四川省成都市2021届高三上学期摸底测试英语试题 Word版含解析 28页

- 1 - 成都市 2018 级高中毕业班摸底测试 英语试题 本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分。第 I 卷（选择题）1 至 8 页，第 II 卷（非选择题）9 至 10 页，共 10 页，满分 150 分，考试时间 120 分钟。 注意事项： 1.答题前，务必将自己的姓名、考籍号填写在答题卡规定的位置上。 2.答选择题时，必须使用 2B 铅笔将答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦 擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。 3.答非选择题时，必须使用 0.5 毫米黑色笔迹的签字笔，将答案书写在答题卡规定的位置上。 4.所有题目必须在答题卡上作答，在试题卷上答题无效。 5.考试结束后，只将答题卡交回。 第 I 卷（100 分） 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂 到答题卡上。 第一节（共 5小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分） 听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A.B.C 三个选项中选出最佳选项， 并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一 小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. Who is the man teaching? A. Kids. B. Teenagers. C. Adults. 2. How does the man feel? A. Annoyed. B. Relaxed. C. Excited. 3. Who is making a phone call? A Darren. B. Carol. C. Susan. 4. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. The sports. B. The seasons. C. Feelings. 5. What's the possible relationship between the speakers? A. Employer and employee. B. Colleagues. C. Interviewer and interviewee. - 2 - 第二节（共 15 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分） 听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中 选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题， 每小题 5 秒钟。听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第 6 段材料，回答第 6 至 7题。 6. Why is the woman calling? A. To confirm the booking. B. To change the time. C. To book a table. 7. What time does the woman choose at last? A.7:30 pm. B.8:00 pm. C.9:00 pm. 听第 7 段材料，回答第 8 至 9题。 8. What did the man do in Thailand? A. Take photos. B. Give lessons. C. Experience local customs. 9. Why can't the woman recognize the man? A. The photo isn't clear. B. He stands in the back. C. He wears a light color shirt. 听第 8 段材料，回答第 10 至 12 题。 10. Where does this conversation probably take place? A. At an apartment. B. At school. C. At a housing agency. 11. What kind of room does the man need? A. Cheap and close to school. B. Comfortable and big. C. Big and close to school. 12. How long has the woman been looking for an apartment? A. One week. B. Two weeks. C. Twenty days. 听第 9 段材料，回答第 13 至 16 题。 13. What chapters does the woman have to read? A.17 and 20. B.17, 19 and 20. C.17, 18, 19 and 20. 14. What is the deadline for the homework? A. This Wednesday. B. This Thursday. C. This Friday. - 3 - 15. From where will the man get the practice test? A. Online links. B. Email. C. Ms. Henderson's office. 16. What does the woman ask the man to do at the end of the conversation? A. Do the practice test B. Send an email in time C. Hand in a certificate. 听第 10 段材料，回答第 17 至 20 题。 17. When does the speaker think the high five hand gesture date back to? A. The 1920s. B.1977. C. 1978. 18. Why did husband and wife shake hands in the 17th century? A. To express thankfulness. B. To show equality. C. To convey agreement. 19. In what way has shaking hands changed nowadays? A. Its uses have expanded. B. Its gesture has changed. C. Its original meaning has been lost. 20. What’s the purpose of the speaker? A. To introduce the history of different gestures. B. To give tips on how to choose proper gestures. C. To compare the differences of different gestures. 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分 40 分） 第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将 该项涂黑。 A Whatever you want to do to help people in need the United Nations may have the ideal job for you. Competition for most positions in the UN is fierce, but with preparation and a little luck, you may land your dream job with the UN. * Research career options (选择) at the UN. First of all, visit the United Nations website to get a feel for the different types of work at the UN. Which areas interest you most? Are there areas you are already - 4 - qualified for? Are there areas you would like to work in but for which you still need qualifications? * Decide what staff category you want to pursue. UN careers are divided into different staff categories, each of which requires a specific educational background and area of expertise. The categories are further broken down into jobs at different levels. Considering your skills, interest and experience, decide which category and level is proper for you. * Make sure you have the required education and experience. Each career option has specific education and experience requirements. Here are some requirements for many positions at the UN: Fluency in English or French, the working languages of the UN. It's essential. Fluency in additional languages, particularly Arabic, Chinese, Spanish, or Russian, is helpful for most positions. A bachelor's degree or higher. Most positions in the UN require at least a bachelor's degree. Many specialist positions require advanced degrees in specialty. Work experience in a related field. Depending on the position for which you are applying, you might need anywhere from 1-7 years of work experience. 1. What should you do first before starting job application? A. Decide what staff category you want to pursue. B. Get the required education and work experience. C. Learn about choices on the United Nations website. D. Decide which type of work of the UN interests you most. 2. What is extremely important for positions in the UN? A. Years of work experience. B. A doctor's degree. C. Fluency in the working languages. D. A good knowledge of culture. 3. What's the purpose of the text? A. To give tips on applying for jobs in the UN. B. To explain the process of applying for jobs in the UN. C. To cl for more people to apply for positions in the UN. D. To introduce what jobs in the UN are open to application. - 5 - 【答案】1. C 2. C 3. A 【解析】 这是一篇说明文。文章向读者提供了申请联合国工作的一些建议。 【1 题详解】 细节理解题。由第二段中的“First of all, visit the United Nations website to get a feel for the different types of work at the UN.”（首先，访问联合国网站，了解联合 国不同类型的工作。），可知在开始申请工作之前，应该先在联合国网站上了解（工作）选择。 故选 C 项。 【2 题详解】 细节理解题。由第五段“Fluency in English or French, the working languages of the UN. It's essential. Fluency in additional languages, particularly Arabic, Chinese, Spanish, or Russian, is helpful for most positions.”（精通联合国工作语言英语或法 语。这很重要。精通其他语言，尤其是阿拉伯语、汉语、西班牙语或俄语，对大多数职位都 有帮助。），可知工作语言流利对联合国的职位极为重要。故选 C 项。 【3 题详解】 推理判断题。由第一段尾句“Competition for most positions in the UN is fierce, but with preparation and a little luck, you may land your dream job with the UN.”（联 合国大多数职位的竞争是激烈的，但只要做好准备，再加上一点运气，你就可以在联合国找 到你理想的工作。），和打星号的小标题“* Research career options (选择) at the UN.” （*研究联合国的职业选择。），“* Decide what staff category you want to pursue.”（* 决定你想从事什么工作种类。），“* Make sure you have the required education and experience.”（*确保你有必要的教育和经验。），由此判断出本文的目的是向读者提供了申 请联合国工作的一些建议。故选 A 项。 B I' m a seven year old girl but I understand that it is this fact, more than any other, that makes my family different: We don't go to school. Dad worries that the government will force us to go but it can't because it doesn't know about us. Four of my parents' seven children don't have birth certificates. We have no medical records because we were born at home and have never seen a doctor or nurse. We have no school records because we've never set foot in a classroom. When - 6 - I'm 9, I will be issued a Delayed Certificate of Birth, but at this moment, according to the state of Idaho and the federal government, I do not exist. Of course, I did exist. I had grown up watching for the sun to darken, for the moon to drip as if with blood. I spent my summers bottling peaches and my winters rotating supplies. I had been educated in the rhythms of the mountain, rhythms in which change was never fundamental, only cyclical. The same sun appeared each morning, swept over the valley and dropped behind the peak. The snows that fell in winter always melted in the spring. Our lives were a cycle—the cycle of the day, the cycle of the seasons—circles of lasting change that, when complete, meant nothing had changed at all. I believed my family was a part of this immortal pattern, and that we were, in some sense, eternal(永恒的). But eternity belonged only to the mountain. All my father's stories were about our mountain, our valley. He never told me what to do if I left the mountain, if I crossed oceans and continents and found myself in a strange land. He never told me how I'd know when it was time to come home. 4. Why don't the kids in the writer's family go to school? A. There are no schools nearby. B. They have delayed birth certificates. C. The government doesn't know their existence. D. Their father doesn't want them to go to school. 5. What does the underlined word “cyclical” in Paragraph 4 mean? A. Normal. B. Irregular. C. Circular. D. Traditional 6. What does the writer try to express mainly in the last paragraph? A. She wasn't prepared for her future life. B. Her father loved the mountain and valley. C. She enjoyed listening to her father’s stories. D. Her father didn't want her to leave the family. 7. Where is this text most probably taken from? A. An interview. B. An autobiography. - 7 - C. A play script. D. A news report. 【答案】4. D 5. C 6. A 7. B 【解析】 这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者的家庭与众不同，虽然孩子们不上学，但他们体验着不一 样的教育。 【4 题详解】 细节理解题。由第二段中的“Dad worries that the government will force us to go but it can't because it doesn't know about us.”（爸爸担心政府会强迫我们去，但政府不 能，因为政府不了解我们。）可知作者家的孩子不去上学是因为他们的父亲不想让他们上学。 故选 D 项。 【5 题详解】 词义猜测题。由第四段中的“I had been educated in the rhythms of the mountain, rhythms in which change was never fundamental, only cyclical. The same sun appeared each morning, swept over the valley and dropped behind the peak. The snows that fell in winter always melted in the spring. Our lives were a cycle—the cycle of the day, the cycle of the seasons—circles of lasting change that, when complete, meant nothing had changed at all.”（我在高山的节奏中受教育，在这种节奏 中，变化从来不是根本的，只是循环性的。每天早晨同样的太阳出现，掠过山谷，落在山顶 后面。冬天下的雪总是在春天融化。我们的生活是一个循环——一天的循环，四季的循环—— 持续变化的循环，一旦完成，意味着什么都没有改变。）可知每天、四季都是循环的，是一个 圆圈，cyclical 在此处意为“Circular”（圆形的/循环的）。故选 C项。 【6 题详解】 推理判断题。由最后一段“All my father's stories were about our mountain, our valley. He never told me what to do if I left the mountain, if I crossed oceans and continents and found myself in a strange land. He never told me how I'd know when it was time to come home.”（我父亲所有的故事都是关于我们的山，我们的山谷。他从来没有告诉我， 如果我离开了山，如果我跨越海洋和大陆，发现自己在一个陌生的土地上该怎么办。他从来 没告诉我怎么知道什么时候该回家了。）可知作者对于离开了山和家园，作者很茫然，不知道 干什么，可推断出作者没有对将来的生活做好准备。故选 A 项。 【7 题详解】 - 8 - 推理判断题。由第一段“I' m a seven year old girl but I understand that it is this fact, more than any other, that makes my family different: We don't go to school.” （我是一个七岁的女孩，但我明白，正是“我们不上学”这个事实，比其他任何事情都更让 我的家庭与众不同。）和其他段落可知，全文都用“I”（我）的口吻讲述自己的事情，可推 断出这篇文章很可能来自“自传”。故选 B 项。 C When visitors to the Palace Museum feel a need to sit down for a cup of tea or find a bathroom without a long line, they soon will be able to turn to their smart phones for the information they need. This modern day solution comes thanks to an agreement signed on Friday by the museum and Huawei Co., the telecommunication giant, to build a “smart network” using 5G technology. Under the agreement, 5G Wi-Fi signals will cover the Palace Museum, China's royal palace from 1420 to 1911, and the branch museum of the institution under construction in northwestern Beijing. “It’s essential to always stay close to the latest technology to better serve the public,” said Shan Jixiang, former director of the Palace Museum. Shan said there is still much room for improvement in the handling of a huge number of cultural relics (文物)，such as when the priceless painting Along the River During the Qingming Festival is exhibited again in the future. When it was last exhibited in 2015, visitors stood in long lines until 3 am to get a glimpse. The museum ended up preparing instant noodles to serve the hungry visitors. “I don't want that scenario to reoccur," Shan said. “Our operation can be done in a more scientific way. The new system will also make use of the closed--circuits television cameras that are set up all over the Palace Museum to safeguard the museum's precious relics. More than 1.86 million of them are housed at the museum, which recorded nearly 20 million visits from the public last year, topping all museums worldwide. “How can we make sure no single visitor who might have evil ideas threatens these treasures?" Shan said. “After adopting the internet of things, we can instantly detect any motion involving the artifacts to prevent such threats.” The 5G network also will be used to improve remote consultation through webcams, - 9 - which will facilitate conversations with overseas scholars to jointly find the best answers for restoration and preservation issues. 8. What do we know about the Palace Museum? A. Its visitors won't have to queue up for the bathroom. B. It has served as China's royal palace for over 500 years. C. It will cooperate with Huawei to promote its management. D. It will set up advanced television cameras for the purpose of safety. 9. What does the underlined word “scenario” in Paragraph 3 mean? A. Disaster. B. Situation. C. Operation. D. Exhibition. 10. What are the figures in Paragraph 4 intended to show about the Palace Museum? A. It is better than any other museums. B. It has a rich collection of cultural relics. C. It enjoys great popularity all over the world. D. It faces a tough challenge of protecting relics. 11. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. A Feast for Museum Visitors B. A Revolution in Exhibition C. A Protector of Cultural Relics D. A Connection Between Old and New 【答案】8. C 9. B 10. D 11. D 【解析】 这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲了故宫将与华为合作，利用 5G 技术建立一个“智能网络”， 提升其管理水平，更好的保护文物，服务于公众。 【8 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段 This modern day solution comes thanks to an agreement signed on Friday by the museum and Huawei Co., the telecommunication giant, to build a “smart network” using 5G technology. Under the agreement, 5G Wi-Fi signals will cover the Palace Museum, China's royal palace from 1420 to 1911, and the branch museum of the institution under construction in northwestern Beijing.（这个现代的解决方案来自于 上周五故宫博物院和电信巨头华为公司签署的一项协议，该协议旨在利用 5G 技术建立一个 “智能网络”。根据协议，5G Wi-Fi 信号将覆盖故宫博物院——1420 年至 1911 年期间的中 - 10 - 国皇家宫殿，以及位于北京西北部正在建设的故宫分馆。）由此可知，故宫将与华为合作，提 升其管理水平。故选 C。 【9 题详解】 词义猜测题。根据第三段 When it was last exhibited in 2015, visitors stood in long lines until 3 am to get a glimpse. The museum ended up preparing instant noodles to serve the hungry visitors.（2015 年它最后一次展出时，游客们排起长队，直到凌晨 3 点才能一 睹它的风采。最后，博物馆为饥饿的游客准备了方便面。）可知这是发生了景区管理不当，游 客过度密集和拥挤的情况。由此可知，划线词所在的句子“I don't want that scenario to reoccur," Shan said.意思是单霁翔说:“我不希望这种情况再次发生。” scenario 意思是 情况，A. Disaster.灾难；B. Situation.情况；C. Operation.操作；D. Exhibition.展览。 故选 B。 【10 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段 More than 1.86 million of them are housed at the museum, which recorded nearly 20 million visits from the public last year, topping all museums worldwide. “How can we make sure no single visitor who might have evil ideas threatens these treasures?" Shan said. “After adopting the internet of things, we can instantly detect any motion involving the artifacts to prevent such threats.”（ 其中超过 186 万件收藏在故宫博物院，去年创下了近 2000 万人次的公众参观记录，位居世界所有博物馆之 首。“我们怎样才能确保不会有任何一个怀有恶意的访客威胁到这些宝藏呢?” 单说。“在 采用互联网技术后，我们可以立即检测到任何涉及文物藏品的动作，以防止此类威胁。”） 可知这里提到了这些数据，是想说明如此多的文物藏品，吸引了众多的参观者，其后隐藏的 有人想破坏、偷窃文物的风险不容小觑。由此推知，第四段的关于故宫博物院的数字是想要 表明它面临着保护文物的艰巨挑战。故选 D。 【11 题详解】 主旨大意题。第二段 This modern day solution comes thanks to an agreement signed on Friday by the museum and Huawei Co., the telecommunication giant, to build a “smart network” using 5G technology.（这个现代的解决方案来自于上周五故宫博物院和电信巨 头华为公司签署的一项协议，该协议旨在利用 5G 技术建立一个“智能网络”。）是全文的主 题句，结合全文内容，可知这篇文章主要讲了故宫将与华为合作，利用 5G 技术建立一个“智 能网络”，提升其管理水平。“故宫”是历史遗产，而“5G 技术”是新兴信息技术，把 5G 技 - 11 - 术应用于故宫管理，是一个“新”与“旧”的结合。D 选项“新旧之间的联系”最能引起读者 兴趣，言简意赅的概括文章主题，最适合作文章题目。故选 D。 D A computer program has been used to predict how people are feeling when they type. In a study participants were asked to type a particular phrase and the program then estimated if they were happy, sad and so on. Surprisingly it was correct 70 per cent of the time, and the findings could lead to smarter artificial intelligence in the future. The study published in the journal Behavior and Information Technology was carried out by researchers at the Islamic University of Technology in Bangladesh, reports Live Science. In the research 25 people ranging from 15 to 40 years old were asked to retype two paragraphs from Alice's Adventures in Wonderland written by Lewis Carroll. They also had to enter their emotional state every 30 minutes while doing their regular activities on the computer. This allowed the program an opportunity to understand how their emotions changed their typing style. Moods tested were joy, fear, anger, sadness, hate, and shame. The result was that the program could identify(识别) a person' s mood correctly 70 per cent of the time. It was most successful in identifying joyfulness with an 87 per cent success ratio, while sadness was the least successful at 60 per cent. The researchers found that the participants were less likely to input (输人) data when they were in a bad mood, which may explain the inexactness of the second result. However, the findings could have great importance for artificial intelligence, and it may allow computers to get along with us in a friendlier manner, “If we could build any system that is intelligent enough to communicate with humans that is, it can identify user emotions and change its behavior accordingly then using machines could be more effective and friendly.” the researchers wrote. 12. Who conducted the study? A. Lewis Carroll. B. Islamic University of Technology. C. Live Science. D. Behavior and Information - 12 - Technology. 13. What were people asked to do during the research? A. Input words and emotional state. B. Change their typing styles. C. Change their feelings frequently. D. Show their natural feelings. 14. Why is the result about sadness not so correct? A. People usually hide their unhappy feelings. B. The program cannot recognize sadness clearly. C. The program cannot calculate the data correctly. D. It's more difficult to collect data when people are sad. 15. What's the importance of the research result? A. It helps people develop smarter machines. B. It helps people speed up their typing speed. C. It will inspire similar studies on people's mood. D. It clearly explains the relationship between mood and typing. 【答案】12. B 13. A 14. D 15. A 【解析】 这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲了据《生活科学》报道，发表在《行为与信息技术》杂志上， 由孟加拉国伊斯兰科技大学的研究人员进行的一项研究表明，一种计算机程序可以用来预测 人们打字时的感受。这项研究结果可以帮助人们开发更智能的机器。 【12 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段 The study published in the journal Behavior and Information Technology was carried out by researchers at the Islamic University of Technology in Bangladesh, reports Live Science.（据《生活科学》报道，这项研究发表在《行为与 信息技术》杂志上，由孟加拉国伊斯兰科技大学的研究人员进行。）由此可知，伊斯兰科技大 学主持了这项研究。故选 B。 【13 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段 In the research 25 people ranging from 15 to 40 years old were asked to retype two paragraphs from Alice's Adventures in Wonderland written by Lewis Carroll. They also had to enter their emotional state every 30 minutes while doing their regular activities on the computer.（在这项研究中，25 名年龄在 15 到 40 岁之间 - 13 - 的人被要求重新键入 Lewis Carroll 写的《爱丽丝梦游仙境》中的两段文字。他们还必须每 隔 30 分钟输入情绪状态，同时在电脑上进行日常活动。）由此可知，在研究过程中，人们被 要求输入文字和情绪状态。故选 A。 【14 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段 The researchers found that the participants were less likely to input (输人) data when they were in a bad mood, which may explain the inexactness of the second result.（研究人员发现，当参与者心情不好时，他们不太可能输入数据，这 可以解释第二个结果的不准确性。）由此可知，关于悲伤的结果不是那么准确是因为当人们悲 伤时，收集数据就比较困难了。故选 D。 【15 题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段 However, the findings could have great importance for artificial intelligence, and it may allow computers to get along with us in a friendlier manner, “If we could build any system that is intelligent enough to communicate with humans that is, it can identify user emotions and change its behavior accordingly then using machines could be more effective and friendly.” the researchers wrote.（然而,这些发现可能对人工智能有重要意义,它可能允许计算机与我们 以更友好的方式相处,“如果我们能建立任何足够聪明的和人类交流的系统,也就是说,它可 以识别用户的情绪,并相应地改变其行为，然后可以更有效和友好的使用机器。”研究人员写 道。）由此推知，研究结果的重要性在于帮助人们开发更智能的机器。故选 A。 第二节（共 5小题；每小题 2分，满分 10 分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。 Tips on Learning a New Language Before Travelling Whenever you travel to a foreign place, it is helpful knowing a bit of the local language.____16____But speaking the local language shows you care and it will help you mix with the locals easily. To learn a language, you do not have to take full time classes. You can follow some of the tips to pick up some basics quickly before that trip. Practise. The more you study the language, the better.____17____Think of it like learning an instrument or training for a marathon. The amount of time you'll need depends on the language you're learning, how often you practice and your learning - 14 - style. ___18___One good way to practise is to use the language you’re learning. And who is better to speak a language with than a native speaker who can train you better and correct your mistakes? Find one on the internet or in real life and strike a conversation with them. There are some free language exchange websites where you can find native speakers to practise with._____19_____ Download a language app. Your app store offers a vast amount of options for language learning. Apps like Google Translate, Duolingo, Bilingual or Hi Native can help you to learn languages quickly._____20_____ But they are not necessarily the best choice if you're short on time and trying to master the basics. They can also help a lot when you're struggling to communicate while on vacation. A. Speak to native speakers. B. Constantly use the language. C. You can also find a private class to attend. D. Trips can help make the process fun and easy. E. Learning a language doesn't happen overnight. F. Those apps can help you learn the language effectively. G. You may not know how to pronounce the words correctly. 【答案】16. G 17. E 18. A 19. C 20. F 【解析】 这是一篇说明文。文章作者针对如何在旅行前，学习一门新语言这个问题，给出了一些建议。 【16 题详解】 上文 Whenever you travel to a foreign place, it is helpful knowing a bit of the local language.说当你到一个外国旅行时，懂一点当地语言是有帮助的。下文 But speaking the local language shows you care and it will help you mix with the locals easily. 但 是会说当地的语言会显示你的关心，也会帮助你轻松地融入当地人。该空承上启下，G选项“你 可能不知道这些单词的正确发音”切题。G 选项中 the words 指代上文中的 a bit of the local language。该选项指出你在旅游时，说当地语言可能存在的一些问题，与下文“说当地语言 的好处”形成转折关系。故选 G。 【17 题详解】 - 15 - 上文 The more you study the language, the better.说对于这门语言，你学得越多越好。 结合该段小标题 Practise，强调了练习的重要。E 选项“学习一门语言不是一蹴而就的”是 上文的原因。下文 Think of it like learning an instrument or training for a marathon. 说把它想象成学习一种乐器或马拉松训练，很好地承接了 E 选项，下文中的 it 指代选项中的 “Learning a language”。故选 E。 【18 题详解】 该设空处为段落小标题。根据本段内容 One good way to practise is to use the language you’re learning. And who is better to speak a language with than a native speaker who can train you better and correct your mistakes? Find one on the internet or in real life and strike a conversation with them. There are some free language exchange websites where you can find native speakers to practise with.（一个练习的好方法是 使用你正在学习的语言。还有什么比一个能更好地训练你，并纠正你的错误的说母语的人交 谈更好的呢?在网上或现实生活中找一个，和他们交谈。有一些免费的语言交换网站，在那里 你可以找到说母语的人来练习。）可知这一段主要讲了和讲母语的人交谈是学习当地语的一个 好方法。所以该段落小标题为“与母语人士交谈”，该段落中多次出现 native speakers，与 A选项中的 native speakers 相呼应。故选 A。 【19 题详解】 上文 There are some free language exchange websites where you can find native speakers to practise with.说有一些免费的语言交换网站，在那里你可以找到说母语的人练习。这里 指出了寻找练习机会的渠道，该空承接上文，指出寻找练习机会的另外一个方法。C选项“你 也可以找一个私人课程来参加”，其中 also 是一个很明显的提示词。故选 C。 【20 题详解】 上文 Apps like Google Translate, Duolingo, Bilingual or Hi Native can help you to learn languages quickly.说像谷歌 Translate, Duolingo, Bilingual 或 Hi Native 这样的应用程 序可以帮助你快速学习语言。这里指出了这些语言学习应用的优点，该空指出另一个优点，F 选项“这些应用程序可以帮助你有效地学习语言”切题，选项中的 Those apps 对应上文中的 Apps。故选 F。 第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分 45 分） 第一节 完形填空（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中选出可以填入空白处的最佳 - 16 - 选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 I was once told that I shouldn't have kids, because it could be born with Asperger's(艾斯伯格综合症)，like me. I answered, “Would you have given the same advice to my _____21_____?” Well,” came the answer, “look at all the ____22____ and pain you’ve had. Surely you wouldn't _____23_____on that a child.” Well, it's ____24____ that living my life has been difficult. I have dealt with my fair share of _____25_____and rejection. In a perfect world, I wouldn't want a child to _____26_____the same problems, But I also had to wonder, “Is life just about ____27____ pain?” Looking back on my life, 1 find that the most painful experiences taught me the most _____28_____lessons. But you never learn what those _____29_____will be until you're on the other side. How can you judge a person's life _____30_____they have had them? When I was _____31_____ , my mother used to tell me a (n)______32______ story. While pregnant(怀孕)，she asked a friend to take a picture of ______33______to show her big belly(肚子). When the picture was developed, there, on the film, in a perfect ring around her belly, was a beautiful pink light. She showed it to a wise friend, who said, “This ____34____will be very special.” You see, with her ______35______, my mother taught me about my own value. She made an abstract (抽象的) concept, my _____36_____ , into something concrete that I could ______37______ a picture. When I was sad or discouraged, I'd pull the ______38______up in my mind's eye, _____39_____myself, “You're special. You’re here to do something that _____40_____ else can do.” It kept me going, giving me reason for hope. 21. A. children B. parents C. doctors D. relatives 22. A. care B. wealth C. dreams D. difficulties 23. A. wish B. believe C. predict D. reject 24. A. painful B. meaningful C. wrong D. true - 17 - 25. A. happiness B. memories C. pain D. duties 26. A. go through B. rely on C. take in D. put aside 27. A. avoiding B. suffering C. causing D. relieving 28. A. interesting B. unbelievable C. difficult D. valuable 29. A. problerns B. experiences C. lessons D. purposes 30. A. when B. before C. after D. until 31. A. angry B. little C. free D. tired 32. A. unusual B. terrible C. imaginary D. strange 33. A. me B. her C. them D. us 34. A. picture B. ring C. child D. light 35. A. friends B. words C. love D. story 36. A. disease B. life C. worth D. childhood 37. A. understand B. confuse C. paint D. appreciate 38. A. concept B. picture C. emotion D. encouragement 39. A. cheating B. proving C. reminding D. improving 40. A. everyone B. anyone C. someone D. no one 【答案】21. B 22. D 23. A 24. D 25. C 26. A 27. A 28. D 29. C 30. B 31. B 32. A 33. B 34. C 35. D 36. C 37. A 38. B 39. C 40. D 【解析】 这是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者患有艾斯伯格综合症，被告知最好不要生孩子，否则孩子也可能 向作者一样患有艾斯伯格综合症，遭受着各种痛苦。作者在想，生活就是为了避免痛苦吗？ 作者最痛苦的经历教会了作者人生最宝贵的课程，并想起母亲在作者未出生之前母亲和自己 的故事，这一切都让作者觉得自己很特别，来到这个世界上就是要去做别人做不到的事情。 【21 题详解】 - 18 - 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我回答说：“你会给我父母同样的建议吗？”A. children 孩子； B. parents 父母；C. doctors 医生；D. relatives 亲戚。根据上文 I was once told that I shouldn't have kids, because it could be born with Asperger's，like me.可知，这是 别人给出作者的建议。所以作者回答说“你会给我父母同样的建议吗？”故选 B 项。 【22 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：看看你经历过的所有困难的事情和痛苦。A. care 关心；B. wealth 财富；C. dreams 梦想；D. difficulties 困难的事情。根据下文 living my life has been difficult 可知，作者经历过所有困难的事情和痛苦。故选 D项。 【23 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：你肯定不会希望有个孩子。A. wish 希望；B. believe 相信；C. predict 预测；D. reject 拒绝。作者患有艾斯伯格综合症且作者经历了所有困难的事情和痛 苦，在别人眼里来看，作者不会希望有个孩子。故选 A 项。 【24 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：嗯，我的生活确实很艰难。A. painful 疼痛的；B. meaningfu 有意义的；C. wrong 错误的；D. true 真的。根据 living my life has been difficult,可 知，作者生活很艰难，这是真的。故选 D 项。 【25 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我已经应付了我遭受的痛苦和拒绝。A. happiness 快乐；B. memories 记忆；C. pain 疼痛；D. duties 职责。根据上文 pain you’ve had 可知，作者已经应付了 自己遭受的痛苦和拒绝。故选 C 项。 【26 题详解】 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：在一个完美的世界里，我不想让一个孩子经历同样的问题。A. go through 经历；B. rely on 依赖；C. take in 吸收；D. put aside 把……放在一边。根 据上文 it could be born with Asperger's(艾斯伯格综合症)，like me.以及 the same problems 可知，作者不想让一个孩子经历同样的问题。故选 A 项。 【27 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但我也在想，“生活就是为了避免痛苦吗？”A. avoiding 避免； B. suffering 遭受；C. causing 促使；D. relieving 减轻。根据 But I also had to wonder 以及上文作者被建议不要生孩子可知，作者在反问生活就是为了避免痛苦吗？故选 A 项。 【28 题详解】 - 19 - 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：回顾我的生活，我发现最痛苦的经历教会了我最宝贵的课程。A. interesting 有趣的；B. unbelievable 难以置信的；C. difficult 困难的；D. valuable 有 价值的，宝贵的。根据 the most painful experiences 可知，最痛苦的经历教会了作者最宝 贵的课程。故选 D 项。 【29 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但你永远不会知道这些课程是什么，除非你站在另一边。A. problems 问题；B. experiences 经历；C. lessons 课；D. purposes 目的。根据前文 lessons.可知， 你永远不会知道这些课程是什么。本句为原词再现。故选 C 项。 【30 题详解】 考查连词词义辨析。句意：在一个人还没有出生之前，你怎么能判断他们的生活呢？A. when 当……时候；B. before 在……之前；C. after 在……之后；D. until 直到……。分析句意 可知，本句为 before 引导的时间状语从句，在一个人还没有出生之前，你怎么能判断他们的 生活呢？故选 B 项。 【31 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我小时候，我妈妈常给我讲一个不寻常的故事。A. angry 愤怒 的；B. little 小的；C. free 自由的；D. tired 疲惫的。根据 my mother used to tell me a (n) _____12_____ story.可知，作者小的时候，妈妈常常给作者讲一个不寻常的故事。 故选 B 项。 【32 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我小时候，我妈妈常给我讲一个不寻常的故事。A. unusual 不 寻常的；B. terrible 可怕的；C. imaginary 想象的；D. strange 陌生的。根据 When the picture was developed, there, on the film, in a perfect ring around her belly, was a beautiful pink light.可知，当照片被冲洗出来时，在底片上，有一束美丽的粉红色的光环绕着她的腹 部，形成一个完美的环。所以这是一个不寻常的故事。故选 A 项。 【33 题详解】 考查代词词义辨析。句意：在怀孕期间，她让一个朋友给她拍了一张照片来展示她的大肚子。 A. me 我；B. her 她；C. them 他们；D. us 我们。根据 show her big belly(肚子)可知，妈 妈让一个朋友给她拍了一张照片来展示她的大肚子。 故选 B项。 【34 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个孩子很特别的。A. picture 图片；B. ring 戒指；C. child - 20 - 孩子；D. light 光。根据 While pregnant(怀孕)可知，妈妈肚子里怀着的是孩子。故选 C 项。 【35 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：你看，通过她的故事，我母亲教会了我自己的价值观。A. friends 朋友；B. words 话语；C. love 爱；D. story 故事。根据上文 story 可知，通过她的故事， 作者母亲教会了作者的价值观。故选 D 项。 【36 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她把一个抽象的概念，我的价值，变成了我能理解的具体的东西。 A. disease 疾病；B. life 生活；C. worth 价值；D. childhood 童年。根据 my own value. 母亲把一个抽象的概念，作者的价值，变成了作者能理解的具体的东西。故选 C 项。 【37 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她把一个抽象的概念，我的价值，变成了我能理解的具体的东西。 A. understand 明白；B. confuse 困惑；C. paint 油漆；D. appreciate 感激。根据 She made an abstract (抽象的) concept, my ____16____ , into something concrete 可知，一个 抽象的概念变成了能理解的具体的东西。故选 A 项。 【38 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我伤心或气馁的时候，我会在脑海中勾起这幅画面，提醒自己： “你很特别。A. concept 概念；B. picture 图片；C. emotion 情感；D. encouragement 鼓 励。根据 in my mind's eye 可知，作者在脑海中勾起这幅画面。故选 B 项。 【39 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我伤心或气馁的时候，我会在脑海中勾起这幅画面，提醒自己： “你很特别， 你来到这个世界上就是为了做别人做不到的事情。”A. cheating 欺骗；B. proving；C. reminding 使想起，提醒；D. improving 提高。根据“You're special. You’re here to do something that ____20____ else can do.”可知，这是作者提醒自己的内容。 故选 C 项。 【40 题详解】 考查代词词义辨析。句意：当我伤心或气馁的时候，我会在脑海中勾起这幅画面，提醒自己： “你很特别， 你来到这个世界上就是为了做别人做不到的事情。A. everyone 每个人；B. anyone 任何人；C. someone 一些人；D. no one 没有人。根据 You're special.可知,作者做 了别人做不到的事情。故选 D 项。 第Ⅱ卷(50 分) - 21 - 注意事项：用 0. 5 毫米黑色笔迹的签字笔将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 第三部分 语言知识运用 第二节 （共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Though most big companies begin as small businesses, not all small business owners are entrepreneurs(企业家). If we look_____41_____ (much) closely at its definition, we can find three common features. Creating. Entrepreneurship generally means offering a new product, applying a new technique or technology, ____42____ (open) a new market, or developing a new form of organization for the purpose of producing a product. Running a business. A business uses resources ___43___ (produce) goods or services. Entrepreneurship means setting up a business to make money. Risk taking. The term risk means that the result can't ____44____ (know). Entrepreneurs, therefore, are always working under _____45_____certain degree of uncertainty. They can't know the results of many of the___46___(decision) that they have to make. Thus many of the steps they take are inspired mainly by their ____47____(confident) in creation and in their understanding of the business environment. Entrepreneurs are people ____48____start companies to develop new or _____49_____ (improve) products. They struggle to meet a need that's not being met, ____50____their goal is to grow the business and finally expand into other markets. 【答案】41. more 42. opening 43. to produce 44. be known 45. a 46. decisions 47. confidence 48. whothat 49. improved 50. and 【解析】 - 22 - 【分析】 这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了企业家的三个共同特征：创造力、经营生意和承担风险。 【41 题详解】 考查副词比较级。句意：如果我们更仔细地看它的定义，我们可以发现三个共同的特点。分 析句子，并结合句意可知，此处表示“更仔细查看”，应使用副词的比较级，故填 more。 【42 题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：企业通常意味着提供一种新产品，采用一种新技术，打开一个新市 场，或者出于生产一种产品的目的而发展一个组织形式。分析句子可知，空处和动词 “offering”、“applying”及“developing”并列，作动词 mean 的宾语，mean doing sth. 意味着做某事，是固定短语，所以使用动名词形式，故填 opening。 【43 题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：生意是使用资源来生产商品或服务。use sth. to do sth.是固定搭 配，意为“使用某物做某事”，所以此处使用动词不定式。故填 to produce。 【44 题详解】 考查被动语态和情态动词用法。句意：风险这个词意味着结果未知。分析句子可知，动词 know 和 the result 之间是被动关系，此处应使用被动语态，情态动词的否定式 can’t 后接动词 原形，故填 be known。 【45 题详解】 考查冠词。句意：因此，企业家总是在一定程度的不确定因素下工作的。a certain degree of 一定程度上，固定短语，故填 a。 【46 题详解】 考查可数名词复数。句意：他们不知道许多他们不得不做的决定的结果。decision 是可数名 词，根据空前的 many 可知，此处应使用复数形式，故填 decisions。 【47 题详解】 考查名词。句意：因此，他们采取的很多措施主要是受到他们的信心的鼓舞，在创造力和对 商业环境的理解方面的信心。根据空前的形容词性物主代词 their 可知，空处应填一个名词， confidence 信心，不可数名词，故填 confidence。 【48 题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：企业家是为了开发新产品或改进产品而创办公司的人。分析句子可知， 空处引导一个定语从句，先行词是 people，关系词在从句中作主语，指人，应使用 who 或者 - 23 - that 引导，故填 whothat。 【49 题详解】 考查非谓语动词。动词 improve 和 products 之间是动宾关系，所以使用过去分词作定语，故 填 improved。 【50 题详解】 考查连词。句意：他们努力满足一个尚未被满足的需求，他们的目标是扩大生意，最终扩展 到其他市场。分析句子可知，“They struggle to meet a need that's not being met”和 “their goal is to grow the business”之间是并列关系，应使用连词 and 连接。故填 and。 【点睛】 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分 35 分） 第一节 短文改错（共 10 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 10 分） 51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有 10 处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及个单词的增加、删除或修改。 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（），并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。 修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意：1.每处错误及修改均仅限一词。 2.只允许修改 10 处，多者（从第 11 处起）不计分。 Due to the outbreak of COVID-19, I was stuck at home for a period of time, lived a life I'd never experienced. At first, 1 hated the virus for causing panic. Besides, I gradually became thankful for that I learned. All people joined together and fight together, from which I understand what a great nation we live in it. I also understand how closely people are connecting. That's because we should help each other out in times of difficult. In addition, we should also take stop and review our relationship with nature. I believe everyone has learned something and the reflection will ensure us a better tomorrow and a bright future. 【答案】1. lived→living 2. Besides→However 3. that→what 4. fight→fought - 24 - 5.去掉 it 6. connecting→connected 7. because→why 8. difficult→difficulty 9. 在 stop 前面加 a 10. bright→brighter 【解析】 【分析】 这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了通过 COVID-19 的爆发，作者明白了自己生活在一个多么伟大的 国家，人们联系多么紧密，我们会拥有一个光明的未来。 【详解】1. 考查现在分词。本句已有谓语 was stuck，且无连词，要用非谓语形式，主语 I 和动词 live 是主谓关系，应用现在分词（doing）表主动，作状语，应用 living。故将 lived 改为 living。 2. 考查连词。本句意为“然而，我渐渐地对我学到的东西心存感激。”与上一句“起初，我 讨厌病毒引起恐慌。”是转折关系，应用 However 表转折，首字母大写。故将 Besides 改为 However。 3. 考查宾语从句引导词。本句意为“然而，我渐渐地对我学到的东西心存感激。”介词 for 后接宾语从句，从句谓语动词 learned 后面缺宾语，意为“……的事物/东西”，应用连接代 词 what。故将 that 改为 what。 4. 考查时态。本文讲述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，而且并列连词 and 前面的谓语动词 joined 也是一般过去时，整句时态保持一致，应用 fought，和 joined 构成并列谓语结构。 故将 fight 改为 fought。 5. 考查定语从句。we live in 是一个省略了 that 的定语从句，先行词是 a great nation， 关系词在从句中作介词 in 的宾语，因此不需要代词 it。故去掉 it。 6. 考查语态。本句意为“我也认识到人们被联系的多么紧密。”从句主语 people 和动词 connect 之间是被动关系，应用被动语态（be done），people 是复数意义，用 are connected。 故将 connecting 改为 connected。 7. 考查固定句型。固定句型 This/That's why +从句，why 引导的表语从句，意为“这是/那 是……的原因”。故将 because 改为 why。 8. 考查名词。本句意为“这就是我们要在困难时期互相帮助的原因。”times of difficult - 25 - 是名词所有格，意为“困难时期”，介词 of 之后，用名词作宾语，此处“困难”是抽象名词， 不加 s，应用名词 difficulty。故将 difficult 改为 difficulty。 9. 考查固定搭配。固定搭配 take a stop（停下）。故在 stop 前面加 a。 10. 考查比较级。本句意为“我相信每个人都学到了一些东西，反思将确保我们有一个更美 好的明天和一个更光明的未来。”此处意为“更光明的”，应用比较级 brighter，和并列连 词 and 前面的比较级 better 在语法结构上保持一致。故将 bright 改为 brighter。 第二节 书面表达（满分 25 分） 52.假定你是李华。你原定下个月去英国参加笔友 Kevin 的高中毕业典礼，现因故无法成行。 请给他发一封电子邮件，内容包括： 1.深表歉意； 2.解释原因； 3.衷心祝福。 注意： 1.词数 100 左右； 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Kevin， ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Kevin， I am awfully sorry to tell you that I can't go to your graduation ceremony. Hearing that you would graduate from high school, I had intended to attend your graduation ceremony. However, my little brother suddenly fell ill and needed to stay in hospital for a week. What’s worse, my parents are so busy that they don’t have time to look after him, so I have to take care of him there. Therefore, I can’t - 26 - meet you in Britain. I hope you won’t be angry with me. As soon as I’m free, I will pay a visit to you. I hope you have a good time at the graduation ceremony and wish you all the best. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【分析】 本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生写一封电子邮件给即将高中毕业的英国笔友 Kevin，告知 他你不能参加他的高中毕业典礼，表达歉意。 【详解】第一步：审题 体裁：应用文 时态：根据提示，时态应为一般现在时和一般将来时 结构：总分法 总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。 要求：1. 深表歉意； 2. 解释原因； 3. 衷心祝福。 第二步:列提纲 （重点词组） graduation ceremony；had intended to do sth.；stay in hospital；look after；take care of；be angry with sb.；pay a visit to sb. 第三步：连词成句 1. Hearing that you would graduate from high school, I had intended to attend your graduation ceremony. 2. my little brother suddenly fell ill and needed to stay in hospital for a week. 3. my parents are so busy that they don’t have time to look after him, so I have to take care of him there. 4. I hope you won’t be angry with me. 5. As soon as I’m free, I will pay a visit to you. (根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。） 第四步：连句成篇（衔接词） - 27 - 1.表文章结构顺序：First of all, Firstly/First, Secondly/Second… And then, Finally, In the end, At last, Last but not least 2.表并列补充关系：What is more, Besides, Moreover, Furthermore, In addition, As well as, not only…but (also), including, also 3.表转折对比关系：However, On the contrary, but, Although + clause (从句), In spite of + n/doing, On the one hand…,On the other hand… Some…,while others…,as for, so…that… 4.表因果关系：Because, As, So, Thus, Therefore, As a result 5 表换一种方式表达：In other words, that is to say, 6.表进行举例说明：For example; For instance; such as + n/doing 7.表陈述事实：In fact, frankly speaking 8.表选择：either…or…，or 连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。 第五步：润色修改 【点睛】范文内容完整，结构严谨，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意 思连贯，符合逻辑关系。作者在范文中使用了主从复合句，如 Hearing that you would graduate from high school 这句话中用了 that 引导的宾语从句；What’s worse, my parents are so busy that they don’t have time to look after him, so I have to take care of him there. sothat 引导的结果状语从句。使用了非常好的短语，如 had intended to do sth.，stay in hospital，take care of，pay a visit to sb.等，为文章增色不少；并注意了句子的衔接， 如 However，What’s worse，Therefore。全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾 驭英语的能力。另外，文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。 - 28 -