【英语】2019届高考英语二轮复习阅读理解精选：（4）推理判断七选五2 13页

推理判断+七选五2‎ ‎1、For a single woman，yards are a strange thing. You don’t know whether to buy a lawn mower(割草机）or hire someone to mow it. I did the latter，over many years.‎ There was one exception. In my early 30s，I lived in a cottage near my father，who had a tractor. He lived around the corner on an old country lane, now fully developed. But at the time，it was with ;sweet relief, having just returned from city life，that I drove his borrowed tractor down the lane in the late afternoon，mowed my land，and then drove it back in the evening light，gazing(注视）up at the stars as they came out.‎ Soon the routine became impossible with traffic in the developing area. I needed someone to do my yard work.‎ Vardman was a devoted young boy. He sang at the top of his lungs as he mowed. His work was a joy. But Vardman grew up. After his graduation from high school，which I attended，and his leaving for college，I was without.‎ So here I was with two African men who brought not only knowledge but a deep love of working the land. There was a peace about the work they did. The perfection was noticeable everywhere, with every border in place, the unnecessary brush cleared out. The rhythm in their work, the rhythm of their work—it was poetry to watch.‎ Later I moved to North Carolina. I found myself in another small house with a beautiful but wasted yard. A strange mountain man gave me a wonderful price and began what has become an exercise in grace，gratitude^ and being simple.‎ Over the few years I have lived here，he has slowly, patiently, lovingly turned a long-neglected place into a quiet beauty. Quiet，modest，sincere, he uses only natural products on the lawn and flower beds. After the growing season ends, he collects his final paycheck and disappears into the mountains. A quiet man is teaching me patience and how it brings beauty back.‎ ‎1.What is the second paragraph mainly about?‎ A.The development of traffic in the city.‎ B.The tiredness of mowing down the lanes.‎ C.The poor living areas in the countryside.‎ D.The joy of returning home after mowing.‎ ‎2.How did the writer find Vardman?‎ A.He devoted himself to the job.‎ B.He was glad to be a mower forever.‎ C.He wasted the working time by singing.‎ D.He earned money for his college education.‎ ‎3.Why did the writer mention the poetry in the fifth paragraph?‎ A.To prove the good job of African mowers,‎ B.To show her love for African poems,‎ C.To praise the mowers through writing poems.‎ D.To describe the images of mowers in poems.‎ ‎4.What did the quiet man teach the writer?‎ A.Gratitude is a reward for kindness.‎ B.Money is endless for people to earn.‎ C.Simple life is worth more paycheck.‎ D.Beauty comes from working patiently.‎ ‎2、    According to a new US study,couples who expect their children to look after them in old age should hope they have daughters because daughters are twice as attentive as sons overall.‎ ‎    The research by Angelina Grigoryeva,from Princeton University,found that,while women provide as much care for their elderly parents as they can manage,men do as little as they can get away with and often leave it to female family members.‎ ‎    Her analysis of the family networks of 26,000 old Americans concluded that gender(性别) is one of the most important things that decide whether or not people will actively care for their elderly parents.‎ ‎    In a paper presented at the annual conference of the American Sociological Association in San Francisco,she concludes that simply having a sister makes men likely provide less care.‎ ‎    Using data from the University of Michigan Health and Retirement Study,a study which has been tracking a cross-section of over-50s for the last decade,she calculated that women provide an average of 12.3 hours a month of care for elderly parents while men offer only 5.6 hours.‎ ‎    “Sons reduce their relative care­giving efforts when they have a sister,while daughters increase theirs when they have a brother.”‎ ‎ “This suggests that sons pass on parent care­giving responsibilities to their sisters.”‎ ‎     In the UK,the 2011 Census showed that there are now around 6.5 million people with caring responsibilities,a figure which has risen by a tenth in a decade.‎ ‎     But many are doing so at the risk of their health. The census showed that those who provide 50 hours or more of care a week while trying to hold down a full-time job are three times more likely to be struggling with ill health than their working counterparts who are not carers.‎ ‎1.According to the passage,what’s the most important factor to predict if people will actively care for the elderly? A.Education. B.Gender. C.Career. D.Income. 2.The US study finds that ________. A.having a sister makes men less likely to look after their parents B.sons are twice as likely as daughters to care for parents in old age C.sons and daughters seem to give equal care to their parents D.sons are unwilling to leave care-giving responsibilities to their sisters 3.What does the author stress in the last paragraph? A.People should give up their job to care for the elderly. B.Many care providers work longer hours than others. C.Many care providers have potential health problems. D.People shouldn’t pass on caring responsibilities to others. 4.The author develops the text by ________. A.explaining social networks of careers B.describing people’s experiences C.comparing different gender behavior D.analyzing various researches and data ‎3、New research has found that fears of playground accidents such as falls have led to huge changes in school playgrounds，reflecting a climate of over-policing and rules and regulations.‎ Schools across Australia are changing their play rules to shorten play times (such as lunch and recess breaks)，removing play spaces (such as trees，fixed equipment, tyres) to make room for classroom space，merging facilities to severely reduce play space，and carrying out rules that restrict (限制） creative，diverse and active play (such as running， cartwheels，kicking and throwing balls). Playground activities in many schools have become more policed, organized? structured and adult-directed.‎ Students can lose their confidence in physical activity if there is a growing culture of adult overprotection. Parents are often unaware that restricting childs play could have negative effects on a child’s cognitive(认知的）health (such as mental health impairment) and social development (such as bullying).‎ Students often perceive that overcoming elements of danger is an important aspect of school playground activities. By students taking risks, they enhance engagement，decrease boredom and provide movement opportunities to confidently improve physical activity habits.‎ The introduction of loose parts within a school playground is an appearing student-directed strategy to provide a variety of play options students to ensure playground boredom is prevented. Loose parts materials such as milk crates (装货箱），hay bales (稻草梱）and tyre tubes allow students to develop their, own school playground areas and activities，using low - risk， movable obstacles to creatively engage in an imaginative and diverse range of activities.‎ Playgrounds that are less restrictive can enhance Student engagement with and learning of a range of physical, cognitive and social skills. Reducing this increasing focus on safety rules and restrictions could be vital to ensuring the health, learning and development of our next generation.‎ Wrapping kids in cotton wool does not allow them to develop the essential skills of risk-taking, learning from mistakes, problem-solving and facing challenges and failures. Such trial and error can be basic to facing life's challenges and overcoming them.‎ ‎1.Why are playgrounds changing across Australia?‎ A.To make more play space for students.‎ B.To make students become more creative.‎ C.To teach students the importance of disciplines.‎ D.To protect students from physical dangers.‎ ‎2.According to Paragraph 3, we can infer ______.‎ A.restricted play is a bad thing B.safety is most important on playgrounds C.playgrounds are where kids enjoy freedom D.physical activities may harm a kid’s mental health ‎3.What role do the loose parts in a playground play?‎ A.Ensuring the increasing focus on safety rules.‎ B.Removing boredom by being creative in activities.‎ C.Encouraging students to take more risks.‎ D.Preventing students making playgrounds a mess.‎ ‎4.Which of the following statements may the writer agree to?‎ A.Wrap kids in cotton wool.‎ B.Make regulations on playgrounds.‎ C.Let kids play free on the playgrounds.‎ D.Reduce kids' chances to play on the playgrounds.‎ ‎4、    At school, I was in the top set for maths. My teachers recommended that I study economics and statistics as my A-level subjects, but I had my mind set on a life fulfilled by the arts.‎ ‎    In fact, I was a victim of a gender stereotype made stronger since birth, that men do science and maths and women do arts or languages. Computer science, technology and physics just did not figure in my teenage world view. Nobody popular in my school chose to study those subjects.‎ ‎    Reality struck hard when I began attending job interviews and interviewers would say: “It’s great that you speak foreign languages, but what else do you do?” Nobody asked my friends who had studied science or technology those questions.‎ ‎    A survey recently showed that three of the best-paid jobs for women are in the technology sector. It’s a sector that really can change the world. We must show girls that technology has an effect on every industry out there, from fashion to architecture to journalism. Anybody can learn to code and these days it’s as important as reading and writing. I’ve realized that at university I’d ‎ achieved the wrong kind of literacy. Not being able to code limit your impact on the world far more than an ignorance of great literature.‎ ‎    Now I have a five-year-old daughter. I don’t want her to blindly follow gender roles the way I did. I want her to know the fact that a science or technical degree will not limit her creativity but expand it and broaden her horizons far more than my arts background could. I’m exposing her to Minecraft and apps, which help improve analytical thinking and problem solving skills. I’m hoping that my daughter will discover and accept her potentials in science and want to change the world.‎ ‎1.What does the underlined phrase “gender stereotype” in Paragraph 2 refer to? A.Personal learning style. B.Sex characteristic. C.Conventional sex concept. D.Profession difference. 2.According to the author, which may be the benefit of learning science? A.Increasing job possibility. B.Winning popularity. C.Improving language competence. D.Enriching imagination. 3.How did the author feel for her major choice? A.Satisfied. B.Active. C.Discouraged. D.Regretful. 4.What may be the best title for the text? A.Art or Science, Either is OK B.Good Subjects, Good Future C.Girls, Choose More Wisely D.Catch Chances, Change the World ‎5、根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ Body Language Tricks to Make You Successful ‎    Understanding your body language is necessary in life. Whether you’re a businessman or a grocery clerk. if you deal with people you have to know how to communicate effectively with them. They say up to 93 percent of communication is non-verbal. ①__________Here are some tricks to better understand body language and communicate more effectively.‎ Do the power pose.‎ ‎    ②__________This pose actually has been documented in increasing confidence and leadership qualities. Next time you’re feeling nervous or unsure of yourself before a big meeting, raise up those arms of yours,you’ll be happy.‎ ‎    ③__________‎ ‎    When you do this,you show a great amount of pride and advantage. By keeping it up you’re content with yourself and secure in who you are. Next time you want to display confidence,such as making a speech, telling a story in public,or interviewing for a desired position,keep your head up!‎ Keep your palms up.‎ ‎    When you are communicating with hands, make sure you effectively place the palms up. ④__________This shows that you are open and not hiding anything with whoever you are talking to. You don’t have to have your palms up the entire time,but regularly having them up is a good idea. ⑤__________‎ A. Lift your head up.‎ B. Nodding their head in conversation.‎ C. By doing this, you subconsciously express trust.‎ D. It can be great if you want to distance yourself from someone.‎ E. Therefore,it’s essential that you understand what you re saying beyond just the words.‎ F. It is the extension of your arms in a V-shape over your head as high as possible.‎ G. This technique is incredibly effective in sales, or in trying to convince someone of something.‎ ‎6、根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ Though there is nothing inherently(天性地，固有地）wrong with any kind of emotion, some of them can lead to major amounts of distress when left unchecked. Thankfully，there are a number of mental health techniques you can use and lifestyle changes you can make to control and overcome these negative feelings.‎ ‎①__________ Now that you know what emotion you’re dealing with，think of at least two different ways you can respond. Your emotions control you when you assume there’s only one way to react，but you always have a choice. No matter what the emotion is， there are always at least two alternatives, and you can probably think of more.‎ Express feelings clearly and directly. ②__________ It’s okay to say no to things that make you uncomfortable or that you simply don't have time for. Just say what’s on your mind thoughtfully, but clearly.‎ Consider your viewpoint. Studies have shown that people who are generally optimistic respond better to stress. ③__________ Humans have a bad tendency to focus mainly on the negative things in our experience and let the positives fly right by. Take time to list the small beautiful things about each day.‎ Practice tolerating uncertainty. ④__________ However， it’s important to learn to accept that uncertainty will occur at times in every person's life. An inability to tolerate uncertainty can lead to constant fear or worry i or make you overly reliant on others. It can keep you from taking actions and doing things that you might find rewarding because you're afraid of failure. Gradually practicing accepting uncertainty will help you build up a tolerance for it.‎ Learn to “improve the moment”. One way to avoid getting swept up in an emotional reaction is to challenge your immediate，habitual response to an event or experience. ⑤__________‎ A. Look for the positives.‎ B. Consider your options.‎ C. Breathe slowly and evenly.‎ D. Consciously examine your body's reactions.‎ E. Create a new meaning for your current experience.‎ F. Uncertainty isn’t a pleasant emotion for most people.‎ G. A big part of communication is not “beating around the bush”.‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ 答案以及解析 ‎1答案及解析：‎ 答案：1-4:DAAD 解析：‎ ‎1.D推理判断题。‎ ‎【关键句】But at the time... having just returned from city life... gazing(注视）up at the stars as they came out.(第二段最后一句）‎ 译文：但是那时候，带着甜蜜的放松的心情，我刚刚离开城市生活，傍晚开着父亲借来的拖拉机来到小路割草，然后晚上在月光下开车回家，在路上会抬头看已经出现的星星。‎ ‎【解题思路】根据关键句可推知,第二段主要讲述了作者开拖拉机剪草之后间家时感受到的快乐。故选D。‎ ‎2.A细节理解题。‎ ‎【关键句】 Vardman was a devoted young boy. He sang at the top of his lungs as he mowed. His work was a joy.(第四段第一至二句）‎ 译文：Vardman是一个尽职尽责的年轻男孩，剪草的时候他会声嘶力竭地唱歌。他工作时乐在其中。 ‎ ‎【解题思路】根据关键句可知，这个男孩对待工作尽心尽力。故选A。‎ ‎3.A推理判断题。‎ ‎【解题思路】根据第五段内容可知，这两个非洲工人带着知识和对丁作的热爱来庭院工作。他们的工作做得很圆满，带着一种宁静的气息。作者认为他们的工作像诗歌一样美，即是证明他们工作做得好。 故选A。‎ ‎4.D推理判断题。‎ ‎【解题思路】根据最后一段最后一句“A quiet man is teaching me patience and how it brings beauty back. ”‎ 和最后一段内容可推知，这个来自山区的安静的剪草人让作者明白了美来自于耐心的工作。故选D。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎2答案及解析：‎ 答案：1.B; 2.C; 3.D; 4.B 解析：1.细节理解题:根据第三段中的“gender(性别) is the most important predictor(预示物) of whether or not people will actively care for elderly parents.”可知性别最重要。 2.推理判断题:根据第四段中的“she concludes that simply having a sister makes men statistically likely provide less care. ”可知,家中有姐妹的男士对父母的照顾可能会更少。 3.推理判断题:根据最后一段的主题句“But many are doing so at the risk of their own health.”可知,作者在最后一段中着重指出很多护理提供者有潜在的健康问题。 4.写作手法题。 文章通过分析各种研究及数据得出相关结论 ‎ ‎ ‎3答案及解析：‎ 答案：1-4:DABC 解析：‎ ‎1.D推理判断题。‎ ‎【解题思路】根据第一、二段内容可知，目前，由于担心发生操场事故，学校操场活动发生了巨大的变化。 澳大利亚的学校改变了学生们在操场上的活动形式、空间以及时间等。由此可推知，这样做的目的是确保学生的身体免受伤害。故选D。‎ ‎2.A推理判断题。‎ ‎【解题思路】根据第三段内容可知，如果成人过度保护的文化不断扩展，学生们就会对体育活动失去信心，这对他们的认知、健康和社会发展都右消极影响。由此吋推知，受限制的操场活动是一件坏事。 故选A。‎ ‎3.B推理判断题。‎ ‎【解题思路】根据第五段内容可推知，在操场上引入这种松散的区域，可以让学生们自由选择活动项目，发挥他们的想象力和创造力，避免在体育运动中感到无趣。故选B。‎ ‎4.C推理判断题。‎ ‎【解题思路】根据全文内容可知，‎ 目前学校为了使学生们免受操场事故的伤害而对操场活动采取了一系列限制措施，这不利于学生的发展。由此可推知，作者认为不应该限制孩子们在操场上的活动，应该让他们享有自由活动的权利。故选C。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎4答案及解析：‎ 答案：1.C; 2.A; 3.D; 4.C 解析：1.词义猜测题,由第一段和第二段的描述可知,说的是作者是传统的性别定型观念的受害者。故选C。 2.推理判断题。由第三段作者找工作时面临的困境和第四段首句可推知学习理科符合时代发展趋势、能增加就业机会。故选A。 3.推理判断题。由第二段首句及其中的关键词victim可推知“作者认为自己是传统性别定型观念的受害者”,故选D。 4.主旨大意题,纵观全文,作者现身说法,呼吁人们尤其是女孩子(文章尾段专门谈到自己的女儿)改变观念和思维方式。故C项符合文章主旨,故为最佳标题。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎5答案及解析：‎ 答案：E; F; A; C; G 解析：‎ ‎【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些能够更好地理解肢体语言和更高效地交流的技巧。‎ ‎1. E ‎【解题思路】空格前提到93%的交流都是非语言性的,空格后提到有一些更好地理解肢体语言和更有效地交流的技巧。E项“因此,理解你的言外之意是有必要的”与上下文衔接紧密,符合语境。故选E。‎ ‎2. F ‎【解题思路】根据本段的小标题“ Do the power pose." 和空格后一句可知,F项“这种姿势就是尽可能髙地把你的手臂在你的头上伸展成V字形”与下文衔接紧密,符合语境。故选F。‎ ‎3. A ‎【解题思路】空格处是本段的小标题。根据本段第一句“当你这么做时,你就展示了自己非常自豪且具有优势”和本段内容可知,A项“抬起你的头”概括了本段主旨,符合语境。故选A。‎ ‎4. C ‎【解题思路】空格前提到当你与人交流时,你要确保有效地将手掌心朝上,空格后提到这表明你是坦率的,没有向与你交谈的人隐瞒任何事情。C项“通过这样做,你是在无意识地表达信任”与上下文衔接紧密,符合语境。故选C。‎ ‎5. G ‎【解题思路】根据本段的小标题“ Keep your palms up.”和空格前一句可知,G项“这种技巧在销售或者让某人相信某事方面尤其有效”与上文衔接紧密,符合语境。故选G。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎6答案及解析：‎ 答案：1-5:BGAFE 解析：‎ ‎【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了控制情绪的几种方法。‎ ‎1.B ‎【解题思路】空格处是本段的主旨句。根据空格后一句中的“two different ways you can respond”和本段内容可知，该段主要讲述了要至少有两种选择来应对你的情绪。B项“考虑你的选择”概括了本段主旨， 符合语境。故选B。‎ ‎2.G ‎【解题思路】根据空格后一句“It’s okay to say no to things that make you uncomfortable or that you simply don't have time for. ’’可知，向那些让你不舒服或你没有时间去做的事情说“不”。G项中的“not ‘beating around the bush’”意为“别拐弯抹角”，与其相呼应，符合语境。故选G。‎ ‎3.A ‎【解题思路】空格前提到积极的人能更好地应对压力。由此可知，A项中的“positives”与其相呼应，符合语境。故选A。‎ ‎4.F ‎【解题思路】根据空格前一句“ Practice tolerating uncertainty•”和空格后一句中的 “ However，it’s important to learn to accept that uncertainty will occur”可知，F项“对大多数人来说，不确定不是一种愉快的情绪”承上启下，符合语境。故选F。‎ ‎5.E ‎【解题思路】根据空格前一句中的“habitual response to an event or experience”‎ 和本段第一句可知，要学会改善当下。E项中的“ current experience”与其相呼应，符合语境。故选E。‎ ‎ ‎