高考英语二轮复习与增分策略考前特训题型组合练十四 9页

只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 1 题型组合练(十四) Ⅰ.完形填空 (2017·山东实验中学诊断三) When the expedition was announced，I was only twenty and I had always dreamed of adventure.So it was with great 1 one morning in July 1914 that I read this advertisement： Men wanted for a 2 journey：small wages，bitter cold，months of complete darkness，and safe return uncertain.Honor and reward will 3 if it is successful. Sir Ernest Shackleton An expedition with the great Sir Ernest Shackleton to the South Pole—I was hooked！I was an amateur but I was young，fit and 4 .I secretly 5 aboard the ship，Endurance，in a small cupboard.Nobody found me 6 the ship had sailed and I was 7 badly from seasickness. 8 ，Shackleton seemed interested in my silly behavior and 9 the situation.He made me a steward to help cook twentyeight meals three times a day. On January 18,1915，the Endurance became 10 in pack ice as we approached Antarctica.The ice froze around us and we were well and truly stuck！The ship was 11 crushed in front of our eyes.I believed Shackleton must have mourned this 12 end to his expedition，but he did not waste time on 13 .Calling us calmly together， he made an urgent 14 that we must save only essential 15 before the ship sank，particularly the small boats，food，cooking equipment，candles，bedding and clothes.To show his 16 ，Shackleton threw some gold coins and his gold watch onto the ice.To my 17 ，he encouraged Hussey to bring his banjo，describing it as vital for keeping us cheerful. His perseverance 18 our complete faith in him.He was always honest with us and never gave 19 to disappointment.Our teamspirit 20 the morale of the crew and saved our lives. 语篇解读 作者回忆了自己跟随沙克尔顿船长到南极探险的故事。 1．A.excitement B．panic C．disappointment D．anxiety 答案 A 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 2 解析 根据文章首句中的“I had always dreamed of adventure”可推断，作者一直梦想去 探险，现在机遇来临，满心激动(excitement)。故选 A 项。panic 惶恐，惊恐；disappointment 失望，沮丧；anxiety 焦虑，不安。 2．A.fruitful B．respectable C．dangerous D．comfortable 答案 C 解析 根据空后对此次出行的描述“small wages，bitter cold，months of complete darkness，and safe return uncertain”可知，本次旅行是一次危险的(dangerous)探险之 旅。故选 C 项。fruitful 富有成效的，多产的；respectable 受人尊敬的，体面的；comfortable 舒适的。 3．A.pay off B．rise C．set up D．follow 答案 D 解析 根据语境，此处是说如果探险成功，荣誉和报酬会随之而来(follow)。pay off 付清 债务，取得成功；rise 上升，(数量)增加；set up 建立，安排。 4．A.greenhanded B．energetic C．sick D．absentminded 答案 B 解析 作者虽是业余爱好者，但觉得自己年轻、健康、精力充沛(energetic)。but 之后的内 容突出作者的优势，故 B 项符合语境。greenhanded 新手的；sick 生病的；absentminded 心不在焉的。 5．A.hid B．lived C．laid D．jumped 答案 A 解析 根据空前的 secretly 及下文中的“Nobody found me”可知，作者藏在船上的一个橱 柜里。hide 意为“把……藏起来，隐藏，藏身”，符合语境。故选 A 项。 6．A.unless B．until C．when D．in case 答案 B 解析 根据下文“Shackleton seemed interested in my silly behavior”可知，直到(until) 船起航后才有人发现了作者。故选 B 项。 7．A.recovering B．dating C．hearing D．suffering 答案 D 解析 此处 suffer from 与 seasickness 搭配，意为“受到晕船的折磨”，符合语境。故选 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 3 D 项。recover from 从……恢复；date from 始于；hear from 收到……的来信，从……处听 到。 8．A.Besides B．Furthermore C．Otherwise D．Anyhow 答案 D 解析 根据后文可知，船长让作者留了下来，因此，此处指不管怎样(anyhow)，沙克尔顿船 长似乎对作者愚蠢的行为感兴趣。故选 D 项。besides 此外，而且；furthermore 此外，更有 甚者；otherwise 否则。 9．A.changed B．made use of C．accepted D．talked about 答案 C 解析 根据下文他安排作者做一名服务员可知，沙克尔顿船长接受了(accept)这种状况。故 选 C 项。change 改变；make use of 利用；talk about 谈论。 10．A.stuck B．buried C．sunk D．abandoned 答案 A 解析 根据下句“The ice froze around us and we were well and truly stuck！”可知， 在靠近南极的时候，船被困在(be stuck in)浮冰里。故选 A 项。bury 埋葬；sink 沉没；abandon 抛弃。 11．A.frequently B．gradually C．unwillingly D．strangely 答案 B 解析 结合下句作者以为船长会对此感到痛心可知，船被困在浮冰里后，在他们眼前逐渐 (gradually)被压碎。故选 B 项。frequently 频繁地；unwillingly 不情愿地；strangely 奇 怪地。 12．A.unreliable B．unaccustomed C．unexpected D．unsuitable 答案 C 解析 船被困在浮冰里，逐渐被压碎是意外的(unexpected)结局。故选 C 项。unreliable 不 可靠的；unaccustomed 不习惯的，不寻常的；unsuitable 不合适的。 13．A.regrets B．preparations C．solutions D．passions 答案 A 解析 根据后文可知，船长呼吁大家行动起来，并没有放弃，且根据 mourned 也可知 A 项符 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 4 合语境，指船长并没有把时间浪费在表达遗憾(regret)上。preparation 准备；solution 解 决办法，解答；passion 激情，强烈的热爱。 14．A.appointment B．difference C．announcement D．mistake 答案 C 解析 根据空前的“Calling us calmly together”可知，船长镇定地把我们召集起来，发 布一个紧急通知(announcement)。故选 C 项。appointment 约定，约会，预约；difference 差别，差异；mistake 错误。 15．A.tools B．equipment C．instruments D．supplies 答案 D 解析 根据空后的“before the ship sank，particularly the small boats，food，cooking equipment，candles，bedding and clothes”可知，船长让大家在船沉没之前拯救那些必备 的供给品(supply)。故选 D 项。tool 工具；equipment 设备；instrument 仪器。 16．A.anger B．determination C．responsibility D．generosity 答案 B 解析 船长召集大家宣布只带生存必需品，故扔掉自己的一些金币和金表，以表自己的决心， 并作出表率。anger 愤怒；determination 决心；responsibility 责任；generosity 慷慨。故 选 B 项。 17．A.surprise B．delight C．satisfaction D．interest 答案 A 解析 船长扔掉了自己的财物，但却鼓励赫西带上他的班卓琴，对此作者感到惊讶 (surprise)。故选 A 项。delight 高兴，快乐，使人高兴的事；satisfaction 满足，满意； interest 兴趣。 18．A.ruined B．constructed C．won D．invited 答案 C 解析 他的坚持不懈赢得了(win)我们对他的完全信任。故选 C 项。ruin 毁坏，毁掉；construct 构成，建造；invite 邀请。 19．A.support B．permit C．information D．way 答案 D 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 5 解析 他总是和我们坦诚相待，从不让我们失望。give way to 意为“退步，让路”，此处 指从不为失望让路，也就是从不让我们失望。故选 D 项。support 支持；permit 许可； information 信息。 20．A.brought down B．contributed to C．took up D．set aside 答案 B 解析 根据语境，我们的团队精神是提升我们的士气和拯救我们的生命的原因。bring down 降低，击倒；contribute to 是……的促成因素，导致；take up 从事，占据；set aside 留 出，把……放置一旁，不理会。故选 B 项。 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 6 Ⅱ.语法填空 (2017·山西太原一模) A mouse，because of a(n) 21. (luck) chance，made close friends with an evil frog.One day，22. frog played a trick on the mouse by 23. (tie) a foot of the mouse to his own.At first，both of them joined together and the frog 24. (lead) his friend toward the pool in which he lived，and didn’t stop 25. he reached the side of the water.Then the frog suddenly jumped into the water and the mouse was pulled in with 26. (he)．The frog enjoyed the water and swam in it around，happily crying 27. if he had done a great deed.The unhappy mouse died soon in the water ， and his dead body floated around on the surface,28. (fasten) to the foot of the frog.A hawk saw the dead mouse，suddenly flew down towards it，caught it and flew away.The frog，still tied to the foot of the mouse，was also carried off as a 29. (prison)，and he 30. (eat) by the hawk. 语篇解读 本文为记叙文。作者讲述了一个有关老鼠和青蛙的故事，说明了一个道理，即 害人终害己。 21．答案 unlucky 解析 考查词的派生。设空处前为不定冠词，后为名词，由此可推断设空处应为形容词作定 语，根据语境可知这只老鼠运气不佳，故填 unlucky。 22．答案 the 解析 考查冠词。设空处后的名词 frog 被第二次提到，表示特指，故填定冠词 the。 23．答案 tying 解析 考查动名词。介词(by)后需用动名词形式作宾语，故填 tie 的动名词形式 tying。 24．答案 led 解析 考查动词的时态。根据上下文以及 and didn’t stop 可知设空处应该用一般过去时， 故填 led。 25．答案 until 解析 考查固定句型。本句使用了 not...until...句型，意为“直到……才……”。 26．答案 him 解析 考查代词。句意为：然后，那只青蛙突然跳进水里，那只老鼠也随之被拉进水里。介 词后需用代词的宾格形式，根据提示词 he 可知设空处填 him。 27．答案 as 解析 考查固定用法。句意为：青蛙享受着在池塘里游来游去，高兴地大叫，好像它做了一 件大事似的。as if 好像，此处引导方式状语从句。 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 7 28．答案 fastened 解析 考查非谓语动词作状语。his dead body 与 fasten 为逻辑上的被动关系，且此处表示 状态，故填过去分词形式 fastened。 29．答案 prisoner 解析 考查名词。根据设空处前的不定冠词可推知，设空处应为名词，故填 prisoner。 30．答案 was eaten 解析 考查动词的时态和语态。设空处讲的是过去的事情，故用一般过去时；he 与 eat 为被 动关系，故用被动语态。 Ⅲ.短文改错 (2017·河北唐山一模) Being a teacher is always believed to be one of greatest occupations，because teachers make great contributions for the world.Last week，I got a chance to experience teaching students.Our school asked us to teach some kids live in the countryside.The kids was so happy that they gave me a warm welcome.I teach them English and after class，we played games happily.We had a lot of funs together.When I returned back to school，I missed the students so much.They like me but some of them have kept in touch with me ever since.I felt so proudly of being a teacher. 答案 Being a teacher is always believed to be one of ∧ the greatest occupations，because teachers make great contributions for to the world.Last week，I got a chance to experience teaching students.Our school asked us me to teach some kids live living in the countryside.The kids was were so happy that they gave me a warm welcome.I teach taught them English and after class，we played games happily.We had a lot of funs fun together.When I returned back to school，I missed the students so much.They like me but and some of them have kept in touch with me ever since.I felt so proudly proud of being a teacher. 31．答案 在 of 后加 the 解析 考查冠词。形容词最高级前要加定冠词，故在 greatest 前加 the。 32．答案 for→to 解析 考查固定搭配。make contributions to 是固定搭配，意为“为……做出贡献”，故 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 8 将 for 改为 to。 33．答案 us→me 解析 考查代词。根据下文中的“they gave me a warm welcome”可知，此处指学校让“我” 教一些生活在乡下的孩子，asked 的宾语是“我”。故将 us 改为 me。 34．答案 live→living 解析 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，句子的谓语为 asked，因此 live 应用非谓语动 词形式；此处作定语，且逻辑主语 kids 与动词 live 之间为主动关系，用现在分词。故将 live 改为 living。 35．答案 was→were 解析 考查主谓一致。本句主语是复数名词 kids，谓语动词也应用复数形式。故将 was 改为 were。 36．答案 teach→taught 解析 考查动词的时态。根据下一分句中的时态提示词 played 可知，此处用一般过去时。故 将 teach 改为 taught。 37．答案 funs→fun 解析 考查名词的单复数。fun 是不可数名词，不用复数形式。故将 funs 改为 fun。 38．答案 删除 back 解析 考查固定用法。return＝come back，本句中 back 多余。故删除 back。 39．答案 but→and 解析 考查连词。句意为：他们喜欢我，而且自那以后，他们中的一些人一直和我保持联系。 根据句意可知，此处是递进关系，故将 but 改为 and。 40．答案 proudly→proud 解析 考查形容词。feel 是系动词，其后接形容词作表语，且 feel proud of...是固定搭配， 意为“为……感到骄傲”。故将 proudly 改为 proud。 Ⅳ.书面表达 (2017·福建泉州质检) 假定你是李华。请你代表班级写封邮件给下周四即将回国的外教 Johnson 先生，邀请他 参加 3 月 12 日晚上 7 点为感谢其出色的教学而举办的欢送晚会。 注意： 1．词数 100 左右； 2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3．邮件的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Mr Johnson， 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 9 Yours， Li Hua 参考范文 Dear Mr Johnson， I am Li Hua，monitor of Class 4. Knowing that you will return to your own country next Thursday，we have decided to hold a farewell party in your honor at 7 pm on March 12 in our classroom.I am writing on behalf of my class to invite you to come. We are very grateful for your putting in so much effort and being patient with us，from which we benefit a lot.What’s more，your kindness，humor and encouragement become our motivation of study，making English learning a kind of joy.Thank you so much! May we have the pleasure of your company？We are sincerely looking forward to your reply and attendance. Yours， Li Hua