2019高考英语人教一轮预热自练巩固题必修2U2及答案 7页

‎2019高考英语（人教）一轮预热自练巩固题必修2U2及答案 ‎***阅读理解 The Amazon basin region is home to about 2.5 million insect species，tens of thousands of plants，and some 2 000 birds and mammals.To date，at least 40 000 plant species,3 000 fish,1 294 birds,427 mammals,428 amphibians，and 378 reptiles have been scientifically classified in the region.One in five of all the birds in the world live in the rainforests of the Amazon.‎ The warm wet forests have been in existence for 55 million years，and thrived even during glacial periods，allowing for the evolution of an unbelievable diversity of species.Radiocarbon dating(放射性碳年代测定)has revealed trees of 10 centimeter diameter to be more than 300 years old，and some trees over 1 000 years old，indicating that untouched forests can experience unbelievable longevity.‎ The first human inhabitants are thought to have settled in the Amazon region about 11 200 years ago.European explorers arrived in the 16th century，bringing diseases which traveled faster than the explorers themselves，killing perhaps as many as 90% of the indigenous inhabitants(土著居民)．By the late 17th century the Amazon basin was controlled by Portuguese and Spanish explorers.‎ The Amazon rainforest has been described as the lungs of our planet because of its important role in recycling carbon dioxide into oxygen.But due to deforestation(采伐森林)，rainforests now cover less than 5% of the Earth's land surface，and experts believe that this is a big contributor to global climate change.Severe deforestation began in the 20th century，with 587 000 square kilometers lost up to the year 2019.Most deforested land is used for grassland to raise farm animals and agriculture.The addition of transport routes has led to increased settlement and deforestation，and at the present rate，scientists estimate that the Amazon rainforest will be reduced by 40% in two decades.‎ ‎1．Why are the figures mentioned in Paragraph 1?‎ A．To prove the forest untouched.‎ B．To classify species scientifically.‎ C．To show the diversity of species.‎ D．To attract more attention to Amazon.‎ ‎2．Why did most indigenous inhabitants in the Amazon region die?‎ A．European explorers brought diseases there.‎ B．Portuguese explorers treated them badly.‎ C．A lot of trees were cut down and burned.‎ D．They got killed by Spanish explorers.‎ ‎3．What can be inferred about the Amazon rainforest?‎ A．It has the largest number of species.‎ B．It covers over 5% of South America.‎ C．It is becoming larger in area.‎ D．It is being endangered now.‎ ‎4．What may be included in the following paragraph?‎ A．Examples of destroying forests.‎ B．Measures to protect rainforests.‎ C．New settlements in Amazon.‎ D．Ways to stop global warming.‎ ‎【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了亚马逊热带雨林正面临消失的危险。‎ ‎1．C　目的意图题。通读全文可知，第一段提到昆虫、植物和动物等物种的数量，是为了表明亚马逊热带雨林物种的多样性。故答案选C。‎ ‎2．A　细节理解题。European explorers arrived in the 16th century, bringing diseases which traveled faster than the explorers themselves，killing perhaps as many as 90% of the indigenous inhabitants(土著居民)．(第三段第二句)‎ 译文：十六世纪，欧洲探险家来到这里，带来了疾病，这些疾病的传播速度比探险家前行的脚步还要快，大约使多达90%的土著居民死亡。‎ 根据关键句可知，欧洲探险家把疾病带到亚马逊地区，导致大多数土著居民死亡。故答案选A。‎ ‎3．D　推理判断题。The addition of transport routes has led to increased settlement and deforestation，and at the present rate，scientists estimate that the Amazon rain forest will be reduced by 40% in two decades.(最后一段最后一句)‎ 译文：运输路线的增加导致了定居点和滥伐森林的增加，根据目前的速度，科学家估计亚马逊热带雨林在二十年内将减少40%。‎ 根据关键句可推知，亚马逊热带雨林正面临消失的危险。故答案选D。‎ ‎4．B　推理判断题。最后一段主要介绍了由于滥伐森林，亚马逊热带雨林覆盖率在下降，正面临消失的危险；由此可推知，文章接下来应是针对这种情况介绍如何保护亚马逊热带雨林。故答案选B。‎ 亮点句积累：The addition of transport routes has led to increased settlement and deforestation，and at the present rate，scientists estimate that the Amazon rain forest will be reduced by 40% in two decades.(最后一段最后一句)‎ 译文：运输路线的增加导致了定居点和滥伐森林的增加，根据目前的速度，科学家估计亚马逊热带雨林在二十年内将减少40%。‎ ‎***语法填空 Do you make friends __1__(easy)? Do a wallsit test and you'll find out.‎ Researchers at the University of Oxford did __2__study with 101 participants aged between 18 and 34. Participants first __3__(fill) out questionnaires about their social lives, and they were then asked __4__ (press) against a wall with their __5__(knee) at right angles (直角) for as long as they could, __6__can be really painful.‎ The results showed that the longer the participants held the position, the bigger __7__(they) outer network—or distant friends they contacted once or twice a month—was. That was__8__the brain's painkilling system is associated__9__both pain tolerance and social bonding, which means that the more active this system is, the __10__(good) you are at both.‎ ‎1．________ 　2.________ 　3.________ 　4.________ 　5.________ 　6.________ 　7.________ 　8.________ 　9.________ 　10.________ ‎ 篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项和交友有关的调查，具体方法如下：身体贴墙，膝盖弯曲成直角，根据保持这个姿势的时间长短可以推断出你的社交能力。‎ ‎1．easily　考查词性转换。此处修饰动词短语make friends，所以要用副词，故填easily。‎ ‎2．a　考查冠词。句意：牛津大学的研究者们做了一项调查，该调查由18岁到34岁之间的101个人参加。study “调查”，是可数名词，此处泛指“一项调查”，所以用不定冠词a。‎ ‎3．filled　考查动词的时态。句意：参与者首先填写了关于他们的社交生活的问卷，然后他们被要求尽可能长时间地身体贴墙，膝盖弯曲成直角，这可能很痛苦。分析句子结构可知，该空应填谓语动词，而且是描述过去的事情，所以用一般过去时，故填filled。‎ ‎4．to press　考查非谓语动词。ask sb. to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“要求某人做某事”，此处是其被动结构形式be asked to do sth.。故填to press。‎ ‎5．knees　考查名词的复数。knee “膝盖”，是可数名词，其前有their修饰，所以要用复数形式，故填knees。‎ ‎6．which　考查定语从句的引导词。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，引导词指代整个主句的内容，并且在从句中作主语，故填which。‎ ‎7．their　考查代词。该空代替的是participants，而且后面有名词network，所以要用复数形式的形容词性物主代词，故填their。‎ ‎8．because　考查表语从句的连接词。句意：这是因为大脑的镇痛系统与疼痛的耐受性和社会关系都有关，这意味着这个系统越活跃，你在这两个方面表现得越好。此处表原因，故填because。‎ ‎9．with　考查介词。be associated with为固定搭配，意为“与……有联系”，故填with。‎ ‎10．better　考查形容词的比较级。“the＋比较级，the＋比较级”为常用句式，意为“越……，越……”，故填better。‎ ‎***完形填空。‎ 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可能填入空白处的最佳选项。‎ ‎(2019·湖北省七市(州)教科研协作体高三联合考试)‎ ‎ I have written a poem called Flying Kites，in which a man __1__ his son to fly a kite.After a few minutes，the child __2__ drops the string and lets the kite soar(高飞)．With joy in his eyes，he watches it climb until it disappears __3__.The father realizes that __4__ he'll have to loosen the tie that binds(绑)him to his son.And he __5__ ，“Will I release the string as unselfishly as that？”‎ Many years later my son，Gary，__6__ he wouldn't finish his college career.I tried to talk him out of it.But none of my reasoning made any __7__.At the end of the semester Gary moved back home.‎ Gary managed to find a__8__ at a nursery and went at it with usual enthusiasm.I，__9__ ，was deeply disappointed.What was a college professor's __10__ doing at a job that any high school dropout could perform？Then I tried to __11__ him.“Look，”I said，“in a few years you'll be at your high school reunion with__12__ classmates who became doctors，lawyers，and engineers.Do you think you'll be able to__13__ that？”‎ ‎“Yes，Dad，”he replied without __14__.Then he fixed his eyes on mine and said，“But the real question is：Can you？”‎ Shame suddenly __15__ me.I wasn't thinking about my son；I was thinking about myself and what my friends would think.The problem wasn't Gary's pride；it was mine.All at once I remembered my __16__ and the question it asks“Will I release the __17__ as unselfishly as that？”At that moment I knew I had to let go.Gary was __18__ enough to make his own choices.‎ Today Gary has a successful career working for the city.I am very __19__ of who he has become.__20__ I let go of my pride，I've been able to sit back and enjoy watching him soar.‎ ‎1．A.orders B．instructs C．advises D．allows ‎2．A.suddenly B．actually C．properly D．sadly ‎3．A.in a row B．in a way C．in no time D．in the distance ‎4．A.abruptly B．eventually C．absolutely D．apparently ‎5．A.responds B．guesses C．wonders D．hesitates ‎6．A.believed B．explained C．regretted D．announced ‎7．A.progress B．decision C．effort D．difference ‎8．A.ball B．job C．kite D．toy ‎9．A.therefore B．besides C．however D．otherwise ‎10．A.daughter B．nephew C．son D．cousin ‎11．A.support B．accept C．control D．persuade ‎12．A.honest B．ordinary C．latter D．former ‎13．A.prevent B．forget C．handle D．admit ‎14．A.hesitation B．commitment C．permission D．comment ‎15．A.deserted B．silenced C．ignored D．angered ‎16．A.essay B．article C．poem D．passage ‎17．A.secret B．string C．dog D．news ‎18．A.old B．honest C．lucky D．cute ‎19．A.guilty B．tired C．afraid D．proud ‎20．A.Since B．When C．Although D．Unless ‎【解题导语】本文主要讲述了作者应对儿子大学辍学这一情况的故事。‎ ‎【核心词汇】release v．释放，放开　semester n．学期　enthusiasm n．热情　reunion n．团聚 ‎1．B　根据语境可推知，一个男人在教儿子放风筝。instruct“教授”。故选B。‎ ‎2．A　根据下文可知，诗篇中的儿子突然(suddenly)把线松开，让风筝高飞。‎ ‎3．D　与语境“disappears”呼应可推知，风筝消失在远方(in the distance)。‎ ‎4．B　这个男人意识到最终(eventually)他必须对儿子放手。‎ ‎5．C　结合语境可推知，诗篇中的父亲有疑问，想知道自己将来会不会无私地“松开线”。wonder“想知道”。‎ ‎6．D　根据语境可推知，作者的儿子宣布他将不会完成大学学业。‎ ‎7．D　根据下文的“At the end of the semester Gary moved back home”可知，作者的劝说毫无作用。make a difference意为“有作用”。‎ ‎8．B　根据下文的“What was a college professor's __10__ doing at a job”可知，作者的儿子找到了一份工作。‎ ‎9．C　根据上文的“with usual enthusiasm”和下文的“was deeply disappointed”可知，上下文表示逻辑上的转折关系。‎ ‎10．C　根据上下文可知，Gary和作者是父子关系。‎ ‎11．D　根据作者下文所说的话和上文的“reasoning”可知，作者想劝说儿子放弃那份工作，因为作者感到很失望。persuade“劝说”。‎ ‎12．D　根据“reunion”可知，此处是和以前的高中同学团聚。former “以前的”。‎ ‎13．C　根据语境可知，作者认为儿子的工作一个高中辍学者都可以做，而他的同学们则成了医生、律师和工程师，作者问儿子能否应对这种情况。handle“应付，处理”。‎ ‎14．A　作者的儿子很坚定地回答，没有丝毫犹豫，与语境“Yes，Dad，”呼应。‎ ‎15．B　根据上文可知，儿子的话让作者沉默了。‎ ‎16．C　根据上文的“I have written a poem called Flying Kites”可知，作者想起了自己写的那首诗。‎ ‎17．B　根据上文的“Will I release the string as unselfishly us that”可知，此处表示要放开风筝上的线。‎ ‎18．A　根据空后的“make his own choices”可推知，儿子已经长大，可以自己做决定了。‎ ‎19．D　根据上文的“Today Gary has a successful career working for the city”可推知，父亲看到儿子的成功，自然是为之自豪。‎ ‎20．A　根据语境可知，此处表示逻辑上的因果关系。since“因为，既然”。‎ ‎***短文改错。‎ Dear Lisa，‎ I'm glad to receive your letter asked about the present holiday life of Chinese students. Learning together with entertainment still take up most of our time. Besides, we often help our parents with the housework or farm work, that makes us realize how hard we work every day and develop a great love for work. Meanwhile, we take active part in social activities, such as voluntary work. We went out to the streets to collect rubbishes or to the hospitals to cheer up the sick children. We try our best to help those who are in need or make our hometown a lot of more ‎ beautiful. We find greatly pleasure in these activities.‎ Yours，‎ Li Ming 答案：‎ Dear Lisa，‎ I'm glad to receive your letter about the present holiday life of Chinese students. Learning together with entertainment still up most of our time. Besides, we often help our parents with the housework or farm work, makes us realize how hard work every day and develop a great love for work. Meanwhile, we take active part in social activities, such as voluntary work. We out to the streets to collect or to the hospitals to cheer up the sick children. We try our best to help those who are in need make our hometown a lot more beautiful. We find pleasure in these activities.‎ Yours，‎ Li Ming 难项分析：‎ 第二处：take→takes　此处together with后的名词不影响谓语动词的数，句子的主语是learning，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，故改为takes。‎ 第七处：rubbishes→rubbish　rubbish表示“垃圾”，是不可数名词，没有复数形式，故改为rubbish。‎ 第九处：去掉of　此处指使我们的家乡变得更加美丽。根据句中的“more”可知，此处修饰比较级，表示程度，故应用a lot。a lot of表示“许多”，修饰名词。‎