2020版高考英语一轮基础达标选题 Unit 2 The Olympic Games（含解析）新人教版必修2 8页

Unit 2 The Olympic Games 李仕才 一、阅读理解 Johannes Vermeer is such a quiet and introspective(内省的)artist that it took hundreds of years for anyone to notice he was a genius.‎ A major Vermeer exhibition opens this month at the Louvre in Paris, whose permanent collection includes his great painting of a woman absorbed in close, visually demanding work, The Lacemaker (about 1669－1670). Like other paintings by Vermeer, this image represents modern culture.‎ So attracted are today’s art lovers by Vermeer that it was thought shocking when a recent survey found that 82% of Americans can’t name who painted Girl with a Pearl Earring. Well, maybe they don’t go to the movies much.‎ It is not true to say he was forgotten—that would suggest he was famous in his lifetime. He was not. Vermeer was one more painter among the many who worked for money in the Dutch‎ ‎Republic in the 17th century. He was not a star like Rembrandt. He obviously took himself and his art seriously. His selfreferential painting The Art of Painting proves that. Even though he worked all his life in Delft, he painted only 35 known works and left his family poor when he died in 1675 at the age of 43.‎ It is fitting that Paris is celebrating Vermeer, because it was the French avantgarde(先锋派)in the 19th century who saved him from being completely forgotten. Compare his painting Woman in Blue Reading a Letter or The Little Street with, say, Edouard Manet’s A Bar at the FoliesBergère(1882)or Camille Pissarro’s The Boulevard Montmartre at Night (1897) and it is easy to see why the art of Vermeer found its natural audience in Parisian Bohemia.‎ All these artists are likely to have known about and admired Vermeer due to the efforts of the critic ThoréBürger, a veteran of the 1848 Revolution.‎ Vermeer’s rediscovery is part of the history of modern French art. Vermeer is not only a great artist. He is a great modern artist.‎ ‎【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了著名画家Johannes Vermeer的生平和他的艺术特点。‎ ‎1．How many paintings produced by Vermeer are mentioned in the text?‎ A．Four.　　　　　　　　 B．Five.‎ C．Six. D．Seven.‎ B　解析：细节理解题。通读全文可知，本文共提及Vermeer的五幅画作，‎ 8‎ 包括第二段提及的The Lacemaker、第三段提及的Girl with a Pearl Earring、第四段提及的The Art of Painting、第五段提及的Woman in Blue Reading a Letter和The Little Street，故B项正确。‎ ‎2．What can we know about Vermeer from Paragraph 4?‎ A．He was wellknown when he was alive.‎ B．He gained a good fortune for his family.‎ C．He didn’t witness the popularity of his works.‎ D．He considered painting as a way to have fun.‎ C　解析：推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句可知，尽管他终身在代尔夫特工作，但是直到他在43岁去世时仅留下了35件被人们所知的作品，他是在贫困中离世的；结合第一段可知，人们在数百年后才发现他的艺术价值；据此可以判断，他没能看到他的作品受欢迎，故C项正确。‎ ‎3．Who made a great contribution to introducing Vermeer to other artists?‎ A．Rembrandt.　　　　　　 B．His family.‎ C．American art lovers. D．ThoréBürger.‎ D　解析：细节理解题。根据第六段可知，由于评论家ThoréBürger的努力，Vermeer才被这些艺术家认可，故D项正确。‎ ‎4．Which of the following can be the best title for the text?‎ A．Rediscovery of Vermeer B．Anecdotes About Vermeer C．Great Modern French Art D．The Tough Way to Success in Art A　解析：标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了画家Johannes Vermeer的生平和他的艺术特点。Johannes Vermeer 在世时，画作并不为人所知，在贫困中死去；数百年后人们才发现他是艺术天才。故A项最适合作本文的标题。‎ 二、单句语法填空 ‎1．If you cannot pass the exam, you will not ________(admit) into college.‎ 答案：be admitted　be admitted to/into college “被大学录取”。‎ ‎2．In my opinion, it is you rather than he that should take ________ (responsible) for the accident.‎ 答案：responsibility　take responsibility for sth. “为某事承担责任”。‎ ‎3．There are too many TV________(advertise) between the programs.‎ 答案：advertisements　由many可知此空应填名词advertisement 8‎ ‎ “广告”，且应用其复数形式。‎ ‎4．He was disabled from birth, but he never felt frustrated, ________ did he give in to any difficulty.‎ 答案：nor　分析句子结构可知，最后一个分句应用部分倒装结构，由前一分句中的never可知，此句表示“也从不”，故填nor。‎ ‎5．They replaced their beloved old cars ________expensive new sports cars.‎ 答案：with　replace A with B “用B替换A”。‎ ‎6．It's true that she made a mistake but she hardly deserves ________ (lose) her job.‎ 答案：to lose　deserve to do sth. “应做某事”。‎ ‎7．There seems to be a fierce ________(compete) in China for senior high students to enter college or university.‎ 答案：competition　由前面的修饰成分a fierce可知此处应用名词competition “竞赛，比赛”。‎ ‎8．Eating properly and exercising ________(regular) can make one enjoy a healthier and longer life.‎ 答案：regularly　由前面的properly可知，此处应填副词修饰exercising。‎ ‎9．He bargained ________the merchant for an hour before he bought the vase.‎ 答案：with　bargain with sb. “与某人讨价还价”。‎ ‎10．The harder you try to beat him, the ________(many) likely you will get hit.‎ 答案：more　“the＋比较级 ...，the＋比较级 ...”为常用句式，意为“越……，(就)越……”。‎ 三、完形填空 One day when I was 13，my family was working in the fields to clear away old brush when somehow the electric fence sparked(冒火花)and __1__ a fire.We didn't see the fire __2__ it had blocked the way to the only gate.I __3__ to jump over the fence to safety but the fire was all around us.I could only watch in __4__ as the flames continued to rise.Little did I know that my father had once been a(n)__5__ and knew what to do. __6__ with only a pump sprayer，buckets, and his boots，he __7__ down to the nearby pond，filled the buckets and the sprayer，and began spraying the __8__ while my older brother threw water with the buckets.Soon the wind __9__，however，and with the Fire Department too far away to arrive in time，my father began 8‎ ‎ to stamp(踩灭) out the flames as he moved to the __10__，so that my family was able to move inch by inch toward the gate.__11__ he arrived at the gate，he jumped into the truck，rolled up the windows，and drove __12__ the fire.Then the fire was put out，and my mother was looking at my father with her __13__ eyes.‎ After that，my father began telling us about his days as a firefighter，and my brother and I became __14__，asking him what other jobs he had done before he __15__.Well，it turned out that he had done just about __16__ except brain surgery!‎ He had been in the military as a carpenter，carpet layer，and an electrician，and had built B2 bombers before being poisoned in an accident that had __17__ him to retire.My father has a blood disorder as a result of that __18__，but that hasn't stopped him from being a fulltime electrician.‎ To all those people whose fathers have worked in the military and in other dangerous jobs, be __19__ of them，and remember that some day their __20__ might save your life.‎ ‎1．A.prevented B．permitted C．witnessed D．started ‎ ‎2．A.because B．unless C．after D．until ‎3．A.wanted B．managed C．promised D．happened ‎4．A.anger B．horror C．excitement D．embarrassment ‎5．A.carpenter B．electrician C．firefighter D．educator ‎6．A.Armed B．Satisfied C．Shared D．Identified ‎7．A.slid B．fell C．dashed D．walked ‎8．A.trees B．grass C．flames D．flowers ‎9．A.died off B．took on C．turned out D．picked up ‎10．A.fence B．truck C．furniture D．bucket 8‎ ‎11．A.If B．Once C．Since D．While ‎12．A.through B．along C．over D．across ‎13．A.high B．wide C．fast D．far ‎14．A.curious B．suspicious C．concerned D．anxious ‎15．A.moved B．resigned C．retired D．suffered ‎16．A.everything B．nothing C．something D．anything ‎17．A.allowed B．encouraged C．invited D．forced ‎18．A.fire B．accident C．attempt D．explanation ‎19．A.afraid B．proud C．careful D．ashamed ‎20．A.culture B．learning C．skills D．languages ‎【解题导语】本文作者通过讲述火灾中父亲扑灭大火的故事，告诉我们曾经在部队和做过其他危险工作的父亲将来某一天可能会用他们的技能拯救我们的生命，我们应为他们感到骄傲。‎ ‎【核心词汇】as a result of由于，因为(其后跟宾语)‎ be proud of为……感到骄傲 ‎1．D　根据该句中的“the electric fence sparked(冒火花)and __1__ a fire”可知，此处表示一场火灾开始了。D项意为“开始，使开始发生”，符合语境。prevent“阻止”；permit“允许”；witness“目击”。‎ ‎2．D　直到大火堵住了通往唯一的门的路，我们才发现大火。此处考查“not...until...”结构。‎ ‎3．A　根据语境可知，“我”想(wanted)跳过篱笆，到达安全地带，可是大火包围了我们。manage“设法做成”；promise“许诺”；happen“发生”。‎ ‎4．B　由上文可知，大火包围了我们，“我”只能惊恐地看着火焰继续上升。in horror“惊恐地”；in anger“生气地”；in excitement“兴奋地”；in 8‎ ‎ embarrassment“尴尬地”。‎ ‎5．C　根据第二段第一句中的“my father began telling us about his days as a firefighter”可知，父亲曾经是一名消防员。carpenter“木匠，木工”；electrician“电工”；educator“教育工作者”。‎ ‎6．A　本题考查be armed with的省略结构作状语，意为“用……装备或武装”，故选A项。satisfied“满意的，满足的”；shared“共有的”；identified“可辨认的”。‎ ‎7．C　根据语境可知，父亲应该是冲(dashed)向最近的池塘。slide“滑行”。‎ ‎8．C　根据上下文可知，此处指开始用水喷向火焰(flames)。‎ ‎9．D　根据语境可知，此处表示然而很快，风又变强了。pick up“变大，变强”，符合语境。die off“相继死去，先后死去”；take on“呈现，开始具有(某种特征、面貌等)”；turn out“结果是，证明是”。‎ ‎10．B　根据下文中的“he jumped into the truck”可知，父亲走向卡车。‎ ‎11．B　考查连词。A项意为“如果”，引导条件状语从句；B项意为“一……就……，一旦”，引导时间状语从句；C项“自……以来，因为，既然”；D项“当……时候，尽管”。由上下文可知，此处指父亲一到达大门，就跳进了卡车里。故选B项。‎ ‎12．A　根据语境可知，父亲开着卡车从火中穿过。through“通过，穿过”，表示运动发生在某物的空间内；along“沿着”；over“在……上面”；across“从一边到另一边，横过”，表示动作发生在物体的表面。‎ ‎13．B　根据语境可知，父亲开着卡车从火中穿过，火最终被扑灭了，所以母亲睁大(wide)眼睛看着父亲。‎ ‎14．A　根据下文中的“asking him what other jobs he had done”可知，我们是很好奇的(curious)。suspicious“怀疑的，猜疑的”；concerned“(与某事)有关的，有牵连的”； anxious“焦虑的，不安的，担心的”。‎ ‎15．C　根据语境可知，我们问父亲在退休(retired)之前还做过其他什么工作。下文中的“to retire”也是提示。‎ ‎16．A　根据第三段对父亲退休前工作的描述可知，父亲做过很多事情，所以此处指除了做脑外科手术之外，父亲几乎什么都做过。everything except“除了……之外什么都……”符合语境。‎ ‎17．D　由上下文可知，那场事故迫使(forced)父亲退休。‎ ‎18．B　根据上下文可知，此处指那场事故(accident)。attempt“尝试”； explanation“解释”。‎ ‎19．B　be proud of “为……感到骄傲”符合语境。ashamed“(因自己所做的事而)羞耻的，内疚的，惭愧的”。‎ ‎20．C　根据上文可知，此处指他们的技能(skills)有朝一日可能拯救你的生命。‎ 8‎ 四、单句改错 ‎1．One after other, tropical storms battered Pacific coastline.‎ ‎________________________________________________________‎ 答案：other→another　one after another “一个接一个地”。‎ ‎2．In China, these knots stand out friendship, love and good luck.‎ ‎________________________________________________________‎ 答案：out→for　stand for “代表；象征”。‎ ‎3．The restaurant offers different kinds of traditional Fujian dishes as well good service.‎ ‎________________________________________________________‎ 答案：well后加as　as well as “以及……”。‎ ‎4．We'll take active part in social practice during the summer vacation.‎ ‎________________________________________________________‎ 答案：take后加an　take an active part in “积极参加……”。‎ ‎5．You are in the charge of yourself, not anyone else.‎ ‎________________________________________________________‎ 答案：去掉the　in charge of “对……负责；控制……”。‎ 五、短文改错 Friendship is very important to everyone，especially to me.Now，I would like to describe one of my best friends whose name are Petou.The first reason why I consider him as my best friend is because he has a very warm personality.‎ He always smile politely at me，make me absolutely delighted when I meet him.What's more，honest is his good manner—he never lies me.In addition，he is the caring and compassionate friend.He's willing to help me whenever I have in trouble.‎ The second reason is that Petou is really excellently.He excels at every subject，which makes me admire him very much.‎ To summarize，Petou has a very good personality.Besides，he has a great ability to help other friends and him.I really like him.‎ ‎【答案】‎ Friendship is very important to everyone，especially to me.Now，I would like to describe one of my best friends whose name Petou.The first reason why I ‎ 8‎ consider him as my best friend is he has a very warm personality.‎ He always politely at me， me absolutely delighted when I meet him.What's more， is his good manner—he never lies me.In addition，he is caring and compassionate friend.He's willing to help me whenever I have trouble.‎ The second reason is that Petou is really .He excels at every subject，which makes me admire him very much.‎ To summarize，Petou has a very good personality.Besides，he has a great ability to help other friends and .I really like him.‎ 第一处：are改为is。考查主谓一致。whose引导的定语从句的先行词是代词“one”，因此谓语动词应该用单数。‎ 第二处：because改为that。考查名词性从句。主语为名词reason，表语从句中的连接词要用that。‎ 第三处：smile改为smiles。考查动词时态和主谓一致。由“which makes me”可知，主句应用一般现在时；主语为第三人称单数，谓语动词应该用单数。‎ 第四处：make改为making。考查非谓语动词。make与前面的谓语动词之间无连词，故此处应用现在分词短语作结果状语。‎ 第五处：honest改为honesty。考查名词。形容词不能作主语，应该用名词。‎ 第六处：lies后加to。考查固定用法。lie to sb.意为“对某人说谎”。‎ 第七处：the改为a。考查冠词。此处表示他是一个热心并且有同情心的人，表示泛指，应该用不定冠词。‎ 第八处：删除in。考查介词。句意：无论何时我有困难，他都愿意帮助我。have trouble意为“有困难”，in多余。‎ 第九处：excellently改为excellent。考查形容词。作is的表语应该用形容词。‎ 第十处：him改为me。考查代词。Petou能帮助别人也能帮助我。‎ 8‎