高考英语黄冈中学二轮练习资料阅读表达解析 19页

‎2019高考英语黄冈中学二轮练习资料：阅读表达（解析）‎ ‎(一)‎ ‎(2017·天津卷)‎ In college，Spring Break (春假) is usually associated with the beach，parties and sleepless nights，bringing about relaxation，free time and friends. Students who wish to spend their break doing something productive and rewarding，however，may choose to participate in the Alternative Break Program.It places college students in communities both at home and abroad.‎ The Program allows students to take part in various projects dealing with issues such as literacy (识字) ，homelessness and the environment.It includes helping kids with their lessons，raising money for families in need and collecting data for environmental research.‎ The hope is that，by getting themsevles involved in different environments，students will have the opportunity to learn about members of communities and broaden their view.In turn，they will incorporate(融合) their experiences and lessons learned into their own communities.In a word, the Program aims to encourage students to be active citizens and engage themselves in making a difference in society.‎ In the spring of 2006，about 36,000 students in the USA participated in the Alternative Break Program.‎ Samantha Giacobozzi，now director of the Program，has been on five alternative break trips herself，including trips to New Orleans，India and the Dominican Republic.“I was a student who went on alternative break trips and had my life totally transformed by that experience，” she said. “Every year, we meet many students who have attended the Program. You can see changes in their life that are connected with their alternative break experiences.”‎ The Program began in 1991.Today，it has become increasingly popular with college students in the United States.‎ ‎1．Who may choose to participate in the Alternative Break Program？(No more than 10 words)‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎2．What is the aim of the Program？(No more than 15 words)‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎3．What is the meaning of the underlined word“transformed” in Paragraph 5？(1 word)‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎4．What is Samantha's attitude toward the Program？(No more than 10 words)‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎5．If you take part in the Program，which project are you interested in？And why？(No more ‎ than 25 words)‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ 答案：‎ 春假期间，那些希望在假期里做些有益的活动的学生们可以加入the Alternative Break Program这一组织，他们可以帮助孩子们学习，为无家可归的人筹集善款或者为环境的研究收集一些资料等。通过这些活动，学生们可以使自己给社会带来一定的影响。‎ ‎1．Students who wish to do something productive and rewarding.‎ ‎2．It is to encourage students to be active and make a difference in society.‎ ‎3．Changed.‎ ‎4．She thinks highly of the program./She is in favour of the program./She holds a positive attitude toward the program.‎ Or：She thinks it's a great experience of changing one's life.‎ Or：She is thankful/grateful for the program.‎ ‎5．I am interested in helping kids with their lessons because education is important to them.‎ Or ：I want to raise money for families in need because they are poor and need our help.‎ Or ：I am interested in collecting data for environmental research because the environment should be protected.‎ ‎(二)‎ ‎(2017·山东卷)‎ ‎[1] Do you spend over an hour each day texting messages to your friends? Do you frequently ignore work, study, and other activities to check your phone for messages? Are you anxious and restless if you are separated from your mobile phone? Do you hardly ever use your phone to talk any more, and do your thumbs hurt from texting too much?‎ ‎ [2]If ______________________， then it is very possible that you are a textaholic. A textaholic can be defined as someone who is addicted to sending and receiving messages. The main symptoms are a strong desire to text messages, which takes precedence (优先)over everything else, and bad moods, low spirits and a lack of selfconfidence if messages fail to come in. The root of the problem, as with many addictions, is the desire to escape from emotional difficulties such as stress, anxiety and relationship problems. Experts warn that text addiction is likely to become the most common form of addiction in the future, especially among the young. ‎ ‎ [3] So what can you do if you think you may be a textaholic? The key is to get your life back in balance. Make sure you resist the urge to answer every message you receive, and consider leaving your mobile phone behind occasionally when you go out. Most importantly, make a point of spending quality time with friends and family, and make time to relearn the art of facetoface conversation instead of conducting your relationships by means of text messages. Not only will you save time and money, but you may also rediscover the pleasure of true communication.‎ ‎1. How does the author introduce the topic of the text? (no more than 5 words)‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎2. Fill in the blank in Paragraph 2 with proper words. (no more than 8 words)‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎3. What emotional difficulties may be the causes of text addiction? (no more than 5 words)‎ ‎①__________________‎ ‎②__________________‎ ‎③____________________‎ ‎4. What do experts say about text addiction? (no more than 14 words)‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎5. What is the main idea of Paragraph 3? (no more than 8 words)‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ 答案：‎ 本文讲述了爱发短信的人存在的问题以及如何克服这些问题。‎ ‎1．By asking/raising questions.‎ 由第一段可知，作者用一系列的问题，引出了主题。‎ ‎2．you answer“yes”to any of the questions 由下文可知如果来短信你就回，并且发送和接收短信胜过一切，那么你就可能成瘾了。‎ ‎3．①stress　②anxiety　③relationship problems 根据短文第二段可知。‎ ‎4．It may become the most common form of addiction，especially among the young.‎ 根据短文第二段最后一句可知。‎ ‎5．How to get rid of text addiction.‎ 本段主要讲述了如何摆脱发送短信的瘾，可以抵制收短信的激情，可以把手机放在家里，多和朋友、家人相聚进行面对面的对话等。‎ ‎(三)‎ ‎(2017·江西卷)‎ ‎(1)It is now possible to watch live sport on television on any day of the week, and the current amount of reporting will undoubtedly increase further in years to come. This is certainly having an influence on the live sports events themselves, and there are both benefits and shortcomings to this.‎ ‎(2)Why has there been such growth in televised sport? For one thing, with digital broadcasting, there are now many more TV channels than there were even then years ago. Moreover, sport has become an important from of entertainment, appealing to both men and women.‎ ‎(3)What are the benefits of this state of affairs? One obvious advantage to the profession is ‎ the addition of money provided by television companies. Large football clubs benefit financially from TV income and the top players can command very large salaries. Less popular sports also receive money that can be used in training and awarenessraising. What's more, there is a health benefit to some of the population, because through televised sport, more people have become interested in actually playing sport.‎ ‎(4)However, ________ if so much sport is on television. Considering football again, many small clubs have suffered financial losses recently, as they cannot compete with the large ones. There has been a general falling in ticket sales, especially among smaller clubs. Fewer people attend live matches nowadays, preferring to watch from the comfort of their living room. And ticket prices have risen greatly.‎ ‎(5)To sum up, while televised sport has created many opportunities and benefited certain people and clubs very much, it has also been responsible for changing the nature of live sports events for ever.‎ ‎1．What is the main idea of the text? (no more than 8 words)‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎2．Complete the following statement with words from Paragraph 2. (no more than 3 words)‎ There has been a great increase in TV channels in the past few years with the help of ‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎ ________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎3．Point out the advantage of televised sport which does not concern money in Paragraph 3.(no more than 3 words)‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎4．Fill in the blank in Paragraph 4 with proper words. (no more than 6 words)‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎5．What does the word “it” (Line 2, Paragraph 5) probably refer to? (no more than 3 words)‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ 答案：‎ ‎1. Advantages and disadvantages of television sport 文章开篇点题，讲述了从电视上看直播体育节目的好处和坏处。‎ ‎2．digital broadcasting 在广播的帮助下，在过去的几年里电视频道急剧增加。‎ ‎3. A health benefit.‎ 第三段在讲益处时除了提及钱之外，还提到了健康。‎ ‎4. There are/will be some disadvantages 这一段主要讲的是电视直播的坏处。‎ ‎5．televised sport it指代上一句的televised sport。‎ ‎(四)‎ ‎(2017·湖南卷)‎ My First Long Run Two weeks ago, I had a quarrel with my husband. After he had driven off in anger，I realized that I wasn't going to feel any better just sitting there. Feeling abandoned and guilty，I put on my gym shoes to get some fresh air.‎ Our driveway has a slape(斜坡) that is easier just to jog down if you are lazy, taking advantage of gravity. Instead of stopping at the end of the slope. I decided to see if I could just jog to the end of the street. I had tried a few months ago and failed miserably. Since that first attempt I had been jogging regularly and was significantly fitter, but still very lazy. However this time around I managed to reach the stop sign with ease and I figured I would go a little further.‎ After about one kilometer, however, I noticed that my upper body was tense. To make the movement easier I had to relax my body，and tried to take deep breaths of fresh air.‎ I kept giving myself the excuse to stop. No one would be disappointed. No one would even know. But I didn't stop. I wanted to keep going harder, better, faster, stronger. To my great surprise, I ran ‎4.9 km in 31 minutes. When I got back, I had tears in my eyes. I did something I thought I could never do. ‎ It was the first long run of my life. Since then, I have improved my stride (步幅) and time. After every run I feel fitter, happier and motivated to keep progressing. I love the runner's high, I normally jog because I want to look good. I want to run because it makes me feel good.‎ ‎1．Why did the author feet guilty?‎ ‎(No more than 9 words)‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎ 2.What did the author fail to do miserably a few months ago？(No more than 11 words)‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎3．What excuses did the author keep giving herself to stop?‎ ‎(No more than 9 words)‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎4．How is running different from jogging to the author?‎ ‎(No more than 14 words)‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎ 答案：‎ 慢跑可以使人保持体形，长跑可以使人感到心情愉快。作者从自己的慢跑和长跑的经历中感悟人生的真谛。‎ ‎1．She had a quarrel with her husband.‎ ‎2．She failed to jog to the end of the street.‎ ‎3．No one would be disappointed or even know.‎ ‎4．Running makes her feel good while jogging makes her look good.‎ ‎*********************************************************‎ ‎(一)‎ ‎(2017·天津十区县联考一)‎ When my friends went to college in great delight, I restarted my senior high school life. My spirit sank. Surrounded by strange classmates, I felt like I was in a maze and was sorry about myself. There were some complex feelings in my minds. I was frightened, nervous and lonely. ‎ To make matters worse, I recalled my failure again and again, which put more pressure on me than I could bear. As a result, I was always feeling down during class time. ‎ My teacher found me spiritless. One day he asked me to come to his office and told me about his attitude towards life: we might suffer from mistakes, but it's important to learn lessons from them. All the pains and the embarrassing things we experience are part of the process. So keep up your spirit! At last, he added, “If you are optimistic, things you want may happen to you！” ‎ Warmth rushed through my soul. I suddenly found the sun shining again when I stepped out of his office. ‎ With the teacher's help, I eventually got over my depression. From then on, I no longer bowed my head and began smiling to my classmates. I would put up my hand confidently in class and play with my new friends in my spare time. Meanwhile, I was gradually embraced by my classmates. ‎ Now faced with fierce competition, we all study hard because we know that every second counts. Moreover, there is an atmosphere of mutual trust and respect between us. I love my class; I love my classmates!‎ To be frank, I still have a thirst for my dream university, but I'm not afraid of failure because I can profit by it. With parents and teachers' encouragement, I'm quite certain of my success and I'm sure I can fly high.‎ ‎1．Why was the writer in low spirits at the beginning? (No more than 10 words)‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎2．What did the teacher expect the writer to do? (No more than 10 words)‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎3．What is the main idea of Paragraph 5? (No more than 15 words)‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎4．The underlined word “embraced” in Paragraph 5 means ________. (No more than 5 words)‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎5. What will you do if you are faced with failure? (No more than 20 words)‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ 答案：‎ 在高中复读的我曾经整天垂头丧气，但老师告诉我错误是难免的，但要吸取教训，要勇敢乐观地面对失败。在老师的帮助下，我的生活完全变了。‎ ‎1．Because he could not go to college.‎ 文章第一句话说朋友兴高彩烈的去上大学而我却要复读，所以心情不好。‎ ‎2．The teacher expected him to be optimistic.‎ 文章第三段最后提到老师告诉我要振作，乐观。‎ ‎3．With the teacher's help, he eventually got over his depression.‎ 第五段第一句是主题句，以下内容都是围绕它展开的。‎ ‎4．accepted; welcomed 我给同桌笑脸， 和他们交朋友、玩耍，当然会被同学接受，融入到这个群体中。‎ ‎5．I will face failure bravely.Or: I will try to be optimistic.(Open answers.)‎ 应该学习作者，做一个振兴、乐观的人。‎ ‎(二)‎ ‎(2017·江西九校联考)‎ As is known to all, medicine comes in different packages. Some in a tablet can make your headache go away. Others from a tube can prevent your cuts from becoming infected. But can medicine come packaged in chicken eggs?‎ A team of scientists from Scotland say yes. They're engineered special chickens ________ with diseasetreating drugs inside. These drugs are made of molecules (分子)called proteins. Animals make thousands of proteins—they're the main ingredients in skin, hair, milk，and meat. Since animals can make proteins easily，they can also make protein drugs. ‎ Researchers have already made cows, sheep, and goats produce protein drugs in their milk. But chickens are cheaper to take care of, need less room，and grow faster than other animals. A team of researchers changed chickens' DNA—the code that tells cells how to make proteins—so that the birds' cells made two protein drugs. One drug can treat skin cancer，and the other treats a nerved disease.‎ The scientists changed the chickens' DNA so that the birds made these drugs only in their egg ‎ whites. This_protects_the_chickens'_bodies_from_the_drugs'_possible_harmful_effects_and_makes_it_easy_for_scientists_to_collect_the_drugs.‎ These special chickens can pass on their druglaying abilities to their chicks. The scientists need to improve these chickens before they settle in drug companies' labs. The birds don't make enough drugs to treat people yet. But one day it will come into our daily life.‎ 阅读短文，根据各小题的具体要求，简要回答以下问题。‎ ‎1．What can be the best title for the passage? (Please answer within 12 words. )‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎2．Please fill in the blank in the second paragraph with proper words or phrases to complete the sentence. (Please answer within 10 words.)‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎3．Which sentence in the passage is the closest in meaning to the following one?‎ The druglaying abilities can go down to the next generation of these special chickens.‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎4．Why can animals make protein drugs? (Please answer within 10 words. )‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎5．Translate the underlined sentence in the fourth paragraph into Chinese.‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ 答案：‎ ‎1．Chickens Can Lay Eggs Containing Drugs 考查对文章主旨的理解。‎ ‎2．that/which can lay eggs 考查定语从句在具体语境中的应用。‎ ‎3．These special chickens can pass on their druglaying abilities to their chicks.‎ ‎4．Because they can make protein easily.‎ 考查对文章因果关系的理解，因为因果关系是行文逻辑关系中最重要的一种。‎ ‎5．这样会使鸡免于受到药品可能产生的毒副作用的伤害，而且便于科学家们收集药品。‎ 考查考生英译汉的实际能力。‎ ‎(三)‎ ‎ (2017·潍坊二模)‎ ‎[1] A new study by the scientists at Pennsylvania State University, finds that children who take a nap(小睡) when they are 4 and 5 years old, are less likely to be hyperactive (活动过度的) or experience depression (抑郁)．‎ ‎[2] The results of the study showed that kids between the ages of 4 and 5 years, who discontinued to take daytime naps, showed higher levels of hyperactivity, anxiety and depression,‎ ‎ compared to their fellow kids who ________ at this point of their lives.In their research, the researchers were happy to show the importance of taking naps for perfect daytime functioning in young kids.‎ ‎[3]It all depends on every individual case when children are ready not to take naps any more, said an author of die study, Dr.Brian Crosby, doctor of psychology at Pennsylvania State University.Dr.Crosby suggested that parents include a quiet “rest” time in the daily schedule of their children to allow kids to nap if needed.‎ ‎ [4]For the study purposes, the experts gathered data from 62 children between the ages of 4 and 5 years.All the kids were classified as either ones who took naps—7 percent, or the ones who did not take naps—23 percent, based on actigraphy(体动记录仪) data.Actigraphy data for each child who took part in the study, was collected continuously for 7 days to 14 days.Parents and caregivers were asked to provide information on their child's typical weekday and weekend bedtime and rise time, as well as their napping patterns, and also had to complete a behavioral assessment of the child.‎ ‎ [5] Dr.Crosby_hopes_that_the_new_findings_will_encourage_other_researchers_to_study_the_ways_in_which_napping_influences_daytime_performances_in_children.‎ ‎1．What's the result of the new study? (no more than 20 words)‎ ‎_____________________________________________________________________ ‎ ‎2．Fill in the blank in Paragraph 2 with words to complete the sentence. (no more than 5 words)‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎ 3.Which sentence in the text is the closest in meaning to the following one?‎ To the delight of the researchers, they found in the study napping was important for children's wonderful daytime performances.‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎ 4.What suggestion can parents get from Dr. Crosby according to Paragraph 3? (no more than 15 words)‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ 5.Translate the underlined sentence into Chinese.‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ 答案：‎ ‎1. 4or5yearold kids taking naps are less likely to be hyperactivity or experience ‎ depression./Naps can reduce hyperactivity and depression in kids between 4 and 5 years old.‎ ‎2. (still) continued to nap/ took naps/took a nap ‎3. In their research, the researchers were happy to show the importance of taking naps for perfect daytime functioning in young kids.‎ ‎4. They should include a quiet “rest” time in the daily schedule of their children. / They should give their children a rest time every day.‎ ‎5. 克洛斯比博士希望新发现会鼓励其他调查者研究小睡是如何影响孩子们白天的表现的。‎ ‎(四)‎ ‎ (2017·上饶二模)‎ ‎[1]Do you want to work with people or animals or machines or tools? Do you want to work indoors or outdoors，directly serve people in need or serve people behind the scenes? These are the typical questions that a volunteer service agency would ask.‎ ‎ [2]Every year，thousands of people in the west offer volunteer services.Volunteering greatly strengthens the community partly because it helps the old，the young，the weak，the sick，the disabled and the injured overcome difficulties.‎ ‎ [3] Volunteers usually help in many different ways.They may give people advice，offer friendship to the young，drive the elderly to church，warn kids against drugs，work as an assistant in a school or a nursing home，raise funds，plant trees，help out in local libraries and do many other things.‎ ‎ [4]Volunteering can be a few hours a week or a few hours a month，time during the day, evenings or weekends，either part time or full time.Anybody who likes to serve people in need ________.‎ ‎ [5]The art of volunteering can be a process of both giving and receiving.Volunteering allows volunteers to meet new people and make new friends and mix with people from all walks of life.Volunteering is an excellent way to experiment，practice and try out new techniques and skills.It is much more effective to practice a skill than to read about or study it in a classroom.Volunteering is a great way to develop good teamwork skills，discover your individual talents and explore career choices.Being_a_volunteer_takes_individuals on_a_wonderful journey and_helps_them_learn_many_important_things_beyond_their_school_learning.‎ ‎1．Complete the following sentence according to the underlined one in Paragraph 5.(no more than 5 words) ‎ Volunteer services can provide chances for volunteers to ________ people of different backgrounds.‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎2.What does the underlined word “it”in Paragraph 5 refer to？(no more than 3 words) ‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎3.Why does the writer consider volunteering a process of both giving and receiving？(no more than 30 words) ‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎4.Fill in the blank in Paragraph 4 with proper words.(no more than 6 words) ‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎5.What's the title of this passage？(no more than 8 words) ‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ 答案：‎ ‎1. get to know/ make acquaintance with ‎2. a skill ‎3. Because not only can a volunteer offer help to people in need but also he can learn skills and knowledge that benefit him.‎ ‎4. can become a volunteer ‎5. Volunteer Service in the West ‎(五)‎ ‎(2017·天津十二区县联考二)‎ Doctors say anger can be an extremely damaging emotion, unless you learn how to deal with it. They warn that anger can lead to heart disease, stomach problems, headaches, emotional problems and possibly cancer.‎ Anger is a normal emotion that we all feel from time to time. Some people express anger openly in a calm reasonable way. Others burst with anger, and scream and yell. But other people keep their anger inside. They can not or will not express it. This is called repressing anger.‎ For years many doctors thought that repressing anger was more dangerous to a person's health than expressing it. They said that when a person is angry, the brain releases the same hormones (荷尔蒙)．They speed the heart rate, raise blood pressure, or sugar into the blood, etc.In general the person feels excited and ready to act.‎ Some doctors say that both repressing and expressing anger can be dangerous. They believe that those who express anger violently may be more likely to develop heart disease, and they believe that those who keep their anger inside may face a greater danger of high blood pressure.‎ Doctors say the solution is learning how to deal with anger. They say the first step is to admit that you are angry and to recognize the real cause of the anger, then decide if the cause is serious enough to get angry about. If it is, they say, “Do not express your anger while angry. Wait until your anger has cooled down and you are able to express yourself calmly and reasonably.”‎ Doctors say that a good way to deal with anger is to find humor in the situation that has made you angry. They said that laughter is much healthier than anger.‎ ‎1. What's the author's purpose by writing this passage? (No more than 15 words)‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎2. What's the meaning of the underlined word “repressing” in Paragraph 2? (No more than 5 words)‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎3. According to the passage, what are the common ways for people to express their anger? (No more than 20 words)‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎4. Why do doctors say anger is dangerous? (No more than 15 words)‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎5. How can you deal with anger successfully in your daily life? (No more than 20 words)‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ 答案：‎ ‎1. To give people some advice / tips on how to deal with anger.or He wants to tell us anger is dangerous and offers the solutions to anger.‎ ‎2. hiding / preventing/ holding back (或相应动词的不定式形式)‎ ‎3. Some people express anger openly in a calm reasonable way. Others burst with anger, and scream and yell.‎ ‎4. Because it can lead to heart disease, stomach problems, headaches, emotional problems and possibly cancer.‎ ‎5. I will first find the real cause of my anger and then calm down before I express myself reasonably. ‎ ‎(六)‎ ‎(2017·威海三模)‎ ‎ [1]The fact that cigarette smoking is dangerous to your health is hardly new information. Cigarette smoking is the single most preventable cause of disease and early death in the United States. So why do so many teens continue to smoke? There are lots of reasons, you usually start for one reason or another and then it is really hard to quit. ‎ ‎[2]Nicotine acts in the brain where it can help develop feelings of pleasure, and pleasure feels good! It also will work as an appetite suppressant(抑制剂) for many people; other people believe it relieves stress. This may help explain why it is hard ________.‎ ‎ [3]Experimental smoking usually begins the habit. Next comes occasional cigarette smoking at parties, on weekends, with friends or when trying to lose weight. This_is_the_most dangerous _stage,_because_it_usually_leads_to_an_addictive_stage,_when_teens_become regular smokers. People who start smoking before the age of 21 have the hardest time quitting.‎ ‎[4]There is no safe amount of smoking. Every cigarette causes some harm to the body. Once smoke touches the lips, it begins to attack living tissues, and it continues its attack wherever it goes. Cigarette smokers have less ability to carry oxygen to the rest of the body and this is why smokers have less endurance(耐力) when running or participating in sports.‎ ‎[5]Smokers also get wrinkles at an earlier age. The smoke changes the elasticity(弹性) of the skin and fine lines appear around the eyes and mouth. Your clothes and hair will smell from smoke and pretty soon you can no longer smell it. Kissing a smoker is like kissing an ashtray(烟灰缸)．‎ ‎[6]There is no right way to quit smoking, but surely you can do it! ‎ ‎[7]If you are thinking about smoking, the only way to avoid getting addicted to cigarettes is never to start in the first place. ‎ ‎1．What should teens do according to the advice in the article? (no more than 15 words)‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎2．Which sentence in the text is the closest in meaning to the following one?‎ It's already known that smoking is likely to cause illness.‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎3．Fill in the blank in Para 2 with proper words. (no more than 5 words)‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎4．What bad effects does smoking have besides harming health? (no more than 20 words)‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎5．Translate the underlined sentence in Para 3 into Chinese.‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ 答案：‎ ‎1. Teens should either stop or not/never start smoking.‎ ‎(两个要点：stop smoking和 not start smoking。)‎ ‎2. The fact that cigarette smoking is dangerous to your health is hardly new information.‎ ‎3. for smokers to stop / (for people) to stop smoking ‎ ‎(关键词是stop smoking。)‎ ‎4. Smokers also get wrinkles at an earlier age and their clothes and hair get smelly.‎ ‎(两个要点：get wrinkles和get smelly。)‎ ‎5. 因为这个阶段会导致青少年上瘾，从而成为正式烟民，所以这是最危险的时期。‎ 或者：这是最危险的时期，因为它是上瘾的前奏，青少年一旦上瘾，吸烟就成了习惯。‎ ‎(七)‎ ‎(2017·南昌二模)‎ ‎ [1]Canadian culture was heavily influenced by British culture and traditions.Now one can ‎ also notice the influence of American culture.Over the years, lots of people have moved to Canada.There has been a healthy change of Canadian' s ideas that has resulted in the development of certain special features in Canada.The people of Canada have always been proud of their diverse cultural backgrounds.‎ ‎[2]Art: Canada has some of the most wonderful classical works of art.In the year 1930, artists began developing their own personal style.The “Group of Seven” is considered to be the first group of native artists to create their own style.‎ ‎[3]Language and religion: Because of its diverse cultures, Canada has two official languages, English and French.There is ________.A number of people in Canada have confirmed that they have no religious belief, though there are many other groups that follow Protestantism as a religion.‎ ‎[4]Literature: The literature of Canada basically shows the different cultural influences of other countries.Some of the early works were divided according to the region of Canada from which the author came, but there were also authors who gave a humorous touch to serious contents.A number of authors have been awarded for their literature works.‎ ‎[5]Music: Music in Canada has seen many developments in styles along the way.Many Canadian; musicians have earned worldwide fame.From folk music to rock, Canadian music continues to entertain people.In recent years, music from Asia and Africa has found quite a fan following in Canada.‎ ‎1．What is the main idea of the text? (no more than 3 words)‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎2．Fill in the blank in Paragraph 3 with proper words. (no more than 3 words)‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎3．What does the word “their” (Line 4, Para 1) refer to? (no more than 2 words)‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎4．Canadian culture has been influenced by many other countries.List all of them mentioned in the text.‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎5．Complete the following statement with proper words .(no more than 5 words)‎ Recently, music from Asia and Africa has become ________ in Canada.‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ 答案：1. Canadian culture.　2. no official religion　3.Canadians/ Canadian people.　4. British, American, Asian and African cultures.　5. more and more popular ‎(八)‎ ‎(2017·江西省重点中学协作体第三次联考)‎ ‎ [1]Global difference in intelligence is a sensitive topic, long filled with a large number of different opinions. But recent data has indeed shown cognitive (认知的) ability to be higher in ‎ some countries than in others. What's more, IQ scores have risen as nations develop—a phenomenon known as the “Flynn effect”. Many causes have been put forward for both the intelligence difference and the Flynn effect, including education, income, and even nonagricultural labor. Now, a new study from researchers at the University‎ of ‎New Mexico offers another interesting theory: intelligence may be linked to infectiousdisease rates.‎ ‎[2]The brain, say author Christopher Eppig and his colleagues, is the “most costly organ in the human body”. Brainpower consumes almost up to 90 percent of a newborn's energy. It's clear that if something affects energy intake while the brain is growing, the impact could be long and serious. And for vast parts of the globe, the biggest threat to a child's body—and therefore brain—is parasitic (由寄生虫引起的) infection. These illnesses threaten brain development ________. They can directly attack live tissue, which the body must then try every means to replace. They can invade the digestive pipe and block nutritional intake. They can rob the body's cells for their own reproduction. And then there's the energy channeled (输送) to the immune system to fight the infection. ‎ ‎[3]Using data on national “disease burdens” (life years lost due to infectious diseases) and average intelligence scores, the authors found they are closely associated. The countries with the lowest average IQ scores have the highest disease burdens without exception. On the contrary, nations with low disease burdens top the IQ list.‎ ‎[4]If the study holds water, it could be revolutionary for our understanding of the stillconfusing variation in national intelligence scores.‎ ‎1．What is the main idea of the text？(no more than 10 words)‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎2．Complete the following statement with proper words.(no more than 4 words)‎ Those countries that have the ________ are always at the bottom of the IQ list. ‎ ‎3．Fill in the blank in Paragraph 2 with proper words.(no more than 5 words) ‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎4．What can cause intelligence difference？(no more than 8 words) ‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎5．What does the word “they” (Line 3, Paragraph 3) probably refer to？(no more than 8 words)‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ 答案：‎ ‎1．Why do IQ scores vary by nation? / Why do IQ scores vary from nation to nation? / Different IQ between nations may result from infectious diseases.‎ ‎2．highest disease burdens ‎3．in several ways ‎4．Education, income and nonagricultural labor. ‎ ‎5．National disease burdens and average intelligence scores.‎ ‎(九)‎ ‎(2017·江西师大附中三模)‎ In our culture, the sources of what we call a sense of “mastery”—feeling important and worthwhile—and the sources of what we call a sense of “pleasure”—finding life enjoyable—are not always the same. In the past women often were told “You can't have it all.” Sometimes what the speaker really is saying is: “You choose a career, so you can't expect to have closer relationships or a happy family life.” or “You have a wonderful husband and children—what's all this about wanting a career？” But today women need to ________， if they are to feel good about themselves.‎ Our study shows that, for women, wellbeing has two aspects. One is mastery, which includes selfrespect, a sense of control over your life, and low levels of anxiety and depression. Mastery is closely related to the “doing” side of life, to work and activity. Pleasure is the other aspect, and it is made up of happiness, satisfaction and optimism. It is tied more closely to the “feeling” side of life. The two are independent of each other. A woman could be high in mastery and low in pleasure, and vice versa(反之亦然). For example, a woman who has a good job, but whose mother has just died, might be feeling very good about herself and in control of her work life, but the pleasure side could be damaged for a time.‎ The concepts of mastery and pleasure can help us identify the sources of wellbeing for women, and correct past mistakes. In the past, women were encouraged to look only at the feeling side of life as the source of all wellbeing. But we know that both mastery and pleasure are important. And mastery seems to be achieved largely through work. In our study, all the groups of employed women were valued significantly higher in mastery than women who were not employed.‎ A woman's wellbeing is developed when she takes on multiple roles. At least by middle adulthood, the women who were involved in a combination of roles—marriages, motherhood, and employment—were the highest in wellbeing, in spite of warnings about stress and strain.‎ ‎1．What is the best title for the passage? (no more than 10 words)‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎2. Fill in the blank in the first paragraph with proper words. (no more than 10 words)‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎3. What is the main idea of the Second Paragraph? (no more than 8 words)‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎4．What is the difference about women's wellbeing between Today and the Past? (no more than 20 words) ‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎5. What does the underlined word “it” (Line 5, Para 2) refer to? (1 word)‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ 答案：‎ ‎1. Women's wellbeing: pleasure and mastery ‎ Introduction to Women's Wellbeing: Pleasure and Mastery Two Aspects of Women's Wellbeing: Pleasure and Mastery ‎ ‎2. have two aspects of wellbeing/have both mastery and pleasure ‎ ‎3. The finding about wellbeing in our study. / What we find about wellbeing in the study.‎ ‎4. In the past people mainly paid attention to pleasure, but now both pleasure and mastery are important. ‎ ‎5. Pleasure. ‎ ‎(十)‎ ‎(2017·宝坻一模)‎ We have two daughters: Kristen is seven years old and Kelly is four.Last Sunday evening, we invited some people home for dinner.I dressed them nicely for the party, and told them that their job was to join Mommy in answering the door when the bell rang.‎ Mommy would introduce them to the guests, and they would take the guests' coats upstairs and put them on the bed in the second bedroom.‎ The guests arrived.I introduced my two daughters to each of them.The adults were nice and kind and said how lucky we were to have such good kids.‎ Each of the guests made a particular fuss (关爱) over Kelly, the younger one, admiring her dress, her hair and her smile.They said she was a great girl to be carrying coats upstairs at her age.‎ I thought to myself that we adults usually make_a_big_“to_do”_over the younger one because she's the one who seemly more easily hurt.We do it with the best of intentions.‎ But we seldom think of how it might affect the other child.I was a little worried that Kristen would feel she was being outshined (逊色，相形见绌)．I was about to serve dinner when I realized that she had been missing for twenty minutes.I ran upstairs and found her in the bedroom, crying.‎ I said, “What are you doing, my dear？”‎ She turned to me with a sad expression and said, “Mommy, why don't people like me the way they like my sister? Is it because I'm not pretty? Is that why they don't say nice things about me as much？”‎ I tried to explain to her, kissing and hugging her to make her feel better.‎ Now, whenever I visit a friend's home, I make it a point to speak to the elder child first.‎ ‎1．What were Kristen and Kelly asked to do last Sunday evening？(No more than 20 words.)‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎2．Why did the guests praise Kelly so much rather than Kristen? (No more than 15 words.)‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎3．The underlined expression “make a big ‘to do’ over” in Paragraph 4 means ________.(No more than 5 words.)‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎4．Why did Kristen feel sad and cry？(No more than 15 words.)‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎5．In your opinion, how should adults treat children? (No more than 15 words.)‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ 答案：‎ ‎1. They were asked to answer the door, take the guests' coats upstairs and put them on the bed.‎ ‎2. Because the guests thought Kelly was younger and seemed more easily hurt. ‎ ‎3. Show much concern about.‎ ‎4. Because the guests praised her sister far more than her. ‎ Or: Because she had got much less praise from the guests than her sister.‎ Or: Because she didn't get as much praise from the guests as her sister. ‎ Or: Because she didn't know why people didn't like her as much as her sister. ‎ ‎5. Adults should treat the younger children and the elder equally. ‎ Or: Adults should pay equal attention to both the younger children and the elder.‎ ‎(十一)‎ ‎(2017·吉安三模)‎ Why does night fall but never break and day break but never fall?‎ Why are people who ride motorcycles called bikers and people who ride bikes called cyclists?‎ In what other language do people drive in a parkway and park in a driveway?‎ In what other language do they call the third hand on the clock the second hand?‎ Let's face it: English is a crazy language.There is no egg in an eggplant, neither pine nor apple in a pineapple and no ham in a hamburger.Sweet－meats are candy, while sweetbreads, which aren't sweet, are meat.‎ We take English for granted.But when we explore its paradoxes (矛盾), we find that quicksand can work slowly, boxing rings are square, public bathrooms have no baths in them.‎ And why is it that a writer writes, but fingers don't fing, grocers don't groce, and hammers don't ham? If the plural of tooth is teeth, shouldn't the plural of booth be beeth? One goose, two geese—so one moose, two meese?‎ How can a slim chance and a fat chance be the same, while a wise man and a wise guy are opposites? How can overlook and oversee be opposites, while quite a lot and quite a few are alike? How can the weather be hot as hell one day and cold as hell the next?‎ English was invented by people, not computers, and it reflects the creativity of human beings.That's why, when stars are out，________； but when the lights are out, they are invisible.And why, when I wind up my watch, I start it; but when I wind up this essay, I end it.‎ ‎1．What's the main idea of the passage ? (no more than 8 words)‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎2．Complete the following statement with proper words.( no more than 5 words)‎ When someone says you will have a fat chance to win the game, it means that there will______________________ for you to beat your opponent.‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎3．Please fill in the blank in the last paragraph with proper words or phrases to complete the sentence.(no more than 4 words)‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎4．What can we probably realize if we explore the paradoxes of English？( no more than 10 words)‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎5．What does the underlined word “them” probably refer to? (no more than 3 words)‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ 答案：‎ ‎1. English is a crazy language.‎ ‎2. be a slim chance ‎3. they are visible ‎ ‎4. We shouldn't take English for granted.‎ ‎5. Public bathrooms. ‎