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英语高考不规则动词变化集中识记 2017/1/20
一、A—A—A型,即原形、过去式和过去分词三者都相同。(共9个)
cost—cost—cost
cut—cut—cut
hit—hit—hit
hurt—hurt—hurt
let—let— let
put—put—put
read—read—read
set—set—set
shut—shut—shut
二、A—B—B型,即过去式、过去分词相同。(共41个)
1 过去式和过去分词都含有 -ought。(3个)
bring—brought—brought
buy— bought—bought
think—thought— thought
2 词尾有-ild,-end时,只需把d变为t。(4个)
build—built—built
lend—lent— lent
send—sent—sent
spend—spent— spent
3.过去式、过去分词都含有 -aught。(2个)
catch—caught—caught
teach—taught—taught
4.把-eep变为-ept。(3个)
keep—kept—kept
sleep—slept—slept
sweep— swept—swept
5 把-ell变为-old。(2个)
tell—told—told
sell—sold—sold
6.过去式、过去分词都含有-elt或-ilt。(4个)
smell—smelt—smelt
spell—spelt—spelt
feel—felt—
felt
spill—spilt—spilt
7.过去式、过去分词都在原形词尾加t。(3个)
learn—learnt—learnt
mean—meant—meant
spoil—spoilt—spoilt
8.过去式、过去分词词尾是d。(4个)
say—said—said
pay—paid—paid
lay—laid—laid
hear—heard—heard
9.改变元音字母。(11个)
meet—met—met
get—got—got
sit—sat—sat
find— found—found
hold—held—held
spit—spat—spat
shine— shone—shone
win—won—won
hang—hung—hung
dig— dug—dug
lose—lost—lost
10.改变辅音字母。(1个)
make—made—made
11 改变元、辅音字母。(4个)
leave—left—left
stand—stood—stood
have(has)— had—had
understand—understood—understood
三、A—B—C型,即原形、过去式、过去分词都不相同。(共35个)
1 i—a—u变化。(6个)
begin—began—begun
drink—drank—drunk
sing— sang—sung
ring—rang—rung
swim—swam—swum
sink— sank—sunk
2 词尾为-ow,-aw时,过去式将其变为-ew,过去分词在其原形后加n。(5个)
blow—blew—blown
draw—drew—drawn
grow— grew—grown
know—knew—known
throw—threw—thrown(show除外)
3 词尾为“i+辅(1个)+e”,过去式将i变为o,过去分词多在原形后加n,若那个辅音字母为d或t,须双写d或t后加n。(4个)(give,hide除外)
drive—drove—driven
write—wrote—written
ride— rode—ridden
rise—rose—risen
4
过去分词在过去式后加(e)n。(5个)
break—broke—broken
choose—chose—chosen
freeze—froze—frozen
speak—spoke—spoken
wake—woke— woken
5 过去分词由过去式加-ten构成。(1个)
forget—forgot—forgotten
6 过去分词由原形加(e)n构成。(6个)
be—was(were)—been
eat—ate—eaten
fall—fell—fallen
give—gave—given
see—saw—seen
hide—hid—hidden(hid)
7 词尾为-ake时,过去式将其变为-ook,过去分词在原形词后加-n。(2个)
take—took—taken
mistake—mistook—mistaken
8 原形、过去式和过去分词都不相同。(6个)
do—did—done
fly—flew—flown
go—went—gone
lie—lay—lain
show—showed—shown
wear—wore—worn
四、A—A—B型,即过去式和原形相同。(1个)
beat—beat—beaten
五、A—B—A型,即过去分词和原形相同。(3个)
come—came—come
become—became—become
run— ran—run
六、情态动词型,只有原形和过去式,没有过去分词。(4个)
can—could
may—might
will—would
shall—should
文中6个动词的过去式和过去分词,还有一种规则变化形式。
——————————————————————————————————
不规则动词相对于规则动词来说,难记得多,是最难对付的一
类词。学生难学,老师难教。幸好它们不是杂乱无章的,可根据其中
的一些内部规律来记忆。下面给大家介绍一种归纳记忆法,以期大家
在攻克这一难关时,能收到事半功倍的效果。
一、 原形、过去式、过去分词相同:
cost/cut/hit/hurt/let/put/read/shut (细心的你一定会发现,这些词中大多数是以字母t结尾的。)
二、 原形、过去式相同,过去分词不同:
beat/beat/beaten
三、 原形、过去分词相同,过去式不同:
come/came/come become/became/become
run/ran/run
come,become,属不规则变化,但welcome属规则动词,其过去式、过去分词为:welcomed,welcomed
四、 过去式,过去分词相同:
(1) 去掉字母组合ee中的一个e
meet/met/met feed/fed/fed
(2) 去掉字母组合ee中的一个e,然后再在词尾加t
feel/felt/felt sleep/slept/slept
keep/kept/kept sweep/swept/swept
(3) 词尾为的ll 去掉一个l加t
spell/spelt/spelt smell/smelt/smelt
spill/spilt/spilt
(4) 过去式和过去分词以aught或 ought结尾
catch/caught/caught teach/taught/taught
bring/brought/brought buy/bought/bought
think/thought/thought
(5) 将stand改为stood
stand/stood/stood understand/understood/understood
(6) 将ay改为aid
lay/laid/laid pay/paid/paid
say/said/said
(7) 将d改为t
lend/lent/lent send/sent/sent
spend/spent/spent
build/built/built
(8) 将i改为a , o, u等
sit/sat/sat spit/spat/spat
win/won/won
dig/dug/dug
(9) 将ell改为old
tell/told/told sell/sold/sold
(10) 词尾加t
learn/learnt/learnt mean/meant/meant
dream/dreamt/dreamt spoil/spoilt/spoilt
(11) 有两种过去式和过去分词, 一种是不规则的, 一种是规则的
learn/learnt/learnt learn/learned/learned
shine/shone/shone shine/shined/shined
hang/hung/hung hang/hanged/hanged
smell/smelt/smelt smell/smelled/smelled
(12) 其它
have(has)/had/had hear/heard/heard
shoot/shot/shot
lose/lost/lost
hold/held/held get/got/got(AmE gotten)
find/found/found make/made/made
leave/left/left
五、三者均不同:
(1) 过去式以ew结尾、过去分词以own结尾
blow/blew/blown fly/flew/flown
grow/grew/grown know/knew/known
throw/threw/thrown
值得注意的是:
show/showed/shown或showed draw/drew/drawn
(2)改i为a变成过去式、改i为u变成过去分词
begin/began/begun drink/drank/drunk
ring/rang/rung sing/sang/sung
swim/swam/swum sink/sank/sunk
(3)改i为o变成过去式,过去分词以n结尾
drive/drove/driven write/wrote/written
rise/rose/risen ride/rode/ridden
(4) 原形后加n变成过去分词
drive/drove/driven rise/rose/risen
eat/ate/eaten fall/fell/fallen
give/gave/given
(5) 过去式后加n变成过去分词
break/broke/broken choose/chose/chosen
freeze/froze/frozen mistake/mistook/mistaken
steal/stole/stolen speak/spoke/spoken
take/took/taken wake/woke/woken(或woke)
(6)其它
be/was或were/been do/did/done
forget/forgot/forgotten go/went/gone
hide/hid/hidden see/saw/seen
wear/wore/worn
六、 有两种过去式和过去分词,但词义相同。
wake/woke/woken (或woke) wake/waked/waked
sink/sank/sunk sink/sunk/sunken
七、动词因其过去式、过去分词有两种形式而产生不同词义:
shine、hang的两种过去式和过去分词:
shone/shone照耀 shined/shined擦亮
hung/hung悬挂 hanged/hanged绞死
八、两个既可以做过去式,又可以做动词原形的词
lie躺卧lay/lain/lying(现在分词)
lay放,下蛋laid/laid/laying
find 找到、发现find/found/found
found 创建,成立 found/founded/founded
九、根据动词之间的词义联系来记忆
(一)词义相对:
(1) come/came/come来—— go/went/gone去
(2) give/gave/given给——get/got/got(AmE gotten)获得
(3) sleep/slept/slept睡觉——
wake/woke/woken (或woke) wake/waked/waked 醒来
(4) rise/rose/risen上升、上涨、升起——
fall/fell/fallen下降、落下、倒下
sink/sank/sunk sink/sunk/sunken 沉下, (使)下沉
(5) buy/bought/bought买—— sell/sold/sold出售, 卖
(6) take/took/taken带去——bring/brought/brought 带来
(7) teach/taught/taught教——
learn/learnt/learnt learn/learned/learned 学习、学会
(8) lose/lost/lost丢失、失败——
find/found/found找到
win/won/won赢得、(获)胜
(9) stand/stood/stood站、立——sit/sat/sat坐
(10) send/sent/sent 送、寄、发送——
get/got/got(AmE gotten)获得、收到
(二)、词义相近:
(1) beat/beat/beaten .打, 打败
win/won/won赢得、获胜
(2) understand/understood/understood 懂, 了解
know/knew/known 知道, 了解, 认识
(3) get/got/got(AmE gotten)变成、成为、变得
become/became/become 变成, 成为, 变得
go/went/gone变成
turn/turned/turned变成
(4) spend/spent/spent 花费、度过
pay/paid/paid 支付、交纳
cost/cost/cost花费、价值为
take/took/taken花费
(5) say/said/said说、讲
speak/spoke/spoken说、演讲
tell/told/told 告诉、说、吩咐、断定
talk/talked/talked谈话, 讲, 谈论, 议论
①A-B-B 型变化
不定式 过去式 过去分词 基本意义
bend bent bent 使变曲
bring brought brought 带来;引起;产生
buy bought bought 购买;采购
catch caught caught 接住;抓住;赶上;染上
deal dealt dealt 分配;分给
dig dug dug 挖(土);掘地
feel felt felt
触摸(某物);感觉到
fight fought fought 搏斗;奋斗;斗争;
find found found 发现;找到;
get got got/gotten 收到;接到;得到;成为
have had had 有;吃;喝;进行;经受
hear heard heard 听见;听说;得知
hold held held 拿住;抓住;抱;举行
keep kept kept 留下;保留;继续
lay laid laid 放置;产(卵)
leave left left 离开;把……留下;剩下
learn learnt
learned learnt
learned 学;学习;获悉;得知
lend lent lent 借出;借给
lose lost lost 失去;丧失;损失
make made made 做;制作;制造;使得
meet met met 遇见;碰见;相遇
babysit babysat babysat 照顾婴儿
pay paid paid 付钱;给……报酬
不定式 过去式 过去分词 基本意义
say said said 说,讲
sell sold sold 卖;销售
shine shone shone 发光;照耀;照射
sit sat sat 坐;就座
sleep slept slept 睡,睡觉;睡着
smell smelt smelt 闻出;嗅;发出气味
spend spent spent 用(钱);花(时间);度过
stand stood stood 站立;直立;位于;经受
teach taught taught 教,教授;传授
tell told told 告诉;讲述;吩咐
think thought thought 想,思考,认为
understand understood understood 懂;理解;领会
win won won 赢;获胜;赢得,获得
build built built 建筑,建造
feed fed fed 喂养
hang hung hung 悬挂,吊
sweep swept swept 打扫
send sent sent 送,派
shoot shot shot 射击
spit spat spat 吐(痰)
spoil spoilt spoilt 溺爱,损坏,破坏
flee fled fled 逃离
lead led led
引导;致便;领导
mislead misled misled 把…引错方向;给…带错路
mean meant meant 意思是…
② A-B-A型变化
不定式 过去式 过去分词 基本含义
overcome overcame overcome 克服,战胜
become became become 变为,成为
come came come 到来;出现
run ran run 跑,奔跑;
③A-B-C型变化
不定式 过去式 过去分词 基本含义
Be was/were been 有;存在;是;成为
begin began begun 开始
blow blew blown 吹,刮;吹响
break broke broken 打破(断,碎);损坏,撕开
choose chose chosen 选择,挑选,选取
do did done 做,干
drink drank drunk 喝;饮
drive drove driven 驾驶(车):驱赶
eat ate eaten 吃
fall fell fallen 落下;跌落;变为
fly flew flew 飞;飞行;
forget forgot forgotten 忘记;遗忘;忽视
freeze froze frozen (使)结冰;冷冻
give gave given 送给;授予;供给;
go went gone 去;离去;行驶;通到;到达
grow grew grown 变成;生长;发育;种植
know knew known 知道,懂得;了解;认识
lie lay lain 躺;平卧;(指物)平放
ride rode ridden 骑马、自行车等;搭乘
ring rang rung (铃等)鸣响;打电话
rise rose risen 上升;上涨;起立
see saw seen 看见;察觉;领会
show showed shown/showed 给……看;展出;表明
shake shook shaken 颤抖
sing sang sung 唱,唱歌
speak spoke spoken 说话;会说(某语言);发言
steal stole stolen 偷;窃取
swim swam swum 游水;游泳
take took taken 拿;服用;乘坐;花费
throw threw thrown 投,抛,扔,掷
wake woke woken 醒,醒来,叫醒
wear wore worn
穿,戴
write wrote written 写,书写;写作,著述
forgive forgave forgiven 原谅
hide hid hidden/hid 躲,藏
dive dove dived 跳水
sink sank sunk/sunken 下沉
④A-A-A型变化
不定式 过去式 过去分词 基本含义
cost cost cost 价值为,花费;使付出
cut cut cut 切;割;剪;砍;削
hurt hurt hurt 使受伤痛;刺痛;伤害
let let let 允许,让
put put put 放,摆;装入
read read read 阅读,朗诵
shut shut shut 关上,封闭;紧闭;合拢
upset upset upset 使人不舒服
bet bet bet 确信,打赌
hit hit hit 击中
set set set 放置
一、 A—A—A型,即原形、过去式和过去分词三者都相同。(共9个)
cost—cost—cost
cut—cut—cut
hit—hit—hit
hurt—hurt—hurt
let—let— let
put—put—put
read—read—read
set—set—set
shut—shut—shut
二、A—B—B型,即过去式、过去分词相同。(共41个)
1 过去式和过去分词都含有 -ought。(3个)
bring—brought—brought
buy— bought—bought
think—thought— thought
2 词尾有-ild,-end时,只需把d变为t。(4个)
build—built—built
lend—lent— lent
send—sent—sent
spend—spent— spent
3.过去式、过去分词都含有
-aught。(2个)
catch—caught—caught
teach—taught—taught
4.把-eep变为-ept。(3个)
keep—kept—kept
sleep—slept—slept
sweep— swept—swept
5 把-ell变为-old。(2个)
tell—told—told
sell—sold—sold
6.过去式、过去分词都含有-elt或-ilt。(4个)
smell—smelt—smelt
spell—spelt—spelt
feel—felt— felt
spill—spilt—spilt
7.过去式、过去分词都在原形词尾加t。(3个)
learn—learnt—learnt
mean—meant—meant
spoil—spoilt—spoilt
8.过去式、过去分词词尾是d。(4个)
say—said—said
pay—paid—paid
lay—laid—laid
hear—heard—heard
9.改变元音字母。(11个)
meet—met—met
get—got—got
sit—sat—sat
find— found—found
hold—held—held
spit—spat—spat
shine— shone—shone
win—won—won
hang—hung—hung
dig— dug—dug
lose—lost—lost
10.改变辅音字母。(1个)
make—made—made
11 改变元、辅音字母。(4个)
leave—left—left
stand—stood—stood
have(has)— had—had
understand—understood—understood
三、A—B—C型,即原形、过去式、过去分词都不相同。(共35个)
1 i—a—u变化。(6个)
begin—began—begun
drink—drank—drunk
sing—
sang—sung
ring—rang—rung
swim—swam—swum
sink— sank—sunk
2 词尾为-ow,-aw时,过去式将其变为-ew,过去分词在其原形后加n。(5个)
blow—blew—blown
draw—drew—drawn
grow— grew—grown
know—knew—known
throw—threw—thrown(show除外)
3 词尾为“i+辅(1个)+e”,过去式将i变为o,过去分词多在原形后加n,若那个辅音字母为d或t,须双写d或t后加n。(4个)(give,hide除外)
drive—drove—driven
write—wrote—written
ride— rode—ridden
rise—rose—risen
4 过去分词在过去式后加(e)n。(5个)
break—broke—broken
choose—chose—chosen
freeze—froze—frozen
speak—spoke—spoken
wake—woke— woken
5 过去分词由过去式加-ten构成。(1个)
forget—forgot—forgotten
6 过去分词由原形加(e)n构成。(6个)
be—was(were)—been
eat—ate—eaten
fall—fell—fallen
give—gave—given
see—saw—seen
hide—hid—hidden(hid)
7 词尾为-ake时,过去式将其变为-ook,过去分词在原形词后加-n。(2个)
take—took—taken
mistake—mistook—mistaken
8 原形、过去式和过去分词都不相同。(6个)
do—did—done
fly—flew—flown
go—went—gone
lie—lay—lain
show—showed—shown
wear—wore—worn
四、A—A—B型,即过去式和原形相同。(1个)
beat—beat—beaten
五、A—B—A型,即过去分词和原形相同。(3个)
come—came—come
become—became—become
run— ran—run
六、情态动词型,只有原形和过去式,没有过去分词。(4个)
can—could
may—might
will—would
shall—should
文中6个动词的过去式和过去分词,还有一种规则变化形式。
——————————————————————————————————
不规则动词相对于规则动词来说,难记得多,是最难对付的一
类词。学生难学,老师难教。幸好它们不是杂乱无章的,可根据其中
的一些内部规律来记忆。下面给大家介绍一种归纳记忆法,以期大家
在攻克这一难关时,能收到事半功倍的效果。
一、 原形、过去式、过去分词相同:
cost/cut/hit/hurt/let/put/read/shut (细心的你一定会发现,这些词中大多数是以字母t结尾的。)
二、 原形、过去式相同,过去分词不同:
beat/beat/beaten
三、 原形、过去分词相同,过去式不同:
come/came/come become/became/become
run/ran/run
come,become,属不规则变化,但welcome属规则动词,其过去式、过去分词为:welcomed,welcomed
四、 过去式,过去分词相同:
(1) 去掉字母组合ee中的一个e
meet/met/met feed/fed/fed
(2) 去掉字母组合ee中的一个e,然后再在词尾加t
feel/felt/felt sleep/slept/slept
keep/kept/kept sweep/swept/swept
(3) 词尾为的ll 去掉一个l加t
spell/spelt/spelt smell/smelt/smelt
spill/spilt/spilt
(4) 过去式和过去分词以aught或 ought结尾
catch/caught/caught teach/taught/taught
bring/brought/brought buy/bought/bought
think/thought/thought
(5) 将stand改为stood
stand/stood/stood understand/understood/understood
(6) 将ay改为aid
lay/laid/laid pay/paid/paid
say/said/said
(7) 将d改为t
lend/lent/lent
send/sent/sent
spend/spent/spent
build/built/built
(8) 将i改为a , o, u等
sit/sat/sat spit/spat/spat
win/won/won
dig/dug/dug
(9) 将ell改为old
tell/told/told sell/sold/sold
(10) 词尾加t
learn/learnt/learnt mean/meant/meant
dream/dreamt/dreamt spoil/spoilt/spoilt
(11) 有两种过去式和过去分词, 一种是不规则的, 一种是规则的
learn/learnt/learnt learn/learned/learned
shine/shone/shone shine/shined/shined
hang/hung/hung hang/hanged/hanged
smell/smelt/smelt smell/smelled/smelled
(12) 其它
have(has)/had/had hear/heard/heard
shoot/shot/shot lose/lost/lost
hold/held/held get/got/got(AmE gotten)
find/found/found make/made/made
leave/left/left
五、三者均不同:
(1) 过去式以ew结尾、过去分词以own结尾
blow/blew/blown fly/flew/flown
grow/grew/grown know/knew/known
throw/threw/thrown
值得注意的是:
show/showed/shown或showed draw/drew/drawn
(2)改i为a变成过去式、改i为u变成过去分词
begin/began/begun drink/drank/drunk
ring/rang/rung sing/sang/sung
swim/swam/swum sink/sank/sunk
(3)改i为o变成过去式,过去分词以n结尾
drive/drove/driven write/wrote/written
rise/rose/risen ride/rode/ridden
(4) 原形后加n变成过去分词
drive/drove/driven rise/rose/risen
eat/ate/eaten fall/fell/fallen
give/gave/given
(5) 过去式后加n变成过去分词
break/broke/broken choose/chose/chosen
freeze/froze/frozen mistake/mistook/mistaken
steal/stole/stolen speak/spoke/spoken
take/took/taken
wake/woke/woken(或woke)
(6)其它
be/was或were/been do/did/done
forget/forgot/forgotten go/went/gone
hide/hid/hidden see/saw/seen
wear/wore/worn
六、 有两种过去式和过去分词,但词义相同。
wake/woke/woken (或woke) wake/waked/waked
sink/sank/sunk sink/sunk/sunken
七、动词因其过去式、过去分词有两种形式而产生不同词义:
shine、hang的两种过去式和过去分词:
shone/shone照耀 shined/shined擦亮
hung/hung悬挂 hanged/hanged绞死
八、两个既可以做过去式,又可以做动词原形的词
lie躺卧lay/lain/lying(现在分词)
lay放,下蛋laid/laid/laying
find 找到、发现find/found/found
found 创建,成立 found/founded/founded
九、根据动词之间的词义联系来记忆
(一)词义相对:
(1) come/came/come来—— go/went/gone去
(2) give/gave/given给——get/got/got(AmE gotten)获得
(3) sleep/slept/slept睡觉——
wake/woke/woken (或woke) wake/waked/waked 醒来
(4) rise/rose/risen上升、上涨、升起——
fall/fell/fallen下降、落下、倒下
sink/sank/sunk sink/sunk/sunken 沉下, (使)下沉
(5) buy/bought/bought买—— sell/sold/sold出售, 卖
(6) take/took/taken带去——bring/brought/brought 带来
(7) teach/taught/taught教——
learn/learnt/learnt learn/learned/learned 学习、学会
(8) lose/lost/lost丢失、失败——
find/found/found找到
win/won/won赢得、(获)胜
(9) stand/stood/stood站、立——sit/sat/sat坐
(10) send/sent/sent 送、寄、发送——
get/got/got(AmE gotten)获得、收到
(二)、词义相近:
(1) beat/beat/beaten .打, 打败
win/won/won赢得、获胜
(2) understand/understood/understood 懂, 了解
know/knew/known 知道, 了解, 认识
(3) get/got/got(AmE gotten)变成、成为、变得
become/became/become 变成, 成为, 变得
go/went/gone变成
turn/turned/turned变成
(4) spend/spent/spent 花费、度过
pay/paid/paid 支付、交纳
cost/cost/cost花费、价值为
take/took/taken花费
(5) say/said/said说、讲
speak/spoke/spoken说、演讲
tell/told/told 告诉、说、吩咐、断定
talk/talked/talked谈话, 讲, 谈论, 议论
①A-B-B 型变化
不定式 过去式 过去分词 基本意义
bend bent bent 使变曲
bring brought brought 带来;引起;产生
buy bought bought 购买;采购
catch caught caught 接住;抓住;赶上;染上
deal dealt dealt 分配;分给
dig dug dug 挖(土);掘地
feel felt felt 触摸(某物);感觉到
fight fought fought 搏斗;奋斗;斗争;
find found found 发现;找到;
get got got/gotten 收到;接到;得到;成为
have had had 有;吃;喝;进行;经受
hear heard heard 听见;听说;得知
hold held held 拿住;抓住;抱;举行
keep kept kept 留下;保留;继续
lay laid laid 放置;产(卵)
leave left left 离开;把……留下;剩下
learn learnt
learned learnt
learned 学;学习;获悉;得知
lend lent lent 借出;借给
lose lost lost 失去;丧失;损失
make made made 做;制作;制造;使得
meet met met 遇见;碰见;相遇
babysit babysat babysat 照顾婴儿
pay paid paid 付钱;给……报酬
不定式 过去式 过去分词 基本意义
say said said 说,讲
sell sold sold 卖;销售
shine shone shone 发光;照耀;照射
sit sat sat 坐;就座
sleep slept slept
睡,睡觉;睡着
smell smelt smelt 闻出;嗅;发出气味
spend spent spent 用(钱);花(时间);度过
stand stood stood 站立;直立;位于;经受
teach taught taught 教,教授;传授
tell told told 告诉;讲述;吩咐
think thought thought 想,思考,认为
understand understood understood 懂;理解;领会
win won won 赢;获胜;赢得,获得
build built built 建筑,建造
feed fed fed 喂养
hang hung hung 悬挂,吊
sweep swept swept 打扫
send sent sent 送,派
shoot shot shot 射击
spit spat spat 吐(痰)
spoil spoilt spoilt 溺爱,损坏,破坏
flee fled fled 逃离
lead led led 引导;致便;领导
mislead misled misled 把…引错方向;给…带错路
mean meant meant 意思是…
② A-B-A型变化
不定式 过去式 过去分词 基本含义
overcome overcame overcome 克服,战胜
become became become 变为,成为
come came come 到来;出现
run ran run 跑,奔跑;
③A-B-C型变化
不定式 过去式 过去分词 基本含义
Be was/were been 有;存在;是;成为
begin began begun 开始
blow blew blown 吹,刮;吹响
break broke broken 打破(断,碎);损坏,撕开
choose chose chosen 选择,挑选,选取
do did done 做,干
drink drank drunk 喝;饮
drive drove driven 驾驶(车):驱赶
eat ate eaten 吃
fall fell fallen 落下;跌落;变为
fly flew flew 飞;飞行;
forget forgot forgotten 忘记;遗忘;忽视
freeze froze frozen (使)结冰;冷冻
give gave given 送给;授予;供给;
go
went gone 去;离去;行驶;通到;到达
grow grew grown 变成;生长;发育;种植
know knew known 知道,懂得;了解;认识
lie lay lain 躺;平卧;(指物)平放
ride rode ridden 骑马、自行车等;搭乘
ring rang rung (铃等)鸣响;打电话
rise rose risen 上升;上涨;起立
see saw seen 看见;察觉;领会
show showed shown/showed 给……看;展出;表明
shake shook shaken 颤抖
sing sang sung 唱,唱歌
speak spoke spoken 说话;会说(某语言);发言
steal stole stolen 偷;窃取
swim swam swum 游水;游泳
take took taken 拿;服用;乘坐;花费
throw threw thrown 投,抛,扔,掷
wake woke woken 醒,醒来,叫醒
wear wore worn 穿,戴
write wrote written 写,书写;写作,著述
forgive forgave forgiven 原谅
hide hid hidden/hid 躲,藏
dive dove dived 跳水
sink sank sunk/sunken 下沉
④A-A-A变化
不定式 过去式 过去分词 基本含义
cost cost cost 价值为,花费;使付出
cut cut cut 切;割;剪;砍;削
hurt hurt hurt 使受伤痛;刺痛;伤害
let let let 允许,让
put put put 放,摆;装入
read read read 阅读,朗诵
shut shut shut 关上,封闭;紧闭;合拢
upset upset upset 使人不舒服
bet bet bet 确信,打赌
hit hit hit 击中
set set set 放置