2016年北京市西城区高三二模试卷英语 14页

2016 年北京市西城区高三二模试卷英语 第一部分：听力理解（共三节，30 分） 略 第二部分：知识运用（共两节，45 分） 第一节 单项填空（共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，共 15 分） 从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 例：It’s so nice to hear from her again. _____, we last met more than thirty years ago. A．What’s more B．That’s to say C．In other words D．Believe it or not 答案是 D。 1. Mobile payment ______ more and more popular in the last two years. A. has become B. will become C. became D. had become 解析：考查动词时态。本题结合时间标志词 in the past two years 可知本题应该选择现在完成 时。 答案：A 2. It is the talent and work of the musical group ______ allow them to win over many fans. A. who B. that C. which D. where 解析：考查强调句。本题容易与定语从句相混淆，可以根据判定强调句的方式进行判定。 答案：B 3. —You seem familiar with the rainforest. —I ______ in South America for two years. A. live B. was living C. lived D. had lived 解析：考查动词时态。本题结合语境以及答句中的时间标志词 for two years 可知本题选择现 在完成时。同学们一定要注意 for+一段时间的动词时态选择。 答案：C 4. A “charity wall”, ______ spare clothes and books for people in need, recently appeared on a street in Beijing. A. collects B. collected C. collecting D. being collected 解析：考查非谓语动词。本题根据所选动词 collect 与逻辑主语 A“charity wall”之间的主动 关系，因此选择现在分词的形式。 答案：C 5. ______ I’m not good at art, I do have a good appreciation of art products. A. Because B. Since C. If D. While 解析：考查让步状语从句。本题结合语境可知应选择尽管 while。 答案：D 6. The suggestion, if ______, will mean fundamental changes to the electrical system. A. accepting B. accept C. to accept D. accepted 解析：考查非谓语动词。本题根据 accept 与逻辑主语 the suggestion 之间的被动关系可知用 动词过去分词形式表示被动。 答案：D 7. Home is ______ we complain the most, but are often treated the best. A. which B. where C. that D. how 解析：考查表语从句。本题根据句意以及从句不缺主要成分可知选择 where。 答案：B 8. It is said that a most popular emoji (expression of emotion on the Internet) is the “face with the rolling eyes”, ______ is used in 14 percent of text messages. A. that B. what C. which D. whose 解析：考查定语从句。本题可先确定为非限制定语从句，同时从句中缺少主语可判定出 which。 答案：C 9. Born in a poor village, she knows ______ education means to people, especially to those without it. A. what B. who C. when D. why 解析：考查宾语从句。本题可分析宾语从句中缺少 mean 的宾语，因此可以判定出 what。 答案：A 10. China has introduced a national two-child policy ______ the challenge of an aging population. A. to meet B. meet C. met D. meets 解析：考查非谓语动词。本题考查 to do 放在主句后表目的。 答案：A 11. Today if you never register for a network course, you ______ as behind the times. A. will see B. will be seen C. see D. were seen 解析：考查动词时态语态。本题可先根据句意判定 you 和 see 之间的被动关系，再根据 today 现今结合主将从现的考点进行判断。 答案：B 12. Not drinking enough water ______ lead to headache and poor physical performance. A. can B. must C. should D. need 解析：考查情态动词。本题根据句意：“没有喝足够多的水会导致头疼和不良的身体反应” 答案：A 13. I told you to keep the dog ______ the bed. I don’t want dog hair all over the bedspread. A. over B. along C. towards D. off 解析：考查介词。本题根据句意：“我告诉过你让狗远离床”可以很明显地判断出 off 表示 远离。 答案：D 14. If I weren’t so tired, I ______ with you to the movie tonight. A. will go B. would have gone C. would go D. went 解析：考查虚拟语气。本题主要考查混合虚拟语气。根据主句中的 tonight，可知是对将来的 虚拟，因此不难选出 would go。 答案：C 15. Justin ______ a book about his adventures in Tibet now. I hope he can find a good publisher when he has finished. A. wrote B. is writing C. has written D. was writing 解析：考查动词时态。本题根据时间标志词 now 可以不难选出 is writing。 答案：B 第二节 完形填空（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 30 分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Very Special Special Olympian The professor was searching for student volunteers in the lecture room for a Special Olympics event. As the sign-up sheet went up and down the rows, I started to come up with my 16 . Maybe it was the distance to the college where the event was to take place, or the early hour that 17 had to report for duty. Whatever the reasons that made me hesitate, I am thankful to this day that I 18 up volunteering. If I had missed the event, I would have missed one of the most unforgettable moments that I have ever 19 . I arrived at the volunteer tent bright and early. My task was 20 . I was to stand at the finish line only and wait until the event was over and then take the 21 to the announcing booth(公 告处). Standing at the finish line, I was able to witness many amazing efforts and close races. I was most impressed by the effort each athlete put into his or her 22 . What also impressed me was the sincere 23 each athlete expressed while participating though sometimes the joy of participating in a sporting event can get 24 in the fierce competition of winning and losing. Then an amazing moment happened right before my eyes. A group of athletes were 25 up to run a short race. One of them was in a wheelchair, a little girl with a 26 smile, wearing bright bows in her hair. Her smile filled the stadium that day. I couldn’t help but smile back at her. The gun sounded. They were off. Runners sped up in the 27 with all their might. My eyes 28 for the little girl with the bright bows. There she was, pumping her arms with all the 29 she had. Her efforts were getting little result, but that did not stop her. I noticed as she got closer that she also had an injured arm. But that did not stop this bright star. The race was long over 30 the young athlete kept pumping her arms. As she finally 31 the finish line, the noise of the crowd was thunderous. There I stood 32 , with tears falling down my cheeks. After all these years, I can still hear those cheers. I wish I could thank that remarkable athlete for what her efforts 33 this unmotivated college guy. I grew up a lot that day because of the 34 of that little girl in the wheelchair. I was 35 that day of a poem from a book that states, “Whatever you do, do it with all your might.” 16. A. ideas B. plans C. suggestions D. excuses 17. A. runners B. students C. volunteers D. advisors 18. A. gave B. ended C. stayed D. woke 19. A. ignored B. controlled C. witnessed D. imagined 20. A. simple B. difficult C. interesting D. tiring 21. A. prize B. athlete C. result D. winner 22. A. mind B. event C. victory D. body 23. A. joy B. belief C. trust D. confidence 24. A. stuck B. increased C. respected D. lost 25. A. mixed B. called C. lined D. piled 26. A. huge B. narrow C. weak D. hard 27. A. court B. track C. field D. platform 28. A. hoped B. cared C. prepared D. searched 29. A. desires B. courage C. energy D. dreams 30. A. but B. and C. or D. so 31. A. felt B. neared C. took D. raised 32. A. cheering B. waiting C. calculating D. recording 33. A. paid B. owed C. disappointed D. taught 34. A. honesty B. bravery C. popularity D. creativity 35. A. warned B. persuaded C. informed D. reminded 解析：16.考查名词。当作者查看志愿者表信息时，作者开始找借口，可能是比赛场地离大学 的距离。 17.考查名词。或者是志愿者需要很早去报到。 18.考查动词。不管让作者犹豫的原因是什么，作者很感激可以结束这次志愿者活动。 19.考查动词。如果作者错过这次比赛的话，将不会见证到这难以忘记的时刻。 20.考查形容词。一开始，作者的任务很简单。 21.考查名词。作者只需要站在终点线等到比赛结束，然后将结果拿到公告处。 22.考查名词。令作者最印象深刻的是每一名运动员将自己的努力投入到每一个项目中。 23.考查名词。同样让作者印象深刻的是每一名运动员发自内心的快乐。 24.考查动词。尽管有时参加到体育比赛中的快乐会因为迷失在激烈的比赛中。getlostin 迷失， 为固定搭配。 25.考查动词。之后，一组运动员排队准备短跑比赛。lineup 排队。 26.考查形容词。作者注意到在排队的运动员中，其中有一个坐在轮椅上有着大大的微笑的 小女孩。 27.考查名词。发令枪响。运动员们尽全力加速前进。本题同学们可以结合语境根据选项进行 排除，track 田径跑道符合语境。 28.考查动词。作者的眼睛在寻找小女孩。searchfor 寻找。 29.考查名词。作者看见小女孩用尽她所有的能量借助手臂和轮椅向前。 30.考查连词。尽管距离小女孩还有很长距离，但是她依旧坚持着。 31.考查动词。当她最终接近终点线时，如雷的掌声响起。 32.考查动词。作者站在终点线处欢呼着，眼泪掉落在脸颊。 33.考查动词。这名非凡的运动员用自己的努力教会了这个没有奋斗动机的大学生。 34.考查名词。在那天由于那位轮椅小女孩的勇气，作者长大了。 35.考查动词。那天的经历让作者想起了一首诗的一句话：“不管你做什么，都要竭尽所能， 全力以赴。” 答案： 16. D 17. C 18. B 19. C 20. A 21. C 22. B 23. A 24. D 25. C 26. A 27. B 28. D 29. C 30. A 31. B 32. A 33. D 34. B 35. D 第三部分：阅读理解（共两节，40 分） 第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，共 30 分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A The following safety may result in serious injury or death to the user of the MINI Cooper S: This product contains small parts that are for adult assembly (组装) only. Keep small children away when assembling. Remove all protective material before assembly. Be sure to remove all packaging materials and parts from underneath the car body. Battery posts contain lead known to the state of California to cause cancer and reproductive harm. Never open the battery. Body parts such as hands, legs, hair and clothing can get caught in moving parts. Never place a body part near a moving part or wear loose clothing while using the vehicle. Always wear shoes when using the vehicle. Using the vehicle near streets, motor vehicles, drop-offs such as steps, water (swimming pools) or other bodies of water, hills, wet areas, in alleys, at night or in the dark could result in an unexpected accident. Instead, use the vehicle on the highway. Always use the vehicle in a safe, secure environment. Using the vehicle in unsafe conditions such as snow, rain, loose dirt, mud, or sand may result in unexpected action, for example tip over. Using the vehicle in an unsafe manner. Examples include but are not limited to: Pulling the vehicle with another vehicle or similar device Allowing more than two riders Pushing the user from the back Traveling at an unsafe speed Always use common sense and safe practices when using the vehicle. Store the vehicle indoors or cover it to protect it from weather. Water will damage the motor, electric system, and battery. 36. When assembling, you should ______. A. open the battery on the spot B. ignore the packaging materials C. keep small children off the spot D. take away all protective materials 37. According to the text, it is safer to ______. A. have at least four passengers B. push the user from behind at the start C. drive on the highway instead of on hills D. wear loose clothes while using the vehicle 38. Where can you probably find the text? A. An official report. B. A popular magazine. C. A physics textbook. D. A product handbook. 解析：36.细节题。根据第二段“keepsmallchildrenawaywhenassembling”可知。 37.细节题。根据第五段“instead，usethevehicleonthehighway。”可知。 38.细节题。推断本篇文章的出处。根据答案在文章第一段，可知是产品介绍手册。 答案：36. C 37. C 38. D B Two of the saddest words in the English language are “if only”. I live my life with the goal of never having to say those words, because they convey regret, lost opportunities, mistakes, and disappointment. My father is famous in our family for saying, “Take the extra minute to do it right.” I always try to live by the “extra minute” rule. When my children were young and likely to cause accidents, I always thought about what I could do to avoid an “if only” moment, whether it was something minor like moving a cup full of hot coffee away from the edge of a counter, or something that required a little more work such as taping padding (衬垫) onto the sharp corners of a glass coffee table. I don’t only avoid those “if only” moments when it comes to safety. It’s equally important to avoid “if only” in our personal relationships. We all know people who lost a loved one and regretted that they had foregone an opportunity to say “I love you” or “I forgive you.” When my father announced he was going to the eye doctor across from my office on Good Friday, I told him that it was a holiday for my company and I wouldn’t be here. But then I thought about the fact that he’s 84 years old and I realized that I shouldn’t give up an opportunity to see him. I called him and told him I had decided to go to work on my day off after all. I know there will still be occasions when I have to say “if only” about something, but my life is definitely better because of my policy of doing everything possible to avoid that eventuality. And even though it takes an extra minute to do something right, or it occasionally takes an hour or two in my busy schedule to make a personal connection, I know that I’m doing the right thing. I’m buying myself peace of mind and that’s the best kind of insurance for my emotional well-being. 39. Which of the following is an example of the “extra minute” rule? A. Start the car the moment everyone is seated. B. Leave the room for a minute with the iron working. C. Wait for an extra minute so that the steak tastes better. D. Move an object out of the way before it trips someone. 40. The author decided to go to her office on Good Friday to ______. A. keep her appointment with the eye doctor B. meet her father who was already an old man C. join in the holiday celebration of the company D. finish her work before the deadline approached 41. The underlined word “foregone” in Paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to ______. A. abandoned B. lacked C. avoided D. wasted 42. What is the best title for the passage? A. The Emotional Well-being B. The Two Saddest Words C. The Most Useful Rule D. The Peace of Mind 解析：39.推断题。根据第二段，利用排除法可知 D 为正确选项。 40.细节题。答案在第三段的最后两句话。 41.猜词题。根据 foregone 所在句子中的 lost 及 regretted 可知此词与 opportunity 搭配翻译成 放弃机会，故选 A 42.文章标题题。据首尾段的第一句话及文章大意，可知本文主要针对 ifonly 展开话题进行 讲解，故选 B。 答案：39. D 40. B 41. A 42. B C Turning the lights out or wearing a blindfold while eating could be a quick way to lose weight, according to scientists. The simple trick works because it stops diners eating for pleasure rather than for calories. It also triggers (引发) a part of the brain that is worried that unseen food may go bad. An experiment by the University of Konstanz, in Germany, found that people who were blindfolded consumed nine percent fewer calories before they felt full, compared to those who could see. They also vastly overestimated how much they had eaten because they could not see how much was left on the plate. Blindfolded volunteers estimated they had eaten 88 percent more than they actually had. Scientists believe that not seeing food on the table also allows the body to know when it is full in real time rather than remembering past experiences where it might have taken a full plate to feel full. In the experiment, 50 people were blindfolded and 40 were allowed to see their food. All were told not to eat within two hours of the experiment. They were then given three 95g bowls of chocolate ice cream and invited to eat for 15 minutes. Their bowls were taken away and the remaining ice-cream weighed, while the participants were quizzed on how much they thought they had eaten. On average the group who could see ate 116g while the blindfolded groups ate 105g. However, the blindfolded group believed they had eaten 197g while compared with 159g for the non-blind volunteers. They were also asked how pleasant the ice-cream tasted and the blindfolded group rated lower than those who could see. “The experienced pleasure of eating was significantly lower in the blindfolded group. Not seeing the food might have decreased the appetite. Sight plays an important role in the eating experience and in the overall dining experience.” Previous studies have shown that the visual influence of food plays a large part in the taste. While restaurants that allow diners to eat in the dark state that it triggers other senses, in fact eating in darkness is likely to taste far milder than usual. 43. With the lights out, diners eat less partly because ______. A. they want to quickly finish their meals B. they trust their feelings more than ever C. they focus more on fun than the calories D. they worry about the quality of the food 44. We can learn from the passage that the blindfolded group ______. A. spent a much longer time eating the same food B. believed they ate more than they really did C. depended on past experiences to feel full D. thought the food tasted better than usual 45. The last two paragraphs tell us that ______. A. diners are likely to lose their appetite eating in darkness B. senses rather than sight play an important role in the taste C. findings of this experiment differ from the previous studies D. restaurants benefit a lot from allowing diners to eat in the dark 46. The main purpose of the passage is to ______. A. provide statistics related to eating in the dark B. offer reasons for people to eat in the dark areas C. inform the readers of the result of an experiment D. persuade the readers to lose weight in a new way 解析：43.细节题。根据第一段以及第六段“Not seeing the food might have decreased the appetite” 可以推断出 D。 44.细节题。根据第二段以及实验过程可以知道戴眼罩的志愿者们相信他们比实际上吃得更 多。 45.细节题。根据最后两段可知用餐者在黑暗中用餐会减少他们的食欲。 46.目的题。本篇文章的主要目的是作者根据实验的过程告知读者实验结果。A、B 选项是文 章的内容，D 选项并没有在文章中体现。 答案：43. D 44. B 45. A 46. C D Let us all raise a glass to Alpha Go and the advance of artificial intelligence. Alpha Go, Deep Mind’s Go-playing AI, just defeated the best Go-playing human, Lee Sedol. But as we drink to its success, we should also begin trying to understand what it means for the future. The number of possible moves in a game of Go is so huge that, in order to win against a player like Lee, Alpha Go was designed to adopt a human-like style of gameplay by using a relatively recent development—deep learning. Deep learning uses large data sets, “machine learning” algorithms (计算程序) and deep neural (神经的) networks to teach the AI how to perform a particular set of tasks. Rather than programming complex Go rules and strategies into Alpha Go, Deep Mind designers taught Alpha Go to play the game by feeding it data based on typical Go moves. Then, Alpha Go played against itself, tirelessly learning from its own mistakes and improving its game play over time. The results speak for themselves. Deep learning represents a shift in the relationship humans have with their technological creations. It results in AI that displays surprising and unpredictable behaviour. Commenting after his first loss, Lee described being shocked by an unconventional move he claimed no human would ever have made. Demis Hassabis, one of Deep Mind’s founders, echoed this comment: “We’re very pleased that Alpha Go played some quite surprising and beautiful moves.” Unpredictability and surprises are—or can be—a good thing. They can indicate that a system is working well, perhaps better than the humans that came before it. Such is the case with Alpha Go. However, unpredictability also indicates a loss of human control. That Hassabis is surprised at his creation’s behaviour suggests a lack of control in the design. And though some loss of control might be fine in the context of a game such as Go, it raises urgent questions elsewhere. How much and what kind of control should we give up to AI machines? How should we design appropriate human control into AI that requires us to give up some of that very control? Is there some AI that we should just not develop if it means any loss of human control? How much of a say should corporations, governments, experts or citizens have in these matters? These important questions, and many others like them, have emerged in response, but remain unanswered. They require human, not human-like, solutions. So as we drink to the milestone in AI, let’s also drink to the understanding that the time to answer deeply human questions about deep learning and AI is now. 47. What contributes most to the unconventional move of Alpha Go in the game? A. The capability of self-improvement. B. The constant input of large data sets. C. The installation of deep neutral networks. D. The knowledge of Go rules and strategies. 48. A potential danger of AI is ______. A. the loss of human control B. the friendly relationship C. the fierce competition D. the lack of challenge 49. How should we deal with the unpredictability of AI? A. We should stop AI machines from developing even further. B. We should call on the government to solve these problems for us. C. We should rely on ourselves and come up with effective solutions. D. We should invent even more intelligent machines to solve everything. 50. What’s the author’s attitude towards this remarkable advance in AI? A. Supportive. B. Optimistic. C. Doubtful. D. Cautious. 解析：47.推测题。根据第二段的 AI 学习过程可以得知 AI 可以通过不断和自己比赛吸取经 验获得自我提高。 48.细节题。根据第四段“However, unpredictability also indicates a loss of human control.”。 49.推断题。根据第五段最后“They require human, not human-like, solutions.”可知。 50.作者态度题。根据最后一段可知作者对于 AI 的先进性持谨慎态度。 答案：47. A 48. A 49. C 50. D 第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，共 10 分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为 多余选项。 Being Left-handed in a Right-handed World The world is designed for right-handed people, but why does a tenth of the population prefer the left? 51 The answer to it remains a bit of a mystery. Since scientists have noticed that left-handedness tends to run in families, it’s assumed that left-handedness has a genetic(基因 component to it. 52 In fact, identical twins, who share the same genes, can sometimes prefer to use different hands. There are also plenty of theories on what else might determine which hand you write with, but many experts believe that it’s kind of random. Historically, the left side and left-handedness have been considered a negative thing by many cultures. 53 In some areas, the left hand became known as the “unclean” hand. In many religions, the right hand of God is the favored hand. For example, Jesus sits at God’s right side. God’s left hand, however, is the hand of judgment. Various activities and experiences become rude or even signs of bad luck when the left hand becomes involved. In some parts of Scotland, it is considered bad luck to meet a left-handed person at the start of a journey. 54 A person giving directions will put their left hand behind them and even physically try to point with their right hand if necessary. In some Asian countries, eating with the left hand is considered impolite. 55 People come to realize that left-handedness is natural. People even noticed that many famous people are left-handed, including Benjamin Franklin, Leonardo Da Vinci, and Charlie Chaplin. Some researchers find out that lefties are more creative and can deal with abstract thinking better. The left-handedness is more easily adaptable to the right-handed world as well. Being left- handed is no longer a sad story now; instead, it is a wonderful gift or maybe it is something you should take pride in. A. In other words, left-handers are born that way. B. Left-handedness used to be regarded as a disability. C. The unfavorable associations of the use of the left hand among cultures are varied. D. Why do they prefer to use their left hand rather than their right hand for routine activities? E. Why do some parents force their left-handed children to become right-handed when writing? F. In Ghana, pointing, gesturing, giving or receiving items with the left hand is considered rude. G. Fortunately, nowadays most societies and cultures no longer reject left-handedness like before. 解析：51.根据前文的问句以及后文的内容，可知以问句引出下文，选择 D。 52.根据前文的左撇子的形成有基因的原因，可以用 A 进行同义解释。 53.根据前文在许多文化背景下，左撇子被认为是消极的，不好的。可知和文化有关，得到 C。 54.根据前文提到 In some parts of Scotland 以及之后的 In some Asian countries 并结合后文 giving directions 的内容可以得到 F。 55. G 根据最后一段主要内容是现在呢人们开始意识到左撇子是很正常的行为，并且本句作 为开头，可以推断出 G 作为本段大意总结。 答案：51. D 52. A 53. C 54. F 55. G 第四部分：书面表达 (共两节，35 分) 第一节（15 分） 假设你是高三学生李华，得知你的美国笔友 Peter 暑假要来中国旅游并在北京停留一天。 有两游览路线让他犹豫不决：1）长城一日游 2）天安门广场、故宫一日游想征询你的意见。 请你根据以下内容，给他写一封电子邮件。内容包括： 1. 欢迎他来北京旅游； 2. 推荐路线并说明路线； 3. 提出可以陪他游览一天。 注意： 1. 词数不少于 50； 2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Peter _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 解析：略 答案：略 第二节（20 分） 假设你是红星中学的学生李华。请根据以下四幅图的先后顺序，用英文写一篇周记, 记 述上周日你和父母一起骑车的过程。 注意：词数不少于 60。 提示词：郊区 the suburbs _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ 解析：略 答案：略