高考英语二轮复习专题三阅读理解第三节题组训练6社会文化 10页

只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 1 第三节 题组训练 6 社会文 化 A (2017·红桥区二模) Long ago，poems were recited out loud instead of being written down.Back when the Greeks first started the Olympics，they held poetry contests as well as athletic competitions. Now，poetry competitions have been revived.This year 120,000 high school students competed in the first Poetry Out Loud national recitation contest，performing poems from memory for 100,000 in prizes. The first competitions were held in classrooms.The winners went on to school-wide contests，and then they competed in city and state competitions，and then the 50 state champions，along with the District of Columbia champion came to Washington，D.C.last week for the last showdown(对决)．After the 51 champions competed against one another,12 went on to the finals.Then the field was narrowed to five.The final five had one last chance to “perform” a poem.The overall champ，Jackson Hille，a high school senior from Ohio，won a 20,000 scholarship. The National Endowment for the Arts and the Poetry Foundation started Poetry Out Loud because they realized that hearing a poem performed is a different experience from reading it on a page. It’s not just a matter of saying the words in the right order.It’s the tone of voice，the pauses，the gestures，and the attitude of the person performing that 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 2 bring the words to life.“Each time we hear somebody recite a poem，we understand again what we found fresh and interesting about it，”says National Public Radio broadcaster Scott Simon，master of ceremonies for the finals.Hearing it in a new voice offers something new to the listener. Not only do the people hearing poems have a new experience，but memorizing and presenting poems helps the participants understand those poems in a new way.Another benefit of a competition such as Poetry Out Loud is that the participants learn public-speaking skills that can help them for life. 语篇解读 文章介绍了诗歌朗诵比赛在美国的复兴。 1．From the first paragraph，we can know . A．the Greeks were the first to write poems B．the Olympics used to start with poem reciting C．poems were spread orally in the past D．athletes were asked to recite poems before competing 答案 C 解析 推理判断题。由第一段首句“Long ago，poems were recited out loud instead of being written down.”可知，在很早以前诗歌只是被口头朗诵，故选 C。 2．How many rounds of competitions did the champions take part in before they went to Washington，D.C? A．Three. B．Four. C．Five. D．Six. 答案 B 解析 细节理解题。从第三段的介绍中可知，参赛者经过在班里、学校、市里和州里的比赛 后，才来到华盛顿哥伦比亚特区进行比赛，故 B 项正确。 3．According to the passage，hearing a poem recited in a new voice can . A．bring a new life to listeners B．help listeners find their interest C．make listeners learn the words D．offer something new to listeners 答案 D 解析 细节理解题。由倒数第二段的叙述，特别是最后一句可知，朗诵诗歌可以给听众带来 新的感受，故选 D。 4．One benefit the participants get from a competition such as Poetry Out Loud is 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 3 that they can . A．become confident while speaking in public B．write good poems themselves C．change their attitudes towards life D．make friends with many great poets 答案 A 解析 细节理解题。由最后一段最后一句“Another benefit of a competition such as Poetry Out Loud is that the participants learn public-speaking skills that can help them for life.”可知答案为 A。 5．What’s the best title for the passage? A．Reciting Poems Improves Your Memory B．Remembering a Lot of Poems Is Fun C．Poets Have a Great Time D．Poetry Rocks the Microphone 答案 D 解析 标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了美国的诗歌朗诵比赛。这项活动在中学 生中引起了很大的反响，故 D 项为最佳标题。 B (2016·河西区二模) Many French academics，teachers and parents complain because they feel that young people’s intellectual levels are falling rapidly！The figures prove it：young people visit museums less and spend their lives chatting on the Internet，reading nothing but Stephen King，or watching American soaps such as Friends or reality shows like Star Academy on television，music player glued to their cars，and the games console handy. It is，however，easy to see these habits in a positive light.Music is the favorite leisure activity：86% of 14- to 18-year-olds put it at the top of their activities， above the cinema (71%)，clubbing (68%)，sport (56%) and television (48%)．For 90% of young people aged 14 to 18，radio is also very popular：they listen to it every day without exception.International popular music has a strong showing，but songs in French are still in the majority(60%)． Young people do，of course，watch a lot of television，but less than their elders， and if they tend to choose mostly soaps and reality TV shows，that is because these are the programs people talk about，which encourages social interaction.Do young people read less than they used to？Maybe，but that’s also true of the elders.Young 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 4 people still read more than their elders.When asked，“Do you like reading？”， 94% of 14- to 18-year-olds say they do，and 81% are convinced that computers will never replace books. Contrary to popular belief，reading continues to occupy an extremely important place in leisure-time activities，but the reading matter young people choose has changed considerably ： there is a greater variety of media (computers and new technologies) and young people admit to taste what they would perhaps have been ashamed of in the past.For example，comic strips，Stephen King or other authors not recognized by mainstream culture，such as Betty Mahmoody (Not Without My Daughter)， Mary Higgins Clark or Jostein Gaader (Sophie’s World)．As Beatrice Toulon，editor in chief of the magazine Phosphore，sees it，“They don’t read the same things as their parents did，but they are not afraid to admit it.They have their own culture， which they flaunt(炫耀) openly！” 语篇解读 本文为议论文，题材为社会行为。对于许多法国学者、老师和家长们所说的年轻 一代的智力水平快速下降的问题，作者提出了自己的看法。 6．The underlined part “in a positive light” in Paragraph 2 can best be replaced by “ ”． A．in the long term B．during the daytime C．from an optimistic angle D．beyond reasonable doubt 答案 C 解析 词义猜测题。从第二段首句中的 however 可得到提示。 7．Which activity is the most popular with young French people? A．Music. B．Sport. C．Cinema. D．TV. 答案 A 解析 细节理解题。由第二段第二句“Music is the favorite leisure activity：86% of 14- to 18-year-olds put it at the top of their activities”可知答案。 8．We can infer that young French people . A．are ashamed of their tastes B．are proud of their own culture C．share their parents’ tastes in reading 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 5 D．admit that they read less than their parents 答案 B 解析 推理判断题。由最后一段中的“They don’t read the same things as their parents did，but they are not afraid to admit it.They have their own culture，which they flaunt(炫耀) openly！”可推知 B 项正确。 9．What is the author’s attitude towards intellectual levels in France? A．Worried. B．Doubtful. C．Uninterested. D．Approving. 答案 D 解析 观点态度题。由首段首句“Many French academics，teachers and parents complain because they feel that young people’s intellectual levels are falling rapidly！” 和下文的描述可推知作者的观点和 academics，teachers and parents 的观点相反，对年轻 一代的智力水平是认可的。 10．Which of the following can be the best title for the passage? A．The Future of Books B．More Books，Less TV C．Young People and Culture in France D．Young People and Their Elders in France 答案 C 解析 标题归纳题。本文主要讲述了法国年轻一代的文化以及同父辈文化的差异。故选 C。 C (2017·河北区二模) The practice of students endlessly copying letters and sentences from a blackboard is a thing of the past.With the coming of new technologies like computers and smartphones，writing by hand has become something of a nostalgic(怀旧的) skill.However，while today’s educators are using more and more technology in their teaching，many believe basic handwriting skills are still necessary for students to be successful—both in school and in life. Virginia Berninger，professor of educational psychology at the University of Washington，says it’s important to continue teaching handwriting and help children acquire the skill of writing by hand. Berninger and her colleagues conducted a study that looked at the ability of students to complete various writing tasks—both on a computer and by hand.The study， published in 2009，found that when writing with a pen and paper，participants wrote 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 6 longer essays and more complete sentences and had a faster word production rate. In a more recent study，Berninger looked at what role spelling plays in a student’s writing skills and found that how well children spell is tied to how well they can write.“Spelling makes some of the thinking parts of the brain active， which helps us access our vocabulary，word meaning and concepts.It is allowing our written language to connect with ideas，” Berninger said. Spelling helps students translate ideas into words in their mind first and then to transcribe(转换)．“Those words in the mind into written symbols on paper or keyboard and screen，” the study said.“Seeing the words in the ‘mind’s eye’ helps children not only to turn their ideas into words，” says Berninger，“but also to spot(发现) spelling mistakes when they write the words down and to correct them over time.” “In our computer age，some people believe that we don’t have to teach spelling because we have spell checks，” she said.“But until a child has functional spelling ability of about a fifth grade level，they won’t have the knowledge to choose the correct spelling among the options given by the computer.” 语篇解读 随着现代科技的发展，书写渐渐被人们忽视，但是 Berninger 的研究表明，书写 在现代教学中应占有一席之地。 11．What makes writing by hand a thing of the past? A．The absence of blackboards in classrooms. B．The use of new technologies in teaching. C．The lack of practice in handwriting. D．The popular use of smartphones. 答案 B 解析 细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“With the coming of new technologies...writing by hand has become something of a nostalgic(怀旧的) skill.”可知 B 项正确。 12．Berninger’s study published in 2009 . A．focused on the difference between writing by hand and on a computer B．indicated that students prefer to write with a pen and paper C．found that good essays are made up of long sentences D．discussed the importance of writing speed 答案 A 解析 细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“Berninger...conducted a study...both on a 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 7 computer and by hand.”可知 A 项正确。 13．Which of the following best shows the role of spelling? A．Spelling improves one’s memory of words. B．Spelling ability is closely related to writing ability. C．Spelling benefits the translation from words into ideas. D．Spelling slows down finding exact words to express ideas. 答案 B 解析 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Spelling makes some of the thinking parts of the brain active，which helps us access our vocabulary，word meaning and concepts.It is allowing our written language to connect with ideas”可知，拼写能力与写作能力密切 相关，所以 B 项正确。 14．What does the underlined part “mind’s eye” in Paragraph 5 mean? A．Window. B．Soul. C．Picture. D．Imagination. 答案 D 解 析 词 义 猜 测 题 。 根 据 第 五 段 的 第 一 句 可 知 ， mind’s eye 指 的 是 “ 想 象 力 (imagination)”。 15．What conclusion could be drawn from the passage? A．Computers can help people with their choice of words. B．Spell checks can take the place of spelling teaching. C．Handwriting still has a place in today’s classrooms. D．Functional spelling ability develops fast in the fifth grade. 答案 C 解析 推理判断题。由文章内容可知文章主要说明了书写对学生的重要性，所以 C 项正确。 D (2017·河东区一模) What to write？This is a question asked by so many writers of children’s literature.The children’s literature market is a big market.Being a writer of children’s literature，I did some research into the literary market for children， finding some trends. Children tend to like reading a series on their favorite characters.However， when trying to sell your book to an agent or a publisher，you should sell it as a stand-alone book.Focus your mind on the story that you’ve written instead of thinking 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 8 about future unwritten stories.If the book is published and does well in the market， the publisher will be open to extending the story into a series. Over the years the picture book market has been slow.Small children ， the prime“readers”of picture books，tend to not request their parents to purchase books for them.They cannot read for themselves and have to depend on others to read for them.To appeal to children with no reading skills，a writer should focus more on showing his/her story through vivid and colorful pictures.Also，writers must take into consideration the amount of time the average parent is willing to spend reading to their children. Many teens enjoy reading young adult novels based on what is known as dark concept stories.Dark concept books are stories with vampires(吸血鬼)，demons(魔鬼)，and other supernatural creatures.The villain(坏蛋)，though，has some goodness and in a way is a victim.Also such characters share the same experiences that a typical 16-20-year-old has.They feel sad，get happy，fall in love，and even can be taken advantage of. When writing a children’s book，keep in mind the trends in the market.Read published books ， both the best sellers and poor sellers ， using them as references.However，be careful not to imitate other writers’ styles，not to use their characters，and not to use their plots.To become a popular writer，you should dig deep and work hard to make your story unique and interesting. 语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文，讲述了要成为一名受欢迎的儿童作家，有哪些注意事项，并 给出了中肯的建议。 16．In the author’s opinion，picture books should . A．be visually pleasing and somewhat parent-friendly B．have no words and more pictures C．have more interesting stories D．be sold at a low price 答案 A 解析 细节理解题。根据文章第三段中“a writer should focus more on showing his/her story through vivid and colorful pictures.Also，writers must take into consideration the amount of time the average parent is willing to spend reading to their children” 可知，作为一名作家，应该更多地将逼真、多彩的图片展示在图书里，此外，还应考虑到愿 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 9 意陪孩子读书的家长们所花费的时间。故选 A。 17．According to the text，dark concept books . A．are full of violence B．have many heroic images C．become more popular than other ones D．reflect the life of young adults in some ways 答案 D 解析 推理判断题。由第四段最后两句“Also such characters share the same experiences that a typical 16-20-year-old has...advantage of.”可知，dark concept stories 在 某种程度上反映了年轻人的生活，故选 D。 18．According to the last paragraph，what matters much to a writer is his/her . A．writing experiences B．creative power C．fame in the market D．relationship with other writers 答案 B 解析 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中“To become a popular writer，you should dig deep and work hard to make your story unique and interesting.”可知，要想成为一名受欢 迎的作家，你应该深度挖掘自己的潜力，努力使你的故事具有独特性和趣味性。故选 B。 19．What can be learned from the text? A．Few writers focus on the trends in children’s literature. B．A story series is not advised to be finished at one time. C．Writers should be good at writing various books. D．Picture books are only aimed at younger children. 答案 B 解析 细节理解题。根据文章第二段中“Focus your mind on the story that you’ve written instead of thinking about future unwritten stories.If the book is published and does well in the market，the publisher will be open to extending the story into a series.” 可知，你应该把注意力集中在你已经写好了的书上，如果出版的书受欢迎，那么出版商会考 虑将这本书做成系列丛书。故选 B。 20．Who are the intended readers of the text? A．Children. B．Parents. C．Publishers. D．Writers. 答案 D 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 10 解析 推理判断题。根据文章内容，主要讲述了在写作儿童书籍时如何进行话题的选择以及 人物的设定等，这些内容主要针对写儿童书籍的作家，故选 D。