高考英语精练复习10 13页

Unit 5　First aid Ⅰ.重点单词聚焦 ‎1．A serious lack of water is a real________(屏障，障碍) for people wanting to settle in the desert.‎ 答案：　barrier ‎2．My toothache is________(难以忍受的)，so I must go to see my dentist.‎ 答案：　unbearable ‎3．Although it was a________(复杂的) problem，he solved it in a very simple way.‎ 答案：　complex ‎4．As everybody knows，cancer doesn’t show any________(症状) in its early stages.‎ 答案：　symptoms ‎5．These days，I can’t fall asleep because the coming final exam is putting great________(压力) on me.‎ 答案：　pressure ‎6．The bridge was damaged by a flood，so a________(临时的) one was built in its place.‎ 答案：　temporary ‎7．The heart is one of the most important________(器官) in our bodies.‎ 答案：　organs ‎8．When the doctor applied the________(绷带) to my eyes I couldn’t see anything.‎ 答案：　bandage ‎9．Last week，Mr Black attended his son’s graduation ________ (典礼)．‎ 答案：　ceremony ‎10．The old man that suffered a heart attack was immediately taken to hospital by an________(救护车)．‎ 答案：　ambulance Ⅱ.重点短语扫描 ‎1．first 　　　　　　　　　　　急救 ‎2．electric 　　　 触电；电休克 ‎3．over and over 　　　 反复；多次 ‎4．a of　　　 若干；许多 ‎5．carry 　　　 进行，开展 ‎6． ...from/against　　　 保护……以免受侵害 ‎7．fall 　　　 生病 ‎8．squeeze 　　　 榨出；挤出 aid shock again number out protect ill out ‎9． place　　　 在适当的位置；适当 ‎10． one’s hands on　　　 找到 ‎11．belong 　　　 属于 ‎12．make a 　　　 有影响，产生差别 in put to difference Ⅲ.课文原句突破 ‎1．除非衣服粘贴在烧伤面上，否则都要把衣服脱掉。如果需要的话，可以使用剪刀。‎ Remove clothing using scissors ________ ________ ________ it is stuck to the burn.‎ 答案：　if necessary unless ‎ ‎2．约翰正在房间里学习，突然听到一声尖叫。‎ John________ ________in his room________he heard screaming.‎ 答案：　was studying；when ‎3．正是约翰的快速反应和急救知识救了斯莱德女士的命。‎ ‎________ ________John’s quick action and knowledge of first aid ________saved Ms Slade’s life.‎ 答案：　It was；that ‎4．毫无疑问，是约翰敏捷的思维和在学校所学的急救技术，使得斯莱德女士得救了。‎ ‎________ ________ ________ ________ ________John’s quick thinking and the first aid skills he learned at school saved Ms Slade’s life.‎ 答案：　There is no doubt that ‎5．这说明了急救知识的确能发挥重要的作用。 ‎ It shows that a knowledge of first aid can________ ________ ________ ________.‎ 答案：　make a real difference aid n．& vt.帮助，援助；资助 教材原句P33：First aid is a temporary form of help given to someone who suddenly falls ill or gets injured before a doctor can be found.急救就是在找到医生之前对突然生病或受伤的人给予临时性的帮助。‎ ‎①We are collecting money in aid of the people who have lost their homes in the earthquake in Sichuan‎ ‎Province.‎ 我们正集资以资助那些在四川地震中失去家园的人。‎ ‎②An EnglishChinese Dictionary is an important aid in learning English.一本英汉词典是学习英语的重要工具。‎ ‎③With the aid of our English teacher，we have made great progress this term.‎ 在英语老师的帮助下，这学期我们已经取得了巨大的进步。‎ ‎④I didn’t speak any French，but a nice man came to my aid and told me where to go.‎ 我不会说法语，不过一个好心人帮了我的忙，告诉我怎么走。 ‎ ‎⑤I aided the poor girl in continuing her study.‎ 我帮助这个可怜的女孩继续她的学业。‎ ‎1.完成句子 They collected a lot of money__________________________(以帮助那位可怜的小女孩)．‎ 答案：　in aid of the poor girl vital adj.至关重要的；生死攸关的 教材原句P35：If the injuries are second or third degree burns，it is vital to get the victim to the doctor or hospital at once.‎ 如果是二度或者三度烧伤，至关重要的是把伤者立刻送去看医生或送往医院。‎ ‎(1)be vital for/to sth.对……极重要的 ‎(2)在It is vital that句型中，that从句的谓语常用虚拟语气，‎ 即(should)＋动词原形。‎ ‎①Consideration for other people is vital to all of us.‎ 对我们所有人而言体谅别人是极其重要的。‎ ‎②Richard played a vital role in the team’s success.‎ 理查德对本队的成功起了至关重要的作用。‎ ‎③It’s vital that we (should) carry out the operation immediately.我们应立即开始手术，因为这是生死攸关的。‎ ‎2.完成句子 众所周知阅读在语言学习中至关重要。‎ It is known to us that reading____________________in language learning.‎ 答案：　is of vital importance treat vt.‎& vi.治疗；对待；款待；n.款待；招待 教材原句P38：John used these to treat the most severe injuries to Ms Slade’s hands.‎ 约翰用这些东西处理斯莱德女士手上最严重的伤口。‎ ‎①We treat each other as brothers and sisters.‎ 我们把彼此看作兄弟姐妹。‎ ‎②He is seriously ill，and is being treated in hospital now.‎ 他病得很重，现在在医院接受治疗。‎ ‎③She treated each of the children to an icecream.‎ 她请每个孩子吃了个冰激凌。‎ ‎④Let’s go out for dinner—my treat this time.‎ 咱们出去吃饭吧！——这次我请客。‎ ‎3.—Let’s go Dutch for this supper，OK?‎ ‎—No，________this time，as a reward for all your help.‎ A．it’s up to you　　　 B．it’s my treat C．let’s talk about it　　　D．it doesn’t matter 解析：　句意为：“这顿晚饭让我们AA制吧。”“不，这次由我请客，作为对你的帮助的回报。”A项意为“由你做决定”；B项意为“由我请客”；C项意为“让我们讨论一下”；D项意为“没关系”。‎ 答案：　B apply v．应用；运用；申请；请求 教材原句P38：He slowed the bleeding by applying pressure to the wounds until the police and ambulance arrived.他使劲地按住伤口，使血流得慢些，一直等到警察和救护车的到来。‎ apply for申请，请求 apply to sb.for sth.向某人申请某物 apply to适用于 apply oneself to致力于，集中精力于 ‎①I would like to apply to become an assistant in your company.‎ 我想申请成为你们公司的助理。‎ ‎②She applied for a job as an English teacher.‎ 她应聘英语教师的工作。‎ ‎③We had to apply to the government for financial help.‎ 我们只好向政府申请财务援助。‎ ‎④What you said doesn’t apply to me.你所说的并不适合我。‎ ‎⑤You’d better apply yourself to your study.你最好专心学习。‎ ‎4.(2009·浙江卷)The good thing about children is that they______ very easily to new environments.‎ A．adapt　　　 B．appeal C．attach　　　 D．apply 解析：　句意为：作为孩子的好处是他们很容易适应新环境。adapt to为固定短语，意为“适应”。‎ 答案：　A ‎5．(2011·江西吉安模拟)Now a lot of new technologies can ________ problems in industry.‎ A．be applied to solve　　 B．be applied to solving C．apply to solve　　　 D．apply to solving 解析：　考查动词搭配。apply...to...表示“把……应用到……上”，其中to为介词。‎ 答案：　B in place在适当的位置；适当 教材原句P35：Hold the bandage in place with tape.‎ 用胶布把绷带固定。‎ ‎①I like to have everything in place.‎ 我喜欢样样事都恰得其所。‎ ‎②You may read any book on the shelf on condition that you promise to put the book in place.‎ 只要你保证把书放回原处，书架上的书你可以随意看。‎ out of place不适当的 in one’s place处在某人的位置上 take the place of sb.＝take one’s place代替某人的位置 ‎③Being poor，he felt completely out of place among those rich people.他出生贫寒，处在富人圈中让他感到很不适宜。‎ ‎④If I had been in your place，I might have accepted the invitation.我要是处在你的位置，我可能接受了这份邀请。‎ ‎⑤It’s likely that computers will take the place of mankind in the future.有可能未来电脑将代替人类。 ‎ ‎6.Don’t take anything away.Father likes____________________(一切东西摆放得有条理)．‎ 答案：　everything to be in place make a difference区别对待；有影响；起(重要)作用 教材原句P38：It shows that a knowledge of first aid can make a real difference.这说明了急救知识的确能发挥重要的作用。‎ ‎①It isn’t what you have done but what you will do that makes a difference.重要的不是你做了什么而是你将要做什么。‎ ‎②Thank you so much for making me feel important and showing me that I could make a difference.‎ 谢谢你让我觉得自己很重要，让我知道我可以产生影响。‎ ‎(1)make no difference (to sb./sth.)对某人/物没有作用或 ‎　影响，对某人/物不重要/不要紧 make some difference (to sb./sth.)对某人 /物有些作用或影响 ‎(2)tell the difference 分辨，区分，区别 ‎③Does it make any difference whether she will come to our party?‎ 她来不来参加我们的聚会有什么关系吗？‎ ‎④That makes no difference to me what you say.‎ 你说什么对我都没关系。‎ ‎⑤It won’t make much difference whether you go today or tomorrow.你今天还是明天走没有多大关系。‎ ‎⑥The twins are so alike；it’s difficult to tell the difference.‎ 这对双胞胎长得太像了，很难分出谁是谁。‎ ‎7.—Does he know which team wins?‎ ‎—No，it makes no________to him which team wins，because he doesn’t care about it at all.‎ A．different　　　 B．difference C．attention　　　 D．excuse 解析：　no后接名词，排除A；attention要与动词pay搭配；make excuse to“向某人道歉”，不合题意；make no difference to sb.意为“对某人没有影响”。‎ 答案：　B Remove clothing using scissors if necessary unless it is stuck to the burn.除非衣服紧贴在烧伤面上，否则都要把衣服脱掉。如果需要的话，可以使用剪刀。‎ unless是连词，意为“除非，如果不”，引导的是一个肯定条件状语从句，从句有时可以与if...not...引导的否定状语从句互换。‎ ‎①We will have a picnic in the park this Sunday unless it rains or it’s very cold.‎ 除非下雨或天很冷，我们将在本周日去公园野餐。‎ ‎②We’ll go out for a tour this Sunday，unless it rains.‎ ‎＝If it doesn’t rain，we’ll go out for a tour this Sunday.‎ 除非下雨，否则这个星期日我们将出去郊游。‎ ‎③Unless you’ve tried it，you can’t imagine how pleasant it is.‎ 除非你尝试一下，否则你无法想像那是多么令人愉快。‎ ‎8.(2010·新课标全国卷Ⅰ)The little boy won’t go to sleep________his mother tells him a story.‎ A．or　　　 B．unless C．but　　　 D．whether 解析：　句意为：除非妈妈给他讲故事，否则小男孩就不去睡觉。本题考查连词。or或者，否则；unless除非；but但，除……之外；whether 是否。根据语境可知，这里用unless表示“除非……否则……”。‎ 答案：　B ‎9．It is known to all that________you exercise regularly，you won’t keep good health.‎ A．unless　　　 B．whenever C．although　　　 D．if 解析：　这是一个由unless引导的条件句，从句一般用现在时，主句用将来时。whenever和although引导让步状语从句，if引导条件句。‎ 答案：　A John was studying in his room when he heard screaming.‎ 约翰正在房间里学习，突然听到一声尖叫。‎ when在此作并列连词用，意为“正在这时；那时”，构成并列句，这时前面的分句常用过去进行时、过去完成时，或was/were about to do。‎ be doing...when...正在……这时……‎ be about to do...when...正打算做……这时……‎ be just going to do...when...正要……这时……‎ be on the point of doing...when...正要……这时 ‎①I was walking along the stream when I met my English teacher.我在沿着小溪散步时遇到了我的英语老师。‎ ‎②I was about to go out when the telephone rang.‎ 我正打算出去，这时电话响了。 ‎ ‎③I was on the point of calling him when he came in.‎ 我正要给他打电话，这时他进来了。‎ ‎④We was about to leave when a big noise came from the next room.我们正要离开时隔壁发出了巨大的响声。‎ ‎⑤We were discussing the problem when there was a power failure.我们正在讨论那个问题，这时停电了。‎ ‎10.She opened her eyes with a start and was about to cry out ________ she heard her father urgently telling her to keep quiet.‎ A．while　　　 B．when C．before　　　 D．after 解析：　句意为：她猛地睁开眼睛，刚要哭，这时她听到她父亲急忙告诉她要保持安静。be about to do sth.when...为固定句型，其中的when为并列连词，相当于and at that time。‎ 答案：　B ‎11．—Where’s that report?‎ ‎—I brought it to you________you were in Mr Black’s office yesterday.‎ A．if　　　 B．when C．because　　　 D．before 解析：　句意为 ：“那份报告在哪里？”“昨天在布莱克先生办公室的时候我给你了。”根据语意判断，此处应为时间状语，故选when。‎ 答案：　B Ⅰ.选词填空 fall ill；over and over again；make a difference；prevent...from；a variety of；stick to；take part in；no doubt ‎1．That my neighbor sang the same song__________________ ______every day really annoyed me.‎ 答案：　over and over again ‎2．Due to his injuries，Tom didn’t__________________the school sports meet.‎ 答案：　take part in ‎3．Parents are always trying their best to________their children ________being hurt.‎ 答案：　prevent；from ‎4．Students should be encouraged to attend_________ _________afterschool activities.‎ 答案：　a variety of ‎5．Jack__________________this morning so he had to go to hospital.‎ 答案：　fell ill ‎6．She__________________what she said in yesterday’s meeting and nobody can change her mind.‎ 答案：　sticks to ‎7．The words spoken by our teacher in class will________ ________to us all.‎ 答案：　make a difference ‎8．There is__________________that body language is a very important means of communication.‎ 答案：　no doubt Ⅱ.情景交际 ‎1．(2010·辽宁卷)—I’ll do the washingup.Jack，would you please do the floors?‎ ‎—________.‎ A．Yes，please　　　　　　 B．No，I don’t C．Yes，sure　　　 D．No，not at all 解析：　第一个人说：“我来洗餐具。杰克，你来拖地板，好吗？”答语为“当然可以”。根据语境选C项。‎ 答案：　C ‎2．(2010·安徽卷)—Do you know if Linda is willing to take charge of the program?‎ ‎—________，does it?‎ A．It takes no time　　　 B．It counts for nothing C．It doesn’t hurt to ask　　　 D．It doesn’t make sense 解析：　根据答语中的反意疑问部分可知前半句是否定句，由此可排除前两项。C项的意思是“问一下没关系”，符合语境。‎ 答案：　C ‎3．(2010·安徽卷)—________？‎ ‎—That would be great！Please drop me off at the library.‎ A．Could you bring me the bill B．Would you like me to give you a lift C．Could you tell me the postcode for ‎Paris D．Would you like to have my email address 解析：　答语的第二句提到说话人想让对方在图书馆处让其下车，由此可知对方想让说话人搭便车。‎ 答案：　B ‎4．(2010·天津卷)—Excuse me，I wonder if you can help me?‎ ‎—Sure.________？‎ A．What help　　　 B．What is this C．What is it　　　 D．What do you want 解析：　句意为：——打扰一下，你能帮我吗？——当然可以。帮什么忙？C项符合语境，其中it指代谈话双方都知道的事情。‎ 答案：　C ‎5．(2010·天津卷)—Professor Johnson，I’m afraid I can’t finish the report within this week.‎ ‎—________.How about next week?‎ A．Good for you　　　 B．It won’t bother me C．Not at all　　　 D．That’s OK 解析：　That’s OK表示理解和宽容，意为“那没关系”。Not at all是感谢的应答语。‎ 答案：　D Ⅲ.语法专练 本单元语法——省略 Ⅰ.单项填空 ‎1. (2011·唐山二模)The global warming，if not properly________，might lead to more natural disasters.‎ A．was controlled　　　 B．controlled C．to control　　　 D．being controlled 解析：　考查省略。句意为：全球变暖，如果不适当控制，可能导致更多的自然灾难。if ‎ not properly controlled是if it is not properly controlled的省略。‎ 答案：　B ‎2．(2011·重庆第二次诊断)She left home without dinner as if ________.‎ A．she is angry　　　 B．being angry C．to be angry　　　 D．angry 解析：　考查as if从句的省略。在as if引导的方式状语从句中，如果从句中的动词是be，通常将从句中的主语和动词be省略，而保留as if＋形容词、分词、动词不定式等。题干为She left home without dinner as if (she was) angry，从句省略后保留表语angry。‎ 答案：　D ‎3．(2011·郑州第二次检测)You can go to the party with us if you________.‎ A．want to　　　 B．want to do C．want it　　　 D．want to go 解析：　考查动词不定式的省略。句意为：你可以和我们一起参加派对，如果你愿意的话。前文出现了动词短语go to the party，因此在if引导的状语从句中可以只保留动词不定式符号to。‎ 答案：　A ‎4．(2010·绵阳市第三次诊断)If you go to Jiuzhaigou Valley today，you will find it more attractive than commonly________.‎ A．supposing　　　 B．to suppose C．being supposed　　　 D．supposed 解析：　考查非谓语动词的用法。suppose与其逻辑主语it是动宾关系，所以用过去分词形式表被动。‎ 答案：　D ‎5．—What’s the matter with Della?‎ ‎—Well，her parents wouldn’t allow her to go to the party，but she still________.‎ A．hopes to　　　 B．hopes so C．hopes not　　　 D．hopes for 解析：　句意为：——Della怎么了？——哦，她父母不让她去参加晚会，但她仍然希望去参加。hope后再次出现前面出现过的不定式短语to go to the party，为避免重复只用不定式符号to代替。so用来代替前面表示肯定意义的句子；not代替前面表示否定意义的句子；for不起替代作用。‎ 答案：　A