2019届高考英语复习热点题型专练：（11）语法填空（一） 7页

语法填空（一）‎ ‎(一)‎ ‎(2017届江西高考原创押题卷一)‎ Zhangjiajie is already home to the world's longest and tallest glass bridge, but now architects have gone much 1.________ (far)．‎ Two worldfamous architects, who won a design 2.________ (compete), have designed a transparent footbridge.It 3.________ (expect) that it will cost over ￡4 million 4.________ (build)．‎ The bridge will be made up of two layers, so there are some options for nervous visitors.The upper level that connects the two rock faces is in 5.________ shape of a disk and doesn't have a seethrough floor.A winding black stone path leads fearless explorers from one peak to the other.Surrounding the path 6.________ (be) a layer of water two centimetres thick, which is sprayed onto the path every seven minutes 7.________ special equipment creating a temporary cloud and mist.‎ However, the lower level is where things start to get really 8.________ (frighten)．The floor is 100 percent glass, 9.________ (allow) brave visitors to look at the valley below.As well as walking across the hairraising bridge you can also sleep in one of the three pavilions (阁楼), all of 10.________ offer incredible views.‎ 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了继张家界风景区修建了世界上最长最高的玻璃栈道之后，两位建筑学家将新建一座两层桥，底层100%用透明玻璃建造。‎ ‎1．further　much修饰比较级，farther指“距离上更远”，further除了指距离上的远，还可以指程度上的深入，即“更进一步”，故填further。‎ ‎2．competition　冠词a修饰单数名词。a design competition 一个设计比赛。‎ ‎3．is expected　固定句型It is expected that...表示“预计……”。‎ ‎4．to build　根据结构判断用不定式。‎ ‎5．the　in the shape of 以……的形式(形状)。‎ ‎6．is　考查主谓一致。倒装结构中主语是a layer of water，故谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。‎ ‎7．by　考查介词。此处表示被动句中动作的发出者，故填by。‎ ‎8．frightening　系动词后面接形容词做表语。frightening吓人的。‎ ‎9．allowing　现在分词短语做状语。‎ ‎10．which　考查定语从句。关系代词指代pavilions，且放在介词后，故填which。‎ ‎(二)‎ ‎ (2016·浙江名校优化卷)‎ My name is Wil Wheaton－and I am a nerd(怪人)．It's awesome to be 1 nerd.When I was a little boy，people really teased me about that and 2 (make) me feel like there was something wrong with me for loving strange things.Now that I'm an adult，I'm a 3 (profession) nerd，and the world has changed.I think we 4 (realize) that being a nerd is not about what you love 5 about how you love.‎ So there's going to be a thing in your life that you love.I don't know what it's going to be.It might be sports or science or reading or 6 (tell) stories—it doesn't matter what it is.Some of us love Game of Thrones，while others love Star Wars.But we all love those things so much that we travel 7 (thousand) of miles－which is 8 (probable) easy for you，but we're still using fossil fuels，so it's difficult－to be around people who love the things that we love the way that we love them.That's 9 being a nerd is awesome.‎ I want you to work hard because everything worth 10 (do) is hard.I want you to be awesome，and I will do my very best to leave you a planet that you can still live on.‎ 本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。一个人不要在意别人对你的看法，你该关注的是做你想做并认为是值得做的事情。‎ ‎1．a　[考查冠词。nerd是可数名词的单数形式，此处是泛指，所以应用不定冠词a。]‎ ‎2．made　[考查动词的时态。根据上下文语境可判断出，空格处和teased是两个并列的谓语动词，应用一般过去时。故填made。]‎ ‎3．professional　[考查词性转换。修饰名词nerd应用profession的形容词形式作nerd的定语。故填professional。]‎ ‎4．have realized　[考查动词的时态。句意：“我”认为我们已经认识到，作为怪人不在于你爱什么而在于你怎样去爱。此处应用现在完成时。故填have realized。]资*源%库 ‎5．but　[考查连词。not...but...是固定短语，连接两个并列结构，意为“不是……而是……”，本句中连接about引导的介宾结构。故填but。]‎ ‎6．telling　[考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，空格处与其前的reading为并列关系，故此处应用动名词结构作表语。故填telling。]‎ ‎7．thousands　[考查名词的复数。根据后面的of可判断出，此处应用thousand的复数形式。thousands of是固定短语，意为“成千上万的”。故填thousands。]‎ ‎8．probably　[考查词性转换。分析句子结构可知，空格处修饰形容词easy，应用probable的副词形式。故填probably。]‎ ‎9．why　[考查连词。本句是一个总结性的话语，表示上文所述是作为怪人是件很了不起的事的原因。此处应用why引导表语从句。故填why。]‎ ‎10．doing　[考查非谓语动词。(be)worth doing是固定结构，意为“值得做”。故填doing。]WWW.ziyuanku.com ‎ (三)‎ When leaving school，I was pleased that my exam results meant that I could study engineering at university.But I also wanted to travel before 1 (start) my ‎ course.A friend of mine told me about the Schools Exploring Society，an 2 (organize) which helps students take a gap year (a year between leaving school and going to college)．It has three foreign 3 (journey) a year，taking 1620yearolds on science and nature trips.I love being outdoors，and a mountaineering trip to Alaska was on offer.So I signed up(报名) 4 (immediate)．‎ There was one problem，though.I had to raise a huge amount of money 5 the trip.It was a big task，but I managed to make 6 ．I washed cars，worked in a cafe and also 7 (sell) off some of my old books，clothes and CDs.Then as I was about to start out，I started worrying.Can I do this? Am I fit enough?‎ Seventy of us travelled to Alaska.The first two days after our 8 (arrive) were spent in a school hall preparing our equipment and five tons of food.Then we left for the beautiful Talkeetna Mountain.On the trip we dug paths and recognized plant species.Then we climbed a mountain 9 was over 6，000 feet high.It was tiring but exciting.资*源%库 Looking back，a gap year was so right for me.I learned a lot about accepting other people for what they are.We had to help each other and it made me less selfish.My gap year has also made me 10 (much) able to concentrate than before.Now，whenever I'm worried about anything，I think I did Alaska－I can do this.‎ 本文是一篇记叙文。作者回忆了自己在间隔年进行的一次探险，包括前期的准备工作以及探险过程，还有这次经历给自己带来的收获。‎ ‎1．starting　[考查非谓语动词。介词before后应跟动名词作宾语。故填starting。]‎ ‎2．organization　[考查词性转换。根据不定冠词an可知，此处应填organize的名词形式organization。]‎ ‎3．journeys　[考查名词。根据空格前的数词“three”可知，此处应用名词的复数形式。故填journeys。]‎ ‎4．immediately　[考查词性转换。此处应用副词immediately修饰谓语动词“signed up”。]‎ ‎5．for　[考查介词。“我”必须为这次旅行筹集一大笔钱。for表示目的，意为“为了”，符合语境。]‎ ‎6．it　[考查固定搭配。根据语境可知，虽然筹钱的任务艰巨，但“我”还是设法完成了。make it是固定用法，意为“获得成功”，符合语境。]‎ ‎7．sold　[考查动词的时态。根据“and”可知，此处应是三个并列的谓语动词washed，worked和sold，均表示过去的动作。故填sold。]‎ ‎8．arrival　[考查词性转换。根据空格前的“our”可知，此处应用arrive的名词形式arrival，意为“到达”。]‎ ‎9．that/which　[考查定语从句。空格处引导定语从句，指代先行词“a mountain”，指物，在从句中作主语。故填关系代词that/which。]‎ ‎10．more　[考查副词的比较级。根据“than”可知，此处应用much的比较级more修饰形容词able。]‎ ‎(四)‎ ‎(2017年武汉市高三四月调研测试)‎ Sending gifts varies greatly from country to country.In Australia, Canada, the United States 1.________ European countries, sending gifts is rarely expected.While seen as a nice gesture, it is more important to avoid 2.________ (give) highly personal gifts such as clothing.When visiting the home of a colleague from one of these 3.________ (country), it is normally appropriate to bring a gift to the hostess.‎ In America, 4.________ (expense) gifts are definitely out.A good 5.________ (choose) is to take the deserving person to dinner, or to 6.________ entertainment or a sporting event.7.________ the contrary, gift giving is a traditional custom in Japan.In Japan the proper gift is thought 8.________ (express) the giver's true friendship, gratitude and respect far 9.________ (well) than words can.So if you plan to visit Japan or to have any Japanese visit you here, be prepared.‎ Australia is known for its friendliness and informality.So modest gifts, such as a diary, a paperweight, or a coffee cup might 10.________ (present) to a friend.At a trade show, Tshirts, ties, baseball caps, or a pin may be appropriate souvenirs.Anything more than these types of gifts could cause embarrassment.‎ 本文是一篇说明性的文章，比较了不同的国家对于送礼的不同做法。‎ ‎1．and　并列连词。Australia, Canada, the United States和European countries为并列关系。‎ ‎2．giving　avoid后接动词ing形式做宾语。‎ ‎3．countries　有these修饰，用名词的复数形式。‎ ‎4．expensive　修饰名词gifts用形容词。‎ ‎5．choice　做主语用名词词性。‎ ‎6．an　entertainment指“娱乐活动”，是可数名词，为元音音素开头，要用冠词an。‎ ‎7．On　on the contrary相反。‎ ‎8．to express　be thought to do sth.被认为要做某事。‎ ‎9．better　后面有than，要用比较级。‎ ‎10．be presented　情态动词might后接动词原形。present在这里指“赠送”，而礼物只能“被”赠送，要用被动语态。‎ ‎(五)‎ ‎(2016·浙江省新高考名校信息卷)‎ If you read a newspaper or listen to a newscast (news report) recently，you may hear or read a strange word，“staycation”．Staycation is 1 new word the American press (newspapers，radio，and television) is using 2 (describe) a vacation very close to your own home，or 3 (simple) staying at home during your vacation.It is a combination of the words “stay” and “vacation”．‎ According to many news reports，these staycations are very popular among American families this year.Why? The high price of gasoline for cars and airplanes has made it very expensive for Americans to travel 4 (compare) to past years.When you combine this with the weak American dollar，it all adds up 5 people deciding to stay close to home during their traditional summer vacations.Of course，some places are 6 (attract) to “stay at home” than others.And if you live in a very small town，well，you may just want to skip your vacation and save your time up to next year!WWW.ziyuanku.com Everything is expensive nowadays，and let's face 7 －a vacation just may not be in your plan this year.You don't have to give up family fun just 8 you can't get away; instead，follow my tips for an economical staycation filled with old favorites and new adventures! Staycations 9 (achieve) high popularity in current hard economic times in which 10 (employ) levels and gas prices are high.‎ 本文是一篇说明文。随着社会的发展，一个新词“staycation”受到了人们的欢迎。‎ ‎1．a　[考查冠词。“staycation”是名词，此处表泛指。故填a。]‎ ‎2．to describe/describing　[考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，该句是省略关系词that或which的定语从句，修饰先行词“word”，先行词在定语从句中作“using”的宾语。空格处作目的状语，用动词不定式to describe；也可作伴随状语，用现在分词describing。故填to describe/describing。]‎ ‎3．simply　[考查副词。修饰动词短语stay at home 用副词。故填simply。]‎ ‎4．compared　[考查非谓语动词。compare是及物动词，固定搭配compare...with/to意为“与……相比”，用于非谓语动词时，后面没有宾语就用被动形式。故填compared。]‎ ‎5．to　[考查介词。add up to为固定短语，意为“总计，促使”。故填to。]‎ ‎6．more attractive ‎　[考查形容词的比较级。“are”后面用形容词attractive作表语，结合后面的关键词“than”可知，此处用比较级。故填more attractive。]‎ ‎7．it　[考查代词。句意：现在，所有的东西都很贵，让我们面对它——一个假期可能不在你今年的计划中。因此用it指代破折号后面的整句话。故填it。]‎ ‎8．because　[考查连词。句意：你没必要因为你走不开而放弃家庭的快乐。故填because。]‎ ‎9．have achieved　[考查动词的时态。句意：在现在经济困难时期，staycations已经取得了很高的人气指数，受到人们的欢迎。根据句意可知，achieve的动作对现在产生了一定的影响，故用现在完成时表示。故填have achieved。]‎ ‎10．unemployment　[考查名词。此处指在现在经济困难时期，失业率和油价都很高。根据句意可知，空格处需用“失业”的意思。故填unemployment。]‎ ‎(六)‎ ‎(2017年泉州高三高考适应性模拟)‎ A feast of Greek pleasures It's a joy to surrender to the Greek way of living.Greece's welcoming people, mouthwatering food and drink and joyful music and folk dances make 1.________ easy to immerse yourself into the easygoing lifestyle.‎ When in Greece, I eat 2.________ the Greeks do.Every morning, I head to a tavern and order a selection, which never gets old for me.My 3.________ (favour) stop is the Karayiannis Ouzo Bar, a memorable setting for a drink and snack.‎ When celebrating special events, 4.________ (especial) at weddings and baptisms, Greeks love to dance.Popular 5.________ (dance) include the “kalamatianos” circle dance and the “syrtaki”， done with arms outstretched or 6.________ (throw) across one another's shoulders.‎ Music is not only for special events—it's part of everyday life.Wander through any town on a weekend evening and there's a chance you'll come 7.________musicians sitting around playing 8.________ (tradition) folk music on their bouzouki.‎ Greeks tend 9.________ (show) hospitality with drinks—often ouzo.You don't drink ouzo straight; you add ice or water, which 10.________ (turn) the ouzo from clear to milky white.The last time I had it, I had a hard time holding my camera steady.‎ 本文是一篇记叙文，介绍了作者到希腊旅游的见闻与感受：领略希腊人的休闲生活方式，享受希腊的娱乐大餐。‎ ‎1．it　此处 it 为形式宾语，真正的宾语为后面的不定式“to immerse yourself into the...”。‎ ‎2．as　此处as做连词，引导一个方式状语从句，表示“正如”。类似用法：When in Rome, do as the Romans do.(入乡随俗)。‎ ‎3．favourite　此处应使用形容词 favourite 修饰其后面的名词 stop (驻足之地)。 ‎ ‎4．especially　此处考查副词修饰介词短语(at weddings and baptisms)的语法现象。 ‎ ‎5．dances　此处dances是复数形式，由后面的“include the ‘kalamatianos’ circle dance and the ‘syrtaki’”可推出。‎ ‎6．thrown　考查with的复合结构，由arms可以推出它与该动词的逻辑关系为被动，故此处为 with＋sth.＋过去分词。‎ ‎7．across　come across意为“偶然遇见，巧遇”。 ‎ ‎8．traditional　此处应使用形容词修饰其后面的名词 folk music。 ‎ ‎9．to show　tend to do sth.意为“趋向做某事，倾向于做某事”，为固定搭配。 ‎ ‎10．turns　此处使用 turns 是因为前面 which 引导的定语从句所修饰的先行词 ice or water 是不可数名词，所以相应的谓语动词也要用第三人称单数形式。‎