高考英语一轮复习第1部分基础知识解读Unit4Sharing教师用书新人教版选修7 9页

只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 1 Unit 4 Sharing Ⅰ.写作单词——会拼写 1．relevant adj. 有关的；切题的 2．remote adj. 遥远的；偏僻的 3．otherwise conj. 否则；不然 adv. 用别的方法；其他方面 4．purchase vt.& n. 买；购买 5．adjust vi.&vt. 调整；(使)适合 →adjustable adj. 可调整的；可调节的 →adjustment n. 调整；调节 6．participate vi. 参与；参加 →participant n. 参加者，参与者 →participation n. 参加；参与 7．click v. (使)发出咔嗒声 n. 咔嗒声 8．donate vt. 捐赠 →donation n. 捐赠；捐献 9．voluntary adj. 自愿的；志愿的；无偿的 →voluntarily adv. 自愿地；无偿地 10．politics n. 政治(学) →political adj. 政治的；政党的 →politically adv. 政治上 11．distribute vt. 分配；分发 →distribution n. 分配；分发；分布状态 12．operate vi.&vt. 工作；运转；操作 →operation n. 操作；手术 →operator n. 操作人员；接线员 Ⅱ.阅读单词——要识记 13．privilege n． 特权；特别优待 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 2 14．toast vt. 烤(面包等)；敬酒 n. 烤面包(片)；吐司面包；干杯 15．arrange v. 安排；排列 16．clinic n. 门诊部；小诊所 高频短语——会默写 1．hear from 接到……的信 2．(be)dying to 极想；渴望 3．the other day 不久前的一天 4．be relevant to 和……有关 5．participate in 参与……；参加…… 6．dry out (使浸水等之物)完全变干；干透 7．dry up (指河流、井等)干涸 8．in need 在困难中；在危急中 9．come across 遇见 10．stick out 伸出 教材原句——会背诵 句式仿写——能应用 1.To be honest, I doubt whether I'm making any difference to these boys' lives at all.(doubt whether...怀疑是 否……) 1.诚实地说，我怀疑他们两天内能否完成这 项艰巨的任务。 To be honest，I doubt whether they will finish the hard task in two days. 2.We walked for two and a half hours to get there－first up a mountain to a ridge from where we had fantastic views and then down a steep path to the valley below.(from where 引导定语从 句) 2.那个男孩爬到了那栋建筑物的三楼，从那 个地方他可以看得更远。 The boy climbed into the third storey of the building，from where he would look farther into the distance. 3.The gift you give is not something your loved one keeps but a voluntary contribution towards the lives of people who really need it.(not...but...不是……而是……) 3.是你现在做的事情而不是你说的话对你今 后的生活有重大影响。 It is not what you say today but what you do today that makes a great difference to your life tomorrow. 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 3 精讲 4 个考纲单词 adjust vi.&vt.调整；(使)适合 [教材原句] The hut was dark inside so it took time for our eyes to adjust. 小屋内很黑，因此眼睛要过好一阵才能适应过来。 (1)adjust sth.to sth. 调整……以适应…… adjust to sth./doing sth. 适应于(做)…… adjust oneself to 使自己适应于…… (2)adjustment n. 调整；调节；适应 make an adjustment to 对……作出调整 ①However，I think that you will quickly adjust to them although the weather and the food are different from yours.(2014 年天津高考·书面表达) 然而，虽然天气、食物与你以往有所不同，我相信你会很快适应的。 【导学号：30892165】 ②Some schools will have to make adjustments (adjust) in agreement with the national soccer reform.(2015 年江苏高考·单项填空)一些学校将不得不作出调整，以便 和国家足球改革保持一致。 participate vi.参与；参加 [经典例句] We all feel honoured if you can participate in the activity with us.(2017 年石家庄一模·书面表达)如果你能与我们一起参加这项活动我们都感到很荣幸。 (1)participate with sb.in sth. 与某人分担……；同某人一起参与某事 participate in sth./doing sth. 参加(做)某事 (2)participant n. 参加者；共享者 participation n. 参与；分担；共享 ①You should participate with your friend in his sufferings.你应当分担朋友 的苦恼。 ②All the participants (participate)in the debate will have an opportunity to speak. 所有参加辩论的人都有机会发言。 privilege n．特权；特别优待 [教材原句] It was such a privilege to have spent a day with Tombe's family. 能与汤贝一家一起度过一天的时间真是莫大的荣幸。 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 4 (1)It is a privilege to do sth. 有幸做某事 have the privilege to do/of doing sth. ＝have the right to do sth. 有做某事的特权 (2)privileged adj. 享有特权的；荣幸的；幸运的 ①Ladies and gentlemen，I have the great privilege of introducing(introduce)our speaker for tonight. 女士们、先生们，我很荣幸地向大家介绍今晚的发言人。 【导学号：30892166】 ②We consider ourselves privileged (privilege)to have been invited to give a speech here. 我们认为被邀请到这里作演讲深感荣幸。 operate vi.工作；运转；动手术；起作用 vt.操作；经营 [经典例句] The car parks operate a payasyouleave system. 这些停车场按“离开时付费”的收费方式运作。 [一词多义] 写出下列句中 operate 的词性和含义 ①People were trapped between floors because the lift didn't operate properly. vi.运转 ②No matter which machine he operates，he will deal with it carefully.vt.操 作 ③If the doctor had operated on him earlier，he wouldn't have died.vi. 动 手 术 ④The medicine will operate in ten minutes. vi.起作用 ⑤ The people operating these factories are deeply concerned about the environment. vt.经营 (1)operate on sb. 给某人动手术 (2)operation n. 运转；手术 come/go into operation 开始工作/运转；生效 put sth.into operation 实施/施行…… ⑥It's reported that the local government will put the new law into operation (operate)next month. 据报道当地政府将于下个月实施这部新法律。 诠释 2 个核心短语 (be) dying to 极想；渴望 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 5 [经典例句] Firstly，as a student who is dying to learn knowledge，it is necessary to build an effective method in your study.首先，作为一名渴望学习知识的学生，你 在学习中有必要形成一种有效的学习方法。 (1)be dying/thirsty for sth. 渴望得到某物 (2)be anxious/eager to do sth./for sth. ＝long to do sth./for sth. 想要……；渴望…… ①The child wants to return to school because he is thirsty for knowledge. 那个孩子想回到学校，因为他渴望获得知识。 ②Mike is eager to stay(stay) away from the busy city life for a while. 迈克渴望离开繁忙的城市生活一段时间。 in need 在困难中；在危急中 [经典例句] As the saying goes，“A friend in need is a friend indeed”． 俗话说：“患难见真情”。 in need of 需要 There is no need for sth. 不需要某物 There is no need to do sth. 没有必要做某事 ①Deeds are better than words when people are in need of help. 当人们需要帮助时，行动比话语更好。 ②There's no need for you to be concerned about his future. 你没有必要担心他的未来。 突破 2 个高考句型 (教材 P29)We walked for two and a half hours to get there—first up a mountain to a ridge from where we had fantastic views and then down a steep path to the valley below. 我们步行了两个半小时才到达那里——先是爬山，爬到山脊能看到奇妙的景色，然后走 下一个陡坡，一直走到下边的山谷。 句中 from where 引导的定语从句修饰 a ridge。 在“介词＋关系词”引导的定语从句中，关系词常为 which 和 whom；关系副词 where 和 when 之前一般不加介词，比较特殊的有 from where 和 since when。 ①Alice stood at the window，from where she could watch her classmates playing football. 艾丽斯站在窗户旁边，从那里她可以观看同学们踢足球。 ②I made the acquaintance of Mr. Stephenson five years ago，since when we have 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 6 kept in touch and shared a lot concerning cloning technology. 我和斯蒂芬森先生 5 年前结识了，从那以后我们一直保持联系并且分享了许多有关克隆 技术的知识。 [链接写作] 句式升级 The little girl was finally found hidden behind the door, and from there she could hear what her parents said. →The little girl was finally found hidden behind the door from where she could hear what her parents said. 【导学号：30892167】 (教材 P34)The gift you give is not something your loved one keeps but a voluntary contribution towards the lives of people who really need it.你送的礼 物不是给你所爱的人留念的，而是给那些确实有生活需要的人的一项志愿性捐助。 句中 not...but...意思是“不是……，而是……”，连接两个表语。 (1)not...but...连接两个平行成分，当连接两个主语时，谓语动词的数按“就近一致” 原则确定。 (2)not only...but (also)，either...or...，neither...nor...连接两个主语时，谓 语动词的数按“就近一致”原则确定。 ①It is not how much we do but how much love we put into what we do that benefits our work most. 能给我们工作带来最大益处的不是我们做了多少，而是我们对于自己所做的事情付出了 多少爱。 ②Not you but she is (be)wanted on the telephone.电话里找的是她而不是你。 ③Not only his family but also he likes Chaplin's movies. 不但他的家人而且连他也喜欢卓别林的电影。 [多角快练]——练单词 练短语 练句型———————————— 基础考点全面练 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1. This makes it even more difficult to say whether classical music is relevant young people. 2．We thought it privilege to have been invited to such a wedding party, where all guests drank a toast for the bride and bridegroom. 3．With all the necessities (purchase), Mrs Clark drove home directly. 4．The people who made great (contribute) to human beings and society should be respected. 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 7 5．Mrs Green had just finished her housework her son Tony got home yesterday. 6．It's not that I am unwilling to help you， that I'm tied up with extra work these days. 【答案】 1.to 2.a 3.purchased 4.contributions 5.when 6.but Ⅱ.单句改错 1．They used to donate a large sum of money for the Red Cross every year. 2．After supper, he usually stood near the window, where he could see the tower, the tallest building in this city. 【导学号：30892168】 3．Helen has borrowed my book the other day saying that she would return it soon. 4．Yesterday there was a sports meeting in our school with hundreds of students participating in. 5．When it rains, the ground becomes very mud. 【答案】 1.for→to 2.where 前加 from 3.去掉 has 4.去掉 participating 后的 in 5.mud→muddy 重难考点多维练 adjust 面面观 (1)单句语法填空 ①This kind of camera can (adjust) to the height you need. Besides, it's not expensive at all. ②We have made an (adjust) to our price and give you a special discount of 3 percent. ③When a child is studying abroad, he must learn to adjust to (live) on his own. (2)一句多译 在高中时迈克的妈妈为他做了几乎所有的事情，这让他难以适应大学第一年的生活。 ④Mike's mother did almost everything for him when he was in high school， the firstyear college life. (使用定语从句) 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 8 ⑤Mike's mother did almost everything for him when he was in high school， the firstyear college life.(使用现在分词作结果状语) 【导学号：30892169】 【答案】 ①be adjusted ②adjustment ③living ④which made it difficult for him to adjust to ⑤making it difficult for him to adjust to Ⅰ.课文短文改错 根据 P34 教材课文内容，对下面材料进行修改。文中共有 10 处语言错误，每句中最多有 两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。 Would you like to donate a unusual gift? The gift you give is not something which your loved one keeps. It is a contribution in the lives of people who really needs it. Choose really useful gift for some of the world's poorest. Bring hope for a better future to a community in the need. This gift will train a whole village in new agriculture methods. It provides seeds and simple agricultural equipments. Just 20% more produce will mean the difference between sick and health, between families go hungry and families providing for themselves. 【答案】 1.第一句的 a→an 2.第二句的 which→that 或去掉 which 3.第三句的 in→towards 4.第三句 needs→need 5.第四句 really 前加 a 6.第五句的 the 去掉 7. 第六句的 agriculture→agricultural 8.第七句的 equipments→equipment 9.第八句的 sick→sickness 10.第八句的 go→going Ⅱ.高考话题微写作 根据提示，运用本单元所学知识完成下面的小作文。 1．王华到一个偏僻的小山村做志愿者工作已经两个月了。(remote；voluntary) 2．她的父母急切盼望收到她的来信，但是信要过两个星期才能到。(be dying to do； hear from；fortnight) 3．王华正忙于适应那里的生活，要不然早就写信了。(adjust；otherwise) 4．王华打算说服她的朋友为那些需要帮助的人捐一些钱。(donate；in need) 【参考范文】 Wang Hua has gone to a remote village to do some voluntary work for two months.Her 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 9 parents are dying to hear from her，but it will take them a fortnight to receive her letter.Wang Hua is busy adjusting herself to the life there，otherwise she would have sent a letter to her parents.She plans to persuade her friends to donate some money to those in need.