新东方高考写作公开课 7页

高考公开课——写作 第一节课：图画文写作——赵晓栋 ‎ ‎ 一、具体写作 ‎（一）描写图画、揭露寓意 ‎ 1、看图画抓要点：所谓的要点就是指在原文当中必须以英语的形式重现的内 ‎ ‎ 容，通常名词居多，要点包括：‎ ‎ （1）所有的人和物 ‎ （2）字母、汉字、符号、数字 ‎ （3）旁文注解 ‎ 2、揭露寓意：就是透过表面看实质，准确点出图画所反映一种什么社会现象，其想表达的深刻意义是什么（即象征寓意）。‎ ‎（二）结合现实举例说明 ‎ 形式：主题句+扩展句（+结尾句）‎ ‎ 1、举例关键是抓住核心名词 ‎ 很多考生不会写作文或者说没有东西可写，他们从来不自己反问自己原因究竟出在哪里？我们都知道一个句子最主要的成分是主谓宾，而主语和宾语通常由名词来充当，谓语自然多数是由动词来充当。很多考生把句子不会写归结于自己动词不会写，其实最为重要的一点却被他们所忽略了，那就是名词不会写。我们可以试想一下，我们从小开始学习说话的时候，首先说的是什么呢？肯定是“爸爸、妈妈、爷爷、奶奶、叔叔、阿姨”等一个个名词，而不是“打、跑、玩”等动词。因此，考生要想在写作的过程中有话可说，必须从积累名词开始。所谓的核心名词是指：说话举例过程中必须提到的名词，并且与主题有相关性。‎ ‎ 2、从宏观和微观进行发散思维，举例。‎ ‎ 宏观（国家）：（1）经济：economy, market, product, development, reform and opening up, science and technology, consumer/customer, company, multinational corporation,‎ ‎ （2）文化：culture, history, tradition, figure, virtue, morality, honesty, kindness, courtesy, f riendship, friend, trust, understanding, cooperation, harmony, society, precious heritage, ancient civilization, ‎ ‎ （3）环境：environment, protection, environmental friendliness, pollution, waste, seed vessel, dustbin, river, lake, sea,‎ ‎ （4）教育：education, graduation, student, teacher, school, college, university, examination, cheat, grade, system, innovation,‎ ‎ （5）医疗：medicine, medical care, insurance, doctor, patient, fee, price, hospital, ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ 微观（个人）：即个人观点陈述。‎ ‎ I think/believe/maintain/claim/argue/consider---‎ ‎ 思想意识：perseverance=willpower, strong will, determination决心；decision, purpose, credit荣誉、信任；deep social message很深的社会意义；high-sounding promise冠冕堂皇的许诺；have a basic responsibility to do something；The majority of people would agree that---‎ ‎ ‎ ‎（三）发表建议和看法并结束全文 ‎ 主题句（背景原因）+ 扩展句（两条建议）+ 结尾句 ‎ ‎  二、词汇库 ‎（一）生态环境：‎ environmental(air/water/noise)pollution环境（空气／水／噪音）污染；sand storms沙尘暴；overfish . v.过度捕捞；overgraze .v.过度放牧；soil erosion土壤侵蚀；water and soil conservation水土保持；desertification沙漠化；fight against the danger of the desertification.抵制沙漠化；disruption of ecological balance生态失衡；ecological balance of the planet地球生态平衡；shortage of water resources水资源短缺；harmful chemicals有害化合物；poisonous gas有毒气体；industrial waste工业废料；waste gas sent off from automobiles汽车排放的废气；car emission standard汽车排放标准；throw-away lunchbox一次性盒饭；recyclable product可循环产品；renewable resources可更新资源；conserve natural resources 保护自然资源；plastic bags塑料袋；greenhouse effect温室效应；global warming全球变暖；acid rain酸雨；energy crisis能源危机；environmental awareness环保意识；ecosystem生态系统；garbage disposal垃圾处理；artificial precipitation人工降雨；arbor day植树节；shortage of fresh water淡水短缺；water and soil conservation水土保持；reforestation of the land 重新植树造林；suffer a great destruction遭受严重破坏；vigorously热情高涨地；soil erosion土壤侵蚀；stump树桩；chop down砍伐；the destruction of the environment环境的破坏；wake-up call警钟~for the whole of the human race；the plundering of the Earth’s natural resources.掠夺地球的自然资源；‎ ‎（二）网络词汇：‎ cyber bars网络；on-line love affair网恋；web addiction沉溺于上网；computer games电脑游戏；computer virus电脑病毒；pirated products盗版产品；mouse鼠标；monitor显示器；keyboard键盘；surf on-line上网；website网站；web page网页；on-line shopping网上购物；‎ ‎（三）教育词汇：‎ examination-oriented education应试教育；quality-oriented education素质教育；major专业；standardized test标准化考试；poverty-stricken area贫困山区；remote and mountain areas边远山区；shake off poverty and set out on a road to prosperity脱贫致富；‎ ‎（四）经济词汇：‎ economic/financial crisis经济/金融危机；demand exceeds supply/ be in short supply供不应求；purchasing power购买力；state-owned enterprise国有企业；private enterprise私人企业；tax evasion偷税漏税；integration with the global economy全球经济一体化； China’s access to/entry into WTO中国加入WTO；franchised store专卖店；‎ ‎（五）科技词汇：‎ high-tech products高科技产品；digital communication数字通讯；artificial intelligence人工智能；‎ ‎（六）自我发展 self-confidence自信;people in many walks of life各行各业的人；urge sb to do sth力劝某人做某事; allow sb/sth to do/be done; start with a campaign发起一场运动；be eager to do sth渴望; know about了解；cross-cultural contact跨文化交流；open-door polity; mutual cultural exchange相互文化交流；self-esteem自尊；the direct correlation between self-esteem and success also applies to one’s ability to achieve; social consciousness 社会觉悟；honesty; integrity诚实；sincerity 诚恳；sense of responsibility责任感；cooperation合作；enthusiasm 热诚；conscientiousness自觉性；ethical and moral standards伦理与道德标准；reliability; dependability可靠性；concern for others关怀他人；patience 耐心；perseverance 恒心；seriousness of purpose求学认真；initiative主动性；‎ 三、句子库 ‎（一）开头 ‎1. The drawing is a simple tool but reveals a significant and profound meaning. What I can see from the picture is that---‎ ‎2. Nowadays, the question/issue of “national culture or international culture” has become a matter of great concern for the general public in China’s society, a society that is experiencing reform and opening-up policy. As is vividly depicted in the picture，---‎ ‎3. the caption标题reads, “---.”/the caption informs us that---‎ ‎（二）中间 ‎1. Should the rapid development of private cars be encouraged or restricted in China? To judge this issue, we are supposed to look at three aspects: what are the advantages of private cars; what are their disadvantages; and is China ready for the free development of private cars?（反问的妙用）‎ ‎2. Recent statistics show that no more than/no less than 40% of people who would like to watch football game are crazy about David Beckham.（列数据）‎ ‎3. It is clear that the drawer of this picture is urging us to start with a campaign to save the forests, which is something all of us can join by urging our local authorities to take positive measures to save the trees.画这幅图的人在力劝我们开始拯救森林的行动，我们都可以参与，敦促当地政府采取措施拯救树木。（It句型）‎ ‎4. If this vivid image of the grim future of our planet is not to become a reality, we must take positive steps right now to put an end to the plundering of the Earth’s natural resources. ‎ 如果要让这个对我们星球的可怕未来的生动描绘不变成现实，我们现在必须采取积极的措施来停止掠夺地球的自然资源。（状语从句）‎ ‎ 5. Recently, it has become common for people in many walks of life to ---‎ ‎6.With/Along with/ Owing to the rapid advances in the standard of living of the Chinese people in recent years,---‎ ‎7. Along with the rapid development of technology and the global economy, the world is becoming smaller and smaller, and international cultural exchanges are becoming more and more frequent, which is inevitably improving our mutual understanding and friendship with our countries.随着技术和全球经济的迅速发展，世界变得越来越小，国际文化交流越来越频繁，这必然使我国与其他国家增进了解，发展友谊。‎ ‎（三）结尾 ‎1. Whatever the outcome, we must resolutely proceed with our objective.无论结果如何，我们必须坚定地继续为目标而努力。‎ ‎2. My advise to anyone curious about the ways of life of our neighbors on the planet is to take the plunge into other cultures; you are sure to be in for a pleasant surprise.我建议任何对我们这个星球上的邻居的生活方式表示好奇的人投身于其他文化，深入其中时你一定会遇到惊喜。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ 四、课堂练习 ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ The drawing is a simple tool but reveals a profound meaning. What I can see from this picture is that facing the teacher’s question: it pays to be honest, the student said, “It is not worthy to be honest. ” This cartoon intends to illustrate the importance of right values.(50)‎ ‎ Such phenomenon as people’s heart infected with undesirable ideas is familiar to us. A case in point is that ignoring the fact that to help the needy is a virtue, countless people tend to turn a blind eye when they see people needing help, for they believe that they are under no obligation to help. Next, some people fail to be responsible for their behaviour, which makes the friendly relations among people rather strained. (74)‎ ‎ In my eyes, it is essential for us to maintain this right values. If you treat others fairly, people associating with you will benefit from you, which in turn earn you more sincere friends. Therefore, it is better for us to do this.(43)‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ 五、考题预测：‎ ‎ 环境问题；网络问题；毅力问题；‎ ‎ 六、范文参考 Pollution is becoming increasingly serious all over the world. As is shown in the cartoon, two cars are giving off waste gas and three people are trying to avoid breathing in the poisonous gas by making their faces with their hands. The poisonous gas sent off by factories, domestic appliances and automobiles has made the air unhealthy for people to breathe.‎ There is no denying that authorities are indications of civilization, progress and development; nevertheless, automobiles cause the serious problem of air pollution. Scientists have warned that unless effective measures are taken, the problem of pollution will eventually get out of hand. Actually, people are showing a real concern over the problem. For example, there is an increasingly loud voice from the public for firm action against pollution from authorities.‎ Indeed, the earth is our home and we have the duty to take care of it for ourselves and for our descendants. In my opinion, we should work out concrete solutions to the problem of pollution from poisonous gas given off by authorities. For example, the authorities should be equipped with a device which can dispose of waste gas so as to prevent it from pollution air. Only in this way can we really solve the problem of air pollution caused by automobiles.(213) ‎ ‎ ‎