河南浚县高考英语一轮复习-阅读理解编练151 9页

只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 1 河南浚县 2017 高考英语阅读理解一轮编练 阅读理解。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C 和 D) 中, 选出最佳选项。 (原创)Taking exams in a large group setting can be stressful for students and for the staff members who are watching over them. When classrooms are crowded and desks are close together, cheating might be tempting. One university in Thailand came up with an anti-cheating hat that makes it almost impossible for students to see other students’ papers. A photo of the students wearing the anti-cheating hats made its way to the Internet, and the university was criticized for making students wear those ridiculous looking homemade hats. The hats were made by stapling pieces of paper onto a headband, one to each side of the head. After being criticized, senior academic staff at Kasetsart University in Bangkok, Thailand, released a statement saying that the hats idea came from students. They said that in a bid to prevent cheating they asked the students for ideas on how to prevent cheating in the upcoming exam, which was being taken by almost one hundred students. Students came up with different ideas, then the paper hat idea was selected by them as the most suitable. The university claimed that no one was forced to use the hat, but they all chose to do so. “When wearing the hat during the exam, students felt more relaxed, ”Nattadon Rungruangkitkrai, a lecturer at the university said. “It was not meant to indicate that Kasetsart students often cheat on exams. I apologize if the photo makes other people look at my students in a negative way, ”Rungruangkitkrai added. 【文章大意】很多人在一起考试对监考老师来说压力不小。近日, 泰国某大学就想出了防作弊帽的点子, 这 样就不用担心学生偷看其他人的试卷了。此举引起了广泛的争议。 1. According to the text, in which case cheating will become easy? A. When desks are crowded into a classroom. B. When too many students are sitting in a classroom. C. When students are too stressful. D. When the staff members who are watching over them are not responsible. 【解析】选 B。细节理解题。根据第二段 When classrooms are crowded and desks are close together, 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 2 cheating might be tempting. 可知本题选 B。 2. Why was the university criticized? A. The university was too strict. B. The university prevented students cheating. C. The university made students wear strange looking hats. D. The students chose to use the hats. 【解析】选 C。细节理解题。由第三段第二句中的 the university was criticized for making students wear those ridiculous looking homemade hats. 可知本题选 C。 3. What can we learn from the last two paragraphs? A. The senior academic staff at the university made the paper hat idea. B. The students felt more stressful when wearing the hat during the exam. C. The students don’t like wearing the hats when taking the exam. D. The students are not forced to wear the hats when taking the exam. 【解析】选 D。推理判断题。根据第四段及第五段的观点可知本题选 D。 4. What’s the best title of the text? A. How to make the anti-cheating hat B. Anti-cheating hat was criticized C. Anti-cheating hat D. Anti-cheating hat was considered the most suitable choice 【解析】选 C。主旨大意题。由全文可知, 文章主要介绍的是反作弊帽, 其他选项都是文章细节。故本题选 C。 【广东省深圳市 2014 高考英语第一次调研考试】 Neil Kerwin became American University’s(AU) 14th president in September 2007. Kerwin joined AU in 1975 and has held numerous department and leadership positions, including head of the School of Public Affairs. In this interview, he speaks about developing leadership among AU students and inspiring them to public service and the lessons he has learned as the president of American University. “The longer I do this kind of work, the clearer it is to me that leadership is a collective 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 3 activity. This happens here at American University hundreds of times every day at every level of the doing and managing hard work to reach those goals. Simply, leadership cannot be the field or responsibility of one person or a small group at the top. At its best, it is up to the organization.” “A president’s role is to make that clear, ensure it happens, and provide space, ideas, encouragement and acknowledgment of accomplishments. Vision(有远见卓识) is important, but one that colleagues have not contributed to or are not widely shared will not serve the purpose. I have also learned delegation(授权) is also important to success and that it is a process of constant adjustment, not a single act. No one is perfect in the work we do, and by recognizing this, you’re developing a healthy culture that supports reform. And, of course, none of this relieves the president of most responsibility for the institution, and the need to be clearly and visibly accountable.” “Another lesson is that crises(危机) assume a life of their own. They are a great time to learn and a bad time to plan. It is when times are good and stable that you need to examine the things that are of the greatest risk to your organization in the long term. As a leader, you must be able to provide the energy and motivation among your employees to ask these difficult questions, because difficult times will come.” 41．According to Neil Kerwin, leadership mainly depends on . A．the president himself B．students in the university C．small group at the top D．the organization itself 42．In the third paragraph, “ it ” means . A．the management B．the leadership C．the responsibility D．the institution 43．What are the important qualities of leadership mentioned in the third paragraph? A．Vision and delegation. B．Adjustment and contribution. 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 4 C．Responsibility and accountability. D．Encouragement and acknowledgment. 44．What does the author mean by saying,“…difficult times will come.”? A．Crises provide us with energy. B．Crises are quite likely to happen. C．Crises are the greatest risks. D．Crises help people make changes. 45．What does the passage mainly tell us about? A．The lessons Neil learned in University. B．The difficulty Neil has in his office. C．Neil’s opinion on leadership. D．Neil’s motivation and organization. D 篇是一篇说明文。Neil Kerwin 作为美国大学的校长在采访中谈到了他对领导力的理解以及他在担任校长 期间所获得的教训。 41. 答案为 D。考查细节理解的能力。根据文章第二段最后一句可知。 42. 答案为 B。考查对代词的指代意义的理解能力。根据上文，第二段可知。 43. 答案为 A。考查细节理解的能力。根据第三段内容理解可知。 44. 答案为 B。考查推理判断能力。读懂文章最后一段可知。 45. 答案为 C。考查文章主旨理解能力。理解文章主旨可知。 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A.B.C 和 D 项中，选出最佳选项。 “Any fool can criticize, condemn, and complain (抱怨) but it takes character and self control to be understanding and forgiving.”— Dale Carnegie If we really want to be happy, why do we act like such babies? We can claim(声称) to be proactive（主动的）in our life by settings goals and going after what we want. But if we’re always whining and complaining all the time, are we really living effectively? 71 Whether it be being stuck in traffic, being bothered by the weather, not enough mustard on your sandwich, or whatever it is, there are endless instances where you can find a reason to 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 5 complain. But it’s not just outside circumstances that we complain about. 72 We complain about about ourselves too. We complain that we don’t have enough time, we don’t have enough money (this one is huge because it’s often “true”), that we’re not smart enough, cool enough, or just enough. 73 I never really thought about it much until I found this website about “living in a complain free world.” Imagine how much happier you would be if you simply stopped complaining? Much of what you complain about is outside of your control anyway. What’s the point of brooding about something you have no power to change? 74 Simply becoming conscious of how much you complain is the first step to stopping. When you recognize that you’re complaining, stop and take notice of it. Ask yourself if you would rather complain, or be happy. 75 A．We complain about ourselves too. B．Not very intelligent, if you ask me. C．Why can’t we complain about things around us? D．Are you ready to live a complaint – free, happier life? E．What you’re complaining about may make you quite unhappy. F．If you don’t believe me, count how many times you complain in one day. G．I’ve experienced lots of unpleasantness for complaining about things I can’t control. 参考答案 71~75 FAGBD。 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 项中，选出最佳选项。 【广东省揭阳市 2014 高考英语一模试题】A When several people look at the same person, it is not unusual for each of them to see different things; when you are alone observing one behavior or a person at two different times, you may see different things. The followings are but some of the factors that lead to these varying perceptions(感知,认识): 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 6 (1) Each person’s perceptions of others are formed by his or her own cultural conditioning, education, and personal experiences. (2) Sometimes perceptions differ because of what we choose to observe and how we deal with what’ve observed. It is not necessarily true that person perception is based on observations of a particular person. Your observations may be totally controlled by what others have told you about this person; or you may focus primarily on the situation or role relationship. Most people do not use the same standard to measure their parents, their friends, and strangers. (3) Sometimes we see only what we want to see or don’t see what may be obvious to others because of our own needs, desires, or temporary emotional states. This is a process known as selective perception. Selective perception is obviously more difficult when contradictory information is particularly obvious, but it can be done. We can ignore the stimulus——“He’s basically a good boy so what I saw was not shoplifting(入店行窃).” We can reduce the importance of the contradictory information ——“All kids get into mischief(顽皮). Taking a book from a bookstore isn’t such a big deal.” We can change the meaning of the contradictory information--- “It wasn’t shoplifting because he was going to pay for it later.”… 26. The first factor given by the author that affects our perception is _____. A. our hearing and visual abilities B. cultural background and personal experiences C. the experience one learns from others D. critical measures taken by other people 27. While observing a particular person,________. A. one is likely to take all aspects into consideration B. one pays more attention to his/her advantages C. children often differ from grown-ups in perception D. one tends to choose certain aspects to look at 28. Observation of the same person by two people at the same time may differ because _____. A. they follow different standards B. either of them may be slow to catch information C. the time for observation is not long enough D. each of them uses different language to express his/her impressions 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 7 29. The underlined word “stimulus” in Paragraph 4 refers to _____. A. something attractive B. selective perception C. contradictory information D. shoplifting 30. The worst thing in selective perception is that ______. A. the information received runs against your desire B. facts can be twisted or totally ignored C. importance of the contradictory information can be overrated (估计过高) D. misbehaved children may not be punished 【参考答案】26-30. BDACB 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A.B.C 和 D 项中，选出最佳选项。 Even before my father left us, my mother had to go back to work to support our family. Once I came out of the kitchen, complaining, “Mom, I can’t peel potatoes. I have only one hand.” Mom never looked up from sewing. “You get yourself into that kitchen and peel those potatoes,” she told me. “And don’t ever use that as an excuse for anything again!” In the second grade, our teacher lined up my class on the playground and had each of us race across the monkey bars, swinging from one high steel rod to the next. When it was my turn, I shook my head. Some kids behind me laughed, and I went home crying. That night I told Mom about it. She hugged me, and I saw her “we’ll see about that” look. The next afternoon, she took me back to school. At the deserted playground, Mom looked carefully at the bars. “Now, pull up with your right arm,” she advised. She stood by as I struggled to lift myself with my right hand until I could hook the bar with my other elbow. Day after day we practiced, and she praised me for every rung I reached. I’ll never forget the next time, crossing the rungs, I looked down at the kids who were standing with their mouths open. One night, after a dance at my new junior high, I lay in bed sobbing. I could hear Mom come into my room. “Mom,” I said, weeping, “none of the boys would dance with me.” For a long time, I didn’t hear anything. Then she said, “Oh, honey, someday you’ll be beating 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 8 those boys off with a bat.” Her voice was faint and cracking. I peeked out from my covers to see tears running down her cheeks. Then I knew how much she suffered on my behalf. She had never let me see her tears. 6. Which of the following expressions can be used most suitably to describe Mom’s attitude when she made the child to peel potatoes? A. Cruel. B. Serious. C. Strict. D. Cold. 7. From the passage, we know monkey bars can help a child train ______. A. the skill to throw and catch things B. the speed of one’s hand movement C. the strength and skill to hang and sway D. the bodily skill to rotate round a bar 8. What does the sentence “I saw her ‘we’ll see about that’ look” imply? A. Mom believed every aim could be achieved if you stuck to it. B. The race across monkey bars was not difficult enough for a child to give up. C. Mom was determined to prove she herself was better than the teacher. D. What the child had said brought Mom great attraction and curiosity. 9. When the child looked down at the kids, they were standing with their mouths open because ______. A. they felt sorry for what they had done before B. they were afraid the author might fall off and get hurt C. they wanted to see what the author would do on the bars D. they were astonished to find the author’s progress 10. The most probable conclusion we can draw after reading the passage is ______. A. the last incident was sad enough to make Mom weep B. the child’s experience reminded Mom of that of her own C. Mom could solve any problem except the one in the last paragraph D. in fact Mom suffered more in the process of the child’s growth 文章讲的是一位母亲是如何帮助自己缺一只手的儿子解决成长中的问题。 6. C。推理判断题。从他妈妈的话 And don’t ever use that as an excuse for anything again 可知他 妈妈对他要求很严，即答案选 C。 7. C。推理判断题。从 had each of us race across the monkey bars, swinging from one high steel rod 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 9 to the next 可知答案 C 正确。 8. A。推理判断题。第二天妈妈带我去学校帮助我练习 monkey bars，可推知妈妈是个很有恒心的人，故答 案选 A。 9. D。推理判断题。从 I’ll never forget the next time, crossing the rungs, I looked down at the kids who were standing with their mouths open 可知同学们对我的表现都很吃惊，即答案选 D。 10. D。推理判断题。从 Then I knew how much she suffered on my behalf. She had never let me see her tears 可知对于我的成长中的痛苦妈妈比我承受得还要多，即答案选 D。