2020版高考英语阅读理解一轮提升选练（16）（含解析） 10页

‎2019版高考英语阅读理解一轮提升选练（16）‎ 李仕才 A This month, the singing competition, American Idol, will come to an end. For years, the popular show was a platform for rising artists. With a group of famous judges and a wide range of talents, it is clear that the competitive atmosphere of American Idol will remain unrivaled by any other show. After all, its success has been ＂unmatched in broadcasting history.＂‎ ‎ American Idol came from the British series Pop Idol. Through an application, contestants came into the competition and thereafter, were chosen to audition(试音)for the show. Each candidate would have to perform a piece to the judges, and participate in a strict selection process. Not only would contestants have to sing in groups, they were sometimes tasked to perform pieces without musical instruments. At the end of this stage, only 24 o 36 artists were chosen to enter the semi-final stage. Soon, the fate of the contestants would be decided by the public. During the candidate’s live performance, a free telephone number was displayed on the screen for viewers to dial, to cast their vote. At the end of the night, only 13 lucky singers would be left in the competition; by the finals, only 8 contestants would remain. Finally, a runner-up(亚军)and a winner were announced every season. Though only the winner would receive a million dollar reward and a significant record deal, other contestants would have had a chance to be known by the public. As the famous producer Simon Cowell once said, ＂The point of the show is not to be mean to loser, but to find a winner.＂‎ ‎ As the final season of the program begins, past winners will return to the stage to say goodbye and a new winner will be announced. With amazing performances and an excellent cast of singers, the show’s conclusion will leave audiences nostalgic(怀旧的), but more satisfied than ever.‎ ‎1. Those who enter American Idol will _______.‎ ‎ A. share the one million dollar reward together ‎ B. be asked to perform in pairs in the semi-finals ‎ C. experience at least three rounds of performances 10‎ ‎ D. have the chance to become famous even if they fail ‎2. Who play the most important roles in the finals of American Idol?‎ ‎ A. The audiences B. The past winners ‎ C. The judges D. The record companies ‎3. The author thinks the conclusion of American Idol will _________.‎ ‎ A. change its history B. be worth watching ‎ C. not be the last season D. pick her favorite singer ‎4. In which section of the newspaper may you probably find the passage?‎ ‎ A. Advertisement B. Finance ‎ ‎ C. Entertainment D. Business ‎ 【语篇解读】本文为说明文，介绍了很受欢迎的流行节目American Idol和它的比赛过程。‎ ‎2.A【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段第六、七、八句话可知在决赛阶段起最重要作用的是观众，故选A。‎ ‎3.B【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句话＂With amazing performances and an excellent cast of singers, the show’s conclusion will leave audiences nostalgic, but more satisfied than ever＂可知作者认为 the show’s conclusion值得观看，故选B。‎ ‎4.C【解析】推理判断题。根据文章可知本文介绍的是歌唱比赛节目，应属于娱乐类，故选C。‎ B ‎(2015·江西八校联考)‎ Around the world，honeybee groups are dying in huge numbers: about onethird of nests collapse each year.For bees and the plants they pollinate (授粉)，as well as for beekeepers，farmers，honey lovers and everyone else who appreciates this marvelous 10‎ ‎ social insect，this is a catastrophe.‎ Honeybee collapse has been particularly worrying because there is not one cause，but rather a thousand little cuts.The main elements include the mixed impact of pesticides (杀虫剂) applied to fields，as well as pesticides applied directly into nests to control bugs，pests and diseases; nutritional shortages caused by vast acreages of singlecrop fields that lack diverse flowering plants; and commercial beekeeping itself，which destroys groups by moving most bees around the country multiple times each year to pollinate crops.‎ The real issue，though，is not the volume of problems，but the interactions among them.Here we find a major lesson from the bees that we ignore our risk：the concept of synergy(协同作用), where one_plus_one_equals_three，or_four，or_more．A typical honeybee colony contains remains from more than 120 pesticides.Alone，each represents a benign dose (良性剂量). But together they form a poisonous soup of chemicals whose interplay (相互作用) can greatly reduce the effectiveness of bees’ immune systems，making them easier to suffer from diseases.‎ Observing the death of honeybees should warn us that our own wellbeing might be similarly threatened，and the widespread collapse of so many groups presents a clear message.We must demand that our regulatory authorities require studies on how exposure to low dosages of combined chemicals may affect human health before approving compounds.‎ Bees also provide some clues to how we may build a more collaborative relationship with the services that ecosystems can provide.Bees could offer some of the pollination 10‎ ‎ services needed for agriculture.People discover that crop harvests，and thus profits，are maximized if some croplands are left uncultivated for bees.Meanwhile a variety of wild plants means a healthier，more diverse bee population，which will then move to the planted fields next door in larger and more active numbers.‎ ‎1．Which of the following is NOT the cause that leads to bees’ death?‎ A．Lack of nutrition from enough diverse flowering plants.‎ B．The pests and diseases of the bees.‎ C．The beekeepers’ destroying without intention.‎ D．The pesticides applied to crops.‎ ‎2．By saying “one plus one equals three，or four，or more” in Paragraph 3，the author means that ________．‎ A．united bees mean they are much more powerful B．united bees mean they are much more poisonous C．mixed pesticides mean they are much more poisonous D．mixed pesticides mean they are much more effective ‎3．The lesson people can learn from bees’death is that ________．‎ A．medicine is as powerful as pesticides B．our health might be threatened by pesticides C．we should protect bees by reducing the usage of pesticides D．medicine may be harmful to us when used together ‎4．What is the last paragraph mainly about?‎ A．Keeping a balance with nature is important.‎ 10‎ B．More plants mean more and healthier bees.‎ C．Bees are very important to agriculture.‎ D．Bees can bring in good higher profits to farmers.‎ ‎【解题导语】 　本文主要讲述了蜜蜂大量消失的原因以及给人们带来的启示。‎ ‎1．解析：选A。细节理解题。根据第二段中的“nutritional shortages caused by vast acreages of singlecrop fields that lack diverse flowering plants”可知，营养的缺乏是因为缺少正在开花时节的植物。故选A项。‎ ‎2．解析：选C。推理判断题。根据第三段的最后一句的“But together they form a poisonous soup of chemicals”可知，混合型的杀虫剂毒性更大，即C项正确。‎ ‎3．解析：选D。推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的第二句的“how exposure to low dosages of combined chemicals may affect human health before approving compounds”可推知，药物混合使用可能会对人体有害，即D项正确。‎ ‎4．解析：选A。段落大意题。根据最后一段的第一句“Bees also provide some clues to how we may build a more collaborative relationship with the services that ecosystems can provide.”可知，蜜蜂也提供了一些线索，关于我们如何与生态系统提供的服务建立一个更多的合作关系，因此本段主要讲述了与自然保持平衡是重要的。故A项正确。‎ C ‎“Croeso I Gymru！” If you don't know what this means, read on to find out more.‎ When you cross over the border from England into Wales, you don't have to show your passport but you do notice a difference immediately. All the road markings and signs are shown in two languages—English and Welsh (威尔士语). Not all visitors to Britain know that other languages are spoken here. There's the Gaelic (盖尔语) language in Scotland and a few people speak Cornish (康沃尔语) in the southwest of England, but the most widely spoken language in the UK besides English is Welsh.‎ Perhaps the first Welsh word you'll see on the road into Wales is ARAF. There's a helpful English translation next to it—SLOW. As you can see, Welsh looks quite different from English. It sounds very different, too. Welsh looks and sounds so different from English because it's a Celtic language. Celtic cultures still exist around the edges ‎ 10‎ of the UK—in Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland and also in parts of France. For hundreds of years, almost everyone in Wales spoke Welsh, but nowadays there are about 600 thousand Welsh speakers—around 20% of the population.‎ So is Welsh dying out? Not at all! Nowadays, all school children in Wales study Welsh and many choose to go to an all Welshspeaking school. You can get public information in Welsh, speak Welsh in court or take a course at university in Welsh. People surf the Internet in Welsh, keep up with friends on Facebook and write blogs in Welsh.‎ By the way，“Croeso I Gymru！” means “Welcome to Wales！” —I hope you'll be able to visit it one day.‎ 文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了威尔士语，包括威尔士语的特点、使用的人群、发展前景以及与英语的不同。‎ ‎1．According to the passage, Welsh ________.‎ A．has developed from Cornish B．is still widely used in the ‎UK C．sounds a little similar to English D．is more widely spoken than before 答案：B　细节理解题。根据文章第二段最后一句中的“but the most widely spoken language in the UK besides English is Welsh”可知，威尔士语在英国应用比较广泛。故答案选B。‎ ‎2．How does the author feel about the future of Welsh?‎ A．Optimistic. B．Curious.‎ C．Worried. D．Confused.‎ 答案：A　观点态度题。根据文章倒数第二段第一句“So is Welsh dying out? Not at all！”可知，作者相信威尔士语不会消失。故答案选A。‎ ‎3．What is the author's purpose of writing the passage?‎ A．To explain a typical Welsh term.‎ B．To compare English with Welsh.‎ C．To give an introduction to Welsh.‎ D．To encourage people to visit Wales.‎ 答案：C　写作意图题。文章主要介绍了威尔士语的特点、使用的人群、发展前景以及与英语的不同。故答案选C。‎ D ‎(2015·青岛高三联合考试)‎ I work in a nursing home and my job is to take care of the elderly.‎ 10‎ This year，a very sweet old lady that I cared for，Alice，had gone through a difficult time.She got dementia_and so she had been in the hospital twice.In November，I was finally able to get her back to her “home”．‎ Alice had thought her daughter was coming to visit her on Christmas Day and that they were going to have the whole family together like the old days.When she finally realized that that happy moment was not going to happen，she was very sad.Knowing that her daughter was coming after Christmas was not enough to make her feel happy.I hated the idea of her being alone on the holiday!‎ On Christmas Eve，I gave her a surprise by asking if she would like to go to a candlelight service at church that night.‎ Instead of taking her to my church，I took her to her old neighborhood church where all her friends were.We got there early and I got her a seat where her friends could see her as they came in.Then soon some of her friends came to the church and they rushed over to greet her and sit with her.‎ The candlelight service was beautiful and Alice got a lot of love from her old and new friends there.‎ The truth of the story is that I am the one who got the best gift: the smile on Alice’s face.‎ ‎1．The underlined word “dementia”in Paragraph 2 probably is________．‎ A．a house　　　　　　　　 B．a letter C．an illness D．a plan ‎2．Where did Alice spend her Christmas Eve according to the story?‎ 10‎ A．In her old house.‎ B．In her old neighborhood church.‎ C．In the nursing home.‎ D．In the hospital.‎ ‎3．What was the best gift that the author got on Christmas Eve?‎ A．The candlelight service.‎ B．Praise from Alice’s friends.‎ C．Alice’s happiness.‎ D．Thanks from Alice’s daughter.‎ ‎4．What is the best title for this passage?‎ A．A special candlelight Christmas Eve B．The dream of all old lonely ladies C．My special job D．The true love ‎【解题导语】　老人的女儿不能回来陪老人一起过圣诞节，作者便在平安夜带老人去有老人熟悉的朋友的老社区教堂，在那里，作者看到了老人脸上幸福的笑容，这也是作者得到的最好礼物。‎ ‎1．解析：选C。推理判断题。根据文章第二段中的“and so she had been in the hospital twice”可推断，此处表示老人生病了，住了两次院，故选C项。‎ ‎2．解析：选B。细节理解题。根据文章第五段中的第一句“Instead of taking her to my church，I took her to her old neighborhood church where all her friends were.”可知选B项。‎ ‎3．解析：选C。细节理解题。根据文章的最后一段“The truth of the story is that I am the one who got the best gift: the smile on Alice’s 10‎ ‎ face.”可知，作者得到的最好的礼物是Alice脸上的笑容，即她的快乐，故选C项。‎ ‎4．解析：选A。标题归纳题。本文讲述了作者帮助一位老人过了个特别的烛光平安夜的故事，故选A项。‎ E ‎(2017·西宁检测)‎ Even before my father left us, my mother had to go back to work to support our family. Once I came out of the kitchen，complaining，“Mom, I can’t peel potatoes. I have only one hand.”‎ Mom never looked up from sewing. “You get yourself into that kitchen and peel those potatoes，” she told me. “And don’t ever use that as an excuse for anything again！”‎ In the second grade, our teacher lined up my class on the playground and had each of us race across the monkey bars，swinging from one high steel rod to the next. When it was my turn, I shook my head. Some kids behind me laughed, and I went home crying.‎ That night I told Mom about it. She hugged me, and I__saw__her__“we’ll__see__about__that”__look. The next afternoon, she took me back to school. At the deserted playground, Mom looked carefully at the bars.‎ ‎“Now, pull up with your right arm，” she advised. She stood by as I struggled to lift myself with my right hand until I could hook the bar with my other elbow. Day after day we practiced，and she praised me for every rung I reached. I’ll never forget the next time, crossing the rungs, I looked down at the kids who were standing with their mouths open.‎ On night, after a dance at my new junior high, I lay in bed sobbing, and I could hear Mom come into my room. “Mom，” I said，weeping，“none of the boys would dance with me.”‎ For a long time, I didn’t hear anything. Then she said，“Oh, honey, someday you’ll be beating those boys off with a bat.” Her voice was faint and cracking. I peeked out from my covers to see tears running down her cheeks. Then I knew how much she suffered on my behalf. She had never let me see her tears.‎ 10‎ ‎1．From the passage, we know monkey bars can help a child train ________．‎ A．the skill to throw and catch things B．the speed of one’s hand movement C．the strength and skill to hang and sway D．the bodily skill to rotate round a bar ‎2．What does the sentence “I saw her‘we’ll see about that’look” imply?‎ A．Mom believed every aim could be achieved if you stuck to it.‎ B．The race across monkey bars was not difficult enough for a child to give up. ‎ C．Mom was determined to prove herself better than the teacher. ‎ D．What the child had said brought Mom great attraction and curiosity. ‎ ‎3．When the child looked down at the kids, they were standing with their mouths open because________．‎ A．they felt sorry for what they had done before B．they were afraid the author might fall off and get hurt C．they wanted to see what the author would do on the bars D．they were astonished to find the author’s progress ‎【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文 。“我”只有一只手，自小妈妈就鼓励“我”自立自强，在二年级时教“我”玩猴架，初中时“我”终于知道妈妈为“我”承受了多少痛苦。‎ ‎1．C　解析：细节理解题。根据第三段第一句可知，猴架可以训练孩子们的臂力和悬挂技能，故C项正确。‎ ‎2．A　解析：句意理解题。根据第四段第三、四句可知，母亲带着“我”来到学校，仔细研究猴架；结合第五段在母亲的指导和鼓励下“我”终于学会玩猴架的描述可以判断，该句表示，只要坚持，任何目标都能实现，故A项正确。‎ ‎3．D　解析：推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句可知，其他孩子看到“我”不会玩猴架时便嘲笑“我”；结合第五段“我”学会了玩猴架，看到了同学们张大的嘴巴可以判断，他们对“我”的进步感到惊讶，故D项正确。‎ 10‎