高考英语一轮复习Unit2Theenvironment课时跟踪检测A卷必修5 7页

只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 1 The environment 课时跟踪检测 A 卷 Ⅰ.单项填空 1．(2015·无锡高三模拟)The TV show, China’s Got Talent Ⅲ， has a large audience, ________ from children to grandparents. A．ranged B．to range C．ranging D．having ranged 2．(2015·长沙一中一模)Large quantities of information, as well as some timely help, ________ since the organization was built. A．has offered B．had been offered C．have been offered D．is offered 3．(2015·安徽蚌埠四校期中)I dislike ________ when I am left alone to start a conversation with a stranger. A．that B．it C．this D．one 4．(2015·盐城一模)Mary took ________ advantage of the opportunity and tried to make ________ good impression on her new boss. A．an; a B．不填； a C．an; 不填 D．不填； 不填 5．(2015·苏锡常镇四市高三调研)Some social organizations have set up reading clubs to promote reading but the effort, though ________， is far from enough. A．appreciated B．appreciating C．having appreciated D．to appreciate 6．(2015·湖南长沙四校高考模拟卷二)— Where is Jimmy? — Just now I saw him sitting under the tree, ________ in his video games. A．absorbed B．absorbing C．to absorb D．absorb 7．(2015·徐州高三模拟)Confidence is more than just an attitude; it comes from a strong commitment to take ________， rather than just let life happen. A．consideration B．effect C．responsibility D．account 8．(2015·武汉武昌区高三调研)For an artist who has no lack of passion and great courage to overcome any difficulty, inspirations of his art will never ________. A．break out B．run out C．work out D．pull out 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 2 9．(2015·浙江绍兴一模)Our every ________ and mood can be effectively conveyed with the use of facial expressions and body language. A．emotion B．potential C．belief D．motivation 10．(2015·常州高三质检)I believe that ________ I read, ________ I learn. A．the many books; the much information B．the more books; the more information C．the more books; the less information D．the fewer books; the more information 11．(2015·苏州四校联考)Chinese tennis player Li Na finally captured the Australian Open 2014, ________ the first woman over 30 to win the title in Australia. A．to become B．become C．became D．becoming 12．(2015·湖南十二校联考)It is so wet there that the trees are extremely tall, some ________ over 90 meters. A．measure B．measures C．measuring D．measured 13．(2015·浙江省金丽衢十二校高三第二次联考)Advanced technology was brought into the local factory last year. ________， the daily output has doubled by now. A．As a result B．In particular C．In addition D．To be honest 14．(2015·合肥市名校教学质检)I have come to realize the way ________ Richard impresses everybody is really practical. A．where B．which C．how D．that 15．(2015·江苏重点中学高三联考)— It’s immoral to smoke in an airconditioned bus. — ________， but I often see that kind of thing. A．I don’t think so B．I’m with you there C．It’s no surprise D．It doesn’t make sense Ⅱ.阅读理解 A (2015·扬州中学高三质量检测)With 10, 600 bicycles in circulation, Paris city officials are hoping the program will provide people with more environmentally friendly transportation. 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 3 It seems both Parisians and tourists are taking advantage of the program. Since its launch a little over two weeks ago, Vélib has already seen almost half a million rentals. And, with the addition of 10, 000 more bikes and 700 more stations in the next 12 months, city officials expect at least 200, 000 regular users by year end. Parisian Olivier Bioret has already gone for a spin on one of Vélib’s vehicles and plans to make use of them more often. “It’s a real pleasure — when, like me, you don’t have space enough in your flat to have your own bike — to be able to discover, to cross Paris and not have to take the subway，”he said. As a socialist and longtime green activist, Mayor Bertrand Delanoe regards Vélib as just a part of his plan to reduce car traffic and, thus, lower pollution by 2020. Apart from its environmental benefits, Vélib is also being praised as a way of collecting money for the city, for all the money from rentals goes to the city government. Paris is not alone in its attempt to profit from the power of the bicycles. Across the globe, cities such as Barcelona, which stated its bikeshare program in March with 1, 500 vehicles and 100 stations, and New York, which launched a fiveday trial program last month, are using bicycles as a way to cut back on both traffic and pollution. However, it remains to be seen whether people’s acceptance of these programs is simply a passing fashion or whether this movement has the power to take root and transform the face of public transportation around the world. 1．The real purpose of Vélib is ________. A．to help people save money and space B．to make some money for the city government C．to provide convenience to both Parisians and tourists D．to reduce traffic and pollution in the city 2．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．There will be 700 stations in one year’s time. B．There will be over 20, 000 bikes in use in a year. C．In the first two weeks there were nearly a million rentals. D．There will be 200, 000 regular rentals each day by year end. 3．We can know from the passage that________. A．other cities also have such programs B．Parisians can use the bicycles free of charge C．Paris sets an example to many other cities 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 4 D．Paris is the first city to start such a program 4．As to the future of the program, the author is ________. A．critical B．optimistic C．uncertain D．negative B (2015·广州调研)Ever wonder how this season’s celebrations affect the environment? Guest blogger Krista Fairles takes an amusing look at this very topic. The holidays are a wonderful, cheerful time when most people wait for Santa to bring them presents. But I’m not like most people. I spend my time wondering just what the environmental impacts of Santa Claus and his reindeer are, and more importantly, how I can calculate those impacts. Lately I’ve been particularly curious as to whether Santa’s old sled is a clean green flying machine, or if he should be replacing his 8 reindeer with an environmentallyfriendly car. I should mention that, surprisingly, I was unable to find statistics specific to Santa’ s magical flying reindeer, so these calculations use numbers from various sources and may not represent actual pollution caused by Santa and his animals. In other words, don’t complain to the government about the damage Santa is causing the environment based on this article. Santa’s yearly trip around the globe is 44,000 km long, twice the average of a North American driver. If we assume that the magic provides the altitude for this trip, then reindeer power only needs to push Santa’s sled forward. To complete the trip in 12 hours, I estimate they must travel at a speed of about 3,100 km/h. To travel at this speed, for this length of time, the reindeer need to eat an incredible 980 million calories each! So the next question is: how much food is in 980 million calories? Well, if they’ re eating corn, they’d need to eat 16,500 lbs each — or 1.6 acres of food. Growing 12.8 acres of corn has its own implications for the environment that we’ll leave for another calculation. We now need to consider that during the global trip the reindeer are “letting out” some of that corn in the form of methane (甲烷). A resting cow produces 110 kg of methane per year, so flying reindeer would each let out about 4.8 tons. With methane causing 20 times the global warming damage of CO2, and the altitude increasing that damage by 1,000% that another 20 times, we can put Santa’s roundtrip emissions at 15,488 tons. This is much more than the 100 tons an environmentallyfriendly car would release on the same trip! 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 5 Bad Santa. 5．Which aspect does the writer NOT include in her analyses about reindeer’s influence on the environment? A．Distance covered. B．Calories consumed. C．Tons of waste let out. D．Money spent on food. 6．According to Paragraph 6, how many acres of corn would Santa need to feed 10 reindeer? A．1.6. B．16. C．12.8. D．128. 7．Which of the following statements would the writer most probably agree with? A．Christmas celebrations are really a waste of money. B．Vegetarians are more likely to survive than meateaters. C．Raising animals has a negative influence on the environment. D．The car industry does less harm to the environment than farming. 8．Which of the following words best describes the language style of the passage? A．Humourous and concerned. B．Cheerful and friendly. C．Academic and formal. D．Serious and boring. 9．Which of the following is the best title for this passage? A．Is Santa Driving Clean and Green? B．Santa, Watch Where You’re Going! C．Santa Claus Is Coming to Town! D．Let’s Reduce Waste on Christmas Celebrations! 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 6 答 案 Ⅰ.1.选 C range 与其逻辑主语 audience 为主动关系，排除 A 项，to range 表示未来的动作， 不合题意；having ranged 表示该动作发生在主句谓语动词之前，亦不合题意。 2．选 C 句中出现了 since 从句，句子用现在完成时，且 quantities of＋名词作主语时，谓 语动词用复数形式，故选 C。 3．选 B 句意：我不喜欢把我自己一个人留下来和一个陌生人谈话。“like, hate, dislike, appreciate 等＋it＋if/when 从句”为固定句型。 4．选 B take advantage of“利用”；make a good impression on ...“给……留下印象”。 5．选 A 句意：一些社会机构建立了阅读俱乐部来提倡阅读，尽管这些努力得到了人们的青睐， 但还远远不够。这里 though 引导的让步状语从句使用了省略形式，动词 appreciate 与前面的名词 effort 是逻辑上的动宾关系，因此用“连词＋过去分词”的形式。 6．选 A 句意：“吉米在哪儿？”“我刚才看见他坐在树下，沉醉于视频游戏。”be absorbed in 意为“专心于，沉醉于”，此处用过去分词短语作伴随状语。 7．选 C 句意：信心不仅仅是一种态度；它来自承担责任的坚定承诺，而不是随波逐流。 responsibility“责任”，符合句意。consideration“考虑”；effect“影响”；account“账户， 记述，理由”。 8．选 B 句意：对于一个不缺少激情和战胜任何困难的勇气的艺术家来说，他的艺术灵感将永 远不会枯竭。run out“用完，耗尽”，符合句意。break out“爆发”；work out“计算，解决”； pull out“驶出，脱离”。 9．选 A 句意：我们的每一种情绪和心情都可以通过我们的面部表情和肢体语言有效地表达出 来。根据“and”提示可知，此处是“mood”的同义词。emotion“情感”，符合语境。potential“潜 力”；belief“信仰”；motivation“动机”。 10．选 B 句意：我相信我读的书越多，学到的知识就越多。 “the＋比较级，the＋比较级” 表示“越……，越……”。 11．选 D 句意：中国网球运动员李娜最终赢了 2014 年澳大利亚公开赛，成为第一个在澳大利 亚赢得冠军的年龄在 30 岁以上的女性。空处填 becoming，为现在分词作状语，表示自然而然的结 果。 12．选 C 句意：那儿的天气是那么潮湿，以至于那些树都非常高，有些有 90 多米。“some ________ over 90 meters”与前面的句子之间没有连词连接，且用了逗号，故本结构应为独立主格 结构。measure 表示“(指尺寸、长短、数量等)量度为”时是系动词，与 some(trees)之间是主动关 系，故用现在分词。 13．选 A 句意：去年，当地工厂引进了先进技术。结果，到现在为止日产量已经翻了一番。 as a result“结果”；in particular“特别”；in addition“此外”；to be honest“说实话”。 14．选 D way 为特殊的先行词，引导词在定语从句中作方式状语时，从句可以由 in which/that 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 7 引导，也可以省略引导词。 15．选 B 句意：“在空调公交车上抽烟是不道德的(行为)。”“我和你想的一样，但我经常 看到这样的情况。”根据语境可知，空处表示答话人同意对方的看法，故选 B 表示“我和你想的一 样”。 Ⅱ. 语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道，主要报道了巴黎开展的为市民提供租借自行车服务以 倡导环保并缓解交通压力的活动。 1．选 D 写作意图题。根据文章第五段的内容可知，此项活动是为了推进巴黎的环保式交通， 即缓解交通压力，减少污染。 2．选 B 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“With 10, 600 bicycles in circulation”和第二段 中的“And, with the addition of 10, 000 more bikes ... in the next 12 months”可知，已 有 10 600 辆自行车，在未来 12 个月内会新增 10 000 辆，所以在未来一年内会有 20 600 辆自行车 投入使用，B 项表述正确。 3．选 A 细节理解题。通过对文章倒数第二段的整体理解可知，全球有一些城市，如 Barcelona 和 New York 也开展了类似的活动。 4．选 C 观点态度题。根据文章最后一段“However, it remains to be seen ...”可推知， 作者对这一活动的前景并不确定。critical 意为“批判的”；optimistic 意为“乐观的”； uncertain 意为“不确定的”；negative 意为“负面的”。 语篇解读：作者从圣诞老人的行程和驯鹿谈到环保，提出了人们在庆祝圣诞节的同时要 关注环保问题。 5．选 D 细节理解题。根据第五段的第一句判断，A 在其分析的范围内；根据第六段的第一句 判断，B 在其分析的范围内；根据倒数第二段判断，C 在其分析的范围内。只有 D 项“花在食物上的 钱”在文中没有提及。 6．选 B 数字计算题。根据第六段的第二句可知，每只驯鹿会吃掉 1.6 英亩的食物，题干中是 喂养 10 只，因此用 1.6×10＝16，故 B 项正确。 7．选 C 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的最后一句可以推断 C 项正确。 8．选 A 推理判断题。作者在第二至四段中用了幽默的语言指出了圣诞老人乘坐驯鹿派发圣诞 礼物会对环境造成破坏，从第五至七段列举的数字可以看出作者对此感到担忧。 9．选 A 标题归纳题。通读全文可知，作者分析了圣诞老人乘坐他的驯鹿派发圣诞礼物会对环 境造成破坏，由此可知 A 项作标题最恰当。