河南省实验中学2020届高三下学期二测模拟考试英语试题 Word版含解析 25页

www.ks5u.com 河南省实验中学高三二测模拟（二）‎ 英语试卷 一、阅读理解：‎ A Traditions of giving middle names vary around the world.‎ Scotland Middle names are actually a fairly recent discovery in Scotland. However, as the practice has become popular around the world, it has become pretty common for Scottish babies to have middle names. Because last names in Scotland are generally associated with their family roots, and first names usually describe a physical characteristic, many parents see a middle name as an opportunity to give their baby a slightly more creative name.‎ Spain and Latin America In Spain and Latin America, a middle name is a way to break free from the cultural code governing first names. In some countries, even first names are legislated(立法) to be of Christian origin. In Chile, most girls are named Maria, after the Virgin Mary, so the middle name is used in practice for differentiation. Maria is the most common name in the Spanish-speaking world, so in all Spanish-speaking countries the middle name takes on great significance.‎ Russia In Russia, both boys and girls are given middle names based on their father's first name. For boys, the middle name usually has ovich, or evich, added to its ending. For girls, the middle patronymic(从父名衍生出的名字) name usually has ovna, or evna, added to its ending. People in Russia are often referred to by both their first and middle names, sort of the way parents in America use their children's full names when they're trying to get their attention(or yell at them). Close friends in Russia often don't use their first names completely, and use only patronymic names, when talking to each other.‎ Australia According to Law Buddy, an Australian legal advice service, child naming laws - 25 -‎ ‎ in Australia allow Birth Registrars to refuse to register baby names that to be offensive to register to careless, inappropriate, ridiculous. They do allow for children to get a middle name, which is typically reserved for the mother's maiden name(娘家姓),provided, of course, that the mother's maiden name is not offensive, careless, inappropriate, or ridiculous.‎ ‎1. What do we know about giving middle names in Scotland?‎ A. It needs to be based on their family roots.‎ B. It's opposed by the elderly in the country C. It mainly describes a baby's appearance.‎ D. It didn't become common until not long ago ‎2. What role do middle names in the Spanish-speaking countries play?‎ A. Showing family roots.‎ B. Showing their unique culture.‎ C. Describing a physical characteristic.‎ D. Allowing people to have different names ‎3. What is a typical feature of middle names in Russia?‎ A. They usually have the same ending.‎ B. They're usually very creative names.‎ C. They're usually difficult to remember.‎ D. They're based on their father's middle name.‎ ‎4. What should parents in Australia consider when naming their children?‎ A. Avoiding a middle name B. Avoiding registering baby names.‎ C. Using the mother's proper maiden name.‎ D. Using an unusual name for differentiation.‎ ‎【答案】1. D 2. D 3. A 4. C ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。主要说明了苏格兰、西班牙和拉丁美洲、俄罗斯以及澳大利亚给孩子取中间名的一些传统。‎ - 25 -‎ ‎【1题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据Scotland部分中Middle names are actually a fairly recent discovery in Scotland.可知中间名实际上是最近在苏格兰才发现的。由此可知，在苏格兰，中间名直到不久前它才变得普遍起来。故选D。‎ ‎【2题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据Spain and Latin America部分中In Spain and Latin America, a middle name is a way to break free from the cultural code governing first names. Maria is the most common name in the Spanish-speaking world, so in all Spanish-speaking countries the middle name takes on great significance.可知。在西班牙和拉丁美洲，中间名是打破名字文化规范的一种方式。玛丽亚是说西班牙语国家中最常见的名字，因此在所有西班牙语国家中，中间的名字都具有重要的意义。由此可推知，在说西班牙语的国家中，中间名扮演着允许人们有不同名字的角色。故选D。‎ ‎【3题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据Russia部分中For boys, the middle name usually has ovich, or evich, added to its ending. For girls, the middle patronymic name usually has ovna, or evna, added to its ending.可知对于男孩来说，中间的名字通常会在结尾加上“ovich”或“evich”。对于女孩来说，中间的父名通常会在结尾加上“ovna”或“evna”。由此可知，在俄罗斯，中间名的典型特征是它们通常有相同的结尾。故选A。‎ ‎【4题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据Australia部分中They do allow for children to get a middle name, which is typically reserved for the mother's maiden name, provided, of course, that the mother's maiden name is not offensive, careless, inappropriate, or ridiculous.可知它们确实允许孩子取中间名，这通常是为娘家姓保留的，当然，前提是母亲的娘家姓不是具有冒犯性的、粗心的、不恰当的或可笑的。由此可知，澳大利亚的父母在给孩子取名时应该考虑使用母亲的娘家姓。故选C。‎ B The preventive measures for forest fires include some preemptive(抢先)methods that can help reduce the risks of fires and control their severity and spread, and thus, maintain ecological balance and protect resources. Close monitoring of forest fires caused by natural factors can help prevent their spread to a large extent. To - 25 -‎ ‎ contain forest fires, fire departments usually use water and chemical fire retardants(抑制剂) that can be dropped from planes and helicopters. To control the spread of a wildfire, firefighters usually create a control line by removing all fuel from an area so that the fire cannot travel across it.‎ Controlled burns are often employed by government authorities to reduce fuel buildup, and clean up the fallen leaves, and thus, prevent the spread of forest fires to a vast area. Regular controlled burns can also help maintain biodiversity(生物多样性), as the smoke and heat produced in the process can facilitate(促进) the growth of seeds of certain plant species. Apart from these, responsible human behavior can help reduce the number of forest fires to a great extent. In fact, we can reduce the number of wildfires dramatically by not leaving behind any source of fire in the forest.‎ Forest fires can affect climate and weather to a great extent, besides causing severe damage to valuable trees. Wildfires can increase the level of greenhouse gases(water vapor, carbon dioxide, etc), and therefore increase pollution and global warming. However, they are also an important part of the ecosystem, and many plants depend on the heat and smoke generated by wildfires for their growth and reproduction. But large wildfires can cause extensive damage to the ecosystem, which again highlights the importance of effective control and prevention of forest fires.‎ ‎5. What may be the best title for this passage?‎ A. Control and Prevention of Forest Fires B. How to Keep Ecological Balance C. Effects of Forest Fires D. Methods of Fire Spread Control ‎6. Firefighters get rid of all fuel in all area in order to ____________．‎ A. keep close monitoring of forest fires B. prevent the forest fire from occurring C. protect the animals there D. stop the wildfire from spreading ‎7. The government arranges some controlled burns to_______________．‎ A. burn the rubbish and keep the forest clean B. help keep ecological balance of nature C. reduce fuel building up and limit forest fires spread.‎ - 25 -‎ D. provide reasonable conditions for some plants’ growth.‎ ‎8. A controlled forest fire may play a positive role because ________________.‎ A. a new forest will appear soon.‎ B. it promotes the development of some seeds C. nature keeps its balance only by wildfires.‎ D. it makes the trees grow faster than before.‎ ‎【答案】5. A 6. D 7. C 8. B ‎【解析】‎ 本文属于说明文阅读。作者通过这篇文章主要向我们描述了森林火灾预防有助于减少损失，减少火灾风险和控制病情蔓延从而确保生态平衡。森林火灾的危害不言而喻，在可控制中的火灾既有助于控制火灾损失，还有助于保持生物多样性。‎ ‎【5题详解】‎ 主旨大意题。根据第一段中The preventive measures for forest fires include some preemptive methods that can help reduce the risks of fires and control their severity and spread, and thus, maintain ecological balance and protect resources.可知森林火灾的预防措施包括采取一些先发制人的措施，减少火灾风险，控制火灾的严重程度和蔓延，从而保持生态平衡，保护资源。结合文章主要从对火灾预防和发生后如何控制两方面做了介绍。故A选项“森林火灾的控制和预防”符合文章标题。故选A。‎ ‎【6题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第一段中To control the spread of a wildfire, firefighters usually create a control line by removing all fuel from an area so that the fire cannot travel across it.可知为了控制野火的蔓延，消防队员通常会通过移除某一区域的所有燃料来建立一条控制线，这样大火就不会蔓延。由此可知，消防人员清除掉所有的可燃物是为了阻止火势的蔓延。故选D。‎ ‎【7题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第二段中Controlled burns are often employed by government authorities to reduce fuel buildup, and clean up the fallen leaves, and thus, prevent the spread of forest fires to a vast area.可知政府经常利用控制可燃物来减少可燃物积累，清理落叶，从而防止森林火灾蔓延到广大地区。由此可知，政府安排了一些可控燃烧，以减少可燃物的积累，并限制森林火灾的蔓延。故选C。‎ - 25 -‎ ‎【8题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据最后一段中However, they are also an important part of the ecosystem, and many plants depend on the heat and smoke generated by wildfires for their growth and reproduction.可知然而，它们也是生态系统的重要组成部分，许多植物依靠野火产生的热量和烟雾来生长和繁殖。由此可知，受控的森林火灾可以起到积极的作用，因为它可以促进一些种子的生长。故选B。‎ C With all the wars, fighting and sadness in the world today, it's not only necessary, but also essential to have a good sense of humor just to help us get through each and every day of our lives. Putting a smile on someone's face when you know they are feeling down in the dump, makes me feel good and warms my heart.‎ How would you feel if you could not joke around with your wife, husband, child, co- workers, neighbors, close friends, or even just someone that you are standing in line with at your corner store? I am always saying things that make others smile or laugh, even if I don't know the person I'm joking around with. My Grandma always found humor in everything she did, even if it was the hardest job anyone could imagine. This not only relieves stress in any situation, but also is common courtesy(礼貌) to speak to others that are around you.‎ I know of a few people that don't have a funny bone in their bodies, as they say. Everyone around them could be rolling on the floor after hearing a great joke and they would sit there without the slightest smile on their face. They don't get the joke that makes others laugh. I am busting a gut while they just sit there, looking at me as if I were from outer space. How can people not get a really funny joke?‎ Laughing is essential to keep your stress levels under control. Without humor we would find ourselves with a lot of psychological problems, or on a lot of medications to keep us from going crazy. There is too much sadness in this present world. It drives people crazy. We all need to find a way to ignore the sadness and bring a little light into our lives. So，I believe our best medicine is to get together and tell some jokes and have some fun laughing together.‎ ‎9. From the second paragraph, we can know that ________.‎ - 25 -‎ A. the author used to be polite B. the author's grandma is humorous C. we should relieve stress in any situation D. family members should play tricks on each other ‎10. The underlined phrase ''busting a gut'' in the Paragraph 3 can be replaced by ''________''.‎ A. explaining carefully B. speaking loud C. keeping silent D. laughing hard ‎11. By writing the passage, the author mainly intends to ________.‎ A. talk about his own understanding of humor B. encourage people to be humorous in daily life C. introduce a practical way to get through daily life D convince people of the power of being optimistic about life ‎【答案】9. B 10. D 11. B ‎【解析】‎ 本文是一篇说明文。介绍了面对当今世界上所有的战争、争斗和悲伤，拥有良好的幽默感不仅是必要的，而且是必不可少的。‎ ‎【9题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第二段中My Grandma always found humor in everything she did, even if it was the hardest job anyone could imagine.可知我的祖母总是在她做的每件事中发现幽默，即使这是任何人都能想象到的最困难的工作。由此可知，从第二段，我们可以知道作者的奶奶是幽默的。故选B。‎ ‎【10题详解】‎ 词义猜测题。根据后文while they just sit there, looking at me as if I were from outer space.可知作者笑得很厉害，而别人坐在那里的时候看着作者好像作者是来自外太空一样。可知划线短语意思为“乐不可支，笑的厉害”。故选D。‎ ‎【11题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据最后一段中We all need to find a way to ignore the sadness and bring a little light into our lives. So, I believe our best medicine is to get together - 25 -‎ ‎ and tell some jokes and have some fun laughing together.可知我们都需要找到一种方法来忽略悲伤，给我们的生活带来一点光明。所以，我认为我们最好的办法就是聚在一起讲笑话，一起开怀大笑。由此可推知，通过写这篇文章，作者是想鼓励人们在日常生活中变得幽默。故选B。‎ D Food experts say washing could spread the germs on your turkey in the kitchen sink or nearby food. But it's been a challenge trying to convince cooks to stop rinsing （冲洗）off raw poultry. Germs that can make people sick are common in the guts of healthy poultry and are legally allowed to be on raw turkey and chicken. The assumption is that nobody eats their poultry raw, and that thorough cooking will kill the bacteria.‎ The do — not — wash raw poultry advice from the USDA is relatively new and perhaps hasn't caught on because it goes against the common belief that washing makes things clean, said Chapman. Benjamin Chapman, a study author and food safety expert at North Carolina State University, said the instinct to wash raw poultry goes back at least decades when people relied more on visual clues to spot problems with poultry. Meanwhile, washing hands and surfaces are also important.‎ But food preparation is a complicated act, and germs from poultry can be spread even if it's not washed, especially when birds are removed from packaging.‎ The USDA-funded study stresses that point. Researchers sprayed raw chicken with a harmless strain of E. coli （大肠杆菌）and watched volunteer cooks at test kitchens. Among those who washed their raw chicken, about a quarter ended up spreading the bacteria to their lettuce. But even some of those who did not rinse the chicken got germs on the lettuce. And there are other opportunities for germs to survive on turkeys: melting and cooking.‎ To ensure a bird is thoroughly cooked, they say to use a thermometer to check that the deepest and thickest parts of it have reached 165 degrees. Even after the meal is cooked, you aren't out of the danger zone. To keep turkeys and other leftovers safe, experts say they should be refrigerated after two hours.‎ ‎12. People don't accept USDA's advice because____.‎ - 25 -‎ A. the advice is relatively new B. cleaning seems more trustworthy C. cooks clean the turkey before cooking it D. heat can kill most germs and no one eats raw food ‎13. What can be concluded from Paragraph 4?‎ A. Food packages carry germs.‎ B. Hands and surfaces are easy to get E. coli.‎ C. Germs from a turkey can be spread whether it is washed or not.‎ D. Multiple methods should be applied to food to get rid of germs.‎ ‎14. Which way may help to cook a turkey safely?‎ A. Rinse off the turkey before it is heated.‎ B. Keep the turkey away from the lettuce and refrigerator.‎ C. Wash hands and packages before taking out the turkey.‎ D. Use a thermometer to check the temperature of the turkey.‎ ‎15. From which section of a magazine is the text probably taken?‎ A. Culture. B. Science.‎ C. Education. D. Medicine.‎ ‎【答案】12. B 13. C 14. D 15. B ‎【解析】‎ 本文是一篇说明文，介绍了食品专家说清洗可能会在厨房水槽或附近的食物中传播火鸡身上的细菌，但美国农业部的研究强调无论是否被清洗，火鸡身上的细菌都会传播，同时指出用温度计检查火鸡的温度有助于安全地烹饪火鸡。‎ ‎【12题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The do — not — wash raw poultry advice from the USDA is relatively new and perhaps hasn't caught on because it goes against the common belief that washing makes things clean, said Chapman.”可知，查普曼说，美国农业部提出的“不清洗生禽”的建议相对较新，但可能还没有流行起来，因为这违背了人们普遍认为的“清洗可以使东西干净”的观念，由此可知，人们不接受美国农业部的建议是因为清洗似乎更值得信赖，故B项正确。‎ ‎【13题详解】‎ - 25 -‎ 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Among those who washed their raw chicken, about a quarter ended up spreading the bacteria to their lettuce. But even some of those who did not rinse the chicken got germs on the lettuce. And there are other opportunities for germs to survive on turkeys: melting and cooking.”可知，在那些清洗生鸡肉的人中，约四分之一的人最终将细菌传播到生菜上，但即使是一些没有清洗鸡肉的人，生菜上也有细菌，火鸡身上的细菌还有其他生存的机会：融化和烹饪，由此可知，不管火鸡是否被清洗，它身上的细菌都会传播，故C项正确。‎ ‎【14题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“To ensure a bird is thoroughly cooked, they say to use a thermometer to check that the deepest and thickest parts of it have reached 165 degrees.”可知，为了确保一只家禽被彻底煮熟，他们说要用温度计检查它最深和最厚的部分是否达到165度，由此可知，用温度计检查火鸡的温度有助于安全地烹饪火鸡，故D项正确。‎ ‎【15题详解】‎ 推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了食品专家说清洗可能会在厨房水槽或附近的食物中传播火鸡身上的细菌，但美国农业部的研究强调无论是否被清洗，火鸡身上的细菌都会传播，同时指出用温度计检查火鸡的温度有助于安全地烹饪火鸡，这属于科学范畴，因此这篇文章最有可能出自于杂志的科学版块，故B项正确。‎ E Public Speaking Public speaking can be defined as the act of making a speech in front of a group of listeners.‎ The types of public speaking are deliberately structured with three general purposes: to inform, to persuade and to entertain. An informative speech has a purpose to inform, or give knowledge to its audience. ___16___For persuasive speech, the speaker would try to change the mindset, perception, or behavior of the audience for their own good. Thus, the speaker needs to look for common ground with the audience and try to relate to what they might agree on. The last type is a ceremonial speech. It tends to be less formal and more personal than the other types of speeches. No matter how well you know the person you are giving speech about, try not to say bad - 25 -‎ ‎ things about them, even if it is meant to be a joke.‎ ‎___17___Sparing some time to practice will help build confidence and help determine how long the presentation will last. Aside from it, knowing who the audience will be is quite necessary. Try to get as much information as possible regarding this particular area related to the audience. Knowing the “battlefield” in advance will give the speakers a huge advantage.‎ Language is the main aspect a speaker needs to pay attention to while giving a speech.‎ ‎___18___A speaker needs to choose their words carefully and make it clear to the audience what they mean. Often, when given a speech, the audience look up to the speaker to give them something new and useful. ___19___Language and delivery alone will not be sufficient if the speaker does not have the body language. The movement and gesture of a speaker also affect the audience. While closing the speech or presentation, speakers can restate their main points, just to remind the audience of the important things that have been said. ___20___‎ A. It needs to be used clearly.‎ B. These speeches mark special occasions.‎ C. The important thing to watch about is not to put in too much information.‎ D. The key of perfecting anything is through practice, including public speaking.‎ E. They can also end it with a special message and encourage the audience to ask questions.‎ F. Knowing how public speaking is done is a key part in understanding the importance of it.‎ G. Thus the speaker needs to know how to deliver their speech to fulfill the audience‟s expectation.‎ ‎【答案】16. C 17. D 18. A 19. G 20. E ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文，短文介绍了公共演讲类型的目的以及成就完美演讲所注意的几点技巧。‎ ‎【16题详解】‎ - 25 -‎ 由第二段“ An informative speech has a purpose to inform, or give knowledge to its audience”可知，一篇内容丰富的演讲有一个目的，就是向听众提供信息或传授知识。所以小题1要告诉读者要注意什么。故C选项“重要的是要注意不要输入太多的信息”符合句意。故C选项切题。‎ ‎【17题详解】‎ 由第三段“Sparing some time to practice will help build confidence and help determine how long the presentation will last. Aside from it, knowing who the audience will be is quite necessary. Try to get as much information as possible regarding this particular area related to the audience. Knowing the “battlefield” in advance will give the speakers a huge advantage”可知，抽出时间练习将有助于建立信心，并有助于确定演讲的持续时间。除此之外，知道观众是谁是非常必要的。应该尽可能多地了解与观众有关的特定领域的信息。提前了解“战场”将给演讲者带来巨大的优势。所以本段主要再告诉读者“完善一切的关键在于实践，包括公开演讲”也就是小题2所要说明的内容。故D选项“完善一切的关键在于实践，包括公开演讲”符合句意。故D选项切题。‎ ‎【18题详解】‎ 由第四段“A speaker needs to choose their words carefully and make it clear to the audience what they mean.”可知，一个演讲者需要仔细选择他们讲的话，让观众明白他们的意思。所以小题3要起到承接下文的作用说明“它需要被清楚地使用”。故A选项“它需要被清楚地使用”符合句意。故A选项切题。‎ ‎【19题详解】‎ 由第四段“Often, when given a speech, the audience look up to the speaker to give them something new and useful.”可知，通常，当演讲时，听众会抬头仰望演讲者，希望他能给他们一些新的有用的东西。所以小题4要说明当听众会抬头仰望演讲者，希望他能给他们一些新的有用的东西。这时演讲者应该知道怎么去做。故G选项“因此，演讲者需要知道如何发表他们的演讲来满足听众的期望”符合句意。故G选项切题。‎ ‎【20题详解】‎ 由第四段“While closing the speech or presentation, speakers can restate their main points, just to remind the audience of the important things that have been - 25 -‎ ‎ said”可知，在结束演讲或陈述时，演讲者可以重述他们的要点，只是为了提醒听众已经说过的重要事情。所以小题5要与前一句一同说明，在结束演讲时可以什么样的形式结束。故E选项“他们也可以用特别的信息来结束演讲，并鼓励听众提问”符合句意。故E选项切题。‎ 二．完形填空：‎ 阅读下面短文，从短文后每题所给的 A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。‎ Sports are fun, and children keep healthy while playing with others. However, sometimes playing sports can have ___21___ effects on children. It may produce feelings of ___22___ self-respect or aggressive behavior in some children. Many children say they have been ___23___ at or called names while playing sports. This leaves many children with a bad ___24___ of sports. They think sports are just too ___25___.‎ Many researchers believe adults are the ___26___ cause of too much aggression in children’s sports and they are to blame. They believe children watch the aggressive adult behavior and ___27___ it. This behavior is then further ___28___ from one child to another. Parents and coaches are powerful teachers because children ___29___ look up to them. Often these adults ___30___ aggressively themselves, sending children the message that ___31___ is everything. Many parents go to children’s sporting events and shout insults at other players or cheer when their child behaves___32___. What’s worse, children are also taught that hurting other players is ___33___ or are pushed to continue playing even when they are injured. In addition, children watch adult sports games and see violent behavior replayed over and over on television.‎ ‎___34___ it comes to how to solve this problem, parents and coaches in particular should act as better ___35___ to children. They also need to teach children better ___36___ of life. They should not just ___37___ when children win or act aggressively. Besides, children should not be allowed to continue to play when they are ___38___. If adults ___39___ children to play when injured, this gives the message that ___40___ is not as important as winning.‎ ‎21. A. native B. negative C. active D. instructive ‎22. A. poor B. high C. special D. unusual - 25 -‎ ‎23. A. knocked B. glanced C. smiled D. shouted ‎24. A. impression B. conclusion C. taste D. expectation ‎25. A. curious B. violent C. passive D. pleasant ‎26. A. common B. main C. indirect D. different ‎27. A. question B. understand C. copy D. ignore ‎28. A. proved B. recovered C. spread D. benefited ‎29. A. hardly B. seldom C. never D. usually ‎30. A. behave B. communicate C. argue D. blame ‎31. A. winning B. practicing C. enjoyment D. sport ‎32. A. proudly B. gently C. aggressively D. bravely ‎33. A. acceptable B. capable C. possible D. enjoyable ‎34 A. While B. Where C. How D. When ‎35. A. guides B. examples C. roles D. Partners ‎36. A. methods B. standards C. values D. directions ‎37. A. comfort B. cheer C. scold D. celebrate ‎38. A. lost B. tired C. hated D. injured ‎39. A. force B. order C. forbid D. permit ‎40. A. performance B. training C. health D. spirit ‎【答案】21. B 22. A 23. D 24. A 25. B 26. B 27. C 28. C 29. D 30. A 31. A 32. C 33. A 34. D 35. B 36. C 37. B 38. D 39. D 40. C ‎【解析】‎ - 25 -‎ 这是一篇说明文。人们认为孩子们应该运动，但是运动对孩子们也有许多消极影响。在运动的过程中我们面临的严重问题是孩子们会产生自尊心不强感或导致某些儿童的攻击性行为，会给孩子们带来伤害。许多研究人员相信，成年人，特别是父母和教练，是造成儿童在运动中具备太多攻击性的主要原因。作者看来父母和教练应该为孩子树立良好的榜样，使孩子们的身心得到健康的发展。‎ ‎【21题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，有时运动对孩子有负面影响。A. native本地的；B. negative负面的，消极的；C. active活跃的；D. instructive有益的。根据后文or aggressive behavior可知此处讲的是运动对孩子的负面影响，故选B。‎ ‎【22题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：孩子们会产生自尊心不强感或导致某些儿童的攻击性行为。A. poor差的，贫穷的；B. high高的；C. special特别的；D. unusual不寻常的。根据or aggressive behavior in some children可知，孩子们会产生自尊心不强感或导致某些儿童的攻击性行为。poor self-respect 与 aggressive behavior感情色彩一致。故选A。‎ ‎【23题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：许多孩子说他们在做运动的时候被人吼过或骂过。A. knocked敲；B. glanced瞥见；C. smiled危险；D. shouted叫喊。通过下文的call names（骂人）和or可知该答案应与call names并列，故选D。‎ ‎【24题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意；运动给许多孩子留下了不良的印象。A. impression印象；B. conclusion结论；C. taste品味；D. expectation期待。因为在运动时的不好经历，运动给许多儿童留下了不良的印象（impression），故选A。‎ ‎【25题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们认为体育运动太暴力了。A. curious好奇的；B. violent暴力的；C. passive被动的；D. pleasant快乐的。据前文提到的aggressive(有攻击性的)一词可知，孩子们认为运动很暴力（violent），故选B。‎ ‎【26题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：许多研究人员认为，成年人是儿童在体育运动中表现出过多攻击性的主要原因，他们应该对此负责。A. common普通的；B. main主要的；C. indirect间接的；D. different不同的。由第二段 they are to blame可知，教练和家长对小孩在运动中的暴力行为负主要责任，也就是他们是小孩攻击性行为的主要原因（main cause），故选B。‎ - 25 -‎ ‎【27题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们认为孩子们会观察并模仿成人的攻击性行为。A. question质疑；B. understand理解；C. copy模仿，复制；D. ignore忽视。根据 watch the aggressive adult behavior可知，研究人员认为儿童看了他们父母的攻击性行为，然后就开始模仿（copy），故选C。‎ ‎【28题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这种行为会进一步从一个孩子传播到另一个孩子。A. proved证明；B. recovered恢复；C. spread传播；D. benefited受益。根据常识可以判断出，这种攻击性行为在儿童之间又进一步传播/扩散(spread)，故选C。‎ ‎【29题详解】‎ 考查副词词义辨析。句意：父母和教练是强有力的老师，因为孩子们通常都很尊敬他们。A. hardly几乎不；B. seldom很少；C. never从不；D. usually通常。结合上文Parents and coaches are powerful teachers because children可知，父母和教练对小孩的影响很大，因为孩子们通常（usually）很尊敬他们。故选D。‎ ‎【30题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些成年人经常表现得咄咄逼人，给孩子们传递了这样的信息：赢就是一切。A. behave行为，表现；B. communicate交流；C. argue争论；D. blame责备。结合上文aggressive adult behavior，可知有时父母的行为举止（behave）也带有攻击性，故选A。‎ ‎【31题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些成年人经常表现得咄咄逼人，给孩子们传递了这样的信息：赢就是一切。A. winning赢，获胜；B. practicing练习；C. enjoyment享受；D. sport运动。据下文提到的小孩受伤了，父母还是允许他们继续比赛可知，他们给孩子传达一个信息：获胜（winning）至上，故选A。‎ ‎【32题详解】‎ 考查副词词义辨析。句意：许多父母去参加孩子的体育赛事，当孩子表现出攻击性时，他们会对其他运动员大声辱骂或欢呼。A. proudly傲慢地；B. gently轻轻地；C. aggressively攻击地，侵略地；D. bravely勇敢地。由parents shout insults可知，当小孩在运动中攻击（behave aggressively）别人的时候，他们的父母也会欢呼喝彩。故选C。‎ ‎【33题详解】‎ - 25 -‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：更糟糕的是，孩子们还被教导说，伤害其他球员是可以接受的，或者即使他们受伤了也要继续比赛。A. acceptable可接受的；B. capable有能力的；C. possible可能的；D. enjoyable快乐的。根据are pushed to continue playing even when they are injured可知，更糟糕的是，父母甚至教导他们的小孩，伤害其他选手也是可以接受的（acceptable），故选A。‎ ‎【34题详解】‎ 考查连词辨析。句意：当谈到如何解决这个问题时，父母和教练尤其应该给孩子们做更好的榜样。A. While在……期间；B. Where在哪里；C. How如何；D. When当……时候。本句考查固定句型When it comes to sth./doing sth.表示“当涉及到……”。故选D。‎ ‎【35题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意；当谈到如何解决这个问题时，父母和教练尤其应该给孩子们做更好的榜样。A. guides指南；B. examples榜样；C. roles角色；D. Partners伙伴。根据 They also need to teach children better 16 of life可知，谈到如何预防儿童在运动中发生暴力行为，家长和教练应该为小孩树立一个好榜样（examples）。故选B。‎ ‎【36题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意；他们还需要教导孩子们更好的生活价值观。A. methods方法；B. standards标准；C. values价值观念；D. directions方向。同时他们也应该教会儿童什么才是人生更好的价值观(value)。故选C。‎ ‎【37题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当孩子们获胜时，他们不应该只是欢呼或表现得咄咄逼人。A. comfort安慰；B. cheer欢呼；C. scold责骂；D. celebrate庆祝。根据第二段cheer when their child behaves中可知此处指孩子获胜时，家长为之欢呼。故选B。‎ ‎【38题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：此外，当孩子们受伤时，不应该允许他们继续玩。A. lost茫然的；B. tired疲惫的；C. hated憎恨；D. injured受伤的。第二段提到…are pushed to continue playing even when they are injured，因此此处应该是讲当小孩受伤（injured）时，不应该让他们继续比赛。同时，下一句children to play when injured也揭示了答案。故选D。‎ ‎【39题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果成年人允许儿童在受伤时玩耍，这就传达了一个信息：健康并不像获胜那么重要。A. force迫使；B. order命令；C. forbid禁止；D.‎ - 25 -‎ ‎ permit允许。承接上文家长不该让受伤的孩子继续比赛，可知假如家长允许（permit）小孩在受伤的情况下还坚持参加运动，这就透露出一条信息：比起健康，赢得比赛更重要。故选D。‎ ‎【40题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意；如果成年人允许儿童在受伤时玩耍，这就传达了一个信息：健康并不像获胜那么重要。A. performance表演；B. training训练；C. health健康；D. spirit精神。injured和身体的健康（health）有关。故选C。‎ 三 语法填空 China ___41___(launch) a national cloud learning platform since Feb.3 and started broadcasting primary school classes ___42___(make) sure the country’s 180 million students can still keep learning even though schools are closed, according to state-run news agency Xinhua. A new school semester, ___43___ (schedule) to start today, has been postponed indefinitely as part of ___44___(measure) to combat the coronavirus. China authorities have encouraged people to stay at home to help reduce ___45___(it) spread.‎ The approach differs by age. Primary school classes are being broadcast on one of China’s state TV channels. Junior and senior high school students in China can use an online learning platform ___46___ has 169 lessons covering 12 subjects for the first week, based on the national curriculum. Teachers will keep ___47___(update) the platform with new materials as needed.‎ The government has enlisted the China's three ___48___(big) telecoms operators-China Mobile, China Unicom and China Telecom-plus tech companies like Huawei, Baidu and Alibaba to back up the platform with 90 terabytes of bandwidth and 7,000 servers, ___49___ (ensure) up to 50 million students can use it simultaneously, according to state broadcaster CCTV News. About 600,000 teachers have also been using a livestreaming service called Dingtalk, built by Alibaba, to conduct online classes, the company said, although it has ____50____(apparent) not gone down so well with many students.‎ ‎【答案】41. has launched ‎ ‎42. to make ‎ - 25 -‎ ‎43. scheduled ‎ ‎44. measures ‎ ‎45. its 46. which/that ‎ ‎47. updating ‎ ‎48. biggest ‎ ‎49. ensuring ‎ ‎50. apparently ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。本文主要讲述了在应对新型肺炎病毒期间，中国启动了多种形式的网络学习平台来确保学生们能居家学习。‎ ‎【41题详解】‎ 考查动词时态。根据后文时间状语since Feb.3是现在完成时态的标志，且主语是单数专有名词，助动词应用has。故填has launched。‎ ‎【42题详解】‎ 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知make在句中作非谓语动词，且为动词不定式作目的状语。故填to make。‎ ‎【43题详解】‎ 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知schedule在句中作非谓语动词，与逻辑主语school semester构成被动关系，应用过去分词。故填scheduled。‎ ‎【44题详解】‎ 考查名词的数。measure为可数名词，前面没有冠词，故此处用复数形式表示泛指。故填measures。‎ ‎【45题详解】‎ 考查代词。修饰后文名词spread应用形容词物主代词its。故填its。‎ ‎【46题详解】‎ 考查定语从句。此处为定语从句修饰先行词platform，且先行词在定语从句中作主语，指物，故用关系代词which或that。故填which/that。‎ ‎【47题详解】‎ 考查非谓语动词。根据短语keep doing - 25 -‎ ‎ sth.表示“一直不停地做某事”后跟动名词形式。故填updating。‎ ‎【48题详解】‎ 考查最高级。句意：中国政府已经征集了中国三大电信运营商——中国移动、中国联通和中国电信。结合句意“最大的”可知应用形容词最高级形式。故填biggest。‎ ‎【49题详解】‎ 考查非谓语动词。句意：据中央电视台《新闻联播》报道，中国政府已经征集了中国三大电信运营商——中国移动、中国联通和中国电信加上华为、百度和阿里巴巴等科技公司，为该平台提供90兆字节带宽和7000台服务器的备份，确保多达5000万学生可以同时使用该平台。分析句子结构可知ensure在句中作非谓语动词，与逻辑主语The government构成主动关系，故用现在分词。故填ensuring。‎ ‎【50题详解】‎ 考查副词。修饰动词go应用副词apparently，表示“显然”。故填apparently。‎ ‎【点睛】定语从句中的关系词选择，可考虑以下几点：‎ ‎1、看清楚先行词的意义，就是理清先行词是指人、指物、时间、地点、原因。指物时不能用who或whom，指人时通常不用which等等。‎ ‎2、看清楚关系词的句法功能，就是理清关系词是担任什么句子成分，是作主语还是宾语、是作定语还是状语等等。作定语通常用whose，有时也用which。作状语要用when, where, why。‎ ‎3、看清楚定语从句的种类，就是理清是限制性定语从句还是非限制性定语从句。that、why通常不引导非限制性定语从句。 ‎ ‎4、看清楚文体，就是理清是正式文体，还是非正式文体。是书面语体还是口语体。‎ 如第六小题，此处为定语从句修饰先行词platform，且先行词在定语从句中作主语，指物，故用关系代词which或that。故填which/that。‎ 四 ‎51.短文改错 China and Western country may have different cultural beliefs about certain animals. But when it comes to pigs, we somehow reach an agreement that pigs are lazy, ugly, stupidly and shameless. Neither of these words describing pigs are exactly positive. Moreover, the truth is what pigs have some good qualities. And there’s probably no good time to clear their names than now, with the arrival of the Year - 25 -‎ ‎ of the Pig on Chinese Spring Festival, which fell February 5 this year. According to a paper publishing in 2017, pigs can tell between those who treat them well or those who don’t. Perhaps these are the qualities of pigs to keep it in mind-their intelligence, cuteness and patience.‎ ‎【答案】1. country→countries ‎2. stupidly→stupid ‎3. Neither→None ‎4. Moreover→However ‎5. what→that ‎6. good→better ‎7. February前面加on ‎8. publishing→published ‎9. or→and ‎ ‎10. it去掉 ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。本文以猪为例讲述中国和西方国家对某些动物可能有不同的文化信仰，但对猪的看法是一致的。中国农历猪年是为它们正名的最佳时机。‎ ‎【详解】1.考查名词的数。country为可数名词，根据上文China and Western可知应用复数泛指国家。故country改为countries。‎ ‎2.考查形容词。此处作表语应用形容词stupid，表示“愚蠢的”。故stupidly改为stupid。‎ ‎3.考查代词。句意：这些描述猪的词没有一个是正面的。neither是否定两者，none否定三者或以上。此处上文描述猪的词语不止两个，故应用none。故Neither改为None。‎ ‎4.考查副词。句意：然而，事实是猪有一些好的品质。结合句意前后句意是转折关系，故用however。故Moreover改为However。‎ ‎5.考查连接词。此处为表语从句，从句中不缺少成分，故应用that引导。故what改为that。‎ ‎6.考查比较级。句意：现在可能是为他们正名的最佳时机，因为今年2月5日中国将迎来农历猪年。根据后面有than，可知应用比较级。故good改为better。‎ ‎7.考查介词。介词on后接具体日期。本句接February 5 this year. 故February前面加on。‎ - 25 -‎ ‎8.考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知publish在句中作非谓语动词，且与逻辑主语paper是被动关系，故用过去分词作后置定语。故publishing改为published。‎ ‎9.考查连词。句意：根据2017年发表的一篇论文，猪可以区分善待它们的人和不善待它们的人。前后词之间是并列关系，故应用and连接。故or改为and。‎ ‎10.考查固定短语。根据短语keep in mind表示“记住”。故it去掉。‎ ‎【点睛】当分词做状语的时候，如果构成分词的动词与句子的主语构成主动关系，就使用现在分词做状语；当二者构成被动关系，使用过去分词做状语。如果分词的动作发生在谓语动词之前，就使用分词的完成式。如果分词与句子的主语没有关系，可以使用状语从句或者独立主格结构。‎ 如第八小题，分析句子结构可知publish在句中作非谓语动词，且与逻辑主语paper是被动关系，故用过去分词作后置定语。故publishing改为published。‎ 五．书面表达 ‎52.假定你是武汉某高中学生李华，你在2019武汉秋令营结识的朋友Andre了解到武汉爆发的新冠状病毒肺炎疫情，组织了德国伯乐中学中文合唱团倾情演唱中文歌《让世界充满爱》，为武汉加油。你看了这个小视频非常感动，请给他写一封英文感谢信。‎ 要点如下：1. 表达感动和感谢。 2. 告诉他你的现状。3. 表达信心和愿望。‎ 注意：‎ ‎1. 词数150左右；‎ ‎2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯 Dear Andre,‎ ‎____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ Yours,‎ Li Hua ‎【答案】Dear Andre,‎ - 25 -‎ Words failed me when I watched the video from your school chorus. Especially when I heard “Come on, Wuhan!”, I was so deeply moved that I couldn't help replaying it again and again. I truly appreciate your love and support.‎ Those days at the Autumn Camp are unforgettable. I often enjoy the pictures taken at the camp. Currently, I hardly go out due to the outbreak of novel Coronavirus. Instead, I spend time taking online courses, watching American plays or listening to English songs. And it takes me a little time to read books that I am keen on. Can you inform me of your recent life in the next e-mail? People across the country support Wuhan to the best of their ability. I'm definitely convinced that we can get through the hard times.‎ Looking forward to your next visit to China! May our friendship last forever!‎ Yours,‎ Li Hua ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇提纲类写作。‎ ‎【详解】第1步：根据提示可知，假定你是武汉某高中学生李华，你在2019武汉秋令营结识的朋友Andre了解到武汉爆发的新冠状病毒肺炎疫情，组织了德国伯乐中学中文合唱团倾情演唱中文歌《让世界充满爱》，为武汉加油。你看了这个小视频非常感动，请给他写一封英文感谢信。要点如下：1. 表达感动和感谢。 2. 告诉他你的现状。3. 表达信心和愿望。‎ 第2步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组）：moved (感动的)；couldn't help doing sth.(忍不住做某事)；unforgettable (难忘的)；novel Coronavirus (新冠状病毒)；be keen on (喜爱)等。‎ 第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。此处文章主要应用一般过去时和一般现在时。‎ 第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。‎ ‎【点睛】范文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级表达方式，如I was so deeply moved that I couldn't help replaying it again and again.运用结果状语从句；I'm definitely convinced that we can get through the hard - 25 -‎ ‎ times.运用了宾语从句。全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。‎ - 25 -‎ ‎ ‎ - 25 -‎