that 47 journey. （吉林省东北师范大学附属中学2016届高三上学期第三次模拟考试）‎ ‎46. A. hard B. wonderful C. timely D. surprising ‎ ‎47. A. frequent B. final C. tough D. long ‎ ‎【答案】46. B 47. D ‎【解析】‎ 考点二 分析句子结构破解长难句 ‎【例2】__41__ I’d left myself plenty of time，soon it was __42__ I was going to be late，as I had mistakenly boarded a bus that was taking me in the __43__direction. ‎ ‎41．A. Although B．Since C．Unless D．Once ‎42．A.strange B．necessary C．obvious D．important ‎43．A.same B．right C．general D．opposite ‎【答案】41. A　42. C　43. D 规律方法2：如何分析句子结构破解长难句?‎ ‎1．找出谓语动词 找到了谓语动词，就说明有句子存在。有时态的动词通常是谓语。然后，顺着谓语动词往前找，如果有引导词存在，说明这个谓语动词所在的句子就是个从句，再根据引导词前的单词判定该从句的类型。如果没有引导词存在，那说明这是主句的谓语动词，那它的前面就是主语，后面就应该是宾语或表语。‎ ‎2．寻找并列连词 常见的并列连词有and，but，yet，or，so，for，not only...but also...看到这些单词，一般就有并列结构存在，并且很可能存在着省略问题。‎ ‎3．寻找引导词 找到引导词就找到了从句，再根据引导词前的单词确定其是什么从句。‎ ‎4．寻找名词 一般的长句子中，名词后只要不是谓语动词，一般都有修饰限定成分，即定语或同位语。也就是说，我们只要能寻找到名词，其后的句子成分就确定是修饰或解释前面的名词的。‎ ‎【变式精练】More lives would have been __50___had it not been for a group of brave young men who urged the crowd to __51___.‎ ‎（吉林省东北师范大学附属中学净月校区2016届高三上学期第二次模拟）‎ ‎50. A. complained B. removed C. lost D. passed ‎51. A. run away B. stand up C. put away D. calm down 【答案】50. C 51. D ‎【解析】原题所在句子含有省略if的虚拟语气（had it not been= if it had not been）和who引导的定语从句（修饰前面的先行词a group of brave young men）‎ ‎50.C考查动词。A. complained抱怨；B. removed移动； C. lost丢失；D. passed通过。句意：要不是一群勇敢的年轻人指挥人们保持镇静，还会有更多的人失去生命。此处指失去生命，故选C.‎ ‎51.D考查动词短语。A. run away跑走；B. stand up站立；C. put away放好；D. calm down镇静。句意：要不是一群勇敢的年轻人指挥人们保持镇静，还会有更多的人失去生命。根据句意选D.‎ 考点三 日积月累攻克固定搭配 ‎【例3】At that time my family lived a stone’s__40__from Ismail’s.And no one was bothered that Ismail was a Malay Muslim and I was an Indian Hindu—we just__41__(accepted) our differences. ‎ ‎40．A.drop B．throw C．move D．roll ‎【答案】40.B ‎ ‎【解析】“那时我家距离Ismail的家只有一步之遥”。a stone’s throw是固定短语，意为“一步之遥，近在咫尺”。‎ 规律方法3：如何日积月累攻克固定搭配？‎ 这类题与语法结构题有点类似，但主要侧重惯用搭配，讲究词与词的搭配，涉及到关联词、动词、副词、形容词、名词和短语等。我们需要熟练掌握《考试大纲》中所列举的短语、习语的本义和引申义，并尽可能多地积累这方面的知识，以提高自己的知识水平和应试能力，培养根据语境准确使用短语和习语的能力。所以，平时要多积累固定搭配是解决此类题的有效方法。‎ ‎【变式精练】When we got to the car, I turned to my father and said, “Dad, I want to 38 people feel like that.”（ 宁夏回族自治区银川一中2016届高三上学期第五次月考）‎ ‎38．A．get B．hope C．make D．cheer ‎【答案】38. C ‎【解析】‎ 考点四 广泛阅读加深对西方文化的了解 ‎【例4】Northern Europeans usually do not like having __43__ contact(接触) even with friends，certainly not with __44__.People from Latin American countries，__45_(on_the_other_hand)，touch each other quite a lot.Therefore，it’s possible that in __46__(conversation)，it may look like a Latino is __47__ a Norwegian all over the room. ‎ ‎43．A．eye B．verbal C．bodily D．telephone ‎44．A．strangers B．relatives C．neighbours D．enemies ‎47．A．disturbing B．helping C．guiding D．following ‎【答案】43.C　44.A　47.D ‎【解析】做这三个题就需要对西方文化有一定的了解，还要注意和东方文化的差别。第43题所在句子句意为：北欧人通常不喜欢身体的接触，即使是朋友，当然更不用说陌生人。此处eye“眼睛，眼神”；verbal言辞的；bodily身体的；telephone电话。C符合题意。第44空用strangers“陌生人”。在对话过程中，拉丁人跟在挪威人后满屋子转是可能的。第47空follow意为：跟着……走。‎ 规律方法4：如何广泛阅读加深对西方文化的了解？‎ 跨文化思考意识是中学英语《新课程标准》中要求的基本准则之一。因此考生在备考过程中，应该有意识地利用有关资料，了解一些有关中西方文化差异的知识来完善自己的知识系统。完形填空题中有时就渗透着相关的，如科学、历史、文化、风俗民情等方面的知识。如果考生掌握了丰富的文化背景知识和生活常识，就具备了一定的判断能力，可以大大简化复杂的分析过程和判断过程。这就要求考生平时既要多体验生活，又要扩大阅读面，增强自己这方面的知识储备，避免常识性错误。同时，还要注意中西方文化的差异，避免出现汉语式表达或理解。‎ ‎【变式精练】You have to push the door with the word “PUSH” to go out of the building and to pull the door with the word “PULL” to __24 (enter) the building.This was new to me，because we use the__25__door in South Korea. ‎ ‎25．A.main B．same C．front D．back ‎【答案】25．B 考点五 瞻前顾后揣摩语境 ‎【例5】But the phone didn’t work，and when he tried to go down the outdoor stairway，he was __26__ by a wall of flames.Sibson realized he was trapped(困住)．‎ Sibson’s house was three kilometers __27__ the main road and was so well hidden by trees that he knew calling for help would be __28__. (2012·四川)‎ ‎26．A.burned B．stopped C．shocked D．covered ‎27．A.beside B．off C．across D．along ‎28．A. limited B．false C．fruitless D．regretful ‎【答案】26.B　27.B　28.C ‎【解析】　当他正想通过那个室外楼梯出去的时候，却被一堵火墙给拦住(stopped)了，所以第26空选B项。根据前面“three kilometers”及后文“so well hidden by ‎ trees”可知他的房子应该是离开主干道有3公里。故第27题应用介词off。由于离开主干道3公里且被树遮蔽，因此呼救是没有结果的(fruitless)，故28题选C项。第27题是较为直接的语境题，考生只要认真阅读文章，做到“瞻前顾后”，就可以迅速得出答案。‎ 规律方法5：如何瞻前顾后揣摩语境？‎ 利用语境选词旨在考查考生在语境中熟练运用所学语言的实践技能。完形填空的每一个空白的设置并不是随心所欲的，命题人主要通过上下文暗示出某种信息来保证答案的正确性和唯一性，因此考生应该通过上下文的暗示获取解题信息，因此做完形填空题时一定要“瞻前顾后，前引后联”，充分利用文章所有可能提供的信息解题。在做题时考生还可以利用褒贬性语境及一些语言结构来判定正确答案。任何完形填空文章的语境都具有一定的褒贬性，它反映了作者或主人公特定的情绪状态，并支撑着文意的发展，因此利用褒贬性语境的情感性可以巧妙进行完形填空信息推断。所以考生要在读懂原文、掌握大意的基础上，选语气与文章一致的选项。‎ ‎【变式精练】Then 9 over, Paderewski reached down with his left hand and began filling in a bass part. Soon his right arm reached around to the other side of the child and he added a running obbligato (伴奏).（广东省佛山一中2015届高三上学期期中测试）‎ ‎9. A. turning B. bending C. rising D. handing ‎【答案】9．B　‎ 考点六 抓住主题句明了文章主旨 ‎【例6】Attitudes towards our connectedness as a society __54__ across generations. Some find today’s technology a gift. Others consider it a curse. Regardless of anyone’s view on the subject，it’s hard to imagine what life would be like __55__ daily advancements in technology ‎ ‎54．A. vary B．arise C．spread D．exist ‎55．A. beyond B．within C．despite D．without ‎【答案】54.A　55.D ‎【解析】2012年江苏卷完形填空的文章大意是：在现代社会中，由于数码技术的发展，我们独处的概念几乎不复存在。尽管人们对现代技术的发展持有不同的看法，但是随着技术的进步，我们的生活会完全不同，让我们尽情的享受生活。根据文章主旨和下文，说到人们对现在的技术的态度可知，态度在不同时代有所变化，故第54题答案为A项。第55题根据上下文可知该句的句意为：如果没有每日的技术进步，难以想象生活会是什么样。根据本句宾语从句中所用的虚拟语气可知，应选without，意为“没有”。‎ 规律方法6：如何抓住主题句明了文章主旨？‎ 完形填空旨在考查考生在特定的语境中对文章内容的理解以及对作者意图的把握能力。命题人通过一定的语言环境来考查考生是否具备准确识别或理解作者的写作意图或态度的实践运用能力，是否具有能够通过上下文暗示出的某种信息来保证答案的正确性和唯一性的推断能力。一般情况下，抓住主题句，就能抓住文章的主旨。主题句一般在文章开头或结尾。在开头有总领全文，提纲契领，指明下文方向的作用；在文章结尾有总结全文、点明中心的作用。因此，分析好文章的开头和结尾有助于准确地概括文章的中心思想。找主题句时还要留意文章中的标志性的词语，如but，however，while，also，in a word，in short，on the contrary等。这些标志性的词语可以暗示文章的主题句，对把握文章主旨有着重要的作用。‎ ‎【变式精练】I first met Jennie in the 26 waiting room and we had talked several times．‎ The last day 1 was at the hospital，I saw Jennie in the distance as I got on the lift． ‎ ‎ (甘肃省天水市第一中学2016届高三上学期期中考试)‎ ‎26．A．railway B．school C．hospital D．airport ‎【答案】26．C ‎ ‎