高考英语一轮复习第1部分基础知识解读Unit2Healthyeating教师用书新人教版必修3 11页

只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 1 Unit 2 Healthy eating Ⅰ.写作单词——会拼写 1．diet n． 日常饮食 vi. 节食 2．lie n. 谎话；谎言 vi. 说谎 3．consult vt. 咨询；请教；商量 4．balance vt. 平衡；权衡 n. 天平；平衡 →balanced adj. 均衡的 5．curious adj. 好奇的 →curiosity n. 好奇心 →curiously adv. 好奇地 6．strong adj. 强壮的 →strength n. 强项；长处；力量 →strengthen vt. 加强 7．limit vt. 限制；限定 n. 界限；限度 →limited adj. 有限的 8．benefit n. 利益；好处 vt.& vi. 有益于；有助于；受益 →beneficial adj. 有益的 9．combine vt.& vi. (使)联合；(使)结合 →combination n. 结合；联合 10．weak adj. 虚弱的 →weaken v. 使变弱 →weakness n. 缺点；虚弱；弱点 Ⅱ.阅读单词——要识记 11．fry vt.&vi. 油煎；油炸 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 2 12．hostess n. 女主人；女主持人 13．raw adj. 生的；未加工的 14．discount n. 折扣 15．digest vi.&vt. 消化 n. 摘要；概要 16．debt n. 债；债务 17．glare vi. 怒目而视；闪耀 n. 怒视；炫目的光 18．spy vi.&vt. 窥探；秘密监视 n. 间谍；侦探 高频短语——会默写 1．lose weight 体重减轻；减肥 2．get away with 被放过；(做坏事)不受惩罚 3．tell a lie 说谎 4．earn one's living 谋生 5．in debt 欠债 6．cut down 削减；删节 7．win...back 赢回；重新获得 8．spy on 暗中监视；侦查 9．before long 不久以后 10．put on weight 增加体重 教材原句——会背诵 句式仿写——能应用 1.“Nothing could be better，”he thought. (否定词与比较级连用表达最高级的含义) 1.就我个人而言，努力学习最重要。 As far as I'm concerned，nothing is more important than studying hard. 2.He could not have Yong Hui getting away with telling people lies！ (have sb.doing sth.用于否定句中表示“不 允许某人做某事”) 2.我不允许你反复犯同样的错误。 I won't have you making the same mistake again and again. 3.According to my research，neither your restaurant nor mine offers a balanced 3.我们的学校位于美丽的天津城，在秋 天，既不太热也不太冷。 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 3 diet... (neither...nor...既不……也不……) Our school lies in Tianjin City， which is beautiful.In autumn，it is neither too hot nor too cold. 4.Why don't you sit down and try a meal？ (Why don't you do...为什么不……呢？) 4.你为何不脱下衣服拿去洗呢？ Why don't you take off your clothes and have them washed？ 精讲 6 个考纲单词 balance n. 天平；平衡；余额 v.平衡；权衡 [ 高 考 佳 句 ] These local citizens now have to balance their traditional selfsupporting hunting lifestyle with the lifestyle offered by the modern French Republic.(2016 年四川高考·阅读理解) 这些当地居民现在必须平衡自己传统自给的狩猎生活方式与法兰西共和国提供的现代 生活方式。 (1)keep the balance of nature 保持生态平衡 keep one's balance 保持平衡 lose one's balance 失去平衡 (2)balance A against B 权衡/比较 A 和 B (3)balanced adj. 平衡的 keep/have/eat a balanced diet 保持均衡的饮食 ①When he was running after his brother, the boy lost his balance and had a bad fall.(2015 年湖北高考·多项选择)当这个男孩追赶他弟弟的时候，他失去了平衡，狠 狠地摔了一跤。 ②You have to balance the advantages of living in the countryside against the disadvantages. 你得权衡一下住在乡下的好处和坏处。 ③You'd better keep a balanced(balance) diet for the benefit of your health. 为了有益于身体健康你最好均衡饮食。 lie v．说谎；躺下；位于 n．谎言 [高考佳句] Probably the worst type of gossip is the absolute lie.(2016 年浙 江高考·阅读理解) 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 4 很可能最严重的流言形式是彻底的谎言。 (1)tell a lie/lies 撒谎 a white lie 一个善意的谎言 (2)lie to sb. 向某人撒谎 lie in 在于…… ①My mother won't have me lying to her no matter what happens. 不论发生什么，我母亲不允许我向她说谎。 ②At the top of the hill lies(lie) an old temple dating back to the Ming Dynasty. 山顶上有一个追溯至明朝的古老寺庙。 [名师点津] (注意以下词性变化) 原形 词义 词性 过去式 过去分词 现在分词 lie 说谎 不及物 lied lied lying lie 躺；位于 不及物 lay lain lying lay 放置；下蛋 及物 laid laid laying ③The man lying lied that he had laid the money on the table. 躺着的那个人撒谎说他已经把钱放在桌子上了。 limit vt. 限制；限定 n.界限；限度 [经典例句] A lack of formal education will limit your job opportunities.(朗 文辞典) 没有接受过正规教育会限制你的就业机会。 (1)limit...to 限定在……范围内 (2)set a limit to 限定范围在…… there is a/no limit to 对……是有限/无限的 (3)limited adj. 有限的 be limited to 受限于…… ① Life is limited，but there is no limit to serving the people. 人的生命是有限的，但是为人民服务是无限的。 ②He was born in a poor family，and only received limited(limit)education in his childhood.(浙江高考·书面表达)他出生在一个贫困家庭中，童年时期仅仅接受了有限 的教育。 strength n．[C]长处；强项[U]力量；体力 [ 高 考 佳 句 ] Besides, Chinese has always been my strength among all the subjects.(2015 年四川高考·书面表达)此外，中文一直是我所有课程中的强项。 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 5 (1)build up one's strength/body 强身健体 strengths and weaknesses 优点和缺点 The strength of...is that... ……的优点是…… (2)strengthen vt.& vi. 加强 ①To make members of a team perform better，the trainer first of all has to know their strengths(strong)and weaknesses.(湖北高考·多项选择) 为了使队员在比赛中表现得更好，教练首先要了解他们的优势和劣势。 ②As far as I know，repairs are necessary to strengthen(strength)the bridge. 据我所知，这座桥需要加固。 benefit n．好处；利益；优势 vt.& vi.有益于；有助于；受益 [教材原句] I don't want to upset you, but I found your menu so limited that I stopped worrying and started advertising the benefits of my food.我不想让你心 烦，不过我发现你菜谱上的菜太少了，所以我也就不着急了，我也开始宣传我餐馆的食物的 好处。 (1)benefit from/by... 从……中受益；得益于…… benefit sb. 对某人有益 (2)be of(great)benefit to sb. ＝be(very)beneficial to sb. 对某人(非常)有益处 for the benefit of... 为了……的利益 ① When you help the other classmates，you can also revise the knowledge at the same time and you are sure to benefit from it. (2015 年广东高考·读写任务)当你帮 助其他同学时，同时你也复习了知识，你一定从中获益。 ②Some students think labour education will be of great benefit for their health， enabling them to be welldeveloped.(2017 年江西重点中学盟校模拟·书面表达)一些学 生认为劳动教育很有助于身体健康，使他们全面发展。 consult vt.咨询；请教；商量；查询 [高考佳句] If you have any doubts about your health，you'd better consult your doctor at once.(2015 年天津高考·单项填空)如果你对自己的健康有任何疑问，最好马上 咨询你的医生。 (1)consult sb.about sth. 请教某人某事 consult with sb. 和某人商量/与某人磋商 (2)consult the dictionary 查字典 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 6 refer to the dictionary 查字典 ①The teacher advised us not to consult the dictionary for every new word. 老师建议我们不要每个生词都查词典。 ②The doctor consulted with his colleagues about the operation on the patient. 医生和他的同事商量有关给病人做手术的问题。 [链接写作] 句式升级 ①After Iconsulted my teacher(咨询老师)I made up my mind to major in English. ②Having consulted my teacher，I made up my mind to major in English.(把①升 级为分词作状语) 诠释 2 个核心短语 get away with 受到从轻发落；(做坏事)不受惩罚 [经典例句] The child ought to be punished.You shouldn't let him get away with telling lies！这个孩子应当受到处罚。你不应该对他撒谎不进行处罚！ get across(to sb.) (向某人)解释清楚；使(某人)了解 get away(from) (从……)脱离；逃脱(……) get along/on with 与……相处；进展 get down to(doing) sth. 开始认真地做某事 get over 克服(困难)；从……中恢复过来 get through 完成；接通电话；通过 ①It took a long time to get across to the workers the way the machine worked. 向工人们解释清楚这台机器的工作原理花了很长的时间。 ②As we all know，our friends lend us a helping hand when we need help and they help us get through difficult situations.(2014 年重庆高考·写作) 众所周知，当我们需要帮助时我们的朋友会帮我们一把，他们帮我们渡过难关。 ③If we can get over present difficulties, then everything should be all right. 如果我们能克服目前的困难，那么一切都应该会好起来。 【导学号：30892064】 cut down 削减；删节；降低(减少)；砍倒；改小或缩短(衣服等)；夺去生命 [一词多义] 写出下列句子中 cut down 的词义 ①My uncle hasn't been able to quit smoking，but at least he has cut down. 减少；削减 ②With more and more forests cut down，some animals are facing the danger of dying out.砍倒 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 7 ③Hunger，cold and illness cut down many of the villagers.杀死；夺去生命 cut in 插话；让某人分享利润 cut up 切碎；齐根切掉 cut out 删除 cut through 开辟 cut off 切断；中止；隔绝；剥夺继承权 ④I'd feel very cut off if I didn't know what was happening in the world.如 果我不知道外面世界发生了什么，我就会感觉与外面隔绝了。 突破 2 个高考句型 (教材 P10)“Nothing could be better，”he thought. 他想：“再没有比这些更好吃的了。” 本句中否定词 nothing 与比较级 better 连用，表示最高级的含义。 表示最高级意义的几种特殊结构： (1)否定词＋比较级“没有比……更……；没有像……一样……”，常用的否定词有 no， not，never，nothing，nobody，hardly 等 (2)can/could＋never/not＋...＋ 形容词/副词 enough too＋形容词/副词 ①Mr.Stevenson is great to work for—I really couldn't ask for a better boss. 为史蒂文森先生工作真好——我实在找不到比他更好的老板了。 ②It was not until then that I suddenly realized nobody was happier(happy)than I was. 直到那时我突然意识到没有人比我更幸福了。 ③As far as I am concerned，nothing is more pleasant than travelling. 在我看来，没有什么比旅行更令人愉快的了。 (教材 P10)He could not have Yong Hui getting away with telling people lies! 他可不能让雍慧哄骗人们后跑掉！ can't have sb.doing sth.意为“不允许某人做某事”，have sb.doing 用于否定句时， have 表示“容忍”之意。 have 的其他用法： have sb./sth.doing sth. 让某人做某事/让某事发生(动作持续)(肯定 句) have sb.do sth. 让某人做某事 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 8 have sth.done 让别人做某事；完成某事；遭遇不幸的事 have sth.to do 有事情要做(不定式作定语) ①I can't have you speaking(speak)to your mother in a rude manner.You must apologize to her immediately.我不允许你用那种粗鲁的方式跟你的母亲说话。你必须立 刻向她道歉。 ②He was very funny and had us laughing (laugh)all the way.他非常滑稽，一路 上逗得我们笑个不停。 ③—Can you go to watch the football match with me tonight？今天晚上你和我一 起去看足球赛好吗？ —Sorry，but I have an important meeting to attend(attend)．对不起，我有个重 要的会议要参加。 [多角快练]——练单词 练短语 练句型———————————— 基础考点全面练 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．The doctor told Bob his heart was in poor condition and that he must cut on alcohol and smoking. 2．Neither you nor I (be) satisfied with the result of the experiment. 3．Being a good teacher, you should know your students' strengths and (weak)． 4．If you spend time (balance) advantages and disadvantages，you may get nothing in the end. 【导学号：30892065】 5．Wang Peng tried to win back his former customers a low discount. 【答案】 1.down 2.am 3.weaknesses 4.balancing 5.with Ⅱ.单句改错 1．China today is no longer that what she used to be thirty years ago. 2—What do you think of the concert? —I have never seen a more better one. 3．As we all know，there is no limit to help the people in trouble. 4．It's unfair that he gets away from cheating because he's a famous author. 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 9 5．Mary has been on the diet for weeks but still hasn't lost any weight. 【答案】 1.去掉 that 2.去掉 more 3.help→helping 4.from→with 5.the→a 重难考点多维练 1．benefit“益处”多 (1)单句语法填空 ①As we all know, books are the source of knowledge， which I benefit a lot. ②China has been pushing the reform of public hospital the benefit of all its citizens. ③ (benefit) from the teacher's help，Li Ping has made great progress in his English study. (2)一句多译 我个人看来，图书馆应该购买一些科普类图书和文学类图书，因为它们对我们很有益。 ④From my point of view，our library should buy some popular science books and literary books because ．(benefit n．) ⑤From my point of view，our library should buy some popular science books and literary books because ．(beneficial) 【答案】 ①from ②for ③Having benefited ④they are of great benefit to us ⑤they are very beneficial to us 2．have 句型全接触 (1)用所给词的适当形式填空 ①As a responsible teacher, he can't have any of his students (cheat) in the exam. ②I can't go to the cinema with you because I have a lot of homework (finish)． ③Every year, Tom remembers to have some flowers (send) to his mother on her birthday. 【导学号：30892066】 ④He worked late last night to finish the work, having his computer (work) all night. (2)补全句子 ⑤The teacher (不能容忍他的学生上课迟到)． ⑥Unfortunately，my brother (摔伤了腿) in the accident. 【导学号：30892067】 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 10 【 答 案 】 ①cheating ②to finish ③sent ④working ⑤won't have his students being late for class ⑥had his legs hurt Ⅰ.课文短文改错 根据 P14－15 课文内容，对下面材料进行修改。文中共有 10 处语言错误，每句中最多有两 处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。 Finally, Yong Hui and Wang Peng could began to talk about menus and balanced diets in the peace.They found neither of their restaurants offer a balanced diet. So they decided to combine our ideas and provide a balanced menu with food full with energy and fibre. Their balanced diets became such success that before long Wang Peng became much slim and Yong Hui put on more weight. After some time the two found that their business cooperation has turned into a personally one. At last they got married and lived happy ever after. 【 答 案 】 1. 第 一 句 的 began→begin 2. 第 一 句 的 去 掉 the 3. 第 二 句 的 offer→offered 4.第三句的 our →their 5.第三句的第二个 with→of 或 full→filled 6.第四句的 such 后加 a 7.第四句的 slim→slimmer 8.第五句的 has→had 9.第五句的 personally→personal 10.第六句的 happy→happily Ⅱ.高考话题微写作 根据提示，运用本单元所学知识完成下面小作文。 1．众所周知，健康最重要。(nothing is more precious than) 2．在日常生活中，保持工作和娱乐相平衡是重要的。(keep the balance between work and pleasure) 3．与此同时，均衡饮食和有规律地锻炼有助于我们身心健康。(a balanced diet；keep fit both physically and mentally) 4．除此之外，不要吃富含糖类和脂肪的食物，它们会很容易让你长胖。(contain；put on weight) 5．为了健康，充分的休息是必要的。(for the benefit of) 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 11 【参考范文】 As we all know，nothing is more precious than health.In our daily life，it is important to keep the balance between work and pleasure.Meanwhile，a balanced diet and regular exercise can help us keep fit both physically and mentally.Besides， don't eat food containing too much sugar and fat，which will make you put on weight easily.For the benefit of our health，we should have enough sleep.