2019高考英语二轮(阅读理解)精品训练(07)及解析 9页

‎2019高考英语二轮（阅读理解）精品训练（07）及解析 ‎ （**********）‎ ‎ Let children learn to judge their own work. A child learn lng to talk does not learn by being corrected all the time: if cor rected too much, he will stop talking. He notices a thousand times a day the difference between the language he uses and the language those around him use. Bit by bit, he makes the necessary changes to make his language like other people's. In the same way, children learning to do all the other things they learn to do without being taught to walk, run, climb, whistle, ride a bicycle, compare (比较) their own performances with those of more skilled people, and slowly make the needed changes. But in school we never give a child a chance to find out his mistakes and correct them for himself. We do it all for him. We act as if we thought that he would never notice a mistake unless it was pointed out to him, or correct it unless he was made to. Let him work out, with the help of other children if he wants it, what this word says, what the answer is to that problem, whether this is a good way of saying or doing this or not.‎ If it is a matter of right answer, as it may be in mathemat ics or science, give him the answer book. Let him correct his own papers. Why should we teachers waste time to such routine work? Our job should be to help the child when he tells us that he can't find the way to get the right answer. Let the chil dren learn what all educated persons must some day learn, how to measure their own understanding, how to know what they know or do not know. ‎ ‎1. According to the passage, the best way for children to learn things is by_______‎ ‎ A. listening to skilled people's advice ‎ B. asking older people many questions ‎ C. making mistakes and having them corrected ‎ D. doing what other people do ‎ 答案：D 指导：儿童学习技能旳最佳方法是模仿他人所做旳事情，篇首以语言习得为例，说明儿童观察、模仿、运用旳系列过程. ‎ ‎2. Which of the following does the writer think teachers should NOT do?‎ ‎ A. Give children correct answers.‎ ‎ B. Allow children to make mistakes.‎ ‎ C. Point out children's mistakes to them.‎ ‎ D. Let children mark their own work. ‎ 答案：C 指导：文章论述教学中教师应引导儿童自我发现问题、解决问题，而不应该包办代替.A、B、D与文章观点不符.‎ ‎ 3. According to the writer, teachers in school should__________.‎ ‎ A. allow children to learn from each other ‎ B. point out children's mistakes whenever found ‎ C. correct children's mistakes as soon as possible ‎ D. give children more book knowledge ‎ 答案：A 指导：儿童应相互学习.根据文章中相关信息(见第一自然段末)即可判断正确答案.‎ ‎4. The passage suggests that learning to speak and learning to ride a bicycle are_________.‎ ‎ A. different from learning other skills ‎ B. the same as learning skills ‎ C. more important than other skills ‎ D. not really important skills 答案：B 指导：根据文章陈述旳观点，学习语言与学习骑车规律上是一致旳.‎ ‎5. The title of this passage could probably be__________.‎ ‎ A. Let Our Teachers Stop Work ‎ B. Let Us Make Children Leam ‎ C. Let Children Correct their Exercises ‎ D. Let Children Learn by Themselves 答案：D指导：主张儿童自学符合文章主题.‎ ‎********************************************************************结束 ‎ (A)‎ My father was a foreman of a sugar-cane plantation in Rio Piedras, Puerto Rico. My first job was to drive the oxen that ploughed the cane fields. I would walk behind an ox, guiding him with a broomstick. For $ ‎1 a day, I worked eight hours straight, with no food breaks.‎ It was very tedious work, but it prepared me for life and taught me many lasting lessons. Because the plantation owners were always watching us, I had to be on time every day and work as hard as I could. I’ve never been late for any job since. I also learned about being respectful and faithful to the people you work for. More important, I earned my pay; it never entered my mind to say I was sick just because I didn’t want to work.‎ I was only six years old, but I was doing a man’s job. Our family needed every dollar we could make because my father never earned more than $ ‎18 a week. Our home was a three-room wood shack with a dirty floor and no toilet. Nothing made me prouder than bringing home money to help my mother, father, two brothers and three sisters. This gave me self-esteem(自尊心), one of the most important things a person can have.‎ When I was seven, I got work at a golf course near our house. My job was to stand down the fairway and spot the balls as they landed, so the golfers could find them. Losing a ball meant you were fired, so I never missed one. Some nights I would lie in bed and dreamt of making thousands of dollars by playing golf and being able to buy a bicycle.‎ The more I dreamed, the more I thought. Why not? I made my first golf club out of guava limb(番石榴树枝) and a piece of pipe. Then I hammered an empty tin can into the shape of a ball. And finally I dug two small ‎ holes in the ground and hit the ball back and forth. I practiced with the same devotion and intensity. I learned working in the field — except now I was driving golf balls with club, not oxen with a broomstick.‎ ‎41. The writer’s first job was _______.‎ ‎　 A. to stand down the fairway at a golf course ‎ ‎　 B. to drive the oxen that ploughed the cane fields ‎ C. to watch over the sugar-cane plantation ‎　 D. to spot the balls as they landed so the golfers could find them ‎42. The writer learned that_______ from his first job.‎ ‎　A. he should work for those who he liked most ‎　B. he should work longer than what he was expected ‎　 C. he should never fail to say hello to his owner ‎　 D. he should be respectful and faithful to the people he worked for ‎43. _______ gave the writer self-esteem.‎ A. Having a family of eight people ‎ ‎　 B. Owning his own golf course ‎　 C. Bringing money back home to help the family ‎　 D. Helping his father with the work on the plantation ‎44. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?‎ ‎　 A. He wanted to be a successful golfer. ‎ ‎　B. He wanted to run a golf course near his house.‎ ‎　C. He was satisfied with the job he got on a plantation.‎ ‎　D. He wanted to make money by guiding oxen with a broomstick.‎ ‎ ‎ ‎(B)‎ You’re out to dinner. The food is delicious and the service is fine. You decide to leave a big fat tip. Why? The answer may not be as simple as you think.‎ Tipping, psychologists have found, is not just about service. Instead, studies have shown that tipping can be affected by psychological reactions to a series of different factors from the waiter’s choice of words, to how they carry themselves while taking orders, to the bill’s total. Even how much waiters remind customers of themselves can determine how much change they pocket by the end of the night.‎ ‎“Studies before have shown that mimicry (模仿) brings into positive feelings for the mimicker,” wrote Rick van Baaren, a social psychology professor. “These studies show that people who are being mimicked become more generous toward the person who mimics them.”‎ So Rick van Baaren divided 59 waiters into two groups. He requested that half serve with a phrase such as, “Coming up!” Those in the other half were instructed to repeat the orders and preferences back to the ‎ customers. Rick van Baaren then compared their take-home. The results were clear — it pays to mimic your customer. The copycat(模仿者) waiters earned almost double the amount of tips to the other group.‎ Leonard Green and Joel Myerson, psychologists at Washington University in St. Louis, found the generosity of a tipper may be limited by his bill. After research on the 1,000 tips left for waiters, cabdrivers, hair stylists, they found tip percentages in these three areas dropped as customers’ bills went up. In fact, tip percentages appear to plateau (达到稳定水平) when bills topped $100 and a bill for $200 made the worker gain no bigger percentage tip than a bill for $100.‎ ‎“That’s also a point of tipping,” Green says. “You have to give a little extra to the cab driver for being there to pick you up and something to the waiter for being there to serve you. If they weren’t there, you’d never get any service. So part of the idea of a tip is for just being there.”‎ ‎45. Apart from service, how many other factors affecting the customers’ tipping are mentioned in the passage?‎ A. 1. B. 2. C. 3. D. 4.‎ ‎46. These studies show that _________.‎ A. tipping can be affected by physical reactions to many different waiter’s factors B. people who are being mimicked usually tip less to the person who mimics them ‎ C. the mimic waiters can get almost twice as much money as the other group D. mimicry makes the mimicker feel bad ‎47. According to the passage, which of the following will be likely to show the right change of the tip percentages?‎ Tip ($)‎ ‎50 100 150 Bill ($)‎ ‎30‎ ‎20‎ ‎10‎ Tip ($)‎ ‎50 100 150 Bill ($)‎ ‎30‎ ‎20‎ ‎10‎ Tip ($)‎ ‎50 100 150 Bill ($)‎ ‎30‎ ‎20‎ ‎10‎ Tip ($)‎ ‎50 100 150 Bill ($)‎ ‎30‎ ‎20‎ ‎10‎ A B C D ‎48. We know from the passage that the writer seems to __________.‎ A. object to Mr. Green’s idea about tipping B. think part of Mr. Green’s explanation is reasonable C. give his generous tip to waiters very often D. support the opinions of Mr. Green and Rick van Baaren about tipping ‎ (C)‎ ‎ “BEST PRODUCT WE'VE EVER SEEN”－THIS REALLY WORKS－ON SALE NOW Need to lower your cholesterol（胆固醇）？We strongly recommend CholestrolblockTM. This really works, and now is the best time to buy，because of a special offer for the first 250 customers only for a limited time.‎ ‎ * Takes cholesterol out of food，no matter what you eat.‎ ‎ * Clinically demonstrated effective in university and hospital testing．‎ ‎ * Lowers cholesterol absorption up to 42% or more．‎ ‎* “NO SIDE EFFECTS unlike Liptor®, Zocor®，Crests®＆other commonly prescribed（处方旳） medications－safe and effective.‎ ‎ * “Outsells all other brands on Internet every month.‎ LIMITED TIME ONLY一Try Cholesterol Watchers free with purchase.‎ ‎49. If you happen to be the 200th customer to buy Cholesterolblock, you will .‎ A. be able to buy it at a low price B. be the luckiest one online ‎ C. try it free of charge D. change your diet ‎50. Liptor®, Zocor®, Crestor® are .‎ ‎ A. diseases B. side effects C. medicines D. cholesterol ‎51. CholestrolblockTM has the following advantages EXCEPT that _____________________. ‎ ‎ A. it helps take cholesterol out of whatever food you eat. ‎ ‎ B. it has been proved useful in hospital testing. ‎ ‎ C. it helps people absorb at least 42% cholesterol. ‎ ‎ D. it sells best on Internet every month. ‎ ‎52. Where can you most probably read this passage?‎ ‎ A．In a travel guide book. B．On a university bulletin board.‎ ‎ C．In a health magazine. D．In a doctor's prescription.‎ ‎(D)‎ Have you ever listened to young children talking in the playground? They are always boasting. They say things like, “My Dad’s car is bigger than your Dad’s,” and “My Mom is smarter than yours.” They ‎ particularly like to boast about their families.‎ There were three little boys, Harry, Ted and Gavin, who were always boasting. Gavin was the worst. Everything about his family was always the best or the biggest or the most expensive.‎ Whatever the others said, he could always go on better. One day when they were walking to school, Harry said, “My father had a bath twice a week,” Ted spoke next. “That’s nothing,” he said. “Having a bath twice a week is dirty. My father has a bath every day, sometimes twice a day.” Ted looked at Gavin. Now it was his turn. But what could he say? “This time,” Ted thought, “I’m going to win.” Gavin didn’t know what to say. He couldn’t say that his father had a bath three times a day. That was silly. He walked on in silence. Ted smiled at Harry, and Harry smiled back. They were sure that for once they had beaten Gavin. They reached the school gates. Still Gavin said nothing. “We’ve won,” Ted said to Harry, but he spoke too soon. On the way home, Gavin said, “My Dad is so clean that he doesn’t have to bathe at all.”‎ ‎53. According to the passage, the meaning of the word “boast” is __________.‎ A. to sing a nice song B. to talk big C. to go on better D. to have a bath three times a day ‎54. What did Harry boast about?‎ A. The number of times his father had a bath every week.‎ B. The size of the bathroom in his home.‎ C. His father’s car. D. His mother’s family.‎ ‎55. Why did Ted think that Harry’s father was dirty?‎ A. He had a bath every day. B. He had a bath only twice a week.‎ C. Ted’s father often had a bath twice a day. D. He never had a bath.‎ ‎56. What does “he spoke too soon” in the last paragraph mean?‎ A. He spoke quickly. B. He should have spoken earlier.‎ C. He was wrong. D. He couldn’t be understood.‎ ‎ (E)‎ From now on, never spend your precious time thinking of reasons for your failures and shortcomings. Instead, realize that the seeds of success were planted within you when you were born. Only you have the power to make those seeds grow.‎ The seeds, and the power to grow them, are contained in the most awesome machine ever created：the human mind. Success is a choice and not a chance. You were born a winner. You were born rich. You can be a success if only you make the right choice.‎ You cannot be successful without first developing your self-esteem.‎ ‎ Your level of self-esteem is always based on the degree of control that you are able to exercise over yourself, and thus over your life. People with low self-esteem are people who do not believe that they have any power, or responsibility for their lives. They are the perennial(长期旳) victims and martyrs. They are leaves tossed(摇摆) by the winds of chance blown about with any sudden change in the weather.‎ You can exercise control over your life only to the degree that you believe that you are responsible for everything that happens in your life. Failures think that everything happens by accident and chance. Successful people realize that they are responsible.‎ Everything happens as a result of something. If we can identify the cause, we can control the effect. We are responsible for what we choose to think and believe. One generally rises to the level that one expects. We are responsible for setting our expectations. Our success is dependent upon our level of confidence.‎ If you associate with positive-thinking people, you are definitely going to achieve success. On the contrary, the opposite happens. We are responsible for finding, planting, and nurturing the seeds that contain future victory, born from setbacks.‎ In short, in all areas of your life, whether they be financial, physical, emotional, or spiritual, you are responsible. Once you recognize this, accept it, and firmly believe it, you are on the road to success.‎ ‎57. People with low self-esteem are compared to leaves because they ______________ .‎ ‎ A. are ready to change their minds ‎ B. are easily affected by windy weather ‎ C. don’t have the power to face their fate ‎ D. can’t exercise control over themselves ‎58. It can be inferred from paragraph 5 that .‎ ‎ A. whether we will succeed depends on our attitudes ‎ B. developing confidence is the key to future success ‎ C. thoughts and beliefs are the result of creative mind ‎ D. setting our expectations is essential before taking action ‎59. The last paragraph serves as .‎ ‎ A. the proof of the author’s points ‎ B. the conclusion of the argument ‎ C. an introduction to another topic ‎ D. a comparison between two views ‎60. Which is the best title for the text?‎ ‎ A. Success is a choice. B. The secrets of success.‎ ‎ C. Develop our confidence. D. How to achieve success.‎ 参考答案 ‎41-44 CDBD 45-48 CBAC 49-52 DACB ‎ ‎53-56 DACC 57-60 ADBD ‎************************************************************结束 一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一