2018届一轮复习北师大版必修4Unit12Cultureshock学案(6) 6页

Unit 12 Culture shock ‎1. defend, protect与guard ‎ 这三个词都有“保护,使安全”之意,也都常 ‎ 用于defend / protect / guard…against / from…‎ ‎ 结构中。‎ ‎①defend意为“保卫,捍卫”,指抵抗或防御外来 ‎ 的威胁、攻击；它还可表示在法庭上或理论 ‎ 上进行辩护。‎ The people defended the town against the ‎ foreign invaders.‎ 人民保卫城镇,抵抗外国侵略者。‎ He had a good lawyer to defend him.‎ 他有一个好律师为他辩护。‎ ‎②protect意为“保护”,指的是采取措施以保障 ‎ 某人或某物的安全,以免受到危险或损害、伤 ‎ 害等。‎ ‎ He was wearing dark glasses to protect his eyes ‎ ‎ from the sun.‎ ‎ 他戴一副墨镜以保护眼睛不受阳光的刺激。‎ ‎③guard意为“守卫,警戒,看守”,目的是维护安 ‎ 全,防备危险的发生。‎ ‎ The gate is guarded by soldiers; you can’t go ‎ ‎ without a pass.‎ ‎ 大门有兵守卫,你没有通行证过不去。‎ 用defend, protect, guard的适当形式填空 Our armies are determined to __________ our ‎ ‎ great motherland.‎ We should do something practical to ________‎ ‎ the river from pollution.‎ Two different soldiers ________ the gate ‎ ‎ twenty-four hours every day.‎ defend protect guard ‎2. concentrate vi. 集中注意力；使集中 ‎ concentrate on / upon ‎ ‎ 把……集中在……上,专心致志于 ‎ You must concentrate on your work.‎ ‎ 你必须专心于你的工作。‎ ‎ I tried to concentrate my attention upon my ‎ ‎ chemical researches.‎ ‎ 我尽力专心于我的化学研究。‎ I can’t concentrate with that noise going on.‎ 到处是噪音,我不能集中精神。‎ concentration n. 专心,集中 This book will need all your concentration.‎ 读这本书需要你专心致志。‎ ‎12. warn vt. 警告,告诫 ‎①warn sb. of sth. 提醒某人注意某事 ‎ The newspaper warns the public of the danger ‎ ‎ of smoking.‎ ‎ 报纸提醒公众注意吸烟的危害。‎ ‎②warn sb. against doing sth.‎ ‎ =warn sb. not to do sth. ‎ ‎ 警告某人不要做某事 ‎ The doctor warned the patient against smoking.‎ ‎ The doctor warned the patient not to smoke.‎ ‎ 医生告诫病人不要吸烟。‎ ‎③warn+从句 ‎ I have warned him that it is not allowed.‎ ‎ 我曾警告过他,这是不被允许的。‎ warning adj. 警告的,预告的；n. 警戒 He gave me a warning look.‎ 他向我使了一个警告的神色。‎ He paid no attention to my warnings.‎ 他无视我的警告。‎ ‎1. 我警告他们不要在这样薄的冰上溜冰。‎ ‎ I _________________ go skating on such thin ice.‎ ‎2. 他提醒我人群中有扒手。‎ ‎ He ______________ there were pickpockets in ‎ ‎ the crowd.‎ warned them not to warned me that ‎3. in favour of 支持,赞同 ‎ All of us are in favour of the proposal that our ‎ ‎ school uniform should be made to our own taste.‎ ‎ 我们都赞成校服应依据我们的品位去做的提议。‎ Nowadays clothes from Korea are in favour with ‎ young people.‎ 现在韩国的服装很受年轻人的欢迎。‎ ‎“It’s too difficult; can I ask you a favour?” I ‎ asked my math teacher.‎ ‎“这道题太难了,我能请您帮个忙吗？”我问数 学老师。‎ 用favour的有关短语的适当形式填空 Would you please _______________ and turn ‎ ‎ down the radio?‎ Are you _______________ my plan that we go ‎ ‎ climbing this weekend?‎ Young and beautiful teachers are ____________‎ ‎ in middle schools.‎ do me a favour in favour of in favour (with)‎ 用favour的有关短语的适当形式填空 I want to ______________ of you. Will you ‎ ‎ lend me your car?‎ I think we are _______________ with them. ‎ ‎ We have not been asked to any of their parties ‎ ‎ this year.‎ ask a favour out of favour ‎4. on condition (that)=only if; provided (that) ‎ ‎ 只有在……条件下 ‎ You can go swimming on condition that you ‎ ‎ don’t go too far from the river bank.‎ ‎ 你只有在不远离河岸的条件下才可以去游泳。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ on no condition＝by no means 决不 in good/ bad/ poor/ perfect condition 在好/坏/差/完美的情况下 out of condition 健康不佳；情况不好 under the conditions of 在……情况下 You must on no condition tell him what happened.‎ 你决不能把发生的事情告诉他。‎ ‎5. in spite of 虽然,尽管 ‎ In spite of all his efforts, he failed.‎ ‎ 他虽然作了各种努力,仍然失败了。‎ 以下几个句子表达的意思一样,但必须注意它们 的不同之处：‎ We went out in spite of the rain. (in spite of后跟名词)‎ ‎=Despite of the rain, we went out. (despite of=in spite of)‎ We went out though / although it was raining.‎ ‎(though / although后跟句子)‎ 尽管下雨，我们还是出去了。‎ regardless of, in spite of与despite ‎①regardless of 不理会，不顾 They decorated the house regardless of cost.‎ 他们不惜成本装修这栋房子。‎ ‎②in spite of 不顾，不管，尽管 They went out in spite of the rain.‎ 尽管下着雨，他们还是出去了。‎ ‎③despite 不顾，不管，尽管 They had a wonderful holiday, despite the bad weather.‎ 尽管天气不好，他们的假日还是过得极为愉快。 ‎ ‎1. 他已竭尽全力，但仍然失败了。‎ ‎_______________________________________________________________‎ ‎2. 尽管我们尽了全力，我们还是输掉了比赛。‎ ‎_______________________________________________________________‎ ‎3. 虽然吃了很多东西，他还是觉得饿。(一句多译)‎ ‎_______________________________________________________________‎ ‎【答案】‎ ‎1. In spite of all his efforts, he failed. ‎ ‎2. Despite all our efforts we still lost the game.‎ ‎3. Despite eating lots of food, he is still feeling hungry. ‎ In spite of / Regardless of so much food he has eaten, he's still feeling hungry. ‎ Although / Though he has eaten lots of food, he's still feeling hungry. ‎ It’s no use doing sth. 做某事没有用 ‎ 在这个句型中,v.-ing形式短语是真正的主语,‎ ‎ it是形式主语。类似的句型还有：‎ ‎①It is no good doing sth. 做某事不好 ‎②It’s a waste of time / money doing sth. ‎ ‎ 做某事是白费时间/金钱 ‎③It’s fun doing sth. 做某事很有趣 ‎④There's no point (in) doing sth. 做某事没有意义 ‎ It is no use crying over spilt milk.‎ ‎ 覆水难收。(谚语)‎ ‎ ‎ ‎1. 跟他讲没用，因为他从来不听。‎ ‎________________， because he never listens.‎ ‎2. 在她目前的心情下，想找她谈是白费时间。‎ ‎________________________ when she's in this mood.‎ ‎3. 打高尔夫球很有意思。‎ ‎_____________________________________________. ‎ ‎4 .抱怨于事无补；他们没办法帮助你。‎ ‎________________. They can't do anything to help you.‎ ‎【答案】‎ ‎1. It is no good talking to him ‎2. It's a waste of time trying to talk to her ‎3. It's great fun playing golf ‎4. There is no point (in) complaining. ‎ 地点介绍(基础写作)‎ ‎ 地理位置方位介绍常用句型：‎ ‎1. 表示位置 Guangdong Province lies in the south of China.‎ 广东省位于中国的南部。‎ On the top of the mountain lies a temple.‎ 山顶有一座庙。‎ The teaching building is located at the back of the school.‎ ‎ 教学楼坐落于校园的后面。‎ ‎ 2. 表示历史 ‎ The city has/possesses/owns a history of more than 1,000 years.‎ ‎ 这个城市有1000多年历史。‎ ‎ ‎ The city with a history of more than 1,000 years is our pride.‎ ‎ 这座有1000多年历史的城市是我们的骄傲。‎ ‎ 3. 表示面积 ‎ The new square will have/cover an area of 100,000 square meters.‎ ‎ 新广场将占地10万平方米。‎ A new school with an area of more than 200,000 square meters will be set up.‎ ‎ 一所占地20万平方米的新学校将被建立。‎ ‎ 4. 表示人口 ‎ Shanghai has a population of more than 20,000,000.‎ ‎ 上海人口超过2000万。‎ ‎5. 表示“是……之乡/乐土”‎ ‎ This region is the home of many species of wild flowers.‎ ‎ 这一地区是多种野花的家园。‎ ‎ The countryside in the north is hospitable to such fruits.‎ ‎　 北方的乡下适宜这些水果的生长。‎ ‎6. 表示“有……美誉”‎ ‎ This area enjoys the reputation of a land with milk and honey.‎ ‎ 这个地方有“鱼米之乡”的美誉。‎ ‎ As we all know, it is famous/wellknown for…‎ ‎ 众所周知，它以……而著名。‎ ‎ This country/city is rich /abundant in…‎ ‎ 这个国家/城市有丰富的……‎ The special character of…is…‎ ‎……的特殊性是……‎ 请根据以下提示写一篇短文介绍Australia，内容包括以下几点： ‎ ‎1. 位置：太平洋的西侧 ‎ ‎2. 面积：760万平方公里 ‎ ‎3. 人口：2,000多万，多数人住在东部沿海地区 ‎4. 首都：Canberra, 风景秀丽 ‎5. 城市：Sydney，有许多名胜，如悉尼歌剧院(opera house)‎ 第一步：审题，确定写作内容，这是一篇介绍澳大利亚基本情况的说明文。‎ 第二步：确定时态，全篇都是一般事实的叙述，应该用现在时。‎ 第三步：翻译要点 ‎1. Australia lies on the west of the Pacific.‎ ‎2. Australia covers an area of 7.6 million square kilometers.‎ ‎3. It has a small population of over 20 million.‎ ‎4. Most Australians live in the east of the country by the sea.‎ ‎5. Canberra is the capital of Australia.‎ ‎6. Canberra is a beautiful city.‎ ‎7. Sydney is one of the biggest cities in Australia.‎ ‎8. Sydney has many places of interest.‎ ‎9. The Opera House is famous throughout the world. ‎ 第四步：整合信息，合并句子。地点介绍的文章往往信息点比较多，需要我们合理巧妙地根据逻辑关系来整合信息。第1、2句是介绍澳大利亚地理位置和人口的，可整合成一句。第3、4句都提到了澳大利亚人，可改为一个非限制性定语从句。第5、6句和7、8句分别有相同的叙述主体，均可整合为一句。其他几点可单独成句。‎ 第五步：连词成篇。运用适当的衔接词语使文章连贯，使文章的结构紧凑。‎ Australia lies on the west of the Pacific and covers an area of 7.6 million square kilometers. It has a small population of over 20 million, most of whom live in the east of the country by the sea. Canberra, the capital of Australia, is a beautiful city. Sydney is one of the biggest cities in Australia, which has many places of interest. The Opera House is famous throughout the world. ‎ 请根据所给的信息，用英语介绍斐济。‎ ‎　【写作内容】‎ ‎ 国名： 斐济群岛共和国(The Republic of The FiJi Islands)‎ ‎ 地理位置： 太平洋的中心，新西兰的北部，澳大利亚的西北部 ‎ 陆地面积： 1.8万平方公里 ‎ 首都： 苏瓦(Suva)‎ 人口： 大约86.1万 ‎ 官方语言：英语 ‎ 气候： 气候温和，阳光充足，年平均气温为22℃～30℃‎ ‎ 国庆节： 每年10月10日 ‎ 交通： 水、陆、空便利，太平洋群岛的交通中心 ‎【写作要求】‎ ‎ 只能使用5个句子表达全部内容。‎ ‎ ______________________________________‎ ‎____________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎___________________________________________‎ One possible version：‎ ‎ Located in the heart of the Pacific Ocean, the Republic of The FiJi Islands is situated to the north of New Zealand and northwest of Australia with a land area of 18,000 square kilometers. ‎ ‎ Fiji, whose capital is Suva, has a population of 861,000 and the official language is English. It has a warm climate with plenty of sunshine and the average temperature ranges from 22℃ to 33℃. National day falls on October 10th every year. With the convenient sea, land and air transportation, it is the traffic center of the Pacific islands.‎