【英语】2018届人教版必修5一轮复习：Unit2TheUnitedKingdom单元学案设计（24页含详细解释） 32页

‎2018届人教版必修5一轮复习：Unit 2The United Kingdom单元学案设计 单元话题写作　第一层级——背词汇、学写句，让作文有话可说 一、背词汇 ‎[常用词汇]‎ ‎(1)relationship n．　　　　 关系 ‎(2)strength n. 优点 ‎(3)duty n. 职责 ‎(4)spirit n. 精神 ‎(5)appearance n. 外表 ‎(6)weakness n. 缺点；弱点 ‎(7)admire v. 羡慕 ‎(8)introduce v. 介绍 ‎(9)avoid v．　　　　　　 避免 ‎(10)cease v. 停止 ‎(11)willing adj. 愿意的 ‎(12)positive adj. 积极的 ‎(13)negative adj. 消极的 ‎(14)sensitive adj. 敏感的 ‎(15)improper adj. 不恰当的 ‎(16)work with 与……共事 ‎(17)care about 关心 ‎(18)on purpose 有意地 ‎[亮点词汇]‎ ‎(1)treasure v．　　　　 珍惜；珍藏 ‎(2)cooperate v. 合作 ‎(3)apply v. 运用 ‎(4)considerate adj. 体贴的 ‎(5)consequently adv. 因此 ‎(6)be aware of 意识到 ‎(7)fit in 相适应，相融洽 ‎(8)get along/on with 与……相处，进展 ‎(9)be crazy about 对……狂热 ‎(10)be buried in 埋头于 二、学写句(按要求完成句子并背诵)‎ 我们很高兴能够彼此合作。‎ 结果，从这次经历，我知道了与人合作的重要性。‎ 变换句式 改写句子 We are happy to work with each other.(改 为感叹句) As a result， from this experience I learned it was important to work together with others.‎ Consequently,_from this experience I learned how_important_it_was_to_cooperate_with_others.‎ ‎　‎ 单元知识课前热身 ‎(Ⅰ)单词拼写 ‎1．There was a conflict (冲突) between the two sides; so they didn’t reach any agreement.‎ ‎2．He was unwilling (不乐意) to face the fact that he had failed the exam.‎ ‎3．We accomplished (完成) this difficult task ahead of time.‎ ‎4．When will the government clarify (澄清) its position on equal pay for women?‎ ‎5．The three countries found themselves united (统一) peacefully instead of by war.‎ ‎6．We are thrilled (激动) to hear the news that our class has won the game.‎ ‎7．Before starting the new service, the company carried out a nationwide (全国范围的) opinion poll.‎ ‎8．We spent the days sightseeing (观光) and the evenings sitting in the bars drinking the local wine.‎ ‎(Ⅱ)用所给词的适当形式填空 ‎1．What you’re saying now is not consistent (consist) with what you said last week.‎ ‎2．Their hospitality and warmness made his stay there enjoyable (enjoy)．‎ ‎3．The city’s bright lights, theatres, and films are attractions (attract) that are hard to avoid.‎ ‎4．The factory is well furnished (furnish) with modern equipment.‎ ‎5．I was delighted (delight) to hear the news of your success.‎ ‎6．With their wedding approaching, they are busy making good arrangements (arrange) for it.‎ ‎(Ⅲ)语境填词(用所给词的适当形式填空)‎ ‎1．You’ll find these meals quick and convenient to prepare. We provide these meals for the convenience of the customers. (convenient)‎ ‎2．Nothing is impossible;_the poster inspires you to make efforts to achieve your goals. That’s to say, it is possible to realize your dream if you work hard. Of course, there is also a possibility for you to fail even if you work rather hard. (possible)‎ ‎(Ⅰ)写出下列短语 ‎1．consist_of　　　　　　　 由……组成 ‎2．divide_..._into 把……分成 ‎3．refer_to 谈到；说到；参考；涉及 ‎4．break_away_(from) 挣脱(束缚)；脱离 ‎5．to_one’s_credit 为……带来荣誉；值得赞扬；在 ‎ ……名下 ‎6．leave_out 省去；遗漏；不考虑 ‎7．take_the_place_of 代替 ‎8．break_down (机器)损坏；破坏 ‎9．on_special_occasions 在特殊场合 ‎10．in_memory_of 纪念 ‎(Ⅱ)选用上述短语填空 ‎1．The professor has suddenly fallen ill. Who can take_the_place_of him to give the lecture?‎ ‎2．It is much to_her_credit that Mary continued to work in spite of all the difficulties.‎ ‎3．Under no condition will the Chinese allow Taiwan to break_away_from China.‎ ‎4．This word is wrongly spelt. You have left_out a letter.‎ ‎5．Your body will break_down sooner or later if you keep working like that.‎ ‎6．Some of the big old houses have been divided_into apartments.‎ ‎7．The town was named after Mr. Smith, in_memory_of his great contributions to its development.‎ ‎8．Our country is like a big family, consisting_of fiftysix nations.‎ ‎1．Worried about the time available, Zhang Pingyu had made a list of the sites she wanted to see in London.‎ 由于担心时间不够，张萍玉早就把她想要在伦敦参观的地点列了一张清单。‎ ‎[解读]　worried about ... 为过去分词短语作状语。‎ ‎[仿写]　在森林中迷了路，我们不得不待在原地等待帮助。‎ Lost_in_the_forest,_we had to remain where we were, waiting for help.‎ ‎2．It looked splendid when first built!‎ 刚建成的时候，它看起来真是金碧辉煌！‎ ‎[解读]　when first built是when it was first built的省略形式。‎ ‎[仿写]　如果被当选，经验丰富的布朗先生会成为一名优秀的经理。‎ If_chosen,_Mr. Brown, who is rich in experience, will turn out to be an excellent manager.‎ ‎3．It seemed strange that the man who had developed communism should have lived and died in London.‎ 这似乎是一件怪事：这位发展了共产主义的人竟然在伦敦生活过，并且在伦敦去世。‎ ‎[解读]　在It is strange/surprising/amazing that ...结构中，that 引导的主语从句的谓语动词常用虚拟语气，形式为“should＋动词原形”，should可以省略。‎ ‎[仿写]　奇怪的是举止那么好的绅士竟然对那位老太太无礼。‎ It is strange that the wellbehaved gentleman should_be_so_rude_to that lady.‎ 单元分板块学案 一、常考词汇细点拨 ‎1．convenience n．便利；方便；便利的事物；便利设施 ‎[教材原句]　England is the largest of the four countries, and for convenience it is divided roughly into three zones.‎ 英格兰是四个国家中最大的，为方便起见，它大体上分成三个区。‎ ‎(1)for convenience　　　　　　 为了方便起见 at one’s convenience 在某人方便的时候 convenience food/store 方便食品/便利店 ‎(2)convenient adj. 方便的；便利的 It is convenient for sb.to do sth.‎ ‎ 某人方便做某事 ‎(3)inconvenience n. 不方便；不便 inconvenient adj. 不方便的 ‎①Cars have become a popular means of transport, bringing great convenience to our life.(2011·江西高考书面表达)‎ 小汽车已经成为一种流行的交通方式，给我们的生活带来很多方便。‎ ‎②We hope to discuss business with you at your earliest convenience.‎ 我们希望尽早与你方洽谈业务。‎ ‎③Will it_be_convenient_for_you to chat with me on the Internet tonight?‎ 你今晚和我网上聊天方便吗？‎ ‎④If it is convenient to you today, please post the letter for me on your way home.‎ 今天你如果方便的话，请在回家的路上帮我把这封信寄出去。‎ ‎[名师指津]　convenient作表语时，不可用人作主语，而要用物作主语或用it作形式主语。“当你方便的时候”应翻译成when it is convenient for you，而不是when you are convenient。‎ ‎[链接高考]‎ ‎(2012·天津高考)The secretary arranged a(n) ________ time and place for the applicants to ‎ have an interview.‎ A．important　　　　　　 B．spare C．public D．convenient 解析：选D　考查形容词词义辨析。句意：秘书为参加面试的求职者安排了合适的时间和地点。convenient“便利的；方便的”，符合句意。‎ ‎2．attract vt.吸引；引起 ‎[高考佳句]　 In recent years, Nepal set out to attract foreign visitors to fund developments in health and education.(2013·江西高考阅读D)‎ 最近几年，尼泊尔开始吸引外国宾客为卫生和教育的发展提供资金。‎ ‎(1)attract one’s attention/mind ‎　　　　　　　 吸引某人的注意力 be attracted by 被……所吸引 attract sb.to sth. 吸引某人关注某事 ‎(2)attraction n. 有趣的东西；吸引人之物 have no/much attraction for sb.‎ ‎ 对某人不具有/很有吸引力 ‎(3)attractive adj. 有吸引力的；引起注意的；引起兴趣的 be attractive to 对……有吸引力 ‎①Attracted by the beauty of nature, the girl from London decided to spend another two days on the farm.‎ 被大自然的美所吸引，来自伦敦的小女孩决定再在农场住两天。‎ ‎②Unfortunately, her works did not attract much attention in the 1930s and 1940s, even in her home country.(2012·安徽高考阅读C)‎ 不幸的是，在20世纪三四十年代，她的作品甚至在她自己的国家也没有引起太多的关注。‎ ‎③Mount Tai is_attractive_to tourists for its beautiful scenery and historical sites.‎ 泰山的风景名胜和历史古迹对旅游者很有吸引力。‎ ‎[链接高考]‎ ‎(2010·江苏高考)Thousands of foreigners were ________ to the Shanghai World Expo the day it opened.‎ A．attended B．attained C．attracted D．attached 解析：选C　考查动词词义辨析。句意：在上海世博会开放当天，成千上万的外国人被吸引到此处。attract sb. to ...“把人吸引到……”，此处为其被动语态。attend“参加”，是及物动词，不必加to，而且要用主动形式，所以A项错误；attain“达到”，be attached to“附属于”，都不符合句意。‎ ‎3．arrange vt.筹备；安排；整理 ‎[高考佳句]　Parents arrange everything for their children and spare no effort to pave the way for their success.(2013·福建高考书面表达)‎ 父母为孩子准备一切，不遗余力地为他们的成功铺路。‎ ‎(1)arrange sth.for sb.　　　　　 为某人安排某事 arrange to do sth. 安排做某事 arrange for ... to do sth. 安排……做某事 arrange that ... 商定……；安排……‎ ‎(2)arrangement n. 安排；筹备 make arrangements for 安排好 ‎①The company will arrange for a taxi to meet you at the airport.‎ 公司将要安排出租车去机场接你。‎ ‎②The printers will arrange_to_distribute the books to every important city in the country.‎ 出版商们将设法把书发送到全国各个重要的城市。‎ ‎③If you are interested, please sign up at the office before 5：00 pm next Thursday so that we will make necessary arrangements.(辽宁高考书面表达)‎ 若感兴趣，请在下周四下午5点前到办公室签名，以便于我们做些必要的安排。‎ ‎4．delight n．快乐；高兴；喜悦vt.& vi.(使)高兴；(使)欣喜　‎ ‎[教材原句]　Her first delight was going to the Tower.‎ 她想最先参观的地方是伦敦塔。‎ ‎(1)delight sb.with sth.　　　　　 用某物使某人高兴 delight in (doing) sth. 以(做)某事为乐 ‎(2)take (great) delight in 以……为乐 with delight 高兴地；愉快地 to one’s delight 使某人高兴的是 ‎(3)delighted adj. 高兴的；快乐的 be delighted at/by 为某事而高兴 be delighted to do/in doing sth. 为做某事而高兴 ‎①What delighted the fans/made the fans delighted was that the young player performed extremely well in the table tennis tournament.(2011·湖北高考完成句子)‎ 令球迷欣喜的是那位年轻的球员在乒乓球锦标赛中表现得极为出色。‎ ‎②I am_delighted_by your newspaper’s decision to start a campaign for protecting the environment.‎ 你们的报纸决定要发起一项保护环境的运动，这让我很高兴。‎ ‎③He was delighted to hear that his son had been admitted to Beijing University.‎ 听说他的儿子被北京大学录取了，他很高兴。‎ 二、间考词汇自识记 ‎1．clarify vt.澄清；讲清楚；阐明 clarify one’s stand/position 阐明立场 There is no need to worry. I’ll clarify my stand at a proper time.‎ 没有必要担心，我将在合适的时候阐明我的立场。‎ ‎2．possibility n．可能(性)‎ There is (a) possibility that ...　　　　 可能……‎ There is no possibility that ... 不可能……‎ There is no possibility that he can finish the task in such a short time.‎ 他在这么短的时间内完成任务是没有可能的。‎ ‎———————————————————————————————‎ ‎……………………………………(记的更多、更快、更长久！)‎ 请根据提示写出除possibility之外以“ity”为后缀的名词 ‎1．ability n．　　　　　　 能力 ‎2．popularity n. 受欢迎；普及；流行 ‎3．personality n. 性格；个性；人格 ‎4．nationality n. 国籍；民族；族 ‎5．minority n. 少数民族；少数；少数派；少数人 ‎——————————————————————————————— ‎ ‎[单词对点集训]　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　‎ Ⅰ.多项选择 ‎1．(2014·湖北省八校联考)When asked to help her grandma with the housework, the girl________obeyed, staying in her room for a while before going out.‎ A．unwillingly　　　　　　　　 B．obviously C．immediately D．skillfully 解析：‎ 选A　考查副词辨析。句意：当这个女孩被要求去帮助奶奶做家务时，她勉强答应了，在自己的房间里待了一会儿才去。A项意为“勉强地；无奈地；迫不得已地”；B项意为“显然地；明显地”；C项意为“立刻；马上”；D项意为“技术好地；巧妙地”。‎ ‎2．(2014·鄂州一检)In class the teacher ________ the project finance in simple but vivid language to make it easier for us to understand.‎ A．undertook B．clarified C．approved D．submitted 解析：选B　考查动词辨析。句意：在课堂上，为了使我们更容易理解，老师用简单却生动的语言阐明了项目融资。undertake“承担”；clarify“阐明；澄清”；approve“赞成；批准”；submit“屈服；服从”。‎ ‎3．(2014·天门市、仙桃市、潜江市高三期末)His argument in the essay is not ________： some parts conflict with others.‎ A．consistent B．contradictory C．considerable D．controversial 解析：选A　考查形容词辨析。句意：他的观点在文章中不一致——某些部分与其他内容是冲突的。consistent意为“一致的；始终如一的”；contradictory意为“矛盾的”；considerable意为“值得考虑的”；controversial意为“有争议的；有争论的”。空格后的“some parts conflict with others”是关键信息，由此结合选项可知，consistent符合语境。‎ ‎4．As for me, I take great ________ in gardening, for my father is an advanced gardener.‎ A．delight B．surprise C．credit D．sightseeing 解析：选A　考查名词搭配辨析。句意：就我而言，我非常喜欢园艺，因为我父亲是一位高级园艺师。take delight in “乐于……；爱好……”，其他三项均无此搭配。‎ ‎5．(2014·湖北武汉模拟)The project is to educate teens on the rules of safe driving and the severe ________ that can result if those rules are not followed.‎ A．contribution B．arrangement C．consequence D．punishment 解析：选C　句意：这项计划旨在教育青少年一些安全驾驶的规则，‎ 以及不遵守这些规则所带来的严重后果。contribution“捐赠；投稿”；arrangement“安排”；consequence“后果；结果”；punishment“刑罚；惩罚”。‎ Ⅱ.多维演练(练得更细、更全、更彻底！)‎ ‎1．attract面面观 ‎(1)完成句子 The company is starting a new advertising campaign to_attract_new_customers_to_its_stores.‎ ‎(attract)‎ 这个公司正在发起新的广告行动，目的是吸引新顾客来它的商店。‎ ‎(2)用attract的适当形式填空 What attracts me most in Beijing is that there are many attractions,_like the Great Wall, the Summer Palace. They are so attractive as to attract eyes from every corner of the world.‎ ‎(3)The natural beauty of Jiuzhaigou ________ millions of tourists from all over the world every year.‎ A．catches B．attracts C．reminds D．seizes 解析：选B　句意：九寨沟的自然美景每年吸引上百万名来自世界各地的游客。attract意为“吸引”，符合句意。‎ ‎2．convenience多棱镜 ‎(1)一句多译 方便的话，我们希望你能接受我们的邀请。‎ ‎①We hope you will accept our invitation at_your_convenience.‎ ‎②We hope you will accept our invitation if_it_suits_your_convenience.‎ ‎③We hope you will accept our invitation whenever/if_it_is_convenient_for/to_you.‎ ‎(2)(2014·荆州调考)Seeing that the building was located near where I worked, we bought a ‎ flat for its ________， though it cost us a lot of money.‎ A．convenience B．value C．characteristic D．recognition 解析：选A　句意：考虑到该楼盘靠近我的工作单位，为了方便我们买了一套房子，尽管花费高一些。convenience“方便；便利”，符合语境。‎ ‎(3)If you have to catch the first bus every day, choose this hotel. It is very ________ for the station — it’s only a twominute walk.‎ A．accurate B．comfortable C．convenient D．constant 解析：选C　句意：如果你每天必须赶最早的公共汽车，就选这家宾馆。从这里去车站很方便——步行只用两分钟。be convenient for sth.“对……来说是方便的/容易到达的”。‎ ‎1．consist of由……组成 ‎[高考佳句]　The package consisted of a long, narrow box carefully wrapped in brown paper.(2012·浙江高考完形填空)‎ 包裹是一个很长很窄的用棕色纸很仔细地包着的盒子。‎ 　　　　　 由……组成 ‎(2)consist in ＝ lie in 存在于；在于 consist with 与……一致/相符 ‎(3)consistent adj. 相容的；一致的 be consistent with 和……一致/相符 ‎①Life consists of not only sunshine but also hard times.‎ 生活中不仅仅有阳光，也有艰难困苦的时候。‎ ‎②This medical teamfive doctors and ten nurses.‎ 这个医疗队由五名医生，十位护士组成。‎ ‎③If what you say is not consistent_with what you do, it will have a bad effect on your children.‎ 如果你言行不一，这将对你的孩子有不好的影响。‎ ‎2．divide ...into把……分成 ‎[教材原句]　England can be divided into three main areas.‎ 英国可以划分为三个主要地区。‎ ‎(be) divided by　　　　　　　　 被/以……除 divide sth. among/between ... 在……之间分配 ‎①As we all know, a year is divided into four seasons.‎ 众所周知，一年分四季。‎ ‎②As the work can be_divided_among several people, it can be done efficiently.‎ 因为工作可以由几个人共同分担，所以可以做得很有效率。[辨析比较]　divide ... into, separate ... from 试一试　选择上述短语填空 ‎③As we joined the big crowd, I got separated_from my friends.‎ ‎④The students in the class were divided_into four groups before they started the game.‎ ‎⑤England is separated_from_France by the English Channel.‎ 辨一辨 divide ... into常指把某个整体划分为若干部分 separate ... from表示“将……与……分开”，指把原来连在一起或靠近的分隔开来 ‎3．break down (机器)出故障；破坏；(谈判、希望、计划等)失败；破裂；(化学)分解；(身体)垮掉 ‎[经典例句]　It takes a long time to break down prejudices.(朗文P245)‎ 消除偏见需要很长时间。‎ ‎[一词多义]‎ 写出下列句中break down的含义 ‎①He had to pause from time to time to wipe the sweat from his forehead, because the airconditioning system broke down.(2012·陕西高考单项填空) 出故障；破坏 ‎②The peace talks broke down with no agreement reached. 会谈失败 ‎③His health broke down under the pressure of work. 垮掉 ‎④Plastic bags are difficult to break down. 分解 break away from　　　 脱离(政党)；打破(陈规、陋习)‎ break in 打断(谈话)；插嘴 break into 闯入 break off 打断；折断；中断 break out (战争，火灾等)爆发 break through 突破；穿透 break up 分散；拆散；驱散；(关系等)破裂 ‎⑤He broke off speaking to answer the cellphone.‎ 他中断讲话去接电话。‎ ‎⑥The police came and broke_up the crowds.‎ 警察来了，把人群驱散。‎ ‎[短语对点集训]　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　‎ Ⅰ.句型转换 ‎1．As we all know, the world is made up of seven continents and four oceans.‎ ‎→As we all know, the world consists of seven continents and four oceans.‎ ‎2．In order to hand out the books easily, we separate them into five parts.‎ ‎→The books are divided into five parts in order to be handed out easily.‎ ‎3．Mr. Smith will go to Beijing next month, when a new English teacher will teach us in place of him.‎ ‎→Mr. Smith will go to Beijing next month, when a new English teacher will take the place of him to teach us.‎ Ⅱ.多项选择 ‎1．(2014·咸宁高三调研)Though the suspect refused to admit that he had stolen the precious diamond at first, he ________ and admitted everything when he was shown the videotape.‎ A．broke off B．broke away C．broke down D．broke into 解析：选C　考查动词短语辨析。句意：尽管犯罪嫌疑人一开始拒绝承认偷了这颗贵重的钻石，但当他看到监控录像时他精神崩溃并承认了一切。根据句意可知，应选break down“(健康，精神)垮掉”。break off“中止；中断”；break away“强行逃脱”；break into“闯入”。‎ ‎2．(2014·潜江质量检测二)To my mind, the secret to happiness ________ your successful work and your contribution towards others’ happiness.‎ A．results in B．consists in C．brings in D．takes in 解析：选B　考查动词短语辨析。句意：在我看来，快乐的秘诀在于工作成功，并且帮助他人获得快乐。consist in表示“在于”，符合句意。result in“造成；导致”；bring in“引进”；take in“吸入；理解”。‎ ‎3．It couldn’t be worse. I got ________ from my 70yearold grandparents when we visited the Summer Palace yesterday.‎ A．divided B．separated C．removed D．moved 解析：选B　从couldn’t be worse“非常糟糕”可知，这里的意思是和七十岁的祖父母走散了，故用get separated。divide “分开；分割开”；separate“分开；隔离”；remove“除掉”；move“移动”。‎ ‎4．When copying the letter, pay special attention not to ______ any word.Otherwise, you will be scolded by the boss again.‎ A．leave alone B．leave out C．leave behind D．leave aside 解析：选B　句意：当你抄写书信的时候，特别注意不要漏掉任何单词。否则，老板又要批你了。leave out“漏掉”；leave alone“不管；不理”；leave behind“丢弃；留下”；leave aside“搁置；不考虑”。‎ It_seemed_strange_that_the man who had developed communism should_have_lived_‎ and_died in London.‎ 这似乎是一件怪事：这位发展了共产主义的人竟然在伦敦生活过，并且在伦敦去世。‎ ‎(1)在It is/was/seems/seemed strange (necessary, natural, important, a pity) that ...句型里，that引导的主语从句的谓语动词常用虚拟语气，形式为“should＋动词原形”，should可以省略。‎ ‎①It is strange that he (should) have done such silly things.‎ 真是奇怪，他竟然做出如此傻的事情。‎ ‎②It is important that we (should)_keep_calm when we are facing difficulties.‎ 重要的是，在面对困难时我们应保持冷静。‎ ‎(2)在It is/was suggested (ordered, required, desired, advocated, etc.) that ...句型中， that引导的主语从句用虚拟语气，形式为“should＋动词原形”，should可以省略。‎ ‎③It is advised that one (should) take plenty of boiled water.‎ 有人建议每个人都应多喝开水。‎ ‎④It is recommended that the plan (should) be delayed.‎ 有人建议推迟这次计划。‎ ‎[句型对点集训]　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　‎ Ⅰ.句型转换 ‎1．When it is completed, the museum will be open to the public next year.‎ ‎→When completed,_the museum will be open to the public next year.‎ ‎2．Because he was lost in thought, he almost ran into the car in front of him.‎ ‎→Lost in thought,_he almost ran into the car in front of him.‎ ‎3．People advocate that everyone should live a lowcarbon life.‎ ‎→It is advocated that everyone should live a lowcarbon life.‎ Ⅱ.完成句子 ‎1．(2014·武汉市高三调研)It_is_still_under_discussion whether the use of mobile phones should be forbidden in class.(discussion)‎ 是否应该禁止在课堂使用手机仍然在讨论中。‎ ‎2．It_is_very_important_that students develop the essential ability to look after themselves since young.(important)‎ 学生从小开始培养照顾自己的基本能力是很重要的。‎ ‎3．It has been suggested that special attention (should)_be_attached_to preschool education.(attach)‎ 有人建议应该特别关注学前教育。‎ ‎4．The three naughty boys, after being away from home for several days, went back home eventually with the help of the local policemen, tired_and_hungry.(hungry) ‎ 离家出走几天后，那三个顽皮的男孩最后在当地警方的帮助下，又累又饿地回到了家。‎ ‎5．When_(he_was)_asked_about the secret of his success, the famous director owed it to his wife and children.(ask)‎ 当被问到成功的秘诀时，这位著名的导演把他的成功归功于他的妻子和孩子们。‎ 过去分词作宾补 完成句子 ‎1．(2014·武汉调研) We are kept informed_of what is happening in the world by reading newspapers and watching TV.(inform)‎ 我们通过读报和看电视来了解世界上正在发生的事情。‎ ‎2．(2014·黄冈调研)Even with the_windows_shut,_I could hear birds singing outside.(shut)‎ 即使将窗户关上，我也听得见鸟儿在外面的欢叫声。‎ ‎3．With everything_packed_(up),_the soldiers who withdrew from the front couldn't wait to get home in no time.(pack)‎ 一切都打包好了，那些从前线撤离的士兵急切地想回家。‎ ‎4．We need to have_it_repaired at once as we want to use it in our experiment tomorrow.(have)‎ 我们需要马上修好它，因为明天做实验时我们要用到它。‎ 单元综合知识运用 Ⅰ.多项选择 ‎1．Our journey to Mount Emei was wonderful except that our car ________ twice on the way.‎ A．slowed down　　　　　　　 B．broke down C．got down D．put down 解析：选B　考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们去峨眉山的旅途除了车在路上坏过两次外一切顺利。break down“(汽车等)出故障”，符合句意。slow down“减速”；get down“记下”；put down“放下”。‎ ‎2．(2014·孝感高三质检)We are looking forward to seeing the policy carried out in our province, which has ________ a number of people’s attention recently.‎ A．attracted B．preserved C．expanded D．supported 解析：选A　句意：我们盼望着这项政策能在我们省实施，这事最近吸引了很多人的关注。attract“吸引”，符合句意。preserve “保护；维持”；expand “使变大；伸展”；support “支持；赞助”。‎ ‎3．(2014·湖北省八校联考)Somehow a date for the conference is still to be appointed.But ________，it was due on March 12th.‎ A．naturally B．originally C．roughly D．approximately 解析：选B　考查副词辨析。句意：不知怎么地，会议的日期还有待确定。但是，原定的日期是在3月12日。naturally“自然地”；originally“最初地；原始地”；roughly“粗鲁地”；approximately“大概地”。根据句意可知，答案选B。‎ ‎4．Ms.Green checked everything carefully before she left the hotel, making sure that nothing was ________.‎ A．left out B．picked out C．let out D．taken out 解析：选A　根据“checked everything carefully before she left the hotel”可知，这样做是为了确保没有东西被遗漏。leave out“遗漏”，符合句意。‎ ‎5．—Sorry, but I can’t visit you tomorrow.‎ ‎—I understand. Come whenever it is at your ________.‎ A．preference B．administration C．convenience D．service 解析：选C　at one’s convenience意为“在某人方便的时候”，符合语境。‎ ‎6．Smiling, more often than not, is a good way to avoid any possible ________ in our daily life.‎ A．explanation B．debate C．fault D．conflict 解析：选D　句意：通常微笑是一种在我们日常生活中避免任何可能出现的矛盾冲突的好办法。explanation“解释；说明”；debate“辩论；争论；辩论会”；fault“毛病；错误”；conflict“矛盾；冲突”。根据语境答案为D项。‎ ‎7．(2013·湖北七市4月联考)The recent study has shown that people’s attitudes towards protecting the environment are not ________ with their behavior in daily life.‎ A．consistent B．reliable C．satisfied D．enthusiastic 解析：选A　考查形容词词义辨析。句意：最近的研究已经表明，人们对环保的态度与他们日常生活中的行为不一致。consistent“始终如一的；大致的；坚持的”；reliable“可靠的；可信赖的”；satisfied“满意的”；enthusiastic“热情的；热心的”。结合选项及语境可知，consistent符合题意。‎ ‎8．(2014·黄冈中学模拟)She is a very unfriendly person and is never ready to help others. So it was not surprising that no one came to her ________ no matter how hard she cried for help.‎ A．assistance B．arrangement C．attendance D．adventure 解析：选A　考查名词词义辨析。句意：她是个不友善的人，从来不乐意帮助别人；不论她多么拼命地呼喊求助，都没有人来帮助她，这也就不足为奇了。come to one’s assistance“帮助某人”，与句意相符。‎ ‎9．The reason why they suggest we buy a new machine is that the old one has been damaged ________.‎ A．beyond reach B．beyond repair C．beyond control D．beyond description 解析：选B　句意：他们建议我们买一台新机器的原因是旧的那台已经损坏得无法修理了。beyond reach“无法到达”； beyond repair“无法修理”； beyond control“无法控制”； beyond description“无法描述”。结合语境可知应选B项。‎ ‎10．(2014·随州高三质检)Forty people got injured in a bus accident. Every ________ ambulance was rushed to the scene of the accident.‎ A．available B．enjoyable C．suitable D．acceptable 解析：选A　考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有四十个人在公交车事故中受伤。所有可用的救护车都赶往了事故现场。available“可以利用的”；enjoyable “愉快的”；suitable “合适的”；acceptable“可以接受的”。故选A。‎ Ⅱ.完成句子 ‎1．(2014·荆州调研)TV can not only keep us informed_of_what_is_going_on_throughout the world but also bring us various forms of entertainment.(inform)‎ 电视不仅能让我们了解世界上正在发生的事情，还能给我们带来各种各样的娱乐。‎ ‎2．The professor found, to his delight, his lab furnished_with a large screen.(furnish)‎ 这位教授高兴地看到他的实验室里安装了一个大银幕。‎ ‎3．(2012·湖北高考)With more_and_more_trees_(being)_cut_down,_some animals are facing the danger of dying out.(cut)‎ 由于越来越多的森林被砍伐，一些动物正面临着灭绝的危险。‎ ‎4．(2014·湖北省部分重点中学一联)He knows so much about this problem.He must_have_‎ referred_to a lot of books.(refer)‎ 他对于这个问题知道得这么多，他一定是翻阅了大量的书。‎ ‎5．It's_greatly_to_your_credit that you've overcome such great difficulty and accomplished the task ahead of time.(credit)‎ 你克服了如此大的困难，提前完成了任务，非常值得赞扬。‎ ‎6．The football team, which_consists_of/consisting_of 22 players and three coaches, was set up about 3 years ago.(consist)‎ 这支由22名球员和3名教练组成的足球队是约3年前成立的。‎ ‎7．What_delighted_us/made_us_delighted was that Wang Yaping, China's woman astronaut succeeded in giving a lecture to students while in orbit.(delight)‎ 令我们欣喜的是中国女航天员王亚平成功地给学生进行了在轨航天授课。‎ ‎8．It is proposed in the meeting that we_(should)_take_into_consideration_the possibility that the train might arrive late when we made the travel plan.(consideration)‎ 在会上有人提议：当我们制定旅游计划时，应该考虑火车晚点的可能性。‎ ‎9．It's not necessary for parents to_arrange_everything_for their children.(arrange)‎ 父母没有必要为孩子安排好一切。‎ ‎10．He was said_to_have_left_out a key figure in the financial report, which accounted for his being fired.(leave)‎ 据说他在财务报告中漏掉了一个重要数字，所以被开除了。‎ Ⅲ.阅读理解 A ‎(2014·宜昌质检)Apart from psychological illness, we are all largely responsible for our own emotional health. What we say to ourselves over and over for days, weeks, months, and sometimes years, has a great effect on how we see ourselves. This also contributes to many mental health disorders.‎ Many of us have problems with negative thoughts playing on the channel of our minds, but if you’re buried in them and believe them, they could be wearing your sense of selfesteem (自尊). Here are a few beliefs that indicate you may need to switch the channel: I’m not good enough? /I don’t deserve... ? /No one likes me? /I’m a failure?‎ Negative thoughts remind you of your bad feelings and they bring your focus on your failures, and they get you nowhere.‎ What can you do? Here are some suggestions：‎ Switch the channel when negative thoughts appear. Selftalk is not so obvious that we often don’t notice its effect on our mood and belief systems. Key things to notice are “if only” or “what if” statements: the former keeps you stuck in the past with regret, while the latter keeps you fearful of the future. There is nothing you can do about the past, and the future isn’t here yet, so stay in the present moment.‎ Recognize that actions always follow beliefs. You’ll find yourself behaving in ways that are consistent to your beliefs. So, start believing the best about yourself: act as if you believe that you’re a valuable and worthy person.‎ Develop positive selftalk rather than negative selftalk. Instead of always looking down upon yourself in your head, think of some things you actually like about yourself. What are your strengths? What are you good at? Instead of saying “I’m a loser”， try saying, “I am capable./I’m good at.../I accept myself the way I am.”‎ Thinking poorly about ourselves gets us nowhere and is extremely selflimiting. Decide today to turn off the negative selftalk channel in your mind and develop your true potential.‎ ‎1．From the first two paragraphs we can learn that ________.‎ A．lots of people have no sense of selfesteem B．focusing on negative thoughts may have bad effect on people C．negative thoughts will strengthen our sense of selfesteem D．few people have negative thoughts and mental problems 解析：选B　推理判断题。根据文章第一段中的“What we say to ourselves ... has a great effect on how we see ourselves. This also contributes to many mental health disorders.”以及第二段中的“Many of us have problems with negative thoughts playing on the channel of our minds”可以判断出，消极的思想会对人产生不利的影响，故答案为B。‎ ‎2．The underlined word “wearing” in Paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to “________”．‎ A．strengthening　　　　　　 B．protecting C．weakening D．replacing 解析：选C　词义猜测题。根据画线词前后的内容可知，这里指的是消极的思想可能会减弱人们的自尊感。故wearing在此与weakening的意思最接近，表示“减弱”。‎ ‎3．What do the suggestions in the text tell us?‎ A．Our beliefs always come after actions.‎ B．Positive selftalk does good to our mental health.‎ C．Looking down upon ourselves is a sign of modesty.‎ D．“What if” keeps you stuck in the past with regret.‎ 解析：选B　推理判断题。根据文章最后四段的内容可推知，积极的自我暗示对我们的心理有益，故B项正确。‎ ‎4．The text encourages us to________.‎ A．get rid of negative thoughts B．get anywhere we like C．think highly of others D．turn off the selftalk channel 解析：选A　推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章鼓励我们抛弃消极的思想。故答案为A。‎ B ‎(2014·黄冈适应性测试)As a language student there are several reasons why learning about cultural aspects is important and fun. One is interest. Knowing about the way people behave makes your reading more interesting. Another reason is usefulness. ‎ If you are going to have a conversation with native speakers of a language you learn, you need to know the sort of topics that interest them once you get past “Hello”. You need to know something about their favorite sports, the current (现时的) government of the country where the language is spoken, current fashions in clothes and outstanding national events in recent times, to mention a few. Showing that you know something about their country can lead to interesting conversations. ‎ The way people think is closely connected with language. Languages are one channel through which different cultures present their ideas both within themselves and in contact with others. The fact that a language does not have the same range of words as another language does not mean that they do not value those things as much.‎ Whether or not your main intention to learn a language is to learn about people’s cultural backgrounds or to deal with a degree course, you will be learning about it indirectly from various sources about culture like the coursebooks, films, the news, literature or even travel brochures (手册). You could make a long list just by thinking of all the things that are important to the culture such as customs that go back centuries, architecture, traditional ceremonies, the way people relate to each other in families, the value that are important to a society, the sense of humour that people share, movies, music and art. All these cultural aspects are important to language learners if they want to get a better understanding of the language itself.‎ 语篇解读：本文分析了为什么对于学语言的学生而言，学习这种语言的文化是非常重要的。‎ ‎5．Which of the following contributes to a conversation with native speakers?‎ A．Greeting them by saying “Hello”．‎ B．Talking about their religious beliefs.‎ C．Telling them about your favorite sports.‎ D．Mentioning interesting topics in their culture.‎ 解析：选D　推理判断题。根据第二段的内容可推知，谈论他们文化中的一些有趣的话题有助于你与当地人交流。‎ ‎6．What role does a language play in the culture?‎ A．It offers the same range of words as another language.‎ B．It is a channel through which people present their ideas.‎ C．It values people’s ideas and thoughts to a certain degree.‎ D．It deals with the relationship between thoughts and language.‎ 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“Languages are one channel through which different cultures present their ideas both within themselves and in contact with others.”可知，选B项。‎ ‎7．The last paragraph mainly deals with ________.‎ A．people’s main purpose to learn a foreign language B．the importance to learn about cultural backgrounds C．different cultural sources and main cultural aspects D．how people think and what is valued by a society 解析：选C　段落大意题。最后一段共有三句话：第一句列举了几种间接了解所学语言的文化的资源；第二句列举了所学语言的文化中一些重要的方面；第三句是对第二句的总结。故C项是该段的大意。‎ ‎8．What might be the best title for this passage?‎ A．What is a culture about B．Why do we learn culture C．What to learn in a culture D．How to learn about culture 解析：选B　标题归纳题。根据文章的中心句“As a language student there are several reasons why learning about cultural aspects is important and fun.”可知，应选B项。‎ 单元技能专题训练：个人情感与人际关系类 ‎[精读语篇](2013·山东高考阅读理解A)‎ Jimmy is an automotive mechanic, but he lost his job a few months ago.He has a good heart, but always feared applying for a new job.‎ One day, he gathered up all his strength and decided to attend a job interview.His appointment was at 10 am and it was already 8：30.While waiting for a bus to the office where he was supposed to be interviewed, he saw an elderly man wildly kicking the tyre of his car.Obviously there was something wrong with the car.Jimmy immediately went up to lend him a hand.When Jimmy finished working on the car, the old man asked him how much he should pay for the service.Jimmy said there was no need to pay him; he just helped someone in need, and he had to rush for an interview.Then the old man said, “Well, I could take you to the office for your interview.It’s the least I could do.Please.I insist.” Jimmy agreed.‎ Upon arrival, Jimmy found a long line of applicants waiting to be interviewed.Jimmy still had some grease on him after the car repair, but he did not have much time to wash it off or have a change of shirt.One by one, the applicants left the interviewer’s office with disappointed looks on their faces.Finally his name was called.The interviewer was sitting on a large chair facing the office window.Rocking the chair back and forth, he asked, “Do you really need to be interviewed？” Jimmy’s heart sank.“With the way I look now, how could I possibly pass this interview？” he thought to himself.‎ Then the interviewer turned the chair and to Jimmy’s surprise, it was the old man he helped earlier in the morning.It turned out he was the General Manager of the company.‎ ‎“Sorry I had to keep you waiting, but I was pretty sure I made the right decision to have you as part of our workforce before you even stepped into the office.I just know you’d be a trustworthy worker.Congratulations！” Jimmy sat down and they shared a cup of welldeserved coffee as he landed himself a new job.‎ ‎[题目试做](建议用时：8分钟)‎ ‎56．Why did Jimmy apply for a new job?‎ A．He was out of work.‎ B．He was bored with his job.‎ C．He wanted a higher position.‎ D．He hoped to find a better boss.‎ ‎57．What did Jimmy see on the way to the interview?‎ A．A friend’s car had a flat tyre.‎ B．A wild man was pushing a car.‎ C．A terrible car accident happened.‎ D．An old man’s car broke down.‎ ‎58．Why did the old man offer Jimmy a ride?‎ A．He was also to be interviewed.‎ B．He needed a travelling companion.‎ C．He always helped people in need.‎ D．He was thankful to Jimmy.‎ ‎59．How did Jimmy feel on hearing the interviewer’s question?‎ A．He was sorry for the other applicants.‎ B．There was no hope for him to get the job.‎ C．He regretted helping the old man.‎ D．The interviewer was very rude.‎ ‎60．What can we learn from Jimmy’s experience?‎ A．Where there’s a will, there’s a way.‎ B．A friend in need is a friend indeed.‎ C．Good is rewarded with good.‎ D．Two heads are better than one.‎ ‎[读文样板]‎ 一、理清文章脉络 吉米冒着求职面试迟到的危险去帮助一个老人修车，结果证明，他在帮助别人的同时，也帮助了自己。‎ 第一段：吉米的情况介绍。‎ 第二段：吉米在求职面试等车时帮助了一位老人修车，并搭乘老人的车去公司面试。‎ 第三至五段：吉米面试时发现老人便是那家公司的经理，并得到了那份工作。‎ 二、破解阅读障碍 ‎(一)怎样破解生僻词汇 ‎1．automotive adj.汽车的；自动的 破解方法：构词法。auto (自动的)＋motive (发动的)：能自动发动的或提供动力的即自动的或汽车的＝automotive ‎2．workforce n．劳动力；工人总数 破解方法：构词法。work (工作)＋force (力量)：能工作的力量即为劳动力＝workforce ‎3．land n．土地vt.成功得到，赢得 破解方法：熟词新义。由语境可知此处是指为自己“赢得”一份工作。‎ ‎(二)怎样破解长难句 译文：在等开往他就要去参加面试的公司的公共汽车时，他看到一位老年人正在狠狠地踢他自己的汽车轮胎。‎ 译文：‎ 抱歉，我让你久等了，但是我非常肯定我做出了正确的决定，那就是在你走进这个办公室之前我就决定让你成为我们员工中的一分子。‎ ‎[解题样板]‎ ‎56.吉米为何要找一份新工作？‎ 信息源 选项特征 A.他失业了。‎ 第一段第一句 合理推断 B.他讨厌他现在的工作。‎ 文中未提及 无中生有 C.他想要一份更高职位的工作。‎ 文中未提及 无中生有 D.他希望能找到一位更好的老板。‎ 文中未提及 无中生有 ‎[分析]　选A　根据第一段第一句中的“but he lost his job a few months ago”可知，吉米找工作是因为他失业了，所以选A。‎ ‎57.吉米在去面试的路上看到了什么？‎ 信息源 选项特征 A.一个朋友的车爆胎了。‎ 第二段 张冠李戴 B.一个疯子正在推他的车。‎ 第二段 曲解文意 C.一次可怕的车祸。‎ 文中未提及 无中生有 D.一位老人的车坏了。‎ 第二段第四句 合理推断 ‎[分析]　选D　根据第二段，尤其是其中的“While waiting for ...he saw an elderly man wildly kicking the tyre of his car.Obviously there was something wrong with the car.”可知，他看到一位老人的车出故障了。故选D。‎ ‎58.为何这个老人让吉米搭车？‎ 信息源 选项特征 A.他也要参加面试。‎ 文中未提及 无中生有 B.他需要一个旅伴。‎ 文中未提及 无中生有 C.他总是帮助需要帮助的人。‎ 第二段第六句 张冠李戴 D.他感谢吉米。‎ 第二段倒数第二句 合理推断 ‎[分析]　选D　根据第二段最后老人说的话“Well, I could take you to the office for your interview.It’s the least I could do.Please, I insist.”可知，老人这么做是为了感谢吉米的帮助。故选D。‎ ‎59.吉米在听到面试官的问题时有何感受？‎ 信息源 选项特征 A.他对其他参加面试者感到难过。‎ 第三段第三句 曲解文意 B.他没有希望得到这份工作。‎ 第三段第七句 合理推断 C.他后悔帮了那位老人。‎ 第二段第六句 曲解文意 D.面试官很粗鲁。‎ 文中未提及 无中生有 ‎[分析]　选B　根据第三段中的“Jimmy’s heart sank.’With the way I look now, how could I possibly pass this interview？’”可知，吉米觉得自己没有希望通过面试。所以选B。‎ ‎60.从吉米的经历中我们可以了解到什么？‎ 信息源 选项特征 A.有志者事竟成。‎ 全文 曲解文意 B.患难之交见真情。‎ 全文 曲解文意 C.好心有好报。‎ 最后一段 合理推断 D.两人智慧胜一人。‎ 全文 曲解文意 ‎[分析]　选C　从文中的故事来看，一个人帮助了另外一个陌生人，这个人本来并不需要什么回报，可是他最后却得到了这个陌生人的帮助，由此可以推出“好心有好报”这一结论。故选C。‎