2020届二轮复习短文改错专题技能突破之分析句子，纠正“句法”错误　 3页

2020 届二轮复习 短文改错专题技能突破之分析句子，纠正“句法” 错误　 【技能讲解】　分析句子，检查三大从句的引导词是否符合语法 规则，如定语从句的引导词 that， which， who， where 等的使用是 否正确，名词性从句的引导词 that 和 what 是否混用，状语从句的使 用是否把 although 和 but， because 和 so 重复使用。检查感叹句的感 叹词 what， how 使用是否正确。此外，分析句子的主语谓语在数上 是否一致，特别是定语从句中的谓语动词单复数，是否和作主语的关 系代词所指定的名词单复数一致。 典例剖析 1.Obeying the traffic rules are what all of us should pay attention to particularly. [答案]　are→is　考查主谓一致。由动名词、动词不定式、从句 作主语时，谓语动词用单数。Obeying the traffic rules 是动名词短语作 主语，因此谓语动词用单数。 2．How a wonderful world he leads us to. [答案]　How→What　考查感叹句式。how 后加形容词，what 后 加名词，a wonderful world 为名词短语，因此用 what。 3．The capital city is Lhasa, what is honored as “The highest city in the world”. [答案]　what→which　考查定语从句引导词。what 不是定语从句 的引导词，在非限制性定语从句中作主语且指物 Lhasa 的关系代词只 能用 which。 4．[课标全国卷Ⅱ]After looking at the toy for some time, he turned around and found where his parents were missing. [答案]　where→that 或去掉 where　考查宾语从句引导词。此处 宾语从句不缺成分且意思完整，故用 that 引导，that 也可省略。 技能演练 1.单句改错 (1)Although she received little school education, but she is aware that knowledge is of great importance to young people. ________________________________________________________ ________________ (2)If you notice that when someone is missing or hurt, tell your teacher immediately. ________________________________________________________ ________________ (3)The family as well as their dog was trapped on the roof by the flood. ________________________________________________________ ________________ (4)I'm sure it won't be long until we find out the truth. ________________________________________________________ ________________ (5)He is the only one of the students who have been to America. ________________________________________________________ ________________ 答案：(1)去掉 but　(2)去掉 when　(3)was→were (4)until→before　(5)have→has 2．短文改错 One day I pushed my cousin Li Dong in wheelchair on an especially narrow sidewalk. We struggle along with one wheel on the sidewalk or the other on the road. Sudden, a man riding his motorcycle passed us rapidly, missing Li Dong by several inch. Immediately, he stopped his motorcycle, turned round and came over. We were worried he would blame us for have stood in his way. To his surprise, he said nothing at all and helped out push the wheelchair until we reached a slightly wider sidewalk. Then he left after we could say thanks to him. We were leaving ashamed of what we had thought. 答案： One day I pushed my cousin Li Dong in ∧ a wheelchair on an especially narrow sidewalk. We struggle struggled along with one wheel on the sidewalk or and the other on the road. Sudden Suddenly ， a man riding his motorcycle passed us rapidly, missing Li Dong by several inch inches . Immediately, he stopped his motorcycle, turned round and came over. We were worried he would blame us for have having stood in his way. To his our surprise, he said nothing at all and helped out＼ push the wheelchair until we reached a slightly wider sidewalk. Then he left after before we could say thanks to him. We were leaving left ashamed of what we had thought.