英语高考试题—广东卷解析 17页

‎2011年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试 (广东卷) A卷 英 语 Ⅰ. 语言知识及应用(共两节。满分35分) ‎ 第一节 完形填空(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分) ‎ 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从1~15各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 ‎ It has been argued by some that gifted children should be grouped in special classes. The 1 has been on the belief that in regular classes these children are held back in their intellectual (智力的) growth by 2 situation that has designed for the 3 children.‎ There can be little doubt that 4 classes can help the gifted children to graduate earlier and take their place in life sooner. However, to take these 5 out of the regular classes may create serious problems.‎ I observed a number of 6 children who were taken out of a special class and placed in a 7 class. In the special class, they showed little ability to use their own judgment, relying 8 on their teachers’ directions. In the regular class, having no worry about keeping up, they began to reflect 9 on many problems, some of which were not on the school program.‎ Many are concerned that gifted children become 10 and lose interest in learning. However this 11 is more often from parents and teachers than from students, and some of these 12 simply conclude that special classes should be set up for those who are 13 . Some top students do feel bored in class, but why they 14 so goes far beyond the work they have in school. Studies have shown that to be bored is to be anxious. The gifted child who is bored is an 15 child.‎ ‎1. A. principle B. theory C. arguments D. classification ‎2. A. designing B. grouping C. learning D. living ‎3. A. smart B. curious C. mature D. average ‎4. A. regular B. special C. small D. creative ‎5. A. children B. programs C. graduates D. designs ‎6. A. intelligent B. competent C. ordinary D. independent ‎7. A. separate B. regular C. new D. boring ‎8. A. specially B. slightly C. wrongly D. heavily ‎9. A, directly B. cleverly C. voluntarily D. quickly ‎10. A. doubted B. bored C. worried D. tired ‎11. A. concern B. conclusion C. reflection D. interest ‎12. A. students B. adults C. scholars D. teachers ‎13. A. talented B. worried C. learned D. interested ‎14. A. believe B. think C. say D. feel ‎15. A. outstanding B. intelligent C. anxious D. ordinary 原文出处http://sts.zju.edu.cn/english1/grade_b/unit5/unit8_text.html 1. 答案：C 解析：考查名词，运用原词重现方法。前一句提到了argued， 所以此处用argument. ‎ 2. 答案：C 解析：考查形容词，因为提到了regular class，说明这是和学习相关，所以此处用learning.‎ 3. 答案：D 解析：考查形容词，此句话的意思是“这个争论的依据是：在正常班级里，这些孩子的智力成长会受到这个专门为一般儿童设计的学习环境的影响。” average 此处意为一般的。‎ 4. 答案：B 解析：考查形容词，此两句话的意思是“毫无疑问，天才儿童的特别班可以帮助他们早点毕业，提前走向社会。但是，将这些学生从普通班里抽调出来，则可能对他们以及社会带来严重的问题。” special 意为特别的，与下文中的regular 相反。‎ 5. 答案：A 解析：考查名词，these children指代天才儿童。意思同上题。 ‎ 6. 答案：A 解析：考查形容词，运用同义复现的方法。此处只有intelligent 与gifted 对应。‎ 7. 答案：B 解析：考查形容词，此处答案可以从下文中的In the special class 和In regular class 得出。‎ 8. 答案：D 解析：考查副词，heavily ‎ 意为过分地。此句意为“在为天才儿童组织的特别学校里，这些孩子们很少有机会运用自己善于评论的判断力，相反，他们过分依赖老师的指导。” ‎ 1. 答案：C 解析：考查副词，voluntarily 意为自然地，此句意为“在步子较慢的学校里，这些学生不再为跟班犯愁，便很自然地对许多问题进行反复思考，有些甚至不属于学校课程之内。”‎ 2. 答案：B 解析：考查形容词，运用原词重现方法和同义重现方法。Lose interest 和bored 对应，以及后文中的” Some top students do feel bored”‎ 第二节 语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)‎ 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为16～25的相应位置上。‎ One Sunday morning in August I went to local music festival. I left it early because I had an appointment 16 (late) that day. My friends walked me to the bus stop and waited with me 17 the bus arrived. I got on the bus and found a seat near the back, and then I noticed a man 18 (sit) at the front. He 19 (pretend) that a tiger toy was real and giving it a voice. He must be 20 (mental) disabled.‎ Behind him were other people to 21 he was trying to talk, but after some minutes 22 walked away and sat near me, looking annoyed.‎ I didn’t want to be laughed at for talking to him but I didn’t like leaving him 23 his own either.‎ After a while I rose from my seat and walked to the front of the bus. I sat next to the man and introduced myself. We had 24 amazing conversation. He got off the bus before me and I felt very happy the rest of the way home.‎ I’m glad I made a choice. It made 25 of us feel good.‎ 原文出处：http://www.inspirational-short-stories.com/the-guy-in-the-bus.html 1. 答案：later 解析：考查形容词，later 意为较晚的。此题易错填为lately 或latly.‎ 2. 答案：until 解析：考查连词，until 直到……才，此句意为“我的朋友和我一起走到汽车站，一直等到汽车到来。”‎ 3. 答案：sitting 解析：考查非谓词动词中的分词，notice sb. doing sth. 注意到某人正在做某事。 此题易错填为siting .‎ 4. 答案：was pretending 解析：考查谓语动词的时态。根据后面的giving 以及and 连接词类及用法的一致性，不难得出答案。‎ 5. 答案：mentally 解析：考查副词。Mentally 修饰形容词disabled.‎ 6. 答案：who/whom 解析：考查连词。此句是定语从句，who/whom 在定语从名中作介词to 的宾语。‎ 7. 答案：they 解析：考查代词。此处的they 指代other people，从后面的looking annoyed，可以看出应该是other people，而不是he. 此题易错填为he. ‎ 8. 答案：on 解析：考查介词。 On one’s own 是固定搭配，意为“独自地”。此题易错题 by .‎ 9. 答案：an 解析：考查冠词。考查冠词的这个结构”a/an+形容词+单数可数名词” ，因为amazing 是以元音发音开头的，所以用an。此题易错题为a.‎ 1. 答案：both 解析：考查代词，both of us 两者都。 Ⅱ. 阅读 (共两节, 满分50分)‎ 第一节 阅读理解(共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分)‎ 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ A In the animal kingdom, weakness can bring about aggression in other animal. This sometimes happens with humans also. But I have found that my weakness brings out the kindness in people. I see it every day when people hold doors for me, pour cream into my coffee, or help me to put on my coat. And I have discovered that it makes them happy.‎ From my wheelchair experience, I see the best in people, but sometimes I feel sad because those who appear independent miss the kindness I see daily. They don’t get to see this soft side of others. Often, we try every way possible to avoid showing our weakness, which includes a lot of pretending. But only when we stop pretending we’re brave or strong do we allow people to show the kindness that’s in them.‎ Last month, when I was driving home on a busy highway, I began to feel unwell and drove more slowly than usual. People behind me began to get impatient and angry, with some speeding up alongside me, horning (按喇叭) or even shouting at me. At the moment I decided to do something I had never done in twenty-four years of driving. I put on the car flashlights and drove on at a really low speed.‎ No more angry shouts and no more horns!‎ When I put on my flashlights, I was saying to other drivers, “I have a problem here. I am weak and doing the best I can.” And everyone understood. Several times, I saw drivers who wanted to pass. They couldn’t get around me because of the stream of passing traffic. But instead of getting impatient and angry, they waited, knowing the driver in front of them was in some way weak.‎ Sometimes situations call for us to act strong and brave even when we don’t feel that way. But those are few and far between. More often, it would be better if we don’t pretend we feel strong when we feel weak or pretend that we are brave when we are scared.‎ ‎26. The author has discovered that people will feel happy when ______.‎ ‎ A. they offer their help ‎ B. they receive others’ help ‎ C. they feel others’ kindness ‎ D. they show their weakness ‎27. The author feels sad sometimes because ______.‎ ‎ A. he has a soft heart ‎ B. he relies much on others ‎ C. some people pretend to be kind ‎ D. some people fail to see the kindness in others ‎28. What did the other drivers do when they saw the flashlights?‎ A. They speed up to pass.‎ ‎ B. They waited with patience.‎ ‎ C. They tried their best to help.‎ ‎ D. They put on their flashlights too.‎ ‎29. In this passage, the author advises us to ______.‎ ‎ A. handle problems by ourselves ‎ B. accept help from others ‎ C. admit our weakness ‎ D. show our bravery ‎30. Which of the following is the best title for the passage?‎ ‎ A. A Wheelchair Experience.‎ ‎ B. Weakness and Kindness.‎ ‎ C. Weakness and Strength D. A Driving Experience 本文是一篇记叙文，讲叙作者对weakness思考，建议我们应该承认自己的软弱的一面。‎ 原文出处： http://www.temple.edu/ideal/sss/CertificateinDiversityFacilitation/documents/GettingBeyondAnaemicLoveJCSfinal.pdf ‎ ‎26. 答案：A ‎ ‎ 解析：细节理解题，根据第一段最后一句话“And I have discovered that it makes them happy.‎ ‎”及此句之前的内容可以得出答案。‎ ‎27. 答案：D 解析：细节理解题，根据第二段第一句话“but sometimes I feel sad because those who appear B Can dogs and cats live in perfect harmony in the same home? People who are thinking about adopting a dog as a friend for their cats are worried that they will fight. A recent research has found a new recipe of success. According to the study, if the cat is adopted before the dog, and if they are introduced when still young (less than 6 months for cats, a year for dogs), it is highly probable that the two pets will get along swimmingly. Two-thirds of the homes interviewed reported a positive relationship between their cat and dog.‎ However, it wasn’t all sweetness and light. There was a reported coldness between the cat and dog in 25% of the homes, while aggression and fighting were observed in 10% of the homes. One reason for this is probably that some of their body signals were just opposite. For example, when a cat turns its head away it signals aggression, while a dog doing the same signals submission.‎ In homes with cats and dogs living peacefully, researchers observed a surprising behaviour. They are learning how to talk each other’s language. It is a surprise that cats can learn how to talk ‘dog’, and dogs can learn how to talk ‘Cat’.‎ What’s interesting is that both cats and dogs have appeared to develop their intelligence. They can learn how to read each other’s body signals, suggesting that the two may have more in common than we previously suspected. Once familiar with each other’s presence and body ‎ language, cats and dogs can play together, greet each other nose to nose, and enjoy sleeping together on the sofa. They can easily share the same water bowl and in some cases groom (梳理) each other.‎ The significance of the research on cats and dogs may go beyond pets-to people who don’t get along, including neighbors, colleagues at work, and even world superpowers. If cats and dogs can learn to get along, surely people have a good chance.‎ ‎31. The underlined word swimmingly in Paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to ______.‎ ‎ A. early B. sweetly C. quickly D. smoothly ‎32. Some cats and dogs may fight when ______.‎ ‎ A. they are cold to each other ‎ B. they look away from each other ‎ C. they misunderstood each other’s signals ‎ D. they are introduced at an early age ‎33. What is found surprising about cats and dogs?‎ ‎ A. They eat and sleep each other.‎ ‎ B. They observe each other’s behaviors.‎ ‎ C. They learn to speak each other’s language.‎ ‎ D. They know something from each other’s voices.‎ ‎34. It is suggested in Paragraph 4 that cats and dogs ______.‎ ‎ A. have common interests ‎ B. are less different than was thought ‎ C. have a common body language ‎ D. are less intelligent than was expected ‎35. What can we human beings learn from cats and dogs?‎ ‎ A. We should learn to live in harmony.‎ ‎ B. We should know more about animals.‎ ‎ C. We should live in peace with animals.‎ ‎ D. We should learn more body languages.‎ 这是一篇说明文，通过对猫狗和平相处的研究，让我们知道，人类应该和谐相处。‎ 原文出处：http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/09/080908135916.htm ‎31. 答案：D 解析：词意猜测题。根据“A recent research has found a new recipe of success.”以及“Two-thirds of the homes interviewed reported a positive relationship between their cat and dog.”不难得出，此处应该是说猫和狗相处得很好，所以选D，意为“流畅地，顺利地”。此题易错选B，因为第二段第一句话中有sweet，但是“sweetness and light”意为“其乐融融”。‎ ‎32. 答案：C 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段“One reason for this is probably that some of their body signals were just opposite. For example, when a cat turns its head away it signals aggression, while a dog doing the same signals submission.”不难得出答案。‎ C ‎ A year after graduation, I was offered a position teaching a writing class. Teaching was a profession I had never seriously considered, though several of my stories had been published. I accepted the job without hesitation, as it would allow me to wear a tie and go by the name of Mr. Davis. My father went by the same name, and I liked to imagine people getting the two of us confused. “Wait a minute” someone might say, “are you talking about Mr. Davis the retired man, or Mr. Davis the respectable scholar?”‎ ‎ The position was offered at the last minute, and I was given two weeks to prepare, a period I spent searching for briefcase (公文包) and standing before my full-length mirror, repeating the words, “Hello, class. I’m Mr. Davis.” Sometimes I would give myself an aggressive voice. Sometimes I would sound experienced. But when the day eventually came, my nerves kicked in and the true Mr. Davis was there. I sounded not like a thoughtful professor, but rather a ‎ 12-year-old boy.‎ ‎ I arrived in the classroom with paper cards designed in the shape of maple leaves. I had cut them myself out of orange construction paper. I saw nine students along a long table. I handed out the cards, and the students wrote down their names and fastened them to their breast pockets as I required.‎ ‎ “All right then,” I said. “Okay, here we go.” Then I opened my briefcase and realized that I had never thought beyond this moment. I had been thinking that the students would be the first to talk, offering their thoughts and opinions on the events of the day. I had imagined that I would sit at the edge of the desk, overlooking a forests of hands. Every student would yell. “Calm down, you’ll all get your turn. One at a time, one at a time!”‎ ‎ A terrible silence ruled the room, and seeing no other opinions, I inspected the students to pull out their notebooks and write a brief essay related to the theme of deep disappointment.‎ ‎36. The author took the job to teach writing because ______.‎ ‎ A. he wanted to be expected ‎ B. he had written some storied ‎ C. he wanted to please his father ‎ D. he had dreamed of being a teacher ‎37. What can we learn about the author from Paragraph 2?‎ ‎ A. He would be aggressive in his first class.‎ ‎ B. He was well-prepared for his first class.‎ ‎ C. He got nervous upon the arrival of his first class.‎ ‎ D. He waited long for the arrival of his first class.‎ ‎38. Before he started his class, the author asked the students to ______.‎ ‎ A. write down their suggestions on the paper cards ‎ B. cut maple leaves out of the construction paper ‎ C. cut some cards out of the construction paper ‎ D. write down their names on the paper cards ‎39. What did the students do when the author started his class?‎ ‎ A. They began to talk.‎ ‎ B. They stayed silent.‎ ‎ C. They raised their hands.‎ ‎ D. They shouted to be heard.‎ ‎40. The author chose the composition topic probably because ______.‎ ‎ A. he got disappointed with his first class ‎ B. he had prepared the topic before class ‎ C. he wanted to calm down the students ‎ D. he thought it was an easy topic 这是一篇记叙文，描述作者第一天教学的经历。‎ ‎36 答案: A ‎ 解析: 细节理解题，根据第一段“I accepted the job without hesitation, as it would allow me to wear a tie and go by the name of Mr. Davis.”可以得出答案。‎ D ‎ In a world with limited land, water and other natural resources (资源), the harm from the traditional business model is on the rise. Actually, the past decades has seen more and more forests disappearing and globe becoming increasingly warm. People now realize that this unhealthy situation must be changed, and that we must be able to develop in sustainable (可持续的) ways. That means growth with low carbon or development of sustainable products. In other words, we should keep the earth healthy while using its supply of natural resources.‎ ‎ Today, sustainable development is a proper trend in many countries. According to a recent ‎ study, the global market for low-carbon energy will become three times bigger over the next decades. China, for example, has set its mind on leading that market, hoping to seize chances in the new round of the global energy revolution. It is now trying hard to make full use of wind and solar energy, and is spending a huge amount of money making electric cars and high-speed trains. In addition, we are also seeing great growth in the global markets for sustainable products such as palm oil (棕榈油)，which is produced without cutting down valuable rainforest. In recent years the markets for sustainable products have grown by more than 50%.‎ ‎ Governments can fully develop the potential of these new markets. First, they can set high targets for reducing carbon emissions (排放) and targets for saving and reusing energy. Besides, stronger arrangement of public resources like forests can also help to speed up the development. Finally, governments can avoid the huge expenses that are taking us in the wrong direction, and redirecting some of those expenses can accelerate the change from traditional model to a sustainable one.‎ The major challenge of this century is to find ways to meet the needs of growing population within the limits of this single planet. That is no small task, but it offers abundant new chances for sustainable product industries.‎ ‎41. The traditional business model is harmful because of all the following EXCEPT that ______.‎ ‎ A. It makes the world warmer ‎ B. it consumes natural resources ‎ C. it brings severe damage to forests ‎ D. it makes growth hard to continue ‎42. What can we infer from Paragraph 2?‎ ‎ A. China lacks wind and solar energy.‎ ‎ B. China is the leader of the low-carbon market.‎ ‎ C. High-speed trains are a low-carbon development.‎ ‎ D. Palm oil is made at the cost of valuable forests.‎ ‎43. To full develop the low-carbon markets, government can ______.‎ ‎ A. cut public expenses ‎ B. forbid carbon emission ‎ C. develop public resources ‎ D. encourage energy conservation ‎44. We can learn from the last paragraph that businesses have many chances to ______.‎ ‎ A. develop sustainable products ‎ B. explore new natural resources ‎ C. make full use of natural resources ‎ D. deal with the major challenge ‎45. What is the main purpose of the passage?‎ ‎ A. To introduce a new business model.‎ ‎ B. To compare two business models.‎ ‎ C. To predict a change of the global market.‎ ‎ D. To advocate sustainable development.‎ 这是一篇说明文，提倡低碳生活。‎ ‎41. 答案：B 解析：细节理解题，根据第一段的“Actually, the past decades has seen more and more forests disappearing and globe becoming increasingly warm”“ must be able to develop in sustainable ways”可以排除A、C、D选项。‎ ‎42. 答案：B 解析：推理判断题，根据第二段“China, for example, has set its mind on leading that market……”可以得出答案。‎ 第二节 信息匹配(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)‎ 阅读下列应用文及相关信息，并按照要求匹配信息。请在答题卡上将对应题号的相应选项字母涂黑。‎ 首先请阅读下列近期热播的国外影视作品的海报及提示性文字：‎ A. When it come to the essential story line, the movie is all about a bird traveling several thousand miles for the purpose of setting up a rare bird family.‎ B. Cracks explores the evil force developed within a closed society, the single-minded violence of the mob mentality, and the seductive charm of the heroine.‎ C. Eleven years after Sidney Prescott tangled with a mad killer, the Scream series has been exhumed. It was fun and breezy in 1996. In 2011, it’s about as fresh as the whiff. ‎ D. Soul surfer portrays the comeback spirit and faith of shark attack survivor and champion surfer Bethany Hamilton.‎ E. Although it is a better fantasy than a comedy, this movie never fully embraces either side of the dramatic types and ends up a bastard of mixed blood.‎ F. This movie is a richer and more compelling thriller involving a cat-and-mouse game than the average roller coaster ride into tension and misery. And it also has a “clean” ending.‎ 以下是这些影视作品的背景简介或故事梗概。请将相关背景简介或故事梗概与影视作品的海报及提示性文字匹配起来。‎ ‎46. Having spent most of her life in the worlds of Finland and toughened herself with half her teen years’ harsh training as a killer, she decides that she is ready to enter society. Her first mission is to kill Marissa, her mother’s killer. The plan goes much as expected, except the “Marissa” is an imposter. Hanna becomes the prey in a cat-and-mouse game with the real Marissa, causing tension and misery.‎ ‎47. Blu is a domesticated macaw from the jungles of South America. If Linda, his owner, brings him to Rio, the bird can mate the last female blue macaw and re-start the species. Blu’s encounter with his bride-to-be, Jewel, doesn’t go well, but the two aren’t given much time to get to know each other before a gang of bird-hunters spirits them away. Now it’s up to Blu and Jewel to escape the criminals.‎ ‎48. Perhaps surprisingly, it works reasonably well until the jokes get in the way, testifying to how durable fantasy clichés are. Yet, considering the talent involved on both sides of the camera, audiences may be expecting more. Even though it emerges from an uncrowded genre in which the competition is sparse, Your Highness is forgettable and it likely won’t take long before it is forgotten.‎ ‎49. The film begins with the heroine at age 13, already a champion surfer who has been winning trophies since she was 9. On an idyllic Hawaii day, she is practicing for next competition when a shark strikes, biting off her left arm. She makes a quick physical recovery and is back on her surfboard after several weeks, but her spiritual recovery is more complicated as she struggle to believe she can-and should- keep surfing. She goes out their and shows the world she can be a beacon for human soul.‎ ‎50. The Ghost Face Killer has chosen this year to emerge from the winter long sleep, and his targets appear to be Sidney and those few remaining family members. Scream 4 offers little more than a group of familiar characters wandering around a horror movie setting and uttering self-referential one-liners as the body count mounts. The story is thin and belabored ─ more an excuse to encounter old friends and revel in new gore than that “revision” promised by the promotional material.‎ Ⅲ. 写作(共两节，满分40分)‎ 第一节：基础写作 以下是一本图书的基本信息及相关报道 基本信息：‎ ‎⑴书名：Battle Hymn of the Tiger Mother ‎⑵作者：Amy Chua，美籍华人，耶鲁*大学教授 ‎⑶出版时间：2010年 ‎⑷内容：作者用中国传统方式教育两个女儿的故事 ‎⑸效应：引发中美教育方式孰优孰劣的讨论 相关报道：‎ ‎⑴中文版：2011年初开始在中国销售 ‎⑵意外反应：多数中国妈妈不赞同作者的做法 ‎⑶最新消息：17岁的大女儿已被哈佛**和耶鲁录取 ‎*耶鲁：Yale **哈佛：Harvard ‎[写作内容]‎ 根据以上信息写一篇图书介绍，内容包括：‎ ‎1.图书的基本信息 ‎2.图书的相关报道 ‎[写作要求]‎ 只能用5个句子表达全部内容 ‎[评分标准]‎ 句子结构准确，信息内容完整，篇章连贯 答案解析：‎ 第二节：读写任务 阅读下面短文，然后按要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文 When Sam first got to his boarding school with his parents, he was very happy. He thought he would be able to go home every weekend. When he was told he would not, he started crying because the thought of not seeing his parents was driving him crazy.‎ He was given uniforms and all other things that he would need for the term. He started crying when it was time for his parents to leave. He was then taken to the dorm, where he saw other children happy. He tried as much as he could to fit in but could not because his mind was at home. He started feeling homesick (想家) and wanted to go home as soon as possible.‎ He got sick soon because he could not eat the school food. He could not concentrate in the classroom. All he could think was being at home with his family. He had no mobile phone or other means to get in touch with his parents. He was angry and felt lonely. He thought his parents hated him and that was why they left him in a boarding school.‎ ‎[写作内容]‎ ‎ 1. 以约30个词概括上文的主要内容。‎ ‎2. 以约120个词讲述一次你（或你的朋友）想家的经历，内容包括：‎ ‎ ⑴时间、地点和起因；‎ ‎⑵想家给学习和生活带来的影响；‎ ‎⑶你（或你朋友）是如何应对的。‎ ‎[写作要求]‎ ‎ 1.作文中可以使用亲身经历或虚构的故事，也可以参照阅读材料的内容，但不得直接引用原文中的句子。‎ ‎ 2.作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称。‎ ‎[评分标准]‎ ‎ 概括准确，语言规范，内容合适，语篇连贯。‎ 答案解析：‎ 信息点：Because he can’t go home every weekend , Sam can fit in the boarding school. As a result ,he became so homesick that he can’t focus on the class and felt lonely. ‎ 经历主要描述高一入学时的情景，交代时间地点和起因。‎ 影响主要有不能集中精神学习，容易生病。‎ 在同学或老师的帮助下应对这个问题。‎