江苏省南京市盐城市2020届高三第二次模拟考试英语试题 Word版含解析 34页

www.ks5u.com 南京市、盐城市2020届高三年级第二次拟考试卷 英语试题 第一部分听力(共两节，满分20分)‎ 做题时，先将答案标在试春上.录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题纸上。‎ 第一节(共5小题:每小题1分，满分5分)‎ 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的人A. B. C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读-一遍。‎ ‎1. Why is Mike so unhappy?‎ A He failed one of his exams. B. He is upset about others. C. He is worried about physics.‎ ‎2. How does the man probably feel?‎ A Happy. B. Nervous. C. Disappointed.‎ ‎3. Who is the woman speaking to?‎ A . A bank clerk. B. A tour guide. C. A customs officer.‎ ‎4. What can we learn from the conversation?‎ A Ann left here two years ago. B. The woman has covered a long way.‎ C The man has lived here for two years.‎ ‎5. What will the man probably do tomorrow?‎ A Stay at home. B. Do some shopping C. Take an interview.‎ 第二节(共15小题: 每小题1分，调分15分)‎ 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A. B. C三个选项中选出最佳选项，井标在试卷的相应位置.听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题。每小题5秒钟:听完后，各小愿将给出5秒钟的做答时间。每段对话成独白读两迎。‎ 听第6段材料，回答第6. 7题。‎ ‎6. Where docs the conversation take place?‎ A. In an office B. In a restaurant. C In an apartment.‎ ‎7. What will the man do next?‎ - 34 -‎ A Go to work. B. Have dinner. C Visit the woman's boss.‎ 听第7段材料，回答第8-10题。‎ ‎8. What’s the probable relationship between the speakers?‎ A. Boss and worker. B. Waitress and customer. C. Interviewer and interviewee.‎ ‎9. When did the man get experience of design?‎ A. When he was at college. B. When he worked at Fashion Central.‎ C. When he studied computer programming ‎10. What does the job involve?‎ A. Moving to France. B. Doing some traveling. C. Working at weekends 听第8段材料，回答第11-13题。‎ ‎11. What is the man doing?‎ A. Checking out B. Booking a room. C. Renting a car.‎ ‎12. How much should the man pay for renting the car?‎ A.¥200. B.¥500. C.¥ 600.‎ ‎13. Where did the man go last night?‎ A. To a concert. B. To the bench. C. To a shopping mall,‎ 听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。:‎ ‎14. What is the test about?‎ A. Whether classical music can benefit one's intelligence.‎ B. Whether Beethoven had a higher 1Q than common people.‎ C. Whether students are willing to listen to Beethoven.‎ ‎15. How many students listened to Beethoven's in the test?‎ A.25. B.50. C.100.‎ ‎16. How does the man feel about the results?‎ A. Bored B. Excited C. Surprised.‎ 听第10段材料。回答第17至20题 ‎17. Why did the speaker give up the idea of being a chocolate tester?r A. It is a dangerous job B. It is hard to be professional C. He had to take more responsibility.‎ ‎18. What made the speaker want to become a football referee?‎ - 34 -‎ A. The salary B. The hobby. C. The training ‎19. What can Spotty be?‎ A.A dog B. A stylist. C. A doctor.‎ ‎20. Why did the speaker decide t0 become a journalist?‎ A He wanted to earn much money.‎ B. He was good at gathering information C. He was experienced in researching.‎ 第二部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分 35 分）‎ 第一节 单项填空（共 15 题，每题 1 分，满分 15 分）‎ 请认真阅读下各题，从题中所给的 A, B, C, D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。‎ ‎1.Sometimes life is not about the destination but a journey _______ we enjoy beautiful sights.‎ A. why B. which C. where D. that ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查定语从句。句意：有时候，生活并不在于目的地，而在于我们如何欣赏美丽的风景。分析句子可知，此处是定语从句关系词，先行词journey在从句中充当地点状语，故用关系副词where，故选C项。‎ ‎【点睛】本题考查定语从句关系词。确定定语从句关系词一般分为三步：找出先行词；分析先行词在从句所充当的成分；考虑特殊情况。以本题为例：‎ ‎1 找出先行词：journey ‎2. 分析先行词在从句中所充当的成分：journey在从句we enjoy beautiful sights.中充当地点状语，应用关系副词where ‎3. 考虑特殊情况：无 故用where，选C项。‎ ‎2.Julie's success _______ the faith her teachers had put in her.‎ A. clarified B. classified C. simplified D. justified ‎【答案】D - 34 -‎ ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Julie的成功证明了老师对她的信任是正确的。A. clarified澄清；B. classified分类；C. simplified简化；D. justified证明……有理/正确。结合句意可知，动词用“证明……正确”符合语境，故选D项。‎ ‎3.Ann _______ English literature in college, but now she's one of the most famous designers.‎ A. studied B. had studied C. has studied D. was studying ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查时态。句意：Ann大学时学的是英语文学，但是现在她是最著名的设计师之一。结合句意可知，本句强调过去和现在的对比，强调过去的动作，故用一般现在时，故选A项。‎ ‎4.Only medical supply trucks were granted safe _______ through this virus-stricken area.‎ A. position B. passage C. practice D. performance ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：只有医疗供应车被允许通过这个病毒肆虐地区的安全通道。A. position位置；B. passage通道；C. practice 练习；D. performance表演。结合句意可知，此处用“安全通道”符合语境，故选B项。‎ ‎5.Lily believes she can control the outcomes of her life _______ her hard work.‎ A. by virtue of B. for the sake of C. in the event of D. on top of ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：Lily 相信她可以通过努力工作，来掌握自己的人生。A. by virtue of凭借；B. for the sake of为了；C. in the event of万一；D. on top of胜任，逼近。结合句意可知，此处用“凭借”符合语境，故选A项。‎ ‎6.The boat whistled past, making the water in the river _______ open.‎ A. slid B. split C. sprayed D. slipped - 34 -‎ ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：船鸣着汽笛开过,划开了水面。A. slid滑行；B. split撕，扯，劈；C. sprayed喷洒；D. slipped滑。根据“The boat whistled pas”可知，此处是指船把河水划开，用“劈开”符合语境，故选B项。‎ ‎7.When studying at home, it's critical to _______ an inspirational studying environment.‎ A. set up B. polish up C. back up D. fix up ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：居家学习时，建立一个有启发性的学习环境是至关重要的。A. set up建立；B. polish up改善；C. back up支持；D. fix up修理，使固定。结合句意可知，此处用“建立环境”符合语境，故选A项。‎ ‎8.The demands for fresh water for drinking and agriculture exceed _______ is available A. Which B. where C. that D. what ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：饮用水和农业用水需求超标。A. Which哪个；B. where哪儿；C. that(无意义);D. what什么，指代事物。分析句子可知，此处是宾语从句连接词，从句缺少主语，且代指物，应用连接代词what，故选D项。‎ ‎【点睛】本题考查宾语从句连接词。确定宾语从句连接词一般分为三步：分析从句成分；联系上文意思；考虑特殊情况。以本题为例：‎ ‎1. 分析从句成分：从句_______ is available缺少主语 ‎2. 联系上文意思：本句意为“用于饮用和农业的淡水需求超过了可以获得的（淡水）”，指代物，用连接代词what ‎3. 考虑特殊情况：无 故用what，选D项。‎ ‎9."2020 will be a year of milestone significance, " President Xi said, _______ that the country will complete its task of building a power.‎ A. noted B. noting C. having noted D. being - 34 -‎ ‎ noted ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：习近平主席说：“2020年将是具有里程碑意义的一年，”习主席表示，中国将完成建设大国的任务。分析句子可知，此处应用非谓语动词作状语，逻辑主语President Xi和note之间是主动关系，故用现在分词作状语，having done是现在分词的完成式，虽然也表主动，但note没有发生在said之前，所以不能用having done，故选B项。‎ ‎10.— Do you think the only way to truly know a person is to argue with him?‎ ‎— I can't agree more. When the argument is _______ it reveals their character.‎ A. in full swing B. in the air C. under the nose D. under the counter ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：——你认为唯一可以真正了解一个人的方法是和他争论吗？——我非常同意。当争论全面展开时，它会揭露他们的性格。A. in full swing全面展开；B. in the air悬而未决；C. under the nose私下地；D. under the counter违法，走后门。根据it reveals their character.可知，此处用“全面展开”符合语境，故选A项。‎ ‎11._______ you make peace with who you are, you'll never be content with what you have.‎ A. If B. Since C. When D. Until ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查连词辨析。句意：除非你能和真实的自己和平相处,否则你永远不会对已拥有的东西感到满足。A. If如果；B. Since自从，因为；C. When当；D. Until直到。until和后面的否定词never构成固定结构not…until…“直到……才”,故选D项。‎ ‎12.Each new crew member _______ be provided with adequate health and safety protection, according to the Civil Aviation Regulations A. may B. will C. shall D. can ‎【答案】C - 34 -‎ ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意：根据民航条例，每个新船员都将被提供足够的安全和健康保护。A. may可能；B. will将要；C. shall将要；D. can能够，可以。此处考查shall的特殊用法，即shall用于二三人称表示，表示说话人给对方命令、警告、允诺或威胁，故选C项。‎ ‎【点睛】本题考查shall的用法 ‎1. 用于第一人称征求对方的意见，如： ‎ What shall I wear on the journey? 我路上穿什么好呢？ ‎ Shall we dance? 我们跳舞好吗？ ‎ ‎2. 用于第二、三人称时表示说话人给对方命令、警告、允诺或威胁，如： ‎ She shall get her share. 她可以得到她的一份。 ‎ According to the traffic regulations, he shall get punished.根据交通法规，他会受到惩罚。‎ ‎13.The clerk _______ a rise in salary from the boss, but he proved a disappointment.‎ A. expected B. has been expecting C. had been expecting D. has expected ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：这个职员一直期待老板涨工资，但是他失望了。根据句意可知，职员“期待涨工资”的动作发生在proved之前，即过去的过去，应用过去完成时，又该动作在过去之前一直在发生，所以应用过去完成进行时had been doing，故选C项。‎ ‎【点睛】本题考查过去完成进行时 过去完成进行时是相对过去的某个时刻来说已经对现在有直接影响并且还在进行的动作，其结构为had been doing，例如：‎ ‎1. He had been waiting for two weeks．他已经等了两周了。‎ ‎2. She had been suffering from a bad cold when she took the exam.她在考试之前一直患重感冒。‎ ‎14.There are many privacy concerns surrounding cybercrime when confidential information is revealed, lawfully or _______.‎ A. regardless B. instead C. rather D.‎ - 34 -‎ ‎ otherwise ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：当机密信息被以合法或其他方式泄漏时，网络犯罪会引发许多隐私问题。A. regardless无论如何；B. instead相反；C. rather相当，准确地说；D. otherwise以其他方式，在其他方面。根据句意可知，此处用“以其他方式”符合语境，故选D项。‎ ‎15.— I feel really bad about all the mess.‎ ‎— _______. I can clear it up later.‎ A. Forgive me B. Don't worry C. Don't mention it D. You're telling me ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查情景交际表达。句意：——我真为这一团糟感到难受。——别担心，我稍后会收拾。A. Forgive me见谅；B. Don't worry别担心；C. Don't mention it不客气；D. You're telling me我早就知道了。结合上下文可知，此处是对上一个说话人的安慰，故选B项。‎ 第二节 完型填空（共 20 小题：每小题 1 分，满分 20 分）‎ When I was a kid, we were out and about all the time, playing with our friends, in and out of each other’s houses, sandwich in pocket, making our own ___16___. Our parents ___17___ saw us from morning to night. We didn't have much stuff, but we came and went as we liked. ” This is roughly what you will ___18___ if you ask anyone over 30 about their ___19___ in a rich country.‎ Today such children will spend most of their time ___20___, often with parents rather than with friends, be supervised (监管) more closely, be driven everywhere ___21___ walking or cycling, take part in many more ___22___ activities, and probably engage with a screen of some kind. All this is done with the best of ___23___. Parents intend to protect their offspring from traffic, crime and other dangers, and to give them every opportunity to ___24___.‎ The children themselves seem fairly ____25____ with their lives. In a survey across the OECD, 15-year-olds were asked to ____26____ their satisfaction with their ‎ - 34 -‎ life on a scale from zero to ten. The ____27____ score was 7.3, with Finnish kids the ____28____ at nearly 7.9, and Turkish ones the gloomiest (灰暗的), at 6.1.‎ ‎____29____, that is not surprising. ____30____ parents these days, especially in America, invest a huge amount of time and money in their children to ensure that they will do ____31____ as well as the parents themselves have done, and preferably better. Those ____32____ and extra tutoring, music lessons and educational visits, together with lively discussions at home have proved effective at securing the good ____33____ that will open the doors to top universities and well-paid jobs. But working-class parents in America, for their part, ____34____ the means to engage in such intensive parenting. As a result, social divisions from one generation to the next are set to ____35____. A recent report by the World Bank showed that intergenerational social mobility in America is now among the lowest in all rich countries.‎ ‎16. A. plans B. schedule C. decisions D. entertainment ‎17. A. often B. hardly C. willingly D. reluctantly ‎18. A. say B. cite C. hear D. mention ‎19. A. study B. hobby C. family D. childhood ‎20. A. alone B. socially C. indoors D. outdoors ‎21. A. instead of B. regardless of C. due to D. next to ‎22. A. casual B. desired C. organized D. physical ‎23. A. rewards B. intentions C. guidance D. discipline ‎24. A. risk B. fail C. relax D. succeed ‎25. A. happy B. bored C. familiar D. unsatisfied ‎26. A. rate B. predict C. anticipate D. connect ‎27. A. final B. average C. minimum D. maximum - 34 -‎ ‎28. A. lowest B. poorest C. funniest D. sunniest ‎29. A. However B. Therefore C. Unluckily D. Hopefully ‎30. A. Rich B. Poor C. Kind D. Strict ‎31. A. at most B. at last C. at first D. at least ‎32. A. dull B. limited C. endless D. meaningless ‎33. A. fame B. grades C. positions D. identity ‎34. A. deny B. lack C. possess D. require ‎35. A. appear B. shorten C. disappear D. broaden ‎【答案】16. A 17. B 18. C 19. D 20. C 21. A 22. C 23. C 24. D 25. D 26. A 27. B 28. D 29. A 30. A 31. D 32. C 33. B 34. B 35. D ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇议论文。文章以作者的童年为切入点，主要讲述了越是富裕国家的孩子，越觉得生活不幸福，因为他们要在父母的监管下上很多课程，以实现父母希望他们至少和自己做的一样好的愿望。同时，这也会导致社会分化的加剧，因为一般工薪阶层的父母没有办法让孩子接触到好的教育。‎ ‎【16题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我还是孩子的时候，我们总是在外面和朋友玩耍，这家那家到处乱串，口袋里装着三明治，自己做安排。A. plans计划，安排；B. schedule日程；C. decisions决定；D. entertainment娱乐。根据下文的be supervised (监管) more closely可知作者小时候都是自己安排自己的事情，与现在的孩子大不相同。故选A项。‎ ‎【17题详解】‎ 考查副词词义辨析。句意：我们的父母几乎从早到晚都看不到我们。A. often常常；B. hardly几乎不；C. willingly乐意地；D. reluctantly不情愿地。根据上文的we were out and about all the time可知作者和小伙伴一整天都在外面，故此处用“父母几乎看不到我们”符合语境，故选B项。‎ ‎【18题详解】‎ - 34 -‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你问任何一个超过30岁、生活在富裕的国家的人他们的童年时，你几乎会听到这样的答案。A. say说；B. cite引用；C. hear听见；D. mention提到。根据上文的We didn't have much stuff, but we came and went as we liked.可知这是他们的回答，故此处用“听到”符合语境，故选C项。‎ ‎【19题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. study学习；B. hobby爱好；C. family家庭；D. childhood童年。根据上文的When I was a kid可知此处用“童年”符合语境，故选D项。‎ ‎【20题详解】‎ 考查副词词义辨析。句意：今天，孩子们大部分时间都待在室内，通常是和成年人而不是兄弟姐妹或朋友在一起，被更密切地监督，去哪里都有车接送而不是自己走路或骑车，参加多得多的有组织的活动，还很可能每天都要花几个小时在某种屏幕前面。A. alone独自地；B. socially 社交性地；C. indoors室内；D. outdoors户外。结合上下文可知，本句把现在的孩子和以前的孩子做对比，根据上文的we were out and about all the time可知此处用“室内”符合语境，故选C项。‎ ‎【21题详解】‎ 考查介词短语辨析。句意：同上。A. instead of而不是；B. regardless of 不管；C. due to由于；D. next to靠近。结合句意可知，此处是指现在的孩子无论去什么地方都是乘车，而不是步行或骑车，故选A项。‎ ‎【22题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. casual 随意的；B. desired渴望的；C. organized有组织的；D. physical身体的。根据上文的making our own ___1___可知以前的孩子都是自己玩，相比之下现在的孩子几乎都是参加有组织的活动，故选C项。‎ ‎【23题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：所有的这些都是在最好的引导下进行的。A. rewards回报；B. intentions意图；C. guidance 指导，引导；D. discipline纪律。根据上文内容可知，现在的孩子都是在父母的监管下参加有组织的活动，故此处用“引导”符合语境，故选C项。‎ ‎【24题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：父母计划保护他们的孩子不受到交通、犯罪或其它危险的伤害，并且给他们每一个可以成功的机会。A. risk冒险；B. fail失败；C. relax放松；D.‎ - 34 -‎ ‎ succeed成功。结合上下文可知，父母知所以监管孩子、让他们参加有组织的活动是为了让他们可以成功，故选D项。‎ ‎【25题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：孩子们似乎对他们的生活也感到非常不满意。A. happy幸福的；B. bored无聊的；C. familiar熟悉的；D. unsatisfied不满意的。根据下文的Turkish ones the gloomiest (灰暗的), at 6.1.可知此处用“不满意”符合语境，故选D项。‎ ‎【26题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在经合组织国家做了一个调查，15岁的孩子被要求给他们生活的满意度评分，从0分到10分。A. rate看待；B. predict预测；C. anticipate预料；D. connect连接。根据下文的on a scale from zero to ten可知此处用“打分”符合语境，故选A项。‎ ‎【27题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：平均分是7.3分，芬兰的孩子最阳光，平均几乎7.9分，土尔耳其小孩最忧愁，平均6.1分。A. final最后的；B. average平均的；C. minimum最小的；D. maximum最大的。根据下文可知，此处先说总的平均分，在分别说最高的和最低的分，故选B项。‎ ‎【28题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. lowest最低的；B. poorest最穷的；C. funniest最滑稽的；D. sunniest最阳光的。根据下文的Turkish ones the gloomiest (灰暗的)可知此处用“最阳光的”符合语境，gloomiest和sunniest是反义词复现，故选D项。‎ ‎【29题详解】‎ 考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，这并不让人意外。A. However 然而；B. Therefore因此；C. Unluckily不幸地；D. Hopefully充满希望地。结合上下文可知，富裕国家孩子反而对生活不满意，下文解释了原因，此处用“然而”符合语境，故选A项。‎ ‎【30题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：最近，有钱的父母，尤其在美国，在孩子身上投入了大量的时间和金钱，来确保他们至少可以和父母做得一样好，最好是做得更好。A. Rich有钱的；B. Poor 穷的；C. Kind善良的；D. Strict严格的。根据下文的invest a huge amount of time and money可知此处用“有钱的父母”符合语境，故选A项。‎ ‎【31题详解】‎ 考查副词短语辨析。句意：同上。A. at most至多；B. at last 最后；C. at first首先； D. at least至少。根据 preferably better.可知，此处是指他们对孩子 - 34 -‎ 最低要求就是要做得和他们自己一样好，故用“至少”符合语境，故选D项。‎ ‎【32题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那些无休止的额外辅导、音乐课、体育锻炼和各种教育参观之旅，以及在家里热烈讨论天底下的每个话题，已经证明非常有效地确保了良好的成绩和社交礼节，打开了通向顶尖大学和高薪工作的大门。。A. dull无聊的；B. limited有限的；C. endless无数的；D. meaningless无意义的。根据上文的invest a huge amount of time可推测这些孩子上了各种各样数目繁多的课，故此处用“无数的”符合语境，故选C项。‎ ‎【33题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. fame名声；B. grades成绩；C. positions位置；D. identity身份。根据will open the doors to top universities and well-paid jobs.可知，此处是指确保上顶尖大学的分数，故选B项。‎ ‎【34题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是美国的工薪阶层父母则缺乏必要的资金来如此细心地养育孩子。A. deny否认；B. lack缺乏；C. possess拥有；D. require要求。根据But working-class parents in America，此处是指工薪阶层的父母没有可以大量投入孩子进行密集学习的资金，故用“缺乏”符合语境，故选B项。‎ ‎【35题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：其结果是，从一代人到下一代人的社会分裂必将扩大。A. appear 出现；B. shorten缩短；C. disappear消失；D. broaden扩大。结合上文内容可知，富裕人家的孩子接受好的教育，找到高薪工作，而穷人家的孩子没有接受好的教育，找不到好的工作，按这样的规律循环下去，一代一代人之间社会分裂必将扩大，故选D项。‎ ‎【点睛】完形填空的解题技巧之一就是要根据上下文来学会“推理”处最佳选项。同学们要遵循“上下求索”的原则来查找信息。例如，第四小题要求判断是询问他们的什么，根据上文的When I was a kid可知此处用“童年”符合语境，故选C项。‎ 第三部分 阅读理解（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）‎ 请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。‎ A - 34 -‎ When you throw something in the trash, soon a garbage truck will come to take it away. Then where does it go? That depends on where you live. Different towns deal with trash in different ways.‎ Recycling A recycling truck picks up paper, cardboard, metal, plastic and glass. These go to the recycling plant to be sorted and made into new things.‎ Incinerator An incinerator is a huge stove that burns trash to make heat and electricity. The ash that’s left gets buried in a landfill. Trash ash can be poisonous, so it has to be stored carefully. But is takes up a lot less room than just plain trash.‎ Compost Food waste might go to a composter. In a compost heap (堆肥堆), bacteria and worms break down dead plants and old food. They turn it in into good, rich oil. Some people keep compost heaps in their gardens. Big commercial composters handle waste from restaurants and farms.‎ Landfills Some trash gets buried in landfills. A landfill starts as a big hole. Trucks dump trash. Big earth movers push it into place and crush it down. They cover the trash with dirt to keep scavengers (食腐动物) away. The bottom of a landfills is lined with a barrier to keep bad things from leaking into the ground. Pipes drain away liquid. When the landfill is full, it’s covered with earth. It might become a park or lawn.‎ - 34 -‎ ‎36. What can we learn from the passage?‎ A. Recycling helps to generate energy.‎ B. Bacteria and worms helps handle food waste.‎ C. The landfill is used to drive scavengers away.‎ D. Trash ash is carefully handled to save room.‎ ‎37. What’s the purpose of the passage?‎ A. To inform us of trash treatment.‎ B. To appeal for trash classification.‎ C. To discuss solutions to trash pollution.‎ D. To raise awareness of the harm of trash.‎ ‎【答案】36. B 37. A ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇应用文。文章给读者介绍了四种处理垃圾的方式：回收利用，焚烧，堆肥和填埋。‎ ‎【36题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据Compost部分下的In a compost heap (堆肥堆), bacteria and worms break down dead plants and old food. They turn it in into good, rich oil.可知，在一个堆肥堆里，细菌和蠕虫可以降解死去的植物和腐烂的食物，把他们变成富含营养的泥土。即，细菌和蠕虫可以处理腐烂的食物。B. Bacteria and worms helps handle food waste.(细菌和蠕虫帮助处理食物垃圾)符合以上说法，故选B项。‎ ‎【37题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据文章的主要内容，尤其是第一段的Then where does it go? That depends on where you live. Different towns deal with trash in different ways.(那，它去了哪儿呢？这取决于你居住在什么地方，不同的城市用不同的方式处理垃圾)可推测，本文主要给读者介绍垃圾被处理的方式。A. To inform us of trash treatment.(告诉我们垃圾的处理)符合以上说法，故选A项。‎ B Your first big-screen experience is likely to have been Disney productions --- whether we are talking about Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs or Frozen --- that have - 34 -‎ ‎ long been considered safe, healthy choices for kids, and pictures that parents can feel they don’t need to screen in advance.‎ When you are a big person, a movie seen in a theatre is much larger than life; when you're a little person, it can be like a new entry opening in the universe. Those experiences matter, and Disney knows the power --- and the profit potential --- of what's in its values, which helps explain the studio's ongoing strategy of remaking its most popular animated films, often in live-action versions.‎ How do you feel about director's interpretation of these movies, a combination of live-action filmmaking techniques, virtual-reality methods and computer-generated imaginary, depends largely on how you feel about the original. The stories, even with a gently updated script, are roughly the same. If you've seen the original, you know how the rest of them go.‎ In the following years, we'll also watch other Disney’s remakes such as Mulan. Any children raised by Disney films would think that this is a great time to be alive. Right?‎ But judging by critics’ ratings of some live-action movies, it seems that the powerful studio has been unable to wow audiences.‎ So why more live actions?‎ The money Let's face it: Walt Disney Pictures is all about generating more revenue. Even though it did not manage to capture critics, it still managed to catch the audience's hearts. And that is more than enough. After all, films are not made to entertain critics; it's all about creating an ultimate cinematic experience for casual moviegoers. And as long as they're entertained with new interpretations of beloved stories, why stop making live-action films?‎ Inclusion When you spend your entire childhood dancing and singing along to these characters, it's beyond magical to see them again when you’re an adult and are the same age as them. That's one of the few magical effects of movies. Not to mention, Aladdin's South Asian cast is also a strong statement for the world. Perhaps this - 34 -‎ ‎ is also the reason why Disney wants Mulan to have an all Asian cast. Let's hope they're not the only ones and Disney is bringing more diverse stories to be told.‎ Nostalgia (怀旧)‎ All of these Disney remakes are designed to fuel the nostalgia of boomers, Gen X-ers and millennials, and many of the moviegoers who grew up with these movies, in particular, now have young kids of their own. Little wonder the studio is seeing big dollar signs in them.‎ ‎38. Disney productions are parents' first choice for kids because they _______.‎ A. promote children's overall health B. don't need booking in advance C. don't need a screen to enjoy them D. have been enjoying a good reputation ‎39. Your feeling about the live-action films remade mainly relies on _______.‎ A. the film-making technology B. the popularity of the films C. the familiarity with the story line D. the computer-generated imaginary ‎40. In the author's opinion, what could be the main reason for Disney's more live actions?‎ A. It's trying its best to satisfy both critics and audience.‎ B. It's sparing no efforts to earn as much revenue as possible.‎ C. It's seeking and adding global elements to make diverse stories.‎ D. It's bringing back those sweet memories to its loyal aging fans.‎ ‎【答案】38. D 39. C 40. B ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。迪斯尼的电影一直以来都是家长给孩子选择电影的首选，现在迪斯尼公司开始拍摄真人电影。文章讲述了作者认为迪斯尼拍摄真人电影的原因。‎ ‎【38题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第一段的whether we are talking about Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs or Frozen --- that have long been considered safe, healthy choices for kids, and - 34 -‎ ‎ pictures that parents can feel they don't need to screen in advance.(无论是白雪公主和七个小人还是冰雪奇缘，这些电影长期以来都被认为是孩子们安全健康的选择，而且家长们也觉得没有必要提前看这些电影)可知，迪斯尼的电影是家长们给孩子的首选是因为它们长久以来都享有健康、安全的名声。D. have been enjoying a good reputation(一直享有良好的声誉)符合以上说法，故选D项。‎ ‎【39题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第三段的How do you feel about director's interpretation of these movies, a combination of live-action filmmaking techniques, virtual-reality methods and computer-generated imaginary, depends largely on how you feel about the original…If you've seen the original, you know how the rest of them go.(导演对这些电影的诠释，结合了真人电影制作技术、虚拟现实方法和电脑生成的想象，你怎么看待这些很大程度上取决于你对原著的感觉……如果你看过原著，你就知道剩下的剧情了)可知，重新制作的真人电影的感觉很大程度上取决于观众对原著的熟悉程度。C. the familiarity with the story line(原著故事情节的熟悉度)符合以上说法，故选C项。‎ ‎【40题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据倒数第三段的Let's face it: Walt Disney Pictures is all about generating more revenue.(让我们面对现实吧！迪斯尼公司所做的一切都是为了创造更多的收入)可知，作者认为重拍真人电影的主要原因是为了创造更多的收入。B. It's sparing no efforts to earn as much revenue as possible.(它在不遗余力地创造尽可能多的收入)符合以上说法，故选B项。‎ C Pinocchio may be just a children's fairy tale, but Spanish scientists at the University of Granada recently investigated the so-called ''Pinocchio effect'' and found that our noses don't grow when we tell a lie, but actually shrink a bit.‎ Dr. Emilio Gómez Milán and his team developed a lie detector test that used thermography to tell if people were lying, and found that whenever participants in - 34 -‎ ‎ their research were being untruthful, the temperature of the tips of their noses dropped up to 1.2℃, while the temperature of their forehead increased up to 1.5℃. Scientists also found that drop in temperature at nose level actually caused it to slightly shrink, although the difference is undetected by the human eye.‎ ‎''One has to think in order to lie, which rises the temperature of the forehead, '' Dr. Gomez Milan explained the findings. ''At the same time we feel anxious, which lowers the temperature of the nose. ''‎ For this study, researchers asked a number of 60 students to perform various tasks while being scanned by thermal imaging technology. One of these tasks involved calling a 3 to 4 minutes call to their parents, partner or a friend and telling a significant lie. Participants had to devise the lie by themselves during the call, and the thermal cameras picked up this ''reverse Pinocchio effect'' caused by the fluctuation (起伏) in temperature in the nose and forehead.‎ Interestingly, the thermal lie doctor picked up the temperature difference in 80 percent of test subjects, which is a better rate of success than that of any modern lie doctor.‎ ‎''With this method we have achieved to increase accuracy and reduce the occurrence of 'false positives', something that is frequently with other methods such as the polygraph (测谎仪) , '' said Dr. Emilio Gómez Milán, who added that law enforcement interviewers could one day combine other lie detection technology with thermal imaging to achieve better results.‎ The thermal lie doctor has been the most reliable in the world, 10% more than the popular polygraph.‎ ‎41. Why does the author mention ''Pinocchio'' at the beginning?‎ A. To tell a fairy story B. To warn us not to lie.‎ C. To introduce a research. D. To inspire us to doubt old beliefs.‎ ‎42. According to the research, what might happen if you tell a lie?‎ A. Your nose gets longer.‎ B. Your nose becomes smaller.‎ C. Your temperature gets higher.‎ - 34 -‎ D. Your temperature remains stable.‎ ‎43. What can we learn about the research?‎ A. Researchers conduct the study by interviewing.‎ B. Researchers design difference lies for participants.‎ C. The thermal lie detector will prove a popular one.‎ D. The thermal lie doctor may assist law enforcement.‎ ‎44. Which might be the best title for the passage?‎ A. Will lie detectors tell the truth?‎ B. Will lying make your nose longer?‎ C. Will lying make your temperature rise?‎ D. Will thermal imaging technology be reliable?‎ ‎【答案】41. C 42. B 43. D 44. B ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。匹诺曹一说谎鼻子就变长? 文章由匹诺曹为切入点，介绍了一个研究，该研究发现人在撒谎时鼻尖温度会降低，这会导致鼻子稍微变小。这就是“匹诺曹效应”。‎ ‎【41题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第一段Pinocchio may be just a children's fairy tale, but Spanish scientists at the University of Granada recently investigated the so-called ''Pinocchio effect'' and found that our noses don't grow when we tell a lie, but actually shrink a bit.(匹诺曹可能知识一个孩子们的童话故事，但是西班牙Granada大学的科学家最近进行了一个名叫“匹诺曹”相应的研究，并且发现，我们撒谎时鼻子不会长长，而事实上会稍微缩小)以及下文内容可推测，第一段提到匹诺曹是为了引出一个关于人们说谎时鼻子会稍微缩小的研究。C. To introduce a research.(为了引出一个研究)符合以上推测，故选C项。‎ ‎【42题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第二段的found that whenever participants in their research were being untruthful, the temperature of the tips of their noses dropped up to 1.2℃, …Scientists also found that drop in temperature at nose level actually caused it to slightly - 34 -‎ ‎ shrink(发现参与者无论什么时候说谎，他们鼻尖的温度会下降多达1.2℃……科学家们发现鼻尖温度的下降实际上会让鼻子稍微缩小)可知，研究发现说谎时鼻子会稍微缩小。B. Your nose becomes smaller.(鼻子会变得更小)符合以上说法，故选B项。‎ ‎【43题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段''With this method we have achieved to increase accuracy and reduce the occurrence of 'false positives', something that is frequently with other methods such as the polygraph (测谎仪) , '' said Dr. Emilio Gómez Milán, who added that law enforcement interviewers could one day combine other lie detection technology with thermal imaging to achieve better results.(“埃米利奥·戈麦斯·米兰博士说：“用这种方法我们提高了测谎准确率，降低了误报的发生率，而用测谎器等方法经常会出现误报。”他还说，执法部门负责审讯的官员有一天将能把热成像技术和其他测谎技术结合起来以达到更准确的结果。)可知，热感测谎医生在将来可能会帮助到执法部门。D. The thermal lie doctor may assist law enforcement.(热感测谎医生可能会帮助到执法部门)符合以上说法，故选D项。‎ ‎【44题详解】‎ 主旨大意题。根据文章的主要内容，尤其是第一段的Spanish scientists at the University of Granada recently investigated the so-called ''Pinocchio effect'' and found that our noses don't grow when we tell a lie, but actually shrink a bit.可知，匹诺曹一说谎鼻子就变长? 文章由匹诺曹为切入点，介绍了一个研究，该研究发现人在撒谎时鼻尖温度会降低，这会导致鼻子稍微变小。这就是“匹诺曹效应”。B. Will lying make your nose longer?(撒谎会让你的鼻子变长吗？)可以作为本文标题故选B项。‎ D For people moving to Australia, Price (2001) has identified certain values which may give rise to cultural shock. Firstly, he argues that Australians place a high value on independence and personal choice. This means that a teacher or course tutor will not tell students what to do, but will give them a number of options and suggest they work out which one is the best in their circumstances. It also means that they are expected to take action if something goes wrong and seek out resources and support for themselves.‎ Australians are also prepared to accept a range of opinions rather than believe there is one truth. This means that in an educational setting, students will be expected to form their own opinions and defend the reasons for that point of view - 34 -‎ ‎ and the evidence for it.‎ Price also comments that Australians are uncomfortable with differences in status and hence idealize the idea of treating everyone equally. An illustration of this is that most adult Australians call each other by their first names. This concern with equality means that Australians are uncomfortable taking anything too seriously and are even ready to joke about themselves.‎ Australians believe that life should have a balance between work and leisure time. As a consequence, some students may be critical of others who they perceive as doing nothing but study.‎ Australian concepts of privacy mean that areas such as financial matters, appearance and relationships are only discussed with close friends. While people may volunteer such information, they may dislike someone actually asking them unless the friendship is firmly established. Even then, it is considered very impolite to ask someone what they earn. With older people, it is also rude to ask how old they are, why they are not married or why they do not have children. It is also impolite to ask people how much they have paid for something, unless there is a very good reason for asking.‎ Kohls (1996) describes cultural shock as a process of change marked by four basic stages. During the first stage, the new arrival is excited to be in a new place, so this is often referred to as the ''honeymoon'' stage. Like a tourist, they are interested in all the new sights and sounds, new smiles and tastes of their surroundings. They may have some problems, but usually they accept them as just part of the novelty (新奇事物). At this point, it is the similarities that stand out, and it seems to the newcomer that people everywhere and their way of life are very much alike. This period of euphoria may last from a couple of weeks to a month, but the letdown is inevitable.‎ During the second stage, known as the ''rejection'' stage, the newcomer starts to experience difficulties due to the differences between the new culture and the way they were accustomed to living. The initial enthusiasm turns into annoyance, frustration, anger and depression, and these feelings may cause people to reject the - 34 -‎ ‎ new culture so that they notice only the things that cause them trouble, which they then complain about. In addition, they may feel homesick. bored, withdrawn during this period as well.‎ Fortunately, most people gradually learn to adapt to the new culture and move on to the third stage, known as ''adjustment''. During this stage transition occurs to a new optimistic attitude. As the newcomer begins to understand more of the new culture, things make more sense and the culture seems more familiar. As a result, they begin to develop problem-solving skills, and feelings of disorientation (迷失方向) and anxiety no longer affect them.‎ In Kohls’s model, in the fourth stage, newcomers undergo a process of adaptation. They have settled into the new culture, and this results in a feeling of direction and self-confidence. They have accepted the new food, drinks, habits and customs and may even find themselves enjoying some of the very customs that bothered them so much previously. In addition. they realize that the new culture has good and bad things to offer and that no way is really better than another, just different.‎ ‎45. According to Paragraph 1, teachers may expect students to _______ in class in Australia.‎ A. obey teachers' instructions B. ask for advice when necessary C. have a discussion with partners freely D. explore possible solutions by themselves ‎46. Which of the following might most Australians agree with?‎ A. Be just to all, but trust none.‎ B. Truth never fears investigation.‎ C. All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.‎ D. Share joy is double joy and sorrow half sorrow.‎ ‎47. What does the underlined word ''euphoria'' in Paragraph 6 mean?‎ A. Excitement. B. Confidence. C. Frustration. D. Conflict.‎ ‎48. According to Kohls, if an exchange student from China has managed to host a summer - 34 -‎ ‎ Christmas event though he felt a bit awkward, he might be in Stage _______.‎ A Four B. Three C. Two D. One ‎49. In which column might this article appear?‎ A. Intercultural Communication. B. International Education.‎ C. Global Business. D. Leisure Guide.‎ ‎50. According to the passage, what is the right attitude towards cultural shock?‎ A. When in a new culture, hold on to our own.‎ B. When in a new culture, accept the good things.‎ C. When facing difference in a new culture, accept it.‎ D. When feeling uncomfortable in a new culture, neglect it.‎ ‎【答案】45. D 46. C 47. A 48. B 49. A 50. C ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了澳大利亚人的价值观，以及人们遭遇文化冲击时会经历的四个阶段。‎ ‎【45题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第一段的This means that a teacher or course tutor will not tell students what to do, but will give them a number of options and suggest they work out which one is the best in their circumstances.(这意为这老师或助教不会告诉学生做什么，而会给他们很多选择，建议他们找出在他们的情况下哪个是最好的。)可知，澳大利亚的老师或助教期待学生可以通过自己找出适合自己的解决方法。D. explore possible solutions by themselves(自己探索可能的解决方法)符合以上说法，故选D项。‎ ‎【46题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第四段Australians believe that life should have a balance between work and leisure time. As a consequence, some students may be critical of others who they perceive as doing nothing but study.可知，澳大利亚人认为生活应该在工作和休闲之间取得平衡。因此，一些学生可能会对那些他们认为除了学习什么也不做的人持批评态度，故推测大多数澳大利亚人会同意C. All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.(只工作，不玩耍，聪明孩子也变傻)，故选C项。‎ - 34 -‎ ‎【47题详解】‎ 词义猜测题。根据第六段的During the first stage, the new arrival is excited to be in a new place, so this is often referred to as the ''honeymoon'' stage.)和This period of euphoria may last from a couple of weeks to a month, but the letdown is inevitable.可知，在第一个阶段，新到者对生活在新的地方很兴奋，这个时期也叫做“蜜月期”。……这种euphoria时间段可能会持续几周到一个月，但失望是不可避免的。结合句意可知，可推测划线部分的意思是“对新奇东西的兴奋”。A. Excitement.(兴奋)符合以上说法，故选A项。‎ ‎【48题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的most people gradually learn to adapt to the new culture and move on to the third stage, known as ''adjustment''. During this stage transition occurs to a new optimistic attitude. As the newcomer begins to understand more of the new culture, things make more sense and the culture seems more familiar. As a result, they begin to develop problem-solving skills, and feelings of disorientation (迷失方向) and anxiety no longer affect them.(大多数人逐渐学会适应新的文化，并进入第三个阶段，即所谓的调整阶段。在这个阶段转变为一种新的乐观态度。当新来者开始更多了解当地的文化时，事情就变得更有意义，文化也似乎更熟悉了。因此，他们开始培养解决问题的能力，迷失方向和焦虑的感觉再也不会影响他们了)可知，一个来自中国的交换生，尽管有点尴尬，却设法成功主办了夏日圣诞节，说明他已经很熟悉当地的文化，而且学会自己处理问题。由此可知他处于第三阶段。故选B项。‎ ‎【49题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据文章的主要内容，尤其是第一段的For people moving to Australia, Price (2001) has identified certain values which may give rise to cultural shock.(对于移居澳大利亚人来说，price(2001)已经确定了一些可能会引起文化冲突的价值观)可推测，本文很有可能会出现跨文化交流专栏。A. Intercultural Communication.(跨文化交流)符合以上说法，故选A项。‎ ‎【50题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据最后一段的In addition. they realize that the new culture has good and bad things to offer and that no way is really better than another, just - 34 -‎ ‎ different.(此外，他们意识到新的文化既有好的方面也有不好的方面，绝没有一个比另一个好，只是不同而已)可推测，在对待文化冲击最好的态度就是：面临新文化的不同之处时，接受它就可以了。因为文化没有好坏之分，只是不同而已。C. When facing difference in a new culture, accept it.( 面临新文化的不同之处时，接受它)符合以上推测，故选C项。‎ 第四部分：任务型阅读 （共 10 小题；每小题 l 分，满分 10 分）‎ 请认真阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。 注意：请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上。每个空格只填一个单词。‎ Many of today's young people have a difficult time seeing any moral dimension to their actions. There are a number of reasons why that’s true, but none more important than a failed system of education that avoids teaching children the traditional moral values that bind Americans together as a society and a culture. That failed approach, called ''decision-making'', was introduced in schools 25 years ago. It tells children to decide for themselves what is right and what is wrong. It replaced ''character education'', which didn't ask children to reinvent the moral wheel, but encouraged them to practice habits of courage, justice and self- control.‎ Decision-making curriculums pose ethical dilemmas to students, leaving them with the impression that all morality is problematic and that all questions of right and wrong are based on people's own ideas. Youngsters are forced to question values and virtues they've never acquired in the first place. The assumption behind this method is that students will arrive at good moral conclusions if they are given the chance. But the actual result is moral confusion.‎ This kind of confusion further encouraged by values-education programs that are little more than courses in self-worth. These programs are based on the questionable assumption that a child who feels good about himself or herself won't want to do anything wrong. But it is just as reasonable to make an opposite assumption: namely, that a child who always believes in and accepts himself will conclude that he or she can't do anything bad.‎ It is time to throw ''decision-making'' and ''none-judgementalism'' into the rubbish heap of failed policies, and return to a proved method. Character education provides a much more realistic approach to moral formation. It is built on an understanding that we learn morality not by debating it, but by practicing it.‎ Children Must Be Taught to Distinguish Right from Wrong - 34 -‎ Problem Many young people find it ___51___ to see their actions in ‎ a moral way.‎ Reason Replacing character education, the decision-making approach does not ‎ teach children ___52___ morality but emphasizes subjective judgment ‎ on right and wrong.‎ Consequences ‎● ___53___ decision-making curriculums were meant to give students ‎ the chance to ____54____good moral conclusions by themselves, they ‎ make students ___55___ confused, due to the ___56___ of criteria ‎ on what's right and wrong.‎ ‎● Values-education programs ___57___ students' moral confusion.‎ Those with self-acceptance will make the assumption that they can't do ‎ anything wrong - 34 -‎ ‎● Public education based on decision-making approach, which ___58___ ‎ to guide youngsters on the right track, fuels the explosion of serious ___59___ problems.‎ Solution An immediate shift back to character education is needed. Moral formation can be achieved by means of _____60_____.‎ ‎【答案】51. hard/difficult ‎ ‎52. traditional ‎ ‎53. While 54. draw/ reach ‎ ‎55. morally ‎ ‎56. absence ‎ ‎57. worsen 58. fails ‎ ‎59. social 60. practice ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇议论文。美国的决策教育是失败的，因为它不仅没有教会孩子道德，还让他们产生了道德困惑，造成了严重的社会问题。文章呼吁重新开始品格教育，因为它才是道德教育实现的途径。‎ ‎【51题详解】‎ - 34 -‎ 考查形容词。根据第一段的Many of today's young people have a difficult time seeing any moral dimension to their actions.可知，今天的许多年轻人很难看到自己行为的道德层面。此处用hard/difficult “困难的”符合文意，故填hard/difficult。‎ ‎【52题详解】‎ 考查形容词。根据第一段的There are a number of reasons why that's true, but none more important than a failed system of education that avoids teaching children the traditional moral values that bind Americans together as a society and a culture. That failed approach, called ''decision-making'', was introduced in schools 25 years ago.可知，这种情况有很多原因，但最重要的是一个失败的教育系统，它避免教给孩子们把美国人作为一个社会和文化联系在一起的传统道德价值观。这种失败方法叫做“决策”，25年前被引入学校。此处用traditional“传统的”符合文意，故填traditional。‎ ‎【53题详解】‎ 考查连词。根据第二段的Decision-making curriculums pose ethical dilemmas to students, leaving them with the impression that all morality is problematic and that all questions of right and wrong are based on people's own ideas.和But the actual result is moral confusion.可知，决策教育不仅没有让孩子学会道德，但实际结果是道德混乱。故前后文是转折关系，此处用while“尽管”符合文意，故填While。‎ ‎【54题详解】‎ 考查动词。根据第一段的It tells children to decide for themselves what is right and what is wrong.可知，决策教育告诉孩子们自己决定什么是对，什么是错。此处用reach/draw“得出/总结”符合文意，故填reach/draw。‎ ‎【55题详解】‎ 考查副词。根据第二段的But the actual result is moral confusion.可知，但实际的结果是道德上的混乱。此处用morally“道德上地”符合文意，故填morally。‎ ‎【56题详解】‎ 考查名词。根据第二段的Youngsters are forced to question values and virtues they've never acquired in the first place.可知，年轻人被迫去质疑他们一开始就没有获得过的价值观和美德。即他们缺乏判断对错的标准，故此处用absence“缺乏”符合文意，故填absence。‎ ‎【57题详解】‎ - 34 -‎ 考查动词。根据第三段的This kind of confusion further encouraged by values-education programs可知，价值观教育计划进一步助长了这种混乱。此处用worsen“恶化”符合文意，故填worsen。‎ ‎【58题详解】‎ 考查动词。根据第三段的These programs are based on the questionable assumption that a child who feels good about himself or herself won't want to do anything wrong. But it is just as reasonable to make an opposite assumption: namely, that a child who always believes in and accepts himself will conclude that he or she can't do anything bad.(这些项目基于一个假设的问题，那就是一个自我感觉良好孩子不会想做任何错事。但是，做一个相反的假设也是合理的，即：一个总是相信自己、接受自己的孩子会得出这样的结论：他/她不会做任何错事)可知，决策教育并没有把孩子们引导进入正确的轨道，反而会造成严重的社会问题。故此处用fail“失败”符合文意，故填fails。‎ ‎【59题详解】‎ 考查形容词。根据第三段的These programs are based on the questionable assumption that a child who feels good about himself or herself won't want to do anything wrong. But it is just as reasonable to make an opposite assumption: namely, that a child who always believes in and accepts himself will conclude that he or she can’t do anything bad.(这些项目基于一个假设的问题，那就是一个自我感觉良好孩子不会想做任何错事。但是，做一个相反的假设也是合理的，即：一个总是相信自己、接受自己的孩子会得出这样的结论：他/她不会做任何错事)可知，决策教育并没有把孩子们引导进入正确的轨道，反而会造成严重的社会问题。故此处用social“社会的”符合文意，故填social。‎ ‎【60题详解】‎ 考查名词。根据最后一段的It is built on an understanding that we learn morality not by debating it, but by practicing it.可知，它是建立在这样一种理解之上的：我们学习道德不是通过辩论而是通过实践。此处用practice“实践”符合文意，故填practice。‎ 第五部分：书面表达（满分 25 分）‎ ‎61.请阅读下面材料，并按照要求用英语写一篇 150 词左右的文章。‎ Late Afternoon, nominated for best animated short film in 2019, gains popularity among people. The nine and a half minute short focuses on Emily, an old lady with Alzheimer who finds herself losing any connection to the world. After her daughter’s - 34 -‎ ‎ tender care, she explores part of her memories and relives different moments from her life. One afternoon, when she was having afternoon tea with biscuits, she called up her carefree childhood. When she saw the picture frame. she remembered her romantic dating, the pleasure of raising her daughter and her daughter's name --- Kate. At last, she recognized her daughter and they tightly hugged each other.‎ The warm painting style and Emily's slowly recollecting experience are touching.‎ ‎“It's so moving that I couldn't help holding back tears. My parents live 5, 000 miles away. I wanna visit them this Labor Day.” one viewer said.‎ ‎【写作内容】‎ ‎1. 用约 30 个单词概述上述内容;‎ ‎2. 谈谈你对亲情的理解（至少两点）;‎ ‎3. 结合自身实际,谈谈你会如何回报亲情。‎ ‎【写作要求】‎ ‎1. 表明个人观点,同时提供理由或论据;‎ ‎2. 阐述观点或提供论据时,不得直接引用原文中的句子;‎ ‎3. 文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称;‎ ‎4. 不必写标题。‎ ‎【评分标准】‎ 内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。‎ - 34 -‎ ‎_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎【答案】Late Afternoon, a short film about an old woman with Alzheimer recalling some sweet memories in her life with her daughter’s care, has touched viewers’ heart and gained popularity. (32 words)‎ Family love is the most precious gift and supports us through thick and thin. It not only means parents’ unconditional love for their children but also children’s feedback. It is the basic power of life that we couldn’t live without. Furthermore, each one of us should be grateful for the family love we receive and learn to express our concern and care to our family members through words or deeds to strengthen the valuable bond between us. Family love is by no means empty talk.‎ Therefore, I always communicate with my parents and respect their viewpoints about my choices in life. Meanwhile, I will try to understand them better and always be there whenever they need me.‎ In a word, family love is to be cherished, strengthened and repaid. (134 words)‎ ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇读写任务。本篇要求考生先对文章所述内容进行总结，然后谈谈对亲情的理解，并结合自身实际谈谈怎样回报亲情。‎ ‎【详解】1. 总结文章 通读全文，我们可以这样对文章进行总结：Late Afternoon，一部关于一个患有阿兹海默的老人在女儿的耐心照顾下回忆起美好记忆的短片电影，感动了观众并赢得了大众的欢迎。‎ ‎2. 谈至少两点自己的对亲情的理解，例如：1. 家人的爱是最珍贵的礼物，它支撑着我们走过风雨，是我们人生的基本力量；2. 我们每个人都应该对受到的亲情表示感谢，并学会通过语言和行动表达对亲人的关心和爱护。‎ ‎3. 结合自身实际谈谈对亲情的回报，例如：1. 平时多和父母交流，理解他们的想法，也主动告知他们自己的想法；2. 尽量为他们做一些自己力所能及的事。‎ - 34 -‎ ‎【点睛】范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。作者在范文中使用了一些主从符合句，例如：It is the basic power of life that we couldn't live without.中that引导定语从句；Meanwhile, I will try to understand them better and always be there whenever they need me.中whenever引导时间状语从句。‎ - 34 -‎ - 34 -‎