高考英语一轮复习第1部分Module2TrafficJam课时作业外研版必修4 8页

只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 1 Module 2 Traffic Jam Ⅰ.阅读理解 A (2017·广东五校协作体第一次联考) 导学号 58082369 Two of the saddest words in the English language are “if only”．I live my life with the goal of never having to say those words, because they convey regret, lost opportunities, mistakes, and disappointment. My father is famous in our family for saying, “Take the extra minute to do it right.” I always try to live by the “extra minute” rule.When my children were young and likely to cause accidents, I always thought about what I could do to avoid an “if only” moment, whether it was something minor like moving a cup full of hot coffee away from the edge of a counter, or something that required a little more work such as taping padding (衬垫) onto the sharp corners of a glass coffee table. I don't only avoid those “if only” moments when it comes to safety.It's equally important to avoid “if only” in our personal relationships.We all know people who lost a loved one and regretted that they had foregone an opportunity to say “I love you” or “I forgive you.” When my father announced he was going to the eye doctor across from my office on Good Friday, I told him that it was a holiday for my company and I wouldn't be here.But then I thought about the fact that he's 84 years old and I realized that I shouldn't give up an opportunity to see him.I called him and told him I had decided to go to work on my day off after all. I know there will still be occasions when I have to say “if only” about something, but my life is definitely better because of my policy of doing everything possible to avoid that eventuality.And even though it takes an extra minute to do something right, or it occasionally takes an hour or two in my busy schedule to make a personal connection, I know that I'm doing the right thing.I'm buying myself peace of mind and that's the best kind of insurance for my emotional well－being. 文章大意：本文讲述了作者认为英语中最悲伤的两个词语是“if only”，因为他们表达 了遗憾。父亲在我小的时候经常让我提前做一些能防止意外发生的事，因此我懂得珍惜现在 所拥有的一切，而且我知道我正在做对的事。 1．Which of the following is an example of the “extra minute” rule？__D__ 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 2 A．Start the car the moment everyone is seated. B．Leave the room for a minute with the iron working. C．Wait for an extra minute so that the steak tastes better. D．Move an object out of the way before it trips someone. 解析：推理判断题。由第二段 whether it was something minor like moving a cup full of hot coffee away from the edge of a counter, or something that required a little more work such as taping padding(衬垫) onto the sharp corners of a glass coffee table. 可知在物体绊住别人之前将它移动属于 the “extra minute” rule，故选 D。 2．The author decided to go to her office on Good Friday to__B__. A．keep her appointment with the eye doctor B．meet her father who was already an old man C．join in the holiday celebration of the company D．finish her work before the deadline approached 解析：细节理解题。由第三段“When my father announced he was going to the eye doctor across from my office on Good Friday，I told him that it was a holiday for my company and I wouldn't be here.But then I thought about the fact that he's 84years old and I realized that I shouldn't give up an opportunity to see him.”可知我在周五休息 的时候去工作是为了去看我的已经是个老人的爸爸，故选 B。 3．The underlined word “foregone” in Paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to__C__. A．avoided B．lacked C．abandoned D．took 解析：猜测词意题。由第三段 We all know people who lost a loved one and regretted that they had foregone an opportunity to say “I love you” or “I forgive you.” 可知我们都知道失去亲人的人当初放弃了一个机会说“我爱你”或“我原谅你”，划线词语 指“放弃”与 C 项同义，故选 C。 4．What is the best title for the passage？__B__ A．The Emotional Well－being B．The Two Saddest Words C．The Most Useful Rule D．The Peace of Mind 解析：主旨大意题。本文围绕英语中两个最悲伤的词语展开叙述，故选 B。 B 导学号 58082370 In Los Angeles, drivers spend sixty－one hours every year stuck in traffic. These drivers know too well how bad the traffic can be. “There're too many cars, and you can't move around a lot.” 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 3 Professor Cyrus Shahabi also knows about traffic jams. He lives more than 65 kilometers from his office at the University of Southern California in Los Angeles. He is always late even with the help of a navigation (导航) system. He decided to develop a program called ClearPath for that. He says his program uses historical data to predict traffic conditions even before the driver leaves the house. “What's unique is that we use a lot of data that's currently become available including traffic data, weather data, and we analyze that so that we can predict what's going to happen in front of you when you leave home.” Professor Shahabi says his system does more than just respond to current traffic conditions. With ClearPath, he says, a driver can decide what time he wants to leave, and ClearPath will give the fastest route. It looks at the entire road network, including surface streets as well as highways, before the driver hits the road. Professor Shahahi hopes to have ClearPath available nationwide and overseas once they can collect traffic data from other cities. “I always thought that Los Angeles had the worst traffic, but now I know that Shanghai, Beijing, Seoul, Tokyo, believe it or not, Singapore, Hong Kong certainly are examples that can immediately use this.” Professor Shahabi hopes to share this new technology with companies that already have navigation systems, such as Google and Apple. 文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。在洛杉矶，交通阻塞非常严重。赛勒斯·谢哈比教授决 定开发一款名叫 ClearPath 的系统，这个系统可以利用历史数据，在司机出发前就可以预测 道路的交通状况。 5．Drivers in Los Angeles were mentioned in order to __D__. A．show care for them B．introduce their life C．solve traffic problems D．raise the topic [解析] 推理判断题。文章第一段提到洛杉矶的交通阻塞非常严重，洛杉矶的司机对这 一交通情况十分了解，也感到很无奈。提到司机的目的是为了引出下文，提出本文的主题。 故选 D 项。 6．What is unique about ClearPath？__D__ A．It can use a lot of information all over the world. B．It can ensure that you will never be late for work. C．It helps drivers see clearly what happens on the road. D．It helps drivers know the road conditions ahead of time. 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 4 [解析] 细节理解题。根据第四段“What's unique is that we use a lot of data that's currently become available including traffic data, weather data, and we analyze that so that we can predict what's going to happen in front of you when you leave home.” 可知，ClearPath 系统可以分析多种数据，提前预测道路交通状况。故选 D 项。 7．The underlined word “hits” in the fifth paragraph probably means __B__. A．have an accident B．get to C．turn left or right D．collect traffic data [解析] 词义猜测题。根据第四段内容可知，在司机出发之前，这个系统会对路况进行 分析。由此推断，before the driver hits the road 意为“在司机上路之前”，hit 意为“到 达”。故选 B 项。 8．What's Professor Shahabi's attitude toward his invention？__C__ A．Disappointed. B．Proud. C．Optimistic. D．Worried. [解析] 推理判断题。根据第五段最后一句、第六段以及最后一段可知，谢哈比教授认 为他发明的系统有希望应用于全国乃至全世界各个国家，并且他希望能和一些公司分享自己 的新发明。由此推断，他认为新发明的前景很乐观。故选 C 项。 Ⅱ.七选五 导学号 58082371 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余 选项。 Doctors Say Most Heart Disease Preventable Heart disease is the number one killer, worldwide, of men and women over the age of 60. But people of all ages die of heart attacks each year. And while death rates have declined in the U．S. and many western European countries, they are on the rise in the developing world. _1.G__. No one would have guessed that Barbara Teng would have a heart attack. She was not overweight. She did not smoke or exercise. “In 2004，the week after I turned 49, when I was on a business trip in Chicago，I had a major heart attack，”she said._2.E__. She now exercises daily, and monitors her heart health. Dr. Patrice Nickens, who is with the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, thinks that heart disease is 82 percent preventable. “_3.C__，” she said.“Men are also facing the same problem, and the key to staying healthy is knowing your numbers.” “Your weight, your blood cholesterol, blood sugar and your blood pressure are important numbers that can help you take action and reduce your risk，” she said. _4.A__. 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 5 “And the steps to take are simple：don't smoke, maintain a healthy weight, exercise, know your numbers and talk to your physician and control these risks，” she said. African－Americans are at higher－than－average risk for heart disease and stroke；people don't even know they have it, which increases the risk. Medstar Washington Hospital Center is trying to reach this population._5.D__. For example, helping the people monitor their blood pressure. If people realize they are at risk for heart disease, they'll make lifestyle changes: lose weight, exercise, eat the right foods and keep in touch with a doctor. A．A healthy lifestyle can prevent heart disease B．So we must cure heart disease C．It is the leading cause of death for women D．With the right training, they can play an important role in community health E．And that changed her life F．Lack of exercise causes heart attacks G．Yet most heart disease is preventable 文章大意：本文为议论文。其主题是：绝大多数心脏病是可以预防的。 [解析] 1.本段的功能是引出主题，即大多数心脏病是可以预防的，故答案为 G 项。 2．本空前面提到 Barbara Teng 在心脏病发作前不抽烟，不锻炼“did not smoke or exercise”，设空处后提到她开始每天锻炼“She now exercises daily”，由此可见心脏病 发作改变了她的生活，故答案为 E 项。 3．根据设空后的“Men are also facing the same problem”可推知本空应为心脏病对 女性的影响，C 项中的“women”是一种暗示。 4．设空处下面介绍的内容都是生活方式的改变，故答案为 A 项“健康的生活方式可以预 防心脏病”。 5．设空处后的句子“例如：帮助人们监测血压”作为例子用于说明本空的内容，通过逆 向思维可推知本题答案为 D 项“通过正确的培训，他们可以在社区健康方面起很大的作用”。 Ⅲ.语法填空 导学号 58082372 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1 个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 (2016·河北邯郸市高三一模) A missing two－year－old child has been found safe and well in the Australian bush after being guarded from harm by his family's _1.faithful__(faith) pet dog for 14 hours. Dasher，the dog，and Dante Berry disappeared from the front garden on Tuesday 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 6 evening.More than 100 police，firefighters and volunteers searched the bush _2.for__ the missing child and dog, 3.following__(follow) their foot and paw prints as they wandered through the sandy land.An abandoned nappy(尿布)_4.found__(find) next to a dirt track was the breakthrough rescuers needed to find _5.the__ pair. They were eventually discovered when two policemen _6.heard__(hear) a loud cry in knee － high bush several meters from the track.One of the police _7.officers__(officer) said，“Dante had very dirty feet，legs and hands _8.but__ the child was in a pretty good condition._9.Luckily__ (lucky)，he had his dog with him.” The child's grandfather said he was over the moon about Dante's rescue，and thanked the people taking part in the search.Police said they would figure out _10.what__ led to his disappearance. 文章大意：一个两岁的小孩失踪 14 小时后，在他家宠物狗的陪伴下，安然获救。 [解析] 1.考查词性转换。设空处修饰 pet dog，应用形容词。故填 faithful。 2．考查介词。句意：100 多位警察、消防员和志愿者跟随着他们在沙地上走动时留下的 脚印和爪印，在灌木丛中寻找失踪的孩子和狗。search sp. for sth./sb.为固定搭配，意为 “在某地寻找某物/某人”。故填 for。 3．考查非谓语动词。句意见上一题解析。分析句子结构可知，设空前无连词且句中已有 谓语动词 searched，因此设空处应用非谓语动词；主语 More than 100 police，firefighters and volunteers 和 follow 之间为主动关系，故用现在分词形式作伴随状语。故填 following。 4．考查非谓语动词。句意：在一条泥路旁被找到的一条丢弃的尿布是救援者们找到这一 对伙伴的突破点。分析句子结构可知，设空前无连词且句中已有谓语动词 was，因此设空处 应用非谓语动词；nappy 和 find 之间为逻辑上的被动关系，故用过去分词作后置定语。故填 found。 5．考查冠词。句意见上一题解析。根据上文可知，失踪的是一个孩子和一只狗，故 pair 在此表示“两个；一对”，且表特指。故填 the。 6．考查动词的时态。句意：两位警察在听到离道路数米远的齐膝高的灌木丛里有很大的 哭声，最终发现了他们。本空时态应与本句中的 were eventually discovered 保持一致，故 填 heard。 7．考查名词单复数。句意：其中的一位警察说：“丹蒂的腿脚和手非常脏，但是他的身 体状况很好。幸运的是，他的狗陪着他。”“one of＋可数名词复数”表示“……之一”。 故填 officers。 8．考查连词。句意见上一题解析。根据句意可知，两个分句之间为转折关系。故填 but。 9．考查词性转换。句意见第 7 题解析。设空处位于句首，作状语修饰整个句子，应用副 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 7 词。故填 Luckily。 10．考查宾语从句。句意：警察说他们会弄清楚是什么导致小男孩的失踪。分析句子结 构可知，figure out 为动词短语，其后接宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，且表示“什么”。故 填 what。 Ⅳ.短文改错 导学号 58082373 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共 有 10 处错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加，删除或修改。 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除：把多余的词用()划掉。 修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词； 2.只允许修改 10 处，多者(从第 11 处起)不计分。 (2016·湖南郴州市质监) In the past，we usually go shopping in stores，supermarkets and malls.And nowadays， shopping online has become an important part of many people's life. According to a study on online shopping in China，the number of online shopping in China has already come about 0.42 billion.It is show that most of them are people aged from 18 to 35.Besides，many women than men prefer online shopping. There are various reason for people's preference for online shopping.First of all，it's advantage is to spare much time and trouble in shopping outside.In an addition，various goods attract people，especial young people who are more particular about styles and fashions.Last but not least，online shopping has a greater advantage in price，which can attracted online shoppers. 答案： In the past，we usually go went shopping in stores，supermarkets and malls.And But nowadays，shopping online has become an important part of many people's life. According to a study on online shopping in China，the number of online shopping in China has already come∧ to about 0.42 billion.It is show shown that most of them are people aged from 18 to 35.Besides，many more women than men prefer online shopping. There are various reason reasons for people's preference for online shopping.First of all，it's its advantage is to spare much time and trouble in shopping outside.In an 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 8 addition ， various goods attract people ， especial especially young people who are more particular about styles and fashions.Last but not least，online shopping has a greater advantage in price，which can attracted attract online shoppers. [解析] 1.go→went 根据时间状语 In the past 可知，应用一般过去时。故将 go 改为 went。 2．And→But 以前人们去商店、超市和商场购物，现在网购成了生活中重要的一部分。 由此可知，上下文之间是转折关系，故将 And 改为 But。 3．在 come 后加 to come 是不及物动词，其后不能直接跟宾语；根据句意可知，此处指 “达到”，故用 come to。故在 come 后加介词 to。 4．show→shown 主语 it 与动词 show 之间是被动关系，应用被动语态。故将 show 改为 shown。 5．many→more 根据提示词 than 可知，此处用比较级。故将 many 改为 more。 6．reason→reasons reason 意为“理由，原因”，为可数名词，其前有 various“各 种各样的”，因此应用复数形式。故将 reason 改为 reasons。 7．it's→its 修饰名词作定语用形容词性物主代词，故将 it's 改为 its。 8．删除 an in addition 是固定短语，意为“另外，此外”。故删除冠词 an。 9．especial→especially 句意：此外，各种各样的商品很吸引人，尤其是那些更讲究 风格和时尚的年轻人。especial 是形容词，意为“特殊的，特别的”；especially 是副词， 意为“尤其是”，在句中作状语。此处表示“尤其”，应用副词。故将 especial 改为 especially。 10．attracted→attract 情态动词后接动词原形。故将 attracted 改为 attract。