2019版一轮复习英语译林版必修八Unit1Thewrittenword单元学案设计（41页） 50页

‎2019版一轮复习英语译林版必修八Unit1The written word单元学案设计 ‎ 文学与艺术之(二)——文学世界 ‎[一积词汇见多识广]　‎ ‎[课内单词回扣]‎ ‎(一)阅读词汇写其义 ‎1．fiction n．小说；虚构的事　　　　　2.abuse vt.虐待；辱骂；滥用 ‎3．civil adj.有礼貌的；公民的 4.millionaire n．百万富翁 ‎5．bent adj.弯曲的n.天赋，爱好 6.spit vt.& vi.吐，唾n.唾液 ‎7．reform v．& n．改造；改革 8.wrap vt.包，裹；围，缠绕 ‎9．adore vt.热爱，喜爱，爱慕 10.spring vi.突然出现；跳，蹦 ‎(二)表达词汇写其形 ‎1．desperate adj.绝望的；渴望的 2.vain adj.虚荣的；徒劳的 ‎3．theme n．主题；主题音乐 4.envelope n．信封 ‎5．rescue n．& vt.救援，营救 6.reputation n．名誉，名声 ‎7．generous adj.慷慨的；宽厚的 8.debt n．债务，欠款 ‎(三)拓展词汇灵活用 ‎　1.poetry n．诗歌→poet n．诗人 ‎　2.characteristic n．特征，特点 adj.典型的，独特的，特有的→character n．人物，角色 ‎　3.novelist n．小说家→novel n．小说 ‎　4.criminal n．罪犯 adj.犯罪的，犯法的；刑法的，刑事的→crime n．罪行，犯罪行为 ‎*5.tension n．紧张气氛；紧张，烦躁；矛盾，对立→tense adj.令人紧张的；神经紧张的；绷紧的 ‎*6.violent adj.暴力的，粗暴的；猛烈的，强烈的→violence n．暴力，暴行→violently adv.强烈地，激烈地 ‎*7.resist vi.& vt.反抗，抵制，抵挡→resistant adj.有抵抗力的→resistance n．反抗，抵抗，抗拒 ‎　8.reunite vt.& vi.(使)重逢，再相聚；(使)再结合，再联合→unite vi.& vt.联合，团结，统一，联手→united adj.联合的，统一的→unity n．团结一致，联合(体)，统一(体)‎ ‎*9.intend vt.& vi.打算，计划，想要→intention n ‎．意图，目的，打算 用上面加*号的单词的适当形式填空 ‎1．The robbers hit them violently.They couldn't bear it any more so they decided to answer violence with violence and began their violent fightback.‎ ‎2．The rich man went abroad with the intention of trying his fortune, while the poor man intended to learn some skills of earning money.‎ ‎3．The material, which is resistant to many chemicals, has good resistance to shock. However, some building bosses resist using it because of high costs.‎ ‎4．Facing the tense atmosphere, I wanted to scream, for the tension became unbearable.‎ ‎[话题单词积累]‎ ‎(一)文学用词 ‎1．literature /'litərətʃə/ n．　　　文学 ‎2．works /'wəːks/ n. 著作，作品 ‎3．masterpiece /'mɑːstəpiːs/ n. 杰作 ‎4．adaptation /ˌədæp'teiʃən/ n. 改编本；适应 ‎5．lyric /'lirik/ n. 抒情诗 ‎6．legend /'ledʒənd/ n. 传说，传奇故事 ‎7．biography /bai'ɔɡrəfi/ n. 传记 ‎8．chapter /'tʃæptə/ n. 章 ‎9．volume /'vɔljuːm/ n. 卷 ‎10．journal /'dʒəːnəl/ n. 期刊 ‎11．description /di'skripʃən/ n. 描述，描写 ‎12．draft /drɑːft/ n. 草稿，草案 vt. 起草，草拟 ‎13．original /ə'ridʒənəl/ adj. 原创的 n. 原作 ‎14．publish /'pʌbliʃ/ vt. 出版，发行 ‎15．recommend /rekə'mend/ vt. 推荐 ‎16．translate /træns'leit/ vt. 翻译 ‎17．subscribe /səb'skraib/ v. 订阅，订购 (报刊等)‎ ‎(二)外国著作名称 ‎1．The Adventures of Tom Sawyer 《汤姆·索亚历险记》‎ ‎2．Pride and Prejudice 《傲慢与偏见》　　‎ ‎3．Uncle Tom's Cabin 《汤姆叔叔的小屋》‎ ‎4．The Old Man and the Sea 《老人与海》‎ ‎5．Anderson's Fairy Tales 《安徒生童话集》‎ ‎6．Grimm's Fairy Tales 《格林童话集》‎ ‎7．Wuthering Heights 《呼啸山庄》‎ ‎8．Sister Carrie 《嘉莉妹妹》‎ ‎9．Jane Eyre 《简·爱》‎ ‎10．Robinson Crusoe 《鲁滨逊漂流记》‎ ‎11．Gone with the Wind 《飘》(《乱世佳人》)‎ ‎12．A Tale of Two Cities 《双城记》‎ ‎13．Tales from a Thousand and One Nights《天方夜谭》 (《一千零一夜》)‎ ‎14．Oliver Twist 《雾都孤儿》‎ ‎15．Aesop's Fables 《伊索寓言》‎ ‎16．The Million Pound Bank Note 《百万英镑》‎ ‎[二积短语顿挫抑扬]　‎ ‎ [课内短语回扣]‎ ‎(一)根据汉语写出下列短语 ‎*1.on_the_run 躲避；忙碌　　　　　　*2.live_up_to 达到，符合(期望)‎ ‎　3.worn_out 废旧的；精疲力尽的 　4.come_to_one's_rescue帮助某人 ‎*5.touch_on 谈及，涉及 　6.in_tune_ 音调准确；演奏合调 ‎　7.let_out 放大；泄露；发出 　8.pick_up 捡起；获得；学会 ‎　9.come_out 出版，发行 　10.at_a_time 每次 ‎　11.under_the_control_of 在……控制下 　12.compare_...to_... 把……比作……‎ ‎*13.appeal_to 吸引；呼吁 　14.consist_of 由……组成 ‎　15.be_adapted_from 由……改编 ‎*16.(be)_bent_on_(doing)_sth. 决心做某事 ‎　17.be_intended_to_be/do_sth. 目的是作为某物，目的是做某事 ‎(二)用上面加*号的短语完成下列句子 ‎1．In his speech he was only able to touch_on a few aspects of the problem.‎ ‎2．The show lived_up_to all our expectations — it was wonderful.‎ ‎3．I really can't put up with her.It seems that she is_bent_on making everything difficult for me.‎ ‎4．When we are living on_the_run for a long time, we often feel exhausted.‎ ‎5．We expect your newspaper to appeal_to the public to pay more attention to environmental protection.‎ ‎[话题短语积累]‎ ‎1．fairy tale 　　　　 　童话故事 ‎2．classical literature/work 古典文学/作品 ‎3．detective novel 侦探小说 ‎4．mystery novel 悬疑小说 ‎5．science fiction 科幻小说 ‎6．works appreciation 作品欣赏 ‎7．a book review 书评 ‎8．adapt ... from ... 根据……改编……‎ ‎9．translate ... into ... 把……翻译成……‎ ‎10．have an influence on 对……有影响 ‎11．give away 泄露；出卖；分发　‎ ‎12．focus ... on ...把……集中在……‎ ‎13．(be) based on 以……为基础 ‎14．be set in 以……为背景 ‎15．have nothing to do with 与……没关系 ‎[三积句式写作扮靓]　‎ ‎[课内句式仿写]‎ ‎1．make＋宾语＋宾语补足语 ‎[例句]　This makes them difficult for some people to read, so they are often left to gather dust on shelves.‎ ‎[仿写]　无论我们怎样审视春天，它都有着能让世界变得五彩缤纷的魔力。(2016·四川高考满分作文)‎ No matter how we see it, spring has a magic that makes_the_world_colorful. ‎ ‎2．would rather do ... than do ...“宁愿做……也不愿做……”‎ ‎[例句]　Pip's sister often abuses him, but Joe is a kind and simple man who would rather die than see any harm come to Pip.‎ ‎[仿写]　我宁愿去游览长江，也不愿爬泰山。(2017·北京高考满分作文)‎ I would_rather_travel along the Yangtze River than_climb Mount Tai.‎ ‎3．“get＋过去分词”结构 ‎[例句]　Oliver gets arrested by the police and is taken to court.‎ ‎[仿写]　现在越来越多的人对剪纸感兴趣。(2017·全国卷Ⅱ满分作文)‎ Nowadays, more and more people are_getting_interested_in_papercutting.‎ ‎4．完全倒装 ‎[例句]　Later that day, a pair of brand new sneakers lay next to his chair, and in the corner was a new soccer ball.‎ ‎[仿写]　两座楼之间有棵大松树。‎ Between the two buildings stands_a_tall_pine.‎ ‎[话题佳句背诵]‎ ‎1．Literature is a kind of intellectual light, which, like the light of the sun, may sometimes enable us to see what we do not like.‎ 文学是一种理智之光，它和阳光一样，有时能使我们看到我们不喜欢的东西。‎ ‎2．I hold the view that if we students want to know as many great works of literature as we can, we had better read the original work.‎ 我认为我们学生如果想尽可能多地了解伟大的文学作品，最好还是读原著。‎ ‎3．My elder brother thinks staying at home and reading some classical works quietly in a situation of his own can help him better understand the author's ideas.‎ 我哥哥认为待在家里静心地读一些经典作品能帮助他更好地理解作者的思想。‎ ‎4．Besides, no matter how well a poem is translated, something of the spirit of the original work is lost.‎ 另外，一首诗不管翻译得多么好，都会丢掉原作的一些神韵。‎ ‎5．Taking your advice, I have decided to read the article once more.‎ 遵照你的建议，我已决定把文章再读一遍。‎ ‎[四背语段语感流畅]　‎ Charles Dickens is one of England's most famous novelists. He described life in the middle of the 19th century, a period that is now called Victorian, as it is when Queen Victoria ruled Britain. Many of Dickens' novels were set in London, one of the largest and richest cities in the world. But its wealth was distributed unfairly among the population. Every chapter of his novels described the sights, sounds, and smells of the city, and provided a social commentary of London life.‎ 查尔斯·狄更斯是英国最著名的作家之一，他描写了19世纪中期(即维多利亚时代，因为当时是维多利亚女王统治时期)人们的生活境况。狄更斯的许多小说都是以伦敦为背景的。伦敦是当时世界上最大、最繁华的城市之一，但财富分布极其不均。他小说的每一章节都描写了这个城市的外貌、声音以及气息，为伦敦的生活提供了社会性评论。‎ ‎ [第一板块　重点词汇突破]　‎ ‎[师生共研词汇]‎ ‎1. desperate adj.铤而走险的，拼命的，绝望的；非常需要，渴望 ‎　[教材原句]　Pip, who is seven years old when the story begins, is in a foggy cemetery when a desperate criminal appears and frightens him.‎ 故事开始时，七岁的皮普正在浓雾弥漫的墓地中，这时一个亡命之徒冒了出来，把他吓坏了。‎ ‎(1)be desperate for sth.　　　　渴望某物 be desperate to do sth. 渴望做某事 in desperate need of 非常需要 ‎(2)desperately adv. 极其，非常；绝望地 ‎①So the Chinese are_desperate_for the new markets.‎ 因此，中国人迫切渴望新市场。‎ ‎②There is no one living in the house. That's because it is in_desperate_need_of repairs.‎ 没有人住在这座房子里。那是因为它迫切需要修理。‎ ‎③I was desperately (desperate) nervous about his absence.‎ 我非常担心他会缺席。‎ ‎2．resist vi.& vt.反抗，抵制，抵挡 ‎　[教材原句]　Fagin and his group of criminals find him and drag him back into the life of crime, pressuring him with the threat of violence if he resists.‎ 费金和他的犯罪团伙找到了他(奥利弗)，强迫他回到犯罪的生活中，如果他反抗就用暴力威胁来给他施加压力。 ‎ ‎(1)resist doing sth.　　反对做某事 can't resist doing sth. ‎ ‎＝can't help doing sth. 忍不住做某事 ‎(2)resistant adj. 抵抗的；有抵抗力的 be resistant to ... 对……有抵抗力 ‎(3)resistance n. 抗拒；反对 resistance to ... 对……的抵制 ‎①You want to work hard, but can't resist playing (play) with the phone often.‎ 你想努力学习，却又总是忍不住经常玩手机。‎ ‎②Generally speaking, those who exercise regularly have high resistance (resist) to diseases.‎ 一般来说，经常锻炼的人抗病能力比较强。‎ ‎[名师点津]　resist表示“忍住”时常与表示否定意义的can't/can ‎ hardly/be not able to等连用；resist 后接动词ing形式作宾语，不接不定式。‎ ‎3．reputation n．名誉；声望；名声 ‎　[教材原句]　Burns had a reputation for being funny and pleasant to be around. ‎ 彭斯以风趣和人缘好而闻名。‎ have a good/bad reputation　　　名声好/坏 have a reputation for sth. 因……而著名，以……闻名 live up to one's reputation 名不虚传；名副其实 lose/ruin one's reputation 名誉扫地 earn/establish/build a reputation 赢得/确立/树立声誉 be of great/good/high reputation 很有声望的；享有盛名的 ‎①He is an outstanding leader who lives_up_to_his_reputation.‎ 他是位杰出的领导人，名不虚传。‎ ‎②If the fact is published, it will ruin_your_reputation.‎ 如果真相被公布，将会让你名誉扫地。‎ ‎③It takes twenty years to build_a_reputation and five minutes to ruin it. ‎ 花二十年建立起来的声誉可以在五分钟之内完全摧毁。‎ ‎4．intend vt.& vi.打算，计划，想要 ‎　[教材原句]　The poem was published in 1794 and, like many of Burns's poems, it was intended to be a song.‎ 这首诗发表于1794年，和许多彭斯的诗歌一样，这首诗原是为歌咏而作。‎ ‎(1)intend to do/doing sth.　　打算做某事 had intended to do sth./intended to have done sth. 本来打算做某事 intend (sb.) to do sth. 打算(让某人)做某事 intend sth. for sb. 为某人准备某物 intend that ... (should) do 主张做……‎ ‎(2)intended adj. 故意的，有意的；打算中的 be intended for 为……准备/设计的 be intended to be/do sth. 目的是作为某物/做某事 ‎(3)intention n. 意图，目的，企图 have no intention to do sth./of doing sth. 无意做某事 with the intention of doing/to do ... 抱有做……的目的/打算 ‎ ‎①I intend to_have/having (have) a meaningful summer vacation.‎ 我打算过一个有意义的暑假。‎ ‎②The activity is_intended_to_expose students to a wide range of English reading materials.‎ 这项活动的目的是让学生接触到广泛的英语阅读材料。‎ ‎③He returned with_the_intention_of_spending New Year with his family.‎ 他回来是为了和家人共度新年。‎ ‎[联想发散]　had intended to do sth.表示“本打算做某事”，类似用法的动词还有：mean(计划), hope(希望), want(想要), plan(计划), wish(希望), consider(考虑)等。它们用过去完成时表示“本打算做而实际没有做的事”。‎ ‎[自主练通词汇]‎ ‎1．vain adj.虚荣的，自负的；徒劳的，无结果的 ‎　单句语法填空/句型转换 ‎①With all the efforts in vain, he was very desperate, falling ill.‎ ‎②He tried in vain to_remove (remove) the ink stain from his clothes.‎ ‎③His parents tried to persuade him not to give up his wellpaid job, but he won't do so.‎ ‎→His parents tried in vain to persuade him not to give up his wellpaid job.‎ ‎2．rescue n．& vt.救援，营救 ‎　介词填空 ‎①The soldiers have been sparing no effort to rescue the people from the ruins.‎ ‎②The 23yearold's screams alerted a passerby who went to her rescue.‎ ‎3．debt n．债务，欠款 ‎　介词填空 ‎①Since the dancers have to pay the high cost of clothing out of their own pockets, they are often heavily in debt.‎ ‎②Mary was in debt when she was poor, but has been out of debt since she got rich.‎ ‎[词汇过关练]‎ Ⅰ.单句语法填空 ‎1．The man in the river desperately (desperate) tried to reach the side.‎ ‎2．Tired as they are, the rescuers (rescue) are still in search of the missing people in the flash floods.‎ ‎3．Relaxation exercises can free your body of tension (tense)．‎ ‎4．It's obvious that she adores working (work) with children.‎ ‎5．I have a sweet tooth because I can't resist eating (eat) chocolate and ice cream. ‎ ‎6．I had been asked to go to the bookshop to buy a book which is ‎ intended (intend) for parents. ‎ ‎7．We vainly (vain) tried to find out the stranger's name and occupation.‎ Ⅱ.单句改错 ‎1．I intend break that trend in the coming days.break前加to或break→breaking ‎2．To gain further development, the firm had to overcome its resistant to new technology.resistant→resistance ‎3．The two boys are similar to age and appearance.to→in ‎4．He's at debt to the bank because he bought that big house.at→in ‎5．He was desperate to a toy bear, because he wanted to give it to his sister as a birthday present.第一个to→for Ⅲ.单句写作(补全句子/一句多译)‎ ‎1．事实是她竭尽所能想把她的儿子从大火中救出来，但却徒劳无功。‎ The truth is that she did everything she could to save her son from the big fire but_in_vain. ‎ ‎2．从他所说的和所做的，我们可以断定他渴望成名。‎ Judging from what he said and did, we can conclude that he was_desperate_for_fame.‎ ‎3．我比较喜欢那些对恶劣的气候有抵抗力的植物。‎ I prefer the plants that are_resistant_to_bad_climate.‎ ‎4．据说正在建设的学校是为残疾儿童设立的。‎ The school being built at present is said to be_intended_for_the_disabled_children.‎ ‎5．——你认为郎平怎么样？‎ ‎——她是位杰出的教练，名不虚传。‎ ‎—What do you think of Lang Ping?‎ ‎—She is an outstanding coach who lives_up_to_her_reputation.‎ ‎6．和孩子们待在一起时，他总是忍不住捉弄他们。‎ ‎①When staying with the boys, he_couldn't_help_playing_a_joke_on_them.(help)‎ ‎②When staying with the boys, he_couldn't_be_resistant_to_playing_a_joke on them.‎ ‎(resistant)‎ ‎③When staying with the boys, he_couldn't_resist_playing_a_joke_on_them.(resist)‎ ‎[第二板块　短语、句式突破]　‎ ‎1．(be) bent on (doing) sth. 决心做某事(通常指坏事)；一心想要做某事 ‎　[教材原句]　Pip is bent on becoming a gentleman and winning Estella's love.‎ 皮普一心想要成为一位绅士，赢得埃斯特拉的芳心。‎ bend one's mind/efforts/thoughts to sth.　　　专心于某事物 bend (sb.) to sth. 迫使(某人)屈从某物 ‎①The girls are bent on going (go) to the beach this weekend.‎ 女孩们决定这个周末去海滩游玩。‎ ‎②Most people bend_to fate, but I don't.‎ ‎ 多数人屈服于命运，但我不会这样。‎ ‎2．on the run 躲避；忙碌，不停地奔波 ‎　[教材原句]　The film begins the same way as the novel does — with Finn (Pip) meeting a violent criminal on the run from the police.‎ 电影的开头和小说的开头一样——皮普遇见了一个为躲避警察(的追捕)而四处逃亡的凶恶的犯人。‎ ‎(1)in the long/short run　　从长远/短期来看 ‎ a run of 一连串(类似的)事件 ‎ (2)on the way 在路上 ‎ on the go 十分活跃；非常忙碌 ‎ ‎①Mom has been on_the_run all week preparing for Tom's wedding.‎ 母亲为准备汤姆的婚礼已经马不停蹄忙了整整一星期。‎ ‎②Education is more valuable than money in_the_long_run.‎ 从长远来看，教育比金钱更有价值。‎ ‎3. live up to达到，符合(期望)；不辜负；遵守(诺言) ‎ ‎　[教材原句]　However, if you liked the book, you should probably not be too eager to see the film, as it is not likely to live up to your great expectations.‎ 然而，如果你喜欢这本书，就不要急于看电影，因为它可能不会达到你的预期。‎ live on　　　　　　　以……为生；继续存在 live with 忍受，容忍 live through 经历艰难或险境而幸存 live out 活过；实践；实现；住在外面 live a ... life 过着……的生活 live by doing sth. 靠做某事赚钱为生 ‎①Students should live_up_to certain standards of behaviour.‎ 学生应该遵守一定的行为准则。‎ ‎②Nowadays, people have to learn to live_with all kinds of pressure ‎ although they are living_a_comfortable_life.‎ 如今，尽管人们过着舒适的生活，但他们不得不学会忍受各种压力。‎ ‎③It was becoming more and more difficult to live_on his salary.‎ 越来越难以靠他的工资维持生计了。‎ ‎4．Pip's sister often abuses him, but Joe is a kind and simple man who would_rather_die_than_see any harm come to Pip. ‎ 皮普的姐姐经常辱骂他，但乔却是一个善良、淳朴的人，他宁愿死也不愿看到皮普受到任何伤害。‎ ‎　would rather do ... than do ...意为“宁愿做……而不愿做……”。‎ ‎ (1)would rather常用于以下句型：‎ ‎ ‎(2)would rather 后跟宾语从句时，从句用虚拟语气。‎ ‎①He would rather give (give) lectures to the students than be_invited (invite) to boring conferences.‎ 他宁愿给学生上课也不愿被邀请参加乏味的会议。‎ ‎②I'd rather you hadn't_told (not tell) him the news that day.‎ 我真希望你那天没有把那个消息告诉他。‎ ‎③I'd rather you went (go) home now, because your daughter is ‎ alone at home.‎ 我希望你现在就回家，因为你女儿独自一人在家。‎ ‎[联想发散]　“宁愿做某事也不愿做某事”还可表述为：would do sth. rather than do sth.; prefer to do sth. rather than do sth.; prefer doing sth. to doing sth.等。‎ ‎[短语、句式过关练]‎ Ⅰ.选词填空 be adapted from， be bent on， be set in， in tune， be intended to do， touch on， come out， at a time ‎ ‎1．Congratulations! Your article came_out in yesterday's newspaper.‎ ‎2．Show your student card when borrowing books and borrow only one book at_a_time.‎ ‎3．The TV serial Dream of Red Mansions is_adapted_from the wellknown novel with the same title. ‎ ‎4．If you are_bent_on doing this, you must work hard and fight this battle through to victory.‎ ‎5．The adventure story is_set_in London, drawing successfully on African traditions.‎ ‎6．More importantly than all of that, she sings in_tune. She has got absolutely great potential.‎ ‎7．The fence along the middle of the road is_intended_to guard ‎ vehicles from crashing into each other.‎ ‎8．Let me now deal more fully with the important question that was touched_on earlier.‎ Ⅱ.补全句子/一句多译 ‎1．在医生使用新治疗方案之后，我的父亲被治愈了。‎ My father got_cured after the doctor used a new treatment.‎ ‎2．他直到上大学才学习英语。‎ He didn't_study_English_until he went to college.‎ ‎3．为了解决这个问题，我和我的朋友决心一起给学校写一个建议。‎ In order to solve the problem, I, together with my friends, am_bent_on_writing_a_suggestion to our school.‎ ‎4．我们队赢了的消息使我们大家非常高兴。‎ The news that our team had won made_us_very_happy.‎ ‎5．我宁愿你昨天做完了作业。‎ I would_rather_you_had_finished your homework yesterday.‎ ‎6．为了过低碳生活，越来越多的人宁愿骑自行车，也不愿开车。‎ ‎①To live a lowcarbon life, more_and_more_people_would_rather_ride_a_bicycle than drive.(would rather ...than ...)‎ ‎②To live a lowcarbon life, ‎ more_and_more_people_would_ride_a_bicycle rather_than drive.(would ...rather than ...)‎ ‎③To live a lowcarbon life, more_and_more_people_prefer_to_ride_a_bicycle rather_than drive.(prefer ...rather than ...)‎ 提能一　用课文词汇写高分作文 novelist， reputation， resist， generous， desperate， reform， adore， appeal to， touch on， brand new， on the run ‎ ‎1．补全要点句(“黑体”部分选用上面方框中的单词或短语)‎ ‎①布莱克先生是一位声望很高的小说家。‎ Mr. Black is a novelist_of_good_reputation.‎ ‎②他的很多作品涉及人们的生活，呼吁人们加强团结，抵制暴力，对他人慷慨、有礼貌，对未来不要绝望，并劝说人们有勇气进行改变。‎ Most of his works touched_on people's life, and he appealed_to the people to strengthen unity, resist_violence,_be_generous_and_civil,_not_to_be_desperate_for the future and persuaded people to reform_bravely.‎ ‎③很多人为了生活不停奔波，即使尝试过却失败了也不愿意放弃生活目标。‎ Many people are on_the_run,_and they never give up their life goal even if they try and fail. ‎ ‎④布莱克先生的作品给人以全新的感觉，因此很多读者喜欢他。‎ Mr. Black's works gave_people_a_brand_new_feeling,_so many readers adored_him very much.‎ ‎2．升级平淡句 ‎(1)用“would rather ...than ...”句式改写句③‎ Many_people_are_on_the_run,_and_they_would_rather_try_and_fail_than_give_up_their_life_goal.‎ ‎(2)用“make＋宾语＋宾语补足语”改写句④‎ Mr._Black's_works_gave_people_a_brand_new_feeling,_making_many_readers_adore_him_very_much.‎ ‎3．衔接成语篇(注意使用适当的过渡衔接词汇：on the one hand ... on the other hand, so)‎ Mr. Black is a novelist of good reputation.On the one hand, most of his works touched on people's life, and he appealed to the people to strengthen unity, resist violence, be generous and civil, not to be desperate for the future and persuaded people to reform bravely. On the other hand, in his works many people are on the run, and they would rather try and fail than give up their life goal. So Mr. Black's works gave people a brand new feeling, making many readers adore him very much.‎ 提能二　用课文句型解构高考长难句　[本单元突破点——that引导的两个并列的宾语从句]‎ 经典例句 比较分析 真题尝试翻译 课文长难句 He learns that wealth does not buy happiness and that friends are more important than a fancy education.‎ 句子主语是 He, 谓语动词learns后面接了两个由that引导的宾语从句，分别是：wealth does not buy happiness和friends are more important than a fancy education。‎ 我祝你回家旅程安全愉快，并且希望将来会有更多这样的项目。‎ 真题长难句 I wish you will have a safe and happy journey home and that there will be more programs like this in the future.(2016·天津高考)‎ 句子主语是 I ，谓语动词 wish 后面有两个宾语从句，分别是 you will have a safe and happy journey home和there will be more programs like this in the future，其中第一个句子前面省略了that。‎ 本单元的话题是“文学世界”，文学是我们生活中的话题，也是高考常考话题之一。有人说，文学是“大漠孤烟直，长河落日圆”的高远，是“秋水共一色”的壮阔，是“飞流直下三千尺”‎ 的奇伟。有时候，文学像一盏茶，我们读文学的心情便如杯中的茶叶，起起伏伏，淡淡的清香久久不能散去，茶香不是在口中而是在内心深处。纵观历年高考，在听力、完形填空、阅读理解、写作等题型中常有考查。‎ 一、话题与语篇 ‎[考题示例]　　　　　　　　　　(2017·6月浙江高考)‎ Alia Baker is a librarian in Iraq. Her library used to be a __36__ place for all who loved books and liked to share knowledge. They __37__ various matters all over the world. When the war was near, Alia was __38__ that the fires of war would destroy the books, which are more __39__ to her than mountains of gold. The books are in every language — new books, ancient books, __40__ a book on the history of Iraq that is seven hundred years old.‎ She had asked the government for __41__ to move the books to a __42__ place, but they refused. So Alia took matters into her own hands. __43__， she brought books home every night, __44__ her car late after work. Her friends came to __45__ her when the war broke out. Anis who owned a restaurant __46__ to hide some books. All through the __47__， Alia, Anis, his brothers and neighbours took the books from the library, __48__ them over the sevenfoot wall and __49__ them in the restaurant. The books stayed hidden as the war __50__. Then nine days later, a fire burned the __51__ to the ground.‎ One day, the bombing stopped and the __52__ left. But the war was not over yet. Alia knew that if the books were to be safe, they must be __53__ again while the city was __54__. So she hired a truck to bring all the books to the houses of friends in the suburbs (郊区). Now Alia waited for the war to end and __55__ peace and a new library.‎ ‎36．A.meeting　　　　　　　 B．working C．personal D．religious ‎37．A.raised B．handled C．reported D．discussed ‎38．A.worried B．angry C．doubtful D．curious ‎39．A.practical B．precious C．reliable D．expensive ‎40．A.then B．still C．even D．rather ‎41．A.permission B．confirmation C．explanation D．information ‎42．A.large B．public C．distant D．safe ‎43．A.Fortunately B．Surprisingly C．Seriously D．Secretly ‎44．A.starting B．parking C．filling D．testing ‎45．A.stop B．help C．warn D．rescue ‎46．A.intended B．pretended C．happened D．agreed ‎47．A.war B．night C．building D．way ‎48．A.put B．opened C．passed D．threw ‎49．A.hid B．exchanged C．burnt D．distributed ‎50．A.approached B．erupted C．continued D．ended ‎51．A.restaurant B．library C．city D．wall ‎52．A.neighbours B．soldiers C．friends D．customers ‎53．A.sold B．read C．saved D．moved ‎54．A.occupied B．bombed C．quiet D．busy ‎55．A.dreamed of B．believed in C．cared about D．looked for ‎[策略指导]　‎ ‎(一)这样读文 ‎1．抓首句，明文体，确保读文方向不跑偏 由文章首句“Alia Baker is a librarian in Iraq.”和文中关键信息词、句“When the war was near” “Then nine days later”“One day”等可知本文为记叙文。‎ ‎2．抓关键词(话题词、行为动词)，巧串联，理顺文脉明主旨 结合文中“librarian, library, books”等话题词汇和“destroy, move, hide”等关键信息词汇可知此文是关于“保护书籍”的故事。本文的行文脉络如下：‎ ‎(二)这样做题 ‎[名师解题]‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了在战火中，Alia ‎ Baker和身边的人勇敢地保护书籍的故事。‎ ‎36．选A　根据下文可知，爱书人士经常到Alia的图书馆看书、分享知识，对于这些人来说，该图书馆是一个聚会处，故选meeting。‎ ‎37．选D　结合语境可知，他们在这里讨论全世界各种各样的事情，故选discussed，表示“讨论，议论”。‎ ‎38．选A　根据上文提到的战争即将来临，以及下文提到的Alia和身边的人保护图书馆书籍的内容可知，此处指Alia很担心书籍在战火中被毁掉，故选worried。‎ ‎39．选B　根据语境及下文的“mountains of gold”可知，Alia认为这些书比金山还要珍贵，故选precious，表示“珍贵的”。‎ ‎40．选C　空处上下文在语义上表示递进，指甚至(even)还有700年前的有关伊拉克历史的书籍。‎ ‎41．选A　根据语境可知，她希望得到政府允许把书搬到安全的(safe)地方，但他们拒绝了。ask sb.for permission表示“请求某人的许可”，符合语境。‎ ‎42．选D　参见上题解析。‎ ‎43．选D　根据语境可知，每晚很晚下班后，Alia偷偷地把书带回家。secretly“秘密地，偷偷地”，符合语境。‎ ‎44．选C　根据上下文语境及空后的“her car”可知，Alia把书装到她的汽车里运回家。fill表示“装满”。‎ ‎45．选B　根据下文的内容可知，战争爆发后，她的朋友们也赶来帮助(help)她。‎ ‎46．选D　根据下文可知，Anis同意把一些书藏在自己的餐馆里，agree to do ... 表示“同意做……”。‎ ‎47．选B　根据语境可知，他们整晚都在从图书馆里搬书，这也照应了上文中的“every night”。‎ ‎48．选C　根据上下文可知，他们要把书递过7英尺的高墙，并把它们藏在餐馆里。pass表示“传递”。‎ ‎49．选A　参见上题解析。hide表示“隐藏”。下文的hidden亦是提示。‎ ‎50．选C　根据语境及上文中的“the war broke out”可知，战争还在继续(continued)。‎ ‎51．选B　根据语境及下文中的“a new library”可知，图书馆被全部焚毁了，故选library。‎ ‎52．选B　一天，轰炸停止了，士兵们也离开了，所以选soldiers。‎ ‎53．选D　根据下文可知，Alia知道，尽管城市是安静的，如果要想这些书安全，他们必须把这些书再转移(moved)出去。‎ ‎54．选C　参见上题解析。quiet表示“安静的”。‎ ‎55．选A　根据语境可知，Alia等待着战争的结束，梦想着(拥有)和平和一个新图书馆。dream of表示“梦想，期盼”。‎ ‎[完形填空系列技法5]　利用逻辑关系解题 从逻辑关系的高度整体上把握，就会发现逻辑关系是解答完形填空的最佳途径。它就隐藏在句子中、句与句之间以及段落的衔接中。依据逻辑关系，考生可以通过确切的、具体的线索，把答案的逻辑意义推测出来，从而在备选项中找出有相同逻辑意义的选项。这样将会使题目的难度大大降低。‎ 例如第40 题，空处上下文在逻辑上表示递进，故选even(甚至)。‎ ‎(三)这样积累 ‎1．various adj.　　　　各种各样的 ‎2．precious adj. 珍贵的 ‎3．break out 爆发 ‎4．burn ... to the ground 把……烧成灰烬 二、话题与写作 ‎[考题示例]　　　　　　　　　　(2015·福建高考)‎ 请阅读下面图画，按要求用英语写一篇词数为120左右的短文。‎ 内容要求：‎ ‎1．描述画面；‎ ‎2．概述其含义；‎ ‎3．谈谈个人感想。‎ 注意：‎ ‎1．短文开头已给出，不计入总词数；‎ ‎2．可适当发挥，使文章内容充实、行文连贯；‎ ‎3．文中不能出现考生的具体信息。‎ 参考词汇：凿，钻bore In the picture，　 ‎ ‎　　 ‎ ‎　 ‎ ‎[写作规范]　‎ 第一步：写对词汇不丢冤枉分 ‎1．穿着破旧的衣服　　　　　in_worn_clothes ‎2．在破旧的木桌旁 at_a_shabby_wooden_table ‎3．一束微弱的光线 a_weak_ray_of_light ‎4．全神贯注于 be_absorbed_in ‎5．买不起 can't_afford_...‎ ‎6．在墙上 in_the_wall ‎7．获取知识 acquire_knowledge ‎8．气馁 get_discouraged ‎9．处境 situation ‎10．反映 reflect ‎11．有价值，重要 count ‎12．得到回报 pay_off ‎13．竭力做某事 take_pains_to_do_sth.‎ 第二步：列全要点，写对句子保基本分 ‎1．我们会看到一个穿着破旧衣服的小孩，坐在一张破旧的木桌旁。‎ We_can_see_a_boy_in_worn_clothes,_sitting_at_a_shabby_wooden_table.‎ ‎2．桌子上有一堆书。‎ There_were_a_pile_of_books_on_the_table.‎ ‎3．一束微弱的光透过墙上的一个小洞，他在全神贯注地读书。‎ A_weak_ray_of_light_came_in_through_a_small_hole_in_the_wall_and_he_was_absorbed_in_his_reading.‎ ‎4．因为贫穷，那个小男孩买不起蜡烛。‎ The_boy_couldn't__afford_even_a_candle__because_he_was_poor.‎ ‎5．他在墙上凿了个洞来“偷”隔壁邻居家的光在晚上读书。‎ He_bored_a_hole_in_the_wall_to_“steal”_light_from_his_neighbor's_house_to_read_at_night.‎ ‎6．故事的寓意是，要不遗余力获取知识，不管处境多么困难都不要轻易地气馁。‎ The_moral_of_the_story_is:_spare_no_effort_to_acquire_knowledge_and_never_get_discouraged_easily_no_matter_how_difficult_the_situation_may_be.‎ ‎7．不是故事本身而是故事所反映的事情有价值。‎ It_is_not_the_story_itself_but_what_is_reflected_in_the_story_that_counts.‎ ‎8．我们应当努力提升自己为未来做好准备。‎ We_should_take_pains_to_improve_ourselves_through_learning_and_get_prepared_for_the_future.‎ 第三步：句式升级，打造亮点得高分 ‎1．将句1、2用with复合结构合并 We_can_see_a_boy_in_worn_clothes,_sitting_at_a_shabby_wooden_table_with_a_pile_of_books__on_it.‎ ‎2．将句4、5用“being＋adj.”作状语和so合并 The_boy,_being_poor,_couldn't_afford_even_a_candle,_so_he_bored_a_hole_in_the_wall_to_“steal”_light_from_his_neighbor's_house_to_read_at_night.‎ 第四步：过渡衔接，润色成文创满分 In the picture, we can see a boy in worn clothes, sitting at a shabby wooden table with a pile of books on it. A weak ray of light came in through a small hole in the wall and he was absorbed in his reading.‎ This is a wellknown story from an ancient Chinese idiom. The boy, being poor, couldn't afford even a candle, so he bored a hole in the wall to“steal”light from his neighbor's house to read at night. The moral of the story is: spare no effort to acquire knowledge and never get discouraged easily no matter how difficult the situation may be.‎ Of course, things are totally different today. It is not the story itself but what is reflected in the story that counts. Hard work pays off. We should take pains to improve ourselves through learning and get prepared for the future.‎ ‎ ‎[语言基础扎根练]‎ Ⅰ.单词拼写/用所给词的适当形式填空 ‎1．When their business failed, the family banded together and worked to pay off the debts (债务)．‎ ‎2．She wrapped (包裹) it up in pretty paper and brought it to her mother on her birthday.‎ ‎3．She hurriedly dived from the bridge and rescued (营救) the drowning child.‎ ‎4．He looked at the envelope (信封) and recognized Jenny's handwriting immediately. ‎ ‎5．Peace and development remain the two major themes (主题) of the human society.‎ ‎6．Although he was poor, he was quite generous (慷慨的) to his needy friends.‎ ‎7．She closed her eyes tightly in a vain (徒劳的) attempt to hold back the tears. ‎ ‎8．It's true that the shoeshine boy becomes a millionaire (百万富翁)．‎ ‎9．Mother Teresa earned her reputation (名声) for kindness and sacrifice by helping poor people in India.‎ ‎10．We should try to reform criminals (罪犯) through labour rather than punishment.‎ ‎11．He doesn't fear death; why do you threaten (threat) him with it?‎ ‎12．On the whole, the appearance of the house is luxurious and romantic (romance)．‎ ‎13．Pip is the main character (characteristic) of the novel Great Expectations.‎ ‎14．It's said that one in four people in that country has a criminal (crime) record.‎ ‎15．They consider it almost a crime to expose children to violence (violent) on TV.‎ Ⅱ.单句改错 ‎1．I won't buy a new pair of shoes for you until this pair worn out. worn前加is ‎2．You'd better seize this opportunity realize your dream. realize前加to ‎3．When a person is on run, I will not bother him with matters.run前加the ‎4．I intended to help him, but I was too busy at that moment. intended前加had ‎5．He couldn't make himself hear because of the noise, so we didn't know what he was saying.hear→heard ‎ ‎6．The man said that he had nothing do with the murder in the bank. do前加to ‎7．All the efforts he made were in a vain.去掉a Ⅲ.补全句子 ‎1．如果大家互相配合，难事也会变得容易。‎ A difficult task can be_made_easier if people will work in with one another.‎ ‎2．我宁愿乘火车也不愿乘飞机旅行。‎ I would_rather_travel by train than by plane.‎ ‎3．我拿的是计件工资， 不是月工资。‎ I get_paid for piecework, not on a monthly wage.‎ ‎4．这本书就是要说明为什么会这样，同时我们应该怎么做。 ‎ This book is_intended_to_explain why it is so and what can be done ‎ about it.‎ ‎5．你可以毫无困难地用英语表达你自己的意思吗？‎ Can you make_yourself_understood in English without any difficulty?‎ ‎6．他执意要辞掉这份高薪的工作。‎ He was_bent_on_quitting the wellpaid job.‎ ‎[话题语篇高考练]‎ Ⅳ.阅读理解 A ‎(2018·广东佛山质检)After two years of careful consideration, Robert McCrum has reached a conclusion on his selection of the 100 greatest novels written in English. Take a look at a few in his list：‎ The Pilgrim's Progress by John Bunyan (1678)‎ A story of a man in search of truth told with the simple clarity and beauty of Bunyan's prose makes this an English classic.‎ Robinson Crusoe by Daniel Defoe (1719)‎ By the end of the 19th century, no book in English literary history had enjoyed more editions and translations. This worldfamous novel is a complex literature that one cannot resist.‎ Gulliver's Travels by Jonathan Swift (1726)‎ A great work that's been repeatedly printed; Jonathan Swift's ‎ Gulliver's Travels comes third in our list of the best novels written in English.‎ Clarissa by Samuel Richardson (1748)‎ Clarissa is a tragic heroine, pressured by her dishonorable family to marry a wealthy man she dislikes, in the book that Samuel Johnson described as “the first book in the world that shows the knowledge about the human heart”．‎ Tom Jones by Henry Fielding (1749)‎ Tom Jones is a classic English novel that gets the spirit of its age and whose characters are wellknown since they have come to represent the society at that time.‎ Emma by Jane Austen (1816)‎ Jane Austen's Emma is her most outstanding work, mixing the best parts of her early books with a deep sense of feelings.‎ The Narrative of Arthur Gordon Pym of Nantucket by Edgar Allan Poe (1838)‎ Edgar Allan Poe's only novel — a classic adventure story with supernatural elements — has fascinated and influenced generations of writers.‎ 语篇解读：罗伯特·麦克拉姆经过两年的仔细斟酌，选出他认为的一百部最优秀的英语小说。本文就其中的七本小说进行了简单的介绍，以供喜爱读英文小说的人们选择性阅读。‎ ‎1．Which English book has got the most translations before the 20th ‎ century?‎ A．Robinson Crusoe.　　　　 B．Gulliver's Travels.‎ C．Tom Jones. D．Emma.‎ 解析：选A　细节理解题。根据Robinson Crusoe by Daniel Defoe (1719)部分的第一句可知，在20世纪前，《鲁滨逊漂流记》是被翻译的最多的英文小说。故选A项。‎ ‎2．What does Samuel Johnson think we can learn about from the book Clarissa?‎ A．A love story. B．Quarrels in a family.‎ C．The human heart. D．The spirits of the time.‎ 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据Clarissa by Samuel Richardson (1748)部分的“the first book in the world that shows the knowledge about the human heart”可知，这本书被认为是世界上第一部关于剖析人心的小说。故选C项。‎ ‎3．What makes the characters in Tom Jones famous?‎ A．Their classic lifestyles.‎ B．Their different nationalities.‎ C．Their typical spirits of the age.‎ D．Their representation of the society.‎ 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据Tom Jones by Henry Fielding (1749)部分的“Tom Jones ... whose characters are wellknown since they ‎ have come to represent the society at that time.”可知，这部小说的人物之所以有名是因为他们代表了当时的社会。故选D项。‎ B ‎(2018·河南省豫南九校联考)Working up a credit score for Walter Cavanagh has got to be a mathematical nightmare — the man has nearly 1,500 valid credit cards to his name and holds the Guinness Record for the most credit cards. Mr. Plastic Fantastic — a title given to him by Guinness World Records — is also the proud owner of the world's longest wallet, which can hold about 800 cards. But he uses it only to carry a few cards, while the rest are safely kept in bank safedeposit boxes.‎ Cavanagh started collecting credit cards in the late 1960s. “One of my best friends and I made a silly bet: the guy who could collect the most credit cards by the end of the year would win dinner，” he said. “I got 143 cards by the end of the year, and my friend gathered 138.” After winning that bet, Cavanagh decided to simply keep going with his unusual collection. He got credit cards from gas stations, airlines, bars, and even ice cream stores.‎ If there's one card missing from Cavanagh's collection, it's that from the Newberry Company. They repulsed his application for a card in the early 1970s, even though he'd collected over 100 by then. They said he had too much credit. Therefore, so far he hasn't had a Newberry card in his collection.‎ Cavanagh hasn't stopped applying for new cards — he's held the ‎ Guinness Record since 1971 and has no intention of letting go of it. He copies whole pages from a U．S. directory of businesses and keeps sending applications. If he receives a rejection, he writes back to the company explaining his goal and ambition. But he doesn't count useless cards in his total collection.‎ Thanks to all the cards to his name, Cavanagh has access to about D|S1.7 million at any moment. Despite this privilege, he has managed to maintain an excellent credit score.‎ The 72yearold retired financial planner and credit expert has only one piece of advice to share: “Never use a card to buy anything you can't pay off in a couple of months. If you don't have the_discipline,_you shouldn't have the cards.”‎ 语篇解读：本文是记叙文。文章讲述了沃尔特·卡瓦纳拥有将近1 500张信用卡，信用额度高达170万美元，创下世界纪录。‎ ‎4．Cavanagh began to collect credit cards when he ________.‎ A．owned a very long wallet B．made a bet with his friend C．wanted to create a Guinness Record D．was treated to dinner by his friend 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Cavanagh started collecting credit cards in the late 1960s. ‘One of my best friends and I made a silly bet: the guy who could collect the most credit cards by the end of the year would win dinner，’ he said”‎ 可知，自从跟朋友打赌后，卡瓦纳就开始收集信用卡了。‎ ‎5．What does the underlined word “repulsed” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?‎ A．Rejected. B．Recalled.‎ C．Repeated. D．Recognized.‎ 解析：选A　词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“They said he had too much credit. Therefore, so far he hasn't had a Newberry card in his collection”可知，卡瓦纳没有Newberry Company的卡，表明他的申请被拒绝了，故选A项。‎ ‎6．What do the underlined words “the discipline” in the last paragraph probably refer to?‎ A．Having many cards to your own name.‎ B．Buying things by card and paying off in time.‎ C．Managing to own more privileges for your card.‎ D．Using a card to buy things as many times as possible.‎ 解析：选B　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Never use a card to buy anything you can't pay off in a couple of months”可知，卡瓦纳建议人们：如果几个月内无法偿还信用卡，那人们最好别用信用卡购物，故选B项。‎ ‎7．What do we know about Cavanagh's cards?‎ A．Some of them are useless.‎ B．They are safely kept in his long wallet.‎ C．They have brought him fame and privilege.‎ D．Fewer new cards are added to his collections.‎ 解析：选C　推理判断题。根据第一段中的“holds the Guinness record for the most credit cards”及倒数第二段中的“Despite this privilege”可知，卡瓦纳收藏的信用卡给他带来荣誉并且也使他享有一些特权。‎ Ⅴ.阅读七选五 ‎(2018·南昌二中模拟)‎ We Are the World, We Are the Future Someone said “We are reading the first verse of the first chapter of a book, whose pages are infinite”. __1__ We are all in the position of the farmers. If we plant a good seed, we reap a good harvest. If we plant nothing at all, we harvest nothing at all.‎ We are young. How to spend the youth? It is a meaningful question. __2__ Youth is not a time of life; it's a state of mind. It's not a matter of rosy cheeks, red lips or supple knees. __3__ It's the freshness of the deep spring of life.‎ A poet said “To see a world in a grain of sand, and a heaven in a wild flower, hold infinity in the palm of your hand, and eternity in an hour”．Several days ago, I had a chance to listen to a lecture. I learnt a lot there. __4__ Let's show our right palms. We can see three lines that show how our love, career and life will be. I have a short line of life. What about yours? __5__ Well, let's make a fist. Where is our future?‎ ‎ Where are our love, career and life? Tell me. Yeah, they are in our hands. They're held in ourselves.‎ A．I don't know how to spend youth.‎ B．It's the matter of the will.‎ C．To answer it, first I have to ask, “What do you understand by the word ‘youth’？ ”‎ D．I don't know who wrote these words, but I've always liked them as a reminder that the future can be anything we want it to be.‎ E．I think our youth will be colorful in the future.‎ F．I'd like to share it with all of you.‎ G．I wondered whether we could see our future in this way.‎ 语篇解读：这是一篇充满激情的演讲稿。我们是世界，我们是未来，未来掌握在自己手中，奋力拼搏，创造美好未来！‎ ‎ 1.选D　根据上文中的“Someone said”可知，作者不知道是谁说的，故选D。‎ ‎2．选C　根据设空前的“It is a meaningful question.”以及设空后的内容可知，空白处应该是：要回答这个问题，我首先要问，“‘青春’这个词你是怎么理解的？”因此选C。‎ ‎3．选B　根据设空后的句子“It's the freshness of the deep spring of life.”的句式结构看，设空处应该是“It's the matter of the will”，故选B。‎ ‎4．选F　根据设空后的内容可知，这是作者跟大家分享的内容，故选F。‎ ‎5．选G　根据设空处前后句子的意思可知，G项符合语境。‎ Ⅵ.语法填空 World Read Aloud Day is celebrated each year on the first Wednesday of March. It __1__ (start) by the LitWord.org in 2010 and has now reached 65 countries. __2__ aim is to encourage people worldwide who cannot read to enjoy the benefits of a book. Its website asks everyone __3__ (celebrate) the day by taking a book, finding an audience, and reading out aloud. It is about taking action to show the world that the right to read and write __4__ (belong) to all people.‎ The website asks visitors to join in the movement to reduce __5__ number of illiterate (不识字的) people in the world. It is __6__ (absolute) necessary to help those who cannot read. The website says, “It's time to start by reading aloud to __7__ might like it. Share a book with a child who might need it, share a story with someone who would treasure it, listen patiently __8__ someone else's story as they share with you.” The United Nations says, “Literacy involves a variety of learning in enabling individuals to achieve their goals, to develop their knowledge, __9__ to participate fully in society.” In that way, World Read Aloud Day does help make a __10__ (different)．‎ ‎1．was started　考查动词的时态和语态。句意：它是由LitWorld. org于2010年发起的，现在已扩展到65个国家。根据时间状语in ‎ 2010可知，应用一般过去时；且It与start之间为被动关系，因此应用被动语态。故填was started。‎ ‎2．Its/The　考查代词或冠词。句意：它的目的是鼓励世界各地不能阅读的人们享受书带来的益处。设空后为名词aim，指代发起世界大声读书日的目的，故可用Its修饰；也可将aim理解为表特指，其前用定冠词The。‎ ‎3．to celebrate　考查非谓语动词。句意：网站要求每个人通过携带一本书，找到一位听众并大声朗诵的方式来庆祝这一天。ask sb. to do sth.意为“要求某人做某事”，为固定搭配。故填to celebrate。‎ ‎4．belongs　考查动词的时态和主谓一致。句意：这是采取行动向世界表明阅读和写作的权利属于所有人。分析句子结构可知，that从句缺少谓语，根据全文主体时态为一般现在时可知，从句也应用一般现在时；从句的主语为the right，表示单数意义，因此谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填belongs。‎ ‎5．the　考查冠词。句意：该网站要求网站访问者加入这项运动以减少世界上文盲的数量。the number of ...是固定短语，意为“……的数量”。故填the。‎ ‎6．absolutely　考查词性转换。句意：帮助那些不能阅读的人是完全有必要的。设空处修饰形容词necessary，应用副词。故填absolutely，意为“完全地；绝对地”。‎ ‎7．whoever　考查宾语从句。句意：是开始为任何可能喜欢阅读的人大声朗读的时候了。设空处引导宾语从句，且在从句中作主语。根据句意可知填whoever。‎ ‎8．‎ to　考查固定短语。句意：与可能需要书的孩子一起分享一本书，与可能珍惜它的人分享一个故事，当他们与你分享时，你要耐心地倾听他们的故事。listen to是固定短语，意为“倾听”。故填to。‎ ‎9．and　考查连词。句意：读写能力与能够使个人实现目标、获取知识和充分参与社会的方方面面的学习有关。“to achieve their goals, to develop their knowledge”与“to participate fully in society”之间为并列关系，故应用连词and连接。‎ ‎10．difference　考查词性转换。句意：以那种方式，世界大声读书日的确会起作用。根据设空前的冠词可知，此处应用所给词的名词形式。make a difference意为“起作用；有影响”，为固定搭配。故填difference。‎