【英语】2019届二轮复习2018全国卷一阅读理解里的“异曲同工”用同义转化锁定正确答案方法（3页word版） 3页

‎2019届二轮复习 2018全国卷一阅读理解里的“异曲同工” 用同义转化锁定正确答案 在听力和阅读理解中，大多数的正确答案其实是录音原文/试题文本中的某一句话的同义表达。专业术语“同义异构”就此生成，即：用不同的语言结构表达相同意义。‎ 下面，我们利用这一技巧，破解2018全国卷1里的命题人设置的“同义异构”：‎ 请看下面的例子：‎ ‎★第一处：听力 1.What will James do tomorrow?‎ A. Watch a TV program. B. Give a talk.  C. Write a report.‎ 录音原文：Text 1‎ W: James, you’ve been watching TV for the whole evening. What’s on?‎ M: It’s a science program on the origin of the universe. I’ll give a presentation on it in my class tomorrow.‎ ‎【异曲同工】 答案：B  Give a talk作报告，作讲解，与听力原文 give a presentation 作介绍，作展示是同义转化。 ‎ ‎★第二处：听力 6. What does the woman regret?‎ A. Giving up her research.   ‎ B. Dropping out of college.  ‎ C. Changing her major.‎ 录音原文：Text 6 ‎ W: The biggest mistake I made, uh…was leaving college in my last year and not completing my education. So, I’m thinking of going back to school.‎ ‎【异曲同工】答案：B  Dropping out of college 辍学、退学与听力原文leaving college 离开大学是同义转化。‎ ‎★第三处：听力 12. Who is Alice going to call?‎ ‎ A. Mike.       B. Joan.  C. Catherine.‎ 录音原文：Text 6 ‎ M: No. But if you like, I can ask around. Uh, Joan might want to go.‎ W: Oh, yes. She’s a great fan of classical music. I’llgive her a ring after lunch.‎ ‎【异曲同工】答案：B  题干中call与听力原文give her a ring是同义转化，都表示“打电话”。‎ ‎★第四处：阅读理解A  ‎ ‎21. Which tour do you need to book in advance?‎ A. Cherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington, D.C.‎ B. Washington Capital Monuments Bicycle Tour.‎ C. Capital City Bike Tour in Washington, D.C.‎ D. Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle Tour.‎ 真题原文：‎ Reserve your spot before availability —— and the cherry blossoms —— disappear!‎ ‎【异曲同工】答案：A  题干中book in advance与真题原文中reserve是同义转化，都表示“预定”。‎ ‎★第五处：阅读理解A ‎23. Which of the following does the bicycle tour atnight provide?‎ A. City maps. ‎ B. Cameras. ‎ C. Meals.‎ D. Safety lights.‎ 真题原文：‎ Join a small group bike tour for an evening of exploration in the heart of Washington, D.C. Get up close to the monuments and memorials as you bike the sites of Capitol Hill and the National Mall.‎ Tour includes bike, helmet, and bottled water. All riders are equipped with reflective vests and safety lights.‎ ‎【异曲同工】答案：D  题干中night与真题原文中evening是同义转化，都表示“夜间”。‎ ‎★第六处：阅读理解B ‎25. How does Matt Tebbutt help Susanna?‎ A. He buys cooking materials for her. ‎ B. He prepares food for her kids.‎ C. He assists her in cooking matters. ‎ D. He invites guest families for her.‎ 真题原文：‎ In Save Money: Good Food, she visits a different home each week and with the help of chef Matt Tebbutt offers top tips on how to reduce food waste, while preparing recipes for under £5 per family a day.‎ ‎【异曲同工】答案：C  题干中help，选项C中assist,与真题原文中with the help of是同义转化，都表示“帮助”意义。‎ ‎★第七处：阅读理解C ‎30. How many languages are spoken by less than 6,000 people at present?‎ A. About 6,800. ‎ B. About 3,400.‎ C. About 2,400. ‎ D. About 1,200.‎ 真题原文：‎ The median number (中位数) of speakers is a mere 6,000, which means that half the world’s languages are spoken by fewer people than that.‎ ‎【异曲同工】答案：B  题干中less than与真题原文中fewer…than…是同义转化，都表示“少于”意义。‎ ‎★第八处：阅读理解D ‎33. Why did Babbitt’s team conduct the research?‎ A. To reduce the cost of minerals.‎ B. To test the life cycle of a product.‎ C. To update consumers on new technology.‎ D. To find out electricity consumption of the devices.‎ 真题原文：‎ To figure out how much power these devices are using, Callie Babbitt and her colleagues at the Rochester Institute of Technology in New York tracked the environmental costs for each product throughout its life.‎ ‎【异曲同工】答案：D  选项D. To find out electricity consumption of the devices.与真题原文中To figure out how much power these devices are using是典型的同义转化。都表示“为了核算出这些设备的耗电量”，electricity与power是“同义异构”。‎