高考英语一轮复习精讲学案：选修7 Unit 2 Robots 16页

Unit 2 Robots Ⅰ.重要单词聚焦 ‎1． n．　　　　渴望；欲望；渴求 ‎ vt. 希望得到；想要 ‎2． n. 满意；满足；令人满意的事物 ‎3． vt. 使警觉；使惊恐；惊动 ‎　 　　 n. 警报；惊恐 ‎4． n. 同情(心)‎ ‎5． adj. 优雅的；高雅的；讲究的 ‎6． n. 全体员工 desire satisfaction alarm sympathy elegant staff ‎7． vt. 细看；仔细检查；浏览；扫描 ‎8． vt. 陪伴；伴奏 ‎9． n. 事务；事情；暧昧关系 ‎10． vt. 宣布；声明；表明；宣称 ‎11． vt. 忌妒；羡慕 ‎12． n．& vt. 喜爱，恩惠；偏袒 ‎13． vt. 陈述，宣布 scan accompany affair declare envy favour state ‎14． adj. 一定的，密切相关的 ‎15． n. 天才；特殊能力；才干 ‎16． n. 离婚；断绝关系 ‎　　 vt. 与……离婚；与……脱离 ‎17． vt.& vi. 服从；顺从 ‎18． n. 评价，评定 bound talent divorce obey assessment Ⅱ.重点短语扫描 ‎1．test 试验；考验 ‎2．take sth. 认真对待……‎ ‎3．set 为……节省或保留(钱或时间)‎ ‎4．be to 一定做 ‎5．ring 给……打电话 ‎6．leave... 不管；别惹；让……一个人待着；‎ ‎7．in all 一共；总计 ‎8．be with... 对……感到满意 ‎9． (from) doing sth. 阻止……干 ‎10．search 寻找；搜寻 out seriously aside bound up alone pleased prevent for Ⅲ.课文原句突破 ‎1．By the amused and surprised look on her face，Claire knew that Gladys thought she was having an affair.‎ ‎[信息提取]　amused and surprised是过去分词短语，用做定语修饰名词look。‎ ‎[例句仿写]　老师脸上带着关切的神情。‎ There is________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________.‎ ‎【答案】　a concerned look on the teacher’s face ‎2．But even though Tony had been so clever，he would have to be rebuilt—you cannot have women falling in love with machines.‎ ‎[信息提取]　have sb.doing sth.让某人做某事。‎ ‎[例句仿写]　我愿他们相互之间很快能用西班牙语交谈。‎ I will________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________to each other in no time.‎ ‎【答案】　have them all talking in Spanish ‎3．Use a clear simple style as if you were writing to younger students in your school.‎ ‎[信息提取]　as if就像……似的，仿佛……。‎ ‎[例句仿写]　厨房里好像有什么东西烧着了。‎ The kitchen________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________in it.‎ ‎【答案】　smells as if something is burning ‎4．Tony had protected a human being from harm.He had prevented Claire from harming herself through her own sense of failure.‎ ‎[信息提取]　protect sb./sth.from sth.保护……使不受……；使……免于……。‎ ‎[例句仿写]　幼苗必须很好地加以保护以免受冻。‎ Young plants should________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________.‎ ‎【答案】　be well protected from the cold desire ‎(1)n.渴望，欲望；渴求 My desire is that I should come to China again soon.‎ 我的愿望是能很快再来中国。‎ Her lifelong desire of living in the country was at last realised.‎ 她向往过乡下生活的宿愿最后实现了。‎ He has a strong desire for success/to succeed.‎ 他强烈渴望成功。‎ ‎(2)vt.希望得到；想要 We always desire to live in peace with our neighbors.‎ 我们一向希望邻里之间和睦相处。‎ We all desire happiness and health.‎ 我们大家都想要幸福和健康。‎ ‎1．We desire that immediate help________to the local villagers who have been trapped by the flood.‎ A．be given　　　　　　　　B．will be given C．should give D．is given ‎【解析】　本题考查动词desire的用法。本题题意为：我们渴望给予那些被洪水围困的当地村民们立刻的援助。题干中以that引起的从句作句中动词desire的宾语，desire的宾语从句的谓语动词应该用虚拟语气，即should＋动词原形，should亦可被省略，故选项B、D应排除；因为help和give是被动关系，故C项错误。‎ ‎【答案】　A sympathy n.‎ ‎(1)同情，同情心 I have no sympathy for Jane.It’s all her own fault.‎ 我不同情简，那全是她自己的错。‎ We all have great sympathy for the victims of the Wenchuan Earthquake.我们所有人对汶川大地震的遇难者都深表同情。‎ ‎(2)赞同，支持 Do you have any sympathy with his point of view?‎ 你同意他的观点吗？‎ I’m in sympathy with you on that point.‎ 在那一点上，我同意你的看法。‎ ‎2．Out of________for the homeless children，he gave them shelter for the night.‎ A．pity B．shame C．sympathy D．mercy ‎【解析】　本题考查了sympathy的用法。此句可译为：出于对无家可归的孩子们的同情，他给他们提供了住处。out of sympathy for是固定短语，意为“出于对……的同情”，符合句意；pity怜悯；惋惜；shame可惜；羞愧；mercy仁慈，三者皆不合句意。‎ ‎【答案】　C declare vt.宣布；声明；表明；宣称 ‎①His actions declared him to be an honest man.‎ 他的行为表明他是个诚实的人。‎ ‎②Jones was declared the winner of the fight.‎ 琼斯被宣布为这场竞赛的优胜者。‎ ‎③The manager declared the meeting open.经理宣布会议开始。‎ ‎④When they asked him for his opinion，he declared strongly against the policy.‎ 他们向他征求意见时，他声明强烈反对这项政策。‎ ‎⑤Britain declared war on/against Germany on September 3rd,1939.1939年9月3日英国对德宣战。‎ 辨析：announce与declare ‎(1)announce指正式地“公开；发表；宣布”，侧重“预告”‎ 人们所关心或感兴趣的事情，尤指新闻之类的消息。‎ The news was announced to the public on TV.‎ 这则消息由电视向大家宣布。‎ ‎(2)declare指正式地、明确地向公众“宣布；宣告；声明”，侧重“当众”发表，多用于宣战、议和、宣判等。‎ The doctor finally declared that the man was dead.‎ 医生最后宣布那个男人死亡。‎ ‎3．(2006年福建卷)The moment the 28th Olympic Games________open，the whole world cheered.‎ A．declared B．have been declared C．have declared D．were declared ‎【解析】　考查时态和语态。the moment引导的时间状语从句中，主语the 28th Olympic Games与谓语是被动关系，所以首先可排除A、C两项。而B项是现在完成时，不符合题干的时态要求。‎ ‎【答案】　D accompany vt.‎ ‎(1)陪伴 Strong winds accompanied heavy rain.狂风夹着暴雨。‎ I must ask you to accompany me to the police station.‎ 我必须要求你陪我去一趟警察局。‎ ‎(2)为……伴奏 Her mother accompanied her on the piano.‎ 她母亲为她钢琴伴奏。‎ The wellknown singer was accompanied at the piano by Mr Wang.‎ 王先生为那位著名的歌唱家担任钢琴伴奏。‎ company n．陪伴；交往；公司；商号 keep sb.company陪伴某人 companion n．同伴，伙伴 If you go out for a walk，I will keep you company.‎ 你要是出去散步，我来陪伴你。‎ I had a good companion while traveling.旅行期间我有个好同伴。‎ ‎4．Tomorrow the mayor is to________a group of Canadian businessmen on a tour of the city.‎ A．connect B．accompany C．accomplish D．associate ‎【解析】　从“a tour of the city”“the mayor”和“Canadian businessmen”可确定答案为accompany陪伴，陪同。connect联系；accomplish完成；associate联合。句意为：明天市长将陪同加拿大实业家游览本市。‎ ‎【答案】　B ‎5．It is said that dogs will keep you________for as long as you want when you are feeling lonely.‎ A．safety B．company C．house D．friend ‎【解析】　句意为：据说当你感到孤独的时候，狗会长时间陪伴你。根据时间状语“when you are feeling lonely”可知，需要陪伴。构成keep sb.company使……有人/物陪伴。而其他三项不合题意。‎ ‎【答案】　B envy ‎(1)vt.妒忌；羡慕 envy sb.(for) sth.妒忌或羡慕某人某事 I have always envied your good luck.‎ 我总是羡慕你的好运气。‎ She was goodlooking and rich，so all the girls envied her.‎ 她长得漂亮，家庭又富有，所以女孩子们都妒忌她。‎ ‎(2)n.妒忌；羡慕；妒忌的对象；羡慕的目标 Her many talents were the envy of all her friends.‎ 她多才多艺，所有的朋友都很羡慕她。‎ ‎6．How I ________him the pleasure he had during the vacation!‎ A．envy B．admire C．appreciate D．enjoy ‎【解析】　句意为：我多么忌妒他在假期间的快乐。admire“羡慕”后接for；appreciate欣赏；enjoy喜欢。‎ ‎【答案】　A leave...alone不管，别惹；让……一个人待着 The child doesn’t want to be left alone at home.‎ 这个孩子不想被一个人留在家里。‎ Go away and leave me alone！走开，别打扰我！‎ I’ve told you to leave my things alone.‎ 我已经告诉过你不要动我的东西。‎ leave behind比……取得好得多的进展；把……‎ 抛在后面；超过 leave aside搁置一边 leave for...动身到……‎ leave off停止 leave out省略；遗漏 It was careless of him to leave out an important detail.‎ 他真粗心，漏掉了一个重要细节。‎ Don’t leave me behind.不要把我忘了。‎ ‎7．It’s unnatural for a mother to leave her child________to enjoy herself.‎ A．alone B．lonely C．lone D．loneliness ‎【解析】　leave...alone表示“丢下……不管”，是一个固定短语。‎ ‎【答案】　A set aside将……放在一边；为……节省或保留(钱或时间)‎ He sets aside a little money each week.‎ 他每周都留出一些钱备用。‎ I set aside my overcoat and took out my summer clothes.‎ 我把大衣放起来，拿出了夏天的衣服。‎ set about doing着手做某事 set down(指车辆或司机)停下来让(乘客)下车；记下；放下 set off出发，动身，启程；使……爆炸 set out出发；摆放；陈述或宣布；开始做某事 set up摆放或竖起某物；使……准备使用 They will set up a new training center.‎ 他们将建立一个新的培训中心。‎ The young teacher set about teaching the students after he got the job at the school.‎ 这位年轻老师在这所学校找到工作后着手准备教学生。 ‎ ‎8．(2008年山东卷)Einstein liked Bose’s paper so much that he________his own work and translated it into German.‎ A．gave off B．turned down C．took over D．set aside ‎【解析】　本题考查动词短语在具体语境中的含义。give off发出；放出(光、热、气体等)；turn down拒绝；调低(声音)；take over接管，接任；set aside置……于一边；留作……用；对某事置之不理。由句意“爱因斯坦如此喜欢Bose的文章以至于把自己的工作搁置一边而把那篇文章译成了德文”可知，应选D。‎ ‎【答案】　D ‎9．People________hobbies which offer enjoyment，knowledge and relaxation.‎ A．bring up B．set up C．pick up D．take up ‎【解析】　考查动词词组辨析。take up开始从事。而bring up养育，提出，呕吐；set up建立，创立，竖立；pick up拾起，学会，好转，皆不合乎语境。‎ ‎【答案】　D It was then that Claire realized that Tony had opened the curtains of the front window.‎ 也就在这时候，克莱尔才意识到托尼早就把前边窗户的窗帘拉开了。‎ 强调句的用法：‎ ‎(1)It was/is＋被强调部分＋that...构成强调句的陈述句形式 It was because of bad weather that the football match must be put off.是因为坏天气，足球赛必须被推迟。(强调的是原因状语)‎ It is Anna who went to Australia last year.‎ 是安娜去年去了澳大利亚。(强调主语)‎ ‎(2)强调句的疑问句形式 强调句变为一般疑问句时，直接将is/was置于句首。简略的答语为：“Yes，it is/was.”或“No，it isn’t/wasn’t.”‎ ‎—Was it you that I saw at the concert last night?‎ 我昨天晚上在音乐会上看到的是你吗？‎ ‎—No，it wasn’t.不是。‎ ‎(3)强调句的特殊疑问句式是：特殊疑问词＋is/was＋被强调部分＋that...‎ Why was it that the football match must be put off?‎ 为什么足球赛必须被推迟？‎ ‎(4)强调“not...until”引导的时间状语时，要用“It is/was not until...that...”结构，that后面的句子要用肯定式，且须用陈述句语序。‎ It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I realized she was a famous film star.直到她摘下她的墨镜，我才认出她是一位著名的电影明星。‎ ‎10．(2008年重庆卷)It was not until midnight________they reached the camp site.‎ A．that B．when C．while D．as ‎【解析】　句意为：他们直到半夜才到达宿营地。本句考查强调结构，可以还原为：They didn’t reach the camp site until midnight.强调句的结构为：it is/was＋被强调成分＋that/who＋其他成分。‎ ‎【答案】　A Asimov began having stories published in science fiction magazines in 1939.‎ 在1939年艾西莫夫开始在科幻杂志上发表小说。‎ have sth.done是过去分词作宾语补足语，表示被动的含义，有时也可以用get sth.done 来替换，该结构的意思是“使某事被做”。有时可翻译成“请人做某事”。‎ Something is wrong with my watch.I’ll have it repaired.‎ 我的手表出毛病了，我要让人修一下。‎ I have my hair cut every two months.‎ 我每两个月理一次发。‎ He had his foot hurt while playing football.‎ 他踢足球时把脚踢伤了。‎ The boy had his leg broken because he dropped downstairs.‎ 那个男孩因掉到楼下而摔坏了腿。‎ ‎(1)have sb.do sth.让某人干某事 Have him do it.让他干吧！‎ ‎(2)have sb./sth.doing让某人一直做某事(某事处于某种状态)，用于否定句，have表示“容忍、容许”之意。‎ We won’t have you cheating in the exam.‎ 我们不允许你们在考试时作弊。‎ The boss had the workers working day and night.‎ 老板让工人们日日夜夜不停地工作。‎ ‎11．(2007年安徽卷)—Did Peter fix the computer himself?‎ ‎—He________，because he doesn’t know much about computers.‎ A．has it fixed B．had fixed it C．had it fixed D．fixed it ‎【解析】　have sth.done表示“让别人做某事”，本题表示过去，需用一般过去时态。‎ ‎【答案】　C ‎12．(2009年重庆卷)With the world changing fast，we have something new________with all by ourselves every day.‎ A．deal B．dealt C．to deal D．dealing ‎【解析】　 句意为：随着世界的快速变化，我们每天都有新的问题要独自处理。本题考查的是不定式作定语，have something to do，动词do逻辑上的主语是we，也就是句子的主语。‎ ‎【答案】　C ‎13．—Manager，do you have something________at this moment?‎ ‎—No，thanks.I’ll call you if any.‎ A．to be typed B．to type C．typing D．typed ‎【解析】　句意为：“经理，现在你有什么材料要打印出来吗？”“不，谢谢。如果有的话我会给你打电话的。”根据题意，答案只能在A、B之间选择，A项表示动作由别人执行，B项表示动作由句子的主语you执行，故答案为A。‎ ‎【答案】　A ‎14．(2009年湖南三十校联考)I can’t see my old grandparents________alone in the country，so I’ll have them________with me in the city at present.‎ A．leave；stay B．left；stay C．leaving；to stay D．left；to stay ‎【解析】　考查非谓语动词。第一空为过去分词作补语；第二空构成have sb.do sth.结构，表让某人做某事，该处have是使役动词。‎ ‎【答案】　B ‎15．Please make my excuse at tomorrow’s meeting—I’ve got too much work________.‎ A．to do to come B．doing coming C．to do coming D．doing to come ‎【解析】　考查非谓语动词。have got相当于have，表“有”，have sth.to do表“有某事要做”，其后用to come，与前面的too much work构成too...to结构，表“太……而不能”。‎ ‎【答案】　A Ⅰ.单词拼写 ‎1．I feel much________(同情) for those homeless people on the street.‎ ‎【答案】　sympathy ‎2．They will________(宣告) the results of the election soon.‎ ‎【答案】　declare ‎3．The Prime Minister spends most time dealing with ________(事务) of state.‎ ‎【答案】　affairs ‎4．Finally，after years of unhappy marriage，Lucy got________(离婚)．‎ ‎【答案】　divorced ‎5．Much to his________(满意)，we finished the work ahead of time.‎ ‎【答案】　satisfaction Ⅱ.巧思妙解 ‎1．(2010年长春第一次调研)________she is not so cheerful________she used to be?‎ A．How is it that；as B．Why is it that；what C．Is it why；that D．How it is that；as ‎【解析】　考查强调句的特殊疑问句形式。强调句的特殊疑问句式是：特殊疑问词＋is/was it that＋其他部分？选项B中的what不能和前面的so构成同级比较，因此A项正确。‎ ‎【答案】　A ‎2．—Where did you get to know her?‎ ‎—It was on the farm________we worked.‎ A．that B．there C．which D．where ‎【解析】　本题考查强调句型的省略与定语从句的正确运用。第二句若补充完整则为“It was on the farm where we worked (that I got to know her)”。‎ ‎【答案】　D ‎3．It was only after he had spent several nights experimenting________he decided to write to Dr Williams to find out if he was wasting his time.‎ A．when B．that C．before D．since ‎【解析】　句意为：他是在做了几晚实验后才决定写信给威廉斯博士，想知道自己是否在浪费时间。此句是强调句型。‎ ‎【答案】　B ‎4．(2010年上海春招)It was by making great efforts________she caught up with other students.‎ A．how B．when C．what D．that ‎【解析】　考查强调句型。强调句的结构为“It is/was＋被强调部分＋that＋其他成分”，判断的要点是去掉“It is和that”，剩下的句子结构仍然完整。此处强调的是状语by making great efforts，句中缺that，因此选D项。‎ ‎【答案】　D ‎5．—________you got in touch with Mr Harold?‎ ‎—Through a friend of mine.‎ A．How was it B．How it was C．How was it that D ．How it was that ‎【解析】　根据回答“Through a friend of mine”可知上句问的是方式，强调句型的特殊疑问句句式是“疑问词＋is/was＋it＋that...”，因此答案为C。‎ ‎【答案】　C Ⅲ.情景交际 ‎1．(2009年南昌一模)—How do you find the latest movie by Johnny Depp?‎ ‎—________.I can’t think too highly of it.‎ A．It’s really wonderful ‎ B．It all depends C．No one knows for certain ‎ D．It is not my cup of tea ‎【解析】　考查交际用语。短语can’t...too表示“再……也不为过”。答语的后一句I can’t think too highly of it“我对它评价非常高”表明我非常欣赏Johnny Depp执导的最新的电影，因此空格处应该是赞美之词，故A“真是好极了”当选。It all depends“看情况再说”；No one knows for certain“谁也不敢肯定”；It is not my cup of tea.“这不是我所喜欢的”，显然均不符合语境。‎ ‎【答案】　A ‎2．(2009年南昌一模)—How about going to a concert this weekend?‎ ‎—________？It’s a few months since I enjoyed myself in the last one.‎ A．Why B．Why not C．What for D．What ‎【解析】　考查交际用语。答语的后一句It’s a few months since I enjoyed myself in the last one“我已经好几个月没有享受过音乐会了”表明，空格处的意思是同意对方周末去听音乐会的提议。Why和What for都表示“为什么”，询问原因；What“什么”询问什么内容；Why not“为什么不呢？”相当于“当然可以”，表示同意和接受对方的建议。‎ ‎【答案】　B ‎3．(2009年成都第二次诊断)—I’m afraid that I can’t finish the task as soon as planned.‎ ‎—________.‎ A．Don’t be afraid B．Don’t mention it C．I suppose so D．Take your time ‎【解析】　考查交际用语。A项“别担心/别害怕”；B项“别提了”；C项“我想如此”；D项“别着急”。第一个说话人的意思是：我恐怕不能按计划完成任务。‎ ‎【答案】　D ‎4．(2009年成都第一次诊断)—I can’t imagine Phelps smoking marijuana (大麻烟)．‎ ‎—________.‎ A．Nor am I B．So do I C．Me，too D．Me，neither ‎【解析】　考查交际用语。neither表示“也不”。根据题干中第一句话可知，这里是表示否定的情况。答语的意思是“我也无法想像”。‎ ‎【答案】　D ‎5．(2009年南昌二模)—You must find such long hours very tiring.‎ ‎—________.I enjoyed it.‎ A．After all B．Never mind C．Not in the least D．That’s all right ‎【解析】　考查交际用语。句意为：——你一定觉得这么长的时间很无聊。——一点也不。我很快乐。‎ ‎【答案】　C Ⅳ.语法专练 本单元语法—被动语态 ‎1．(2009年绵阳市第三次诊断)After saying goodbye，the couple moved off and________in the crowd.‎ A．was lost B．were lost C．had lost D．to lose ‎【解析】　考查动词的时态和主谓一致。主语是the couple，谓语动词应用复数形式；空中的时态应与moved off一致，此处应用be lost，表示“消失在人群里”。‎ ‎【答案】　B ‎2．I hope that everything I have told you________by the next lesson.‎ A．have been forgotten B．will have forgotten C．won’t have been forgotten D．haven’t been forgotten ‎【解析】　因为表示“到……为止”的by后面接一个将来时间the next lesson，要求用将来完成时；I have told you是everything的定语从句，也就是“everything被忘记”，而不是“you忘记什么事情”，所以应该用被动语态。最后，根据全句的意思“我希望到下节课时，你们不会已经忘了我给你们讲授的所有知识。”，本句应该用否定句。‎ ‎【答案】　C ‎3．Greater efforts to increase agricultural production must be made if food shortage________avoided.‎ A．is to be B．can be ‎ C．will be D．has been ‎【解析】　句意为：“如果要避免食品短缺，就必须作出更大努力来增加农业产量。”，if条件句应用一般现在时表将来，所以选择A项。‎ ‎【答案】　A ‎4．I’ll take down your name and address in case you________as a witness.‎ A．will need B．will be needed ‎ C．need D．are needed ‎【解析】　take down记下；in case以防；witness目击者，见证人；address住址。句意为：我将记下你的名字和住址，以备你作为一个见证人时用。一般现在时的被动语态。‎ ‎【答案】　D ‎5．(2009年成都第一次诊断)At present Internet addiction________a mental disorder rather than just a bad habit in many countries.‎ A．is considered B．was considered C．considers D．considered ‎【解析】　考查时态和语态。Internet addiction与consider之间存在被动关系，故应用被动语态；再根据前面的时间信息At present可知，此处应用一般现在时。‎ ‎【答案】　A