2019届一轮复习人教版必修三Unit4Astronomy：thescienceofthestars单元学案 27页

‎2019届一轮复习人教版必修三Unit 4Astronomy：the science of the stars单元学案 单元基础词汇 ‎1．__invention__ n．发明 ‎2．explore v．__探险；考查__‎ ‎3．spacewalk n．__太空行走__‎ ‎4．__phenomenon__ n．现象 ‎5．__advanced__ adj.高级的； 先进的；领先的 ‎6．a space travel__太空之旅__‎ ‎7．come into existence__开始产生；成立__‎ ‎8．manned spaceship__载人宇宙飞船__‎ ‎9．__launch_a_satellite__发射卫星 ‎10．solar activity__太阳活动__‎ ‎11．__be_proud_of__对……感到自豪 ‎12．__watch_out__ 密切注意；当心；提防 ‎13．come true __实现__‎ ‎14．in the field of science__在科学领域__‎ ‎15．improve the quality of life for humans __为人类提高生活质量__‎ 单元好句 ‎1．__It_is_science_and_technology_that__ makes our life more colorful.‎ 是科学技术使我们的生活更加丰富多彩。‎ ‎2．__It_goes_without_saying_that__ modern technology ‎ brings us convenience and comfort in life.‎ 毫无疑问，现代科技给我们的生活带来方便和舒适。 ‎ ‎3．The development of science and technology __makes_it_possible_for_China_to_realize__ the dream of going into outer space.‎ 科学技术的发展使得中国实现进入外太空的梦想变得可能。‎ 词汇素养 Ⅰ.单词识记 ‎1．__fundamental__adj.基本的；基础的 ‎2．__crash__vi.& vt.碰撞；坠落 ‎3．__system__n.[C]系统；体系；制度 ‎4．__atmosphere__n.[U]大气层；[C]气氛 ‎5．__pull__n.& vt.拉(力)；拖；牵引力 ‎6．__float__vi.& vt.(使)浮动；(使)漂浮　n．漂浮物 ‎7．__harmful__adj.有害的→__harm__n.[U]害处　vt.对……有害 ‎8．__violent__adj.猛烈的；激烈的；强暴的→__violence__n.[C]暴力→__violently__adv.猛烈地；激烈地 ‎9．__puzzle__vt.& vi.(使)迷惑；(使)为难→　n．[C]谜；难题→__puzzling__adj.令人迷惑的→__puzzled__adj.迷惑不解的 ‎10．__unlike__prep.不同；不像→__like__(反义词)prep.像→__dislike__v.& n．不喜欢 ‎11．__exist__vi.存在；生存→__existence__n.[U]存在 ‎12．__globe__n.球体；地球仪→__global__adj.全球性的；全世界的 ‎13．__gentle__adj.温和的；文雅的→__gently__adv.温和地；文雅地；温柔地 ‎14．religion n．__宗教；宗教信仰__‎ ‎15．astronomy n．__天文学__‎ ‎16．theory n．__学说；理论__‎ ‎17．thus adv.__因此；于是__‎ Ⅱ.词汇运用 ‎1．Playing computer games will not only do __harm__ to your physical health, but it is also __harmful__ to your mental health. So there is no __harm__ in advising you to give it up.(harm)‎ ‎2．Last night, we had a discussion, which became more and more __violent__.Finally we reached an agreement that we will never use __violence__ no matter what happens.(violent)‎ ‎3．Do you believe the __existence__(exist) of ghosts? Perhaps they only __exist__ in the minds of some people.(exist)‎ ‎4．We live in a __global__(globe) village, but this doesn't mean that we all behave in the same way.‎ ‎5．There was a __puzzled__ look on the little girl's face because a __puzzling__ problem __puzzled__ her.(puzzle)‎ Ⅲ.单词巧记 ‎1．与“太空”有关的高频单词集锦 ‎①astronomy n．天文学 ‎②astronaut n．宇航员 ‎③gravity n．万有引力 ‎④satellite n．卫星 ‎⑤orbit n．轨道 ‎⑥spaceship n．宇宙飞船 ‎⑦universe n．宇宙 ‎⑧launch vt.发射 ‎2．各种“碰撞”聚焦 ‎①crash v．碰撞；坠落 ‎②bump n．& v．撞；碰撞(声)‎ ‎③collide v．碰撞；相撞 ‎④collision n．撞击；碰撞 ‎⑤run into撞上 ‎⑥knock into撞上 ‎3．un前缀高频形容词全接触 ‎①unlike不像的 ‎②unable不能……的 ‎③unacceptable不能接受的 ‎④unbelievable不可相信的 ‎⑤uncertain不确定的 ‎⑥unclear不清楚的 ‎⑦uncomfortable不舒服的 ‎⑧unfair不公平的 短语速记 Ⅰ.短语默写 ‎1．__in_time__及时；终于　　　　‎ ‎2.__lay_eggs__下蛋 ‎3．__give_birth_to__产生；分娩 ‎ ‎4.__in_one's_turn__轮到某人；接着 ‎5．__prevent...from__阻止；制止 ‎ ‎6.__block_out__挡住(光线)‎ ‎7．__cheer_up__感到高兴；感到振奋 ‎8．__now_that__既然 ‎ ‎9.__break_out__突发；爆发 ‎10．__watch_out_for__密切注意；当心；提防 Ⅱ.短语填空 ‎1．Once he has made up his mind, no one can__prevent__him__from__carrying out the plan.‎ ‎2．You must get there__in_time__even if the weather should change.‎ ‎3．(2017·全国Ⅲ七选五)__Now_that__ you know why you want to wake up, consider rearranging your morning activities.‎ ‎4．I do hope she can__cheer_up__and accept the challenge of life bravely!‎ ‎5．Before the war__broke_out__，many people put away possessions they could not take with them in safe places.‎ ‎6．Mum, you had me do the cleaning yesterday, so today Tom，__in_his_turn__，should do the washing!‎ ‎7．The other day my pet cat__gave_birth_to__a new little ‎ cat.‎ ‎8．To ensure good sleep, she bought a heavy curtain to __block_out__the light.‎ Ⅲ.联想归纳 ‎1．表达“小心；当心”的高频短语荟萃 ‎①watch out(for)小心；当心(……)‎ ‎②look out当心 ‎③take care小心 ‎④be careful小心 ‎2．“阻止/禁止某人做某事”的多种表达 ‎(1)阻止某人做某事 ‎①prevent sb. from doing sth.‎ ‎②stop sb. from doing sth.‎ ‎③keep sb. from doing sth.‎ ‎(2)禁止某人做某事 ‎④prohibit sb. from doing sth.‎ ‎⑤ban sb. from doing sth.‎ ‎⑥forbid sb. from doing sth.‎ 句式悟通 背会原句 知晓考点 我会仿用 ‎1.This produced a chain reaction, which made_it_possible_‎ 句中的it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是不定式短语to develop。‎ ‎1.(2017·全国Ⅲ for_life_to_develop.‎ 这就产生了一系列的反应，使得生命就有可能开始发展了。‎ 阅读)Bradford说城市里的现代大剧院使Plaza这一个小剧院难以与之抗衡。‎ Bradford said that large modern theaters in the city __made_it_impossible_for_the_Plaza_to_compete__.‎ ‎2.I found I was carried twice_as_far_as on the earth and fell over.‎ 我发觉我被送出去很远，步子的跨度竟是在地球上的两倍，因而我摔倒了。‎ ‎“...倍数＋as＋形容词/副词原级＋as...”是倍数表达法之一，意为“……是……的多少倍”。‎ ‎2.我付出的是以前三倍的时间和精力。‎ I devoted __three_times_as_much_time_and_energy_as__ I did before.‎ ‎3.“Oh，dear，” I cried, “walking does need a bit of practice now_that gravity has changed.”‎ ‎“天哪，”我大声说，“‎ now that“既然；由于”，引导原因状语从句，有时that可以省略 ‎3.(2015·全国卷Ⅱ满分作文)既然你对中国传统文化感兴趣，我认为这个节日你值得体验。‎ ‎__Now_that_you_are_interested_in__ traditional Chinese culture, I thought this festival would be a 既然重力改变了，看来走路也的确需要练一练了。”‎ ‎ worthwhile experience for you.‎ 精 研 词 汇 短 语 ‎1．harmful adj.有害的；伤害的 归纳拓展 ‎(1)be harmful to sb.对某人有害 ‎(2)harm n．& vt. 损伤；伤害 do/cause sb.harm(＝do/cause harm to sb.) 对某人有害 do more harm than good 弊大于利 There's (no) harm in (sb.'s ) doing sth.(某人)做某事(没)有害处 mean no harm 没有恶意 ‎(3)harmless adj. 无害的 多维训练 单句语法填空。‎ ‎①As we all know, a bad eating habit is __harmful__(harm) to one's health.‎ ‎②As far I'm concerned, there is no harm __in__ making an apology to him first.‎ ‎③(安徽高考书面表达)These days, breaking traffic rules and littering are not uncommon, causing serious harm __to__ life and the environment.‎ 一句多译。‎ 有些男生对玩电脑游戏简直到了痴迷的程度，这对他们的健康非常有害。‎ ‎④Some boys are too crazy about playing games on the computer, __which_is_very_harmful_to_their_health__.‎ ‎⑤Some boys are too crazy about playing games on the computer, and __it_does_great_harm_to_their_health__.‎ ‎2．exist vi.存在；生存；存活；继续存在 归纳拓展 ‎(1)There exists/existed ...某地有……；存在……‎ exist on (live on) sth.靠某物生存 exist by 靠……方式为生 exist in 存在于……之中 ‎(2)existence n. 存在；生存 come into existence 开始存在；成立 in existence 现存的；现有的 ‎(3)existing adj. 目前的；现存的 名师点津 exist是不及物动词，没有被动语态，也不用于进行时态。‎ 多维训练 完成句子。‎ ‎①As is known to us, __there_exists__ a generation gap between the young and the old.‎ 众所周知，青年人和老年人之间存在着代沟。‎ ‎②You can't imagine what difficulty they have __existing_on__ the money he is earning.‎ 你无法想象他们靠他挣的那点钱维持生活是多么的困难。‎ 单句语法填空。‎ ‎③Scientists have many theories about how the universe first came into __existence__(exist)．‎ ‎④(2016·上海高考)What is the __existing__(exist) problem with standing on the right and walking on the left?‎ ‎⑤Even though he is a little boy, strange ideas always exist __in__ his mind.‎ 高考小作文。‎ ‎⑥(北京高考书面表达)在我们学校自行车的存放地是一个长久以来就存在的问题。‎ The parking place for bikes __was_an_existing_problem_for_a_long_time__ in our school.‎ ‎3．puzzle n．迷；难题　vi & vt.(使)迷惑；(使)为难 归纳拓展 ‎(1)puzzle about/over 苦苦思索；仔细琢磨 puzzle sth.out 琢磨出……的答案；开动脑筋 be puzzled by 被……迷惑 ‎(2)a puzzle to sb.一件让某人感到困惑的事情 be in a puzzle 感到困惑；不知如何是好 ‎(3)puzzling adj.令人迷惑的 puzzled adj.迷惑不解的；困惑的 be puzzled about 对……迷惑不解 多维训练 完成句子。‎ ‎①(牛津高阶)He was trying to __puzzle_out__ why he had been ‎ brought to the house.‎ 他想弄明白自己为何被带到这所房子。‎ ‎②__What_puzzled_the_doctors_most__ was that they could not find the cause of the disease.‎ 使医生最困惑的是他们找不到致病的原因。‎ ‎③I'm __in_a_puzzle__ as to what to do next.‎ 对于下一步该做什么我不知道。‎ ‎④Where the missing plane has gone still remains __a_puzzle_to__ us.‎ 失联飞机去了哪儿对我们来说仍是个谜。‎ ‎⑤The __puzzled__ look on her face suggested she was __puzzling__ over the __puzzling__ maths problem.‎ 她脸上困惑的表情暗示了她正在思考令人困惑的数学问题。‎ ‎4．pull n．& vt.拉(力)；托；牵引力 归纳拓展 pull through 康复；痊愈 pull down 拉下(窗帘等)；拆毁；拆掉(房屋等)‎ pull out 拔出；(列车等)出站；启程 pull in (列车等)驶进；到站；(船)靠岸 pull sb.through (使)渡过危机(难关)‎ pull ...up 把……往上拽；停止 pull over (机动车辆等)停靠(在路边)‎ 多维训练 完成句子。‎ ‎①(2016·全国卷Ⅰ)Larry __pulled_over__，set the brake and ‎ got hold of the fire extinguisher(灭火器)．‎ 拉里停下车，将车设为制动状态并抓起灭火器开始灭火。‎ ‎②(2016·江苏高考)I now regularly___pulled_out__ my phone to check a fact, watch a video, read weibo.‎ 现在我会定期拿出手机核查事实，看录像及读微博。‎ ‎③He __pulled_off__ his coat and joined us in the work.‎ 他脱去上衣，便和我们一起干了起来。‎ ‎④The police car signaled to us to __pull_in__.‎ 警车发出信号，要我们驶向路边停靠。‎ ‎⑤They are __pulling_down__ those houses to make room for a new hotel.‎ 为了给新旅馆腾地，他们正在拆除那些房屋。‎ ‎⑥Everyone was very concerned whether he would __pull_through__ or not.‎ 每个人都很关心他是否能痊愈。‎ ‎5．in time 及时；终于；总有一天 归纳拓展 on time 准时 all the time 一直；始终 at one time 曾经；一度 at a time 每次；逐一 at times 有时；间或 at all times 随时；总是 from time to time 有时；偶尔 in no time 立刻；马上 at no time 绝不 time and time again 一次又一次；一再 take one's time 别着急；慢慢来 kill time消磨时间 名师点津 ‎(1)in time后可接for sth./to do sth.的形式，意为“做某事及时/来得及”。‎ ‎(2)at no time等含否定意义的词组位于句首，句子要部分倒装；in no time意为“立刻，马上”，无否定意义，置于句首，不引起倒装。‎ 多维训练 完成句子。‎ ‎①(2017·全国Ⅲ七选五)Do you want to get up __in_time_to_have_breakfast__ with your family, get in some exercise, or just be better prepared for your day?‎ 你想早早起床以便来得及和你的家人一起吃早饭，进行锻炼，或者为你的一天进行更充分的准备？‎ ‎②If you keep on, you will succeed __in_time__.‎ 如果坚持下去，总有一天你会成功的。‎ ‎③We'll do up your car __in_no_time__ at all.‎ 我们很快就能把你的汽车修好。‎ ‎④If you can't arrive there __on_time__，you should inform them of it in advance.‎ 如果你不能按时到达，应该预先通知他们。‎ ‎⑤(2016·全国卷Ⅲ)__At_one_time__，I even felt my parents ‎ couldn't understand me so I hoped I could be freely from them.‎ 我曾一度感觉父母不理解我，因此我希望能够摆脱他们的束缚。‎ ‎⑥(2016·北京高考)Anxious __all_the_time__，I was unable to keep focused for more than an hour __at_a_time__.‎ 我一直都很焦虑，很难一次集中注意力一个多小时。‎ ‎6．in one's turn 轮到某人；接着 归纳拓展 in turn依次；轮流；逐个；相应地；转而 by turns轮流；依次 take turns doing/to do sth.轮流做……‎ It's one's turn to do sth.轮到某人干某事 It turns/turned out that...结果……‎ 多维训练 完成句子。‎ ‎①All theories are from practice and __in_turn__ serve practice.‎ 所有的理论都来源于实践，并转而为实践服务。‎ ‎②When __it's_in_my_turn__，I am too excited to speak.‎ 当轮到我时，我激动地说不出话来。‎ ‎③I think __it's_my_turn__ to drive the kids to school this week.‎ 我想这周该轮到我开车送孩子们上学了。‎ ‎④The young parents had to __take_turns__ to look after their sick baby.‎ 这对年轻的父母不得不轮流照看他们生病的样子。‎ ‎⑤__It_truned_out_that__ this young man was none other than the old man's son.‎ 结果这位年轻人竟然正是这个老人的儿子。‎ ‎7．cheer up感到高兴；感到振奋 归纳拓展 cheer sb.up 使某人振作起来 cheer sb.on (比赛中)以喝彩声鼓励某人；为某人加油 cheer for...为……而欢呼 Cheers! 口语(用于祝酒)干杯！‎ 多维训练 完成句子。‎ ‎①When I'm feeling sad, my mother tells me funny stories to __cheer__ me __up__.‎ 当我感到忧伤时，我的母亲就给我讲有趣的故事哄我高兴。‎ ‎②(2016·天津高考)Cathy didn't expect any award but was still there to __cheer_on__ her friends and praise their accomplishments.‎ 凯西没有期待任何奖项，但仍然在那里为朋友的成就鼓劲加油。‎ 精 析 句 型 结 构 ‎1．So whether life will continue on the earth for millions of years to come will depend on whether this problem can be solved.‎ 本句中的两个whether分别引导主语从句和宾语从句。‎ 归纳拓展 whether与if引导名词性从句时的区别：‎ ‎(1)whether可以直接与or not连用，if不可以。‎ ‎(2)引导位于句首的主语从句，用whether，不用if。‎ ‎(3)引导表语从句和同位语从句，用whether，不用if。‎ ‎(4)动词不定式之前用whether，不用if。‎ ‎(5)介词之后的宾语从句用whether，不用if。‎ 多维训练 根据括号内汉语意思完成句子。‎ ‎①__Whether_we'll_go_camping_tomorrow__(明天我们是否去野营) depends on the weather.‎ ‎②We haven't settled the problem of __whether_it_is_necessary_for_him_to_study_abroad__ (他是否有必要去国外学习)．‎ ‎③I wonder __if_you_can_help_me__(你能否帮我)．‎ ‎2．But when I tried to step forward, I found I was carried twice_as_far_as on the earth and fell over.‎ 而当我试着向前迈步的时候，我发觉我被送出去很远，步子的跨度竟是在地球上的两倍，因而我摔倒了。‎ 本句中的twice as ...as ...表示“是……的几倍”，该句型中的twice也可用half, onethird等词，表示“是……的一半/几分之几”。‎ 归纳拓展 有关倍数的表达方式还有：‎ ‎①倍数＋as＋adj./adv.＋as ...‎ ‎②倍数＋形容词/副词的比较级＋than ...‎ ‎③倍数＋the＋名词＋of ...‎ 温馨提示 ‎(1)在“倍数＋the＋名词＋of”结构中，常用的名词有size, height, weight, length, width等。‎ ‎(2)两倍用twice或double，不到一倍用分数表示，三倍或三倍以上一般用times来表示，如three times, four times等。‎ 多维训练 根据括号内汉语意思完成句子。‎ ‎①It is said that the power plant is now __twice_as_large_as_what_it_was__(过去的两倍)．‎ ‎②Our new campus is five times __the_size_of_the_old_one__(旧校园大小)．‎ ‎③As new technology is introduced, this company __produces_three_times_as_many_ computers_as_last_year__ (生产的电脑是去年的三倍)．‎ 单句改错。‎ ‎④It is reported that the United States uses twice as many energy as the whole of Europe.‎ ‎__many→much__‎ ‎⑤This big stone is three times as heavier as that one.‎ ‎__heavier→heavy__‎ ‎⑥There are four times many books in our library than in yours.‎ ‎__many→more__‎ ‎3．This produced a chain reaction, which made_it_possible for life to develop.‎ 这就产生了一系列的反应，使生命的发展成为可能。‎ 这是“make it＋形容词/名词＋to do sth.”句型。该句型中it为形式宾语，指代后面的不定式结构，形容词或名词为宾语补足语。‎ 归纳拓展 ‎(1)make ＋it＋形容词/名词＋不定式/从句 ‎(2)make＋宾语＋宾语补足语 ‎(3)find, feel, think, take等动词也有这样的用法 多维训练 完成句子。‎ ‎①Mastering the technology __makes_it_possible_for_us_to_use__ the Internet more effectively.‎ 精通这项技术可能会让我们更加有效地利用网络。‎ ‎②Spaceships __make_it_possible_to_travel__ to the moon.‎ 宇宙飞船使去月球旅行成为可能。‎ ‎③During this week, __make_it_a_rule__ to jog every day.‎ 在这一周当中一定要养成天天进行慢跑的习惯。‎ ‎④I have discovered that it __makes_them_happy__.‎ 我发现那让他们感到高兴。‎ ‎⑤The teacher raised his voice so that he could __make_himself_heard__.‎ 老师提高了嗓音以便于被别人听到。‎ 基 础 训 练 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 ‎1．It is obvious __what__ the local government can do to protect the environment for future generations.‎ 解析：句意：为了子孙后代，当地政府在保护环境方面所能做的事情是显而易见的。It为形式主语，________ the local government can do to protect the environment for future generations是真正的主语，该主语从句缺少宾语，且表示物，故填what。‎ ‎2．New technologies have made __it__ possible to turn out new products faster and at a lower cost.‎ 解析：考查it作形式宾语。‎ ‎3．All possible means __have_been_taken__(take) to prevent the river __being_polluted__ (pollute)．‎ 解析：考查主谓一致和非谓语动词。‎ ‎4．If they win the final tonight, the team are going to tour around the city __to_be_cheered__ (cheer) by their enthusiastic supporters.‎ 解析：考查非谓语动词。‎ ‎5．The meeting was held in a lively atmosphere __where__ everybody felt to share his ideas.‎ 解析：考查定语从句。从句中缺少地点状语，故填where。‎ ‎6．During those four years, he worked day and night, thus __improving__(improve) his theory gradually until it was complete.‎ 解析：考查ving形式作结果状语。‎ ‎7．Those reports included one case, __where/in_which__ a ‎ fire broke out and destroyed two cars，although there were no injuries.‎ 解析：考查非限制性定语从句。‎ ‎8．I suppose by the time I come back in ten year's time all these old houses will __have_been_pulled__ (pull) down.‎ 解析：考查时态和语态。‎ ‎9．Sometimes he found __it__very hard to fall asleep at night, so he went to see the doctor.‎ 解析：考查it作形式宾语。‎ ‎10．Susan made __it__ clear to me that she wished to make a new life for herself.‎ 解析：本题考查代词的运用。句意：苏珊清楚地跟我表明她希望为自己创造新的生活。分析句子结构可以看出，该句中包含一个that引导的从句，而且根据语境可知，that从句的内容就是苏珊向我表明的事情，所以后置的that从句实际上是made的真正宾语，故用形式宾语it指代that从句。‎ ‎11．The manager wants to see changes in the company, and I am sure he will __in__ time.‎ 解析：句意：经理想要看到公司的改变，我确信他迟早会看到的。in time“及时；最后，迟早”，符合题意。‎ ‎12．It remains to be seen __whether__ the newly formed committee's policy can be put into practice.‎ 解析：本题考查名词性从句。句意：那仍然得看新形成的委员会政策能否付诸实践。It在此为形式主语，故seen后为真正的主语从句，又由remains to be ‎ seen可知存在不确定的意思，所以用whether(是否)。‎ ‎13．The top leaders of the two countries are holding talks in a __friendly__(friend) atmosphere.‎ 解析：句意：两国高层领导人在友好的氛围(atmosphere)中进行谈判。‎ ‎14．—Thank God you're safe!‎ ‎—I stepped back, just in time __to_avoid__(avoid) the racing car.‎ 解析：答语句意：我退后了一步，正好避开了奔跑的汽车。in time to do sth.“正赶上做某事”。‎ ‎15．It's said that the power plant is now twice __as__ large as what it was.‎ 解析：本题考查倍数的表达法。句意：据说这个发电厂现在是过去的两倍大。“倍数＋as...as”是倍数的表达法，意为“是……的几倍”，其中as...as之间要用原级。‎ Ⅱ.完成句子 根据语境和汉语提示完成下列英语句子。‎ ‎1．An exceptionally big fire __broke_out__(爆发) at midnight.Luckily, firefighters arrived just __in_time__(及时) for the rescue.‎ ‎2．Atmosphere __blocks_out__(挡住) a large amount of harmful light from space.‎ ‎3．__Now_that__(既然) we have finished the design, the company, __in_its_turn__(轮到), will do the construction.‎ ‎4．__On_a_global_scale__(在全球范围内), AIDS may well ‎ become the leading cause of infant death.‎ ‎5．He, as well as his sister, __was_brought_up__(被抚养) in the mountainous area where education facilities are far from satisfactory.‎ ‎6．建议采取措施来阻止工厂排放有害气体。‎ ‎__It_is_suggested_that__measures should be taken to prevent factories from discharging harmful gases into the air.‎ ‎7．地球变暖是否加剧取决于我们的活动是否产生更多的二氧化碳。‎ Whether the global warming will become more serious __depends_on_whether__ our activities will produce more carbon dioxide.‎ ‎8．大部分证据被毁了，不可能证明这种食物是有毒的了。‎ Most of the evidence is destroyed, __which_makes_it__impossible__to prove that the food is poisonous.‎ ‎9．证人的描述太难以置信，没有任何实际价值。‎ The witness's descriptions were __too__ unbelievable __to__ be of any real value.‎ ‎10．没有什么比得上一句诚心的问候更令人愉快了。‎ There is nothing __more_pleasant_than__ a cheerful word of greeting.‎ Ⅲ.单句改错 ‎1．She has got into the bad habit of reading in the bed, which is harmful for her eyes.‎ ‎__for→to__‎ ‎2．All theories come from practice and in return serve practice.‎ ‎__return→turn__‎ ‎3．The twin brothers stood under the tree, puzzling and saying nothing.‎ ‎__puzzling→puzzled__‎ ‎4．The sun heats the earth, which makes possible for plants to grow.‎ ‎__makes后加it__‎ ‎5．The new stadium being built for the next Asian Games will be three times as larger as the present one.‎ ‎__larger→large__‎ ‎6．You'll succeed on time because you are always working hard.‎ ‎__on→in__‎ Ⅳ.语篇填空 No one knows exactly how the earth began, as it happened so long ago.However, according to a __1.widely__(wide) accepted theory, the universe began __2.with__ a “Big Bang” that threw matter in all directions.After that, atoms began to form and combine to create stars and other bodies.‎ For several billion years after __3.the__ “Big Bang”， the earth was still just a cloud of dust.What __4.it__ was to become was __5.uncertain__(certain) until between 4.5 and 3.8 billion ‎ years ago __6.when__ the dust settled into a solid globe.The earth became so violent __7.that__ it was not clear whether the shape would last or not.It __8.exploded__(explode) loudly with fire and rock.They were in time to produce carbon, nitrogen, water vapour and other gases, __9.which__ were to make the earth's atmosphere.What is even more important is that as the earth cooled down, water began to appear __10.on__ its surface.‎ 能 力 提 升 Ⅰ.单元考点与短文改错 Is the moon a planet？This question is fundamentally if students are to show that they understand the nature of astronomy. Some scientists think that the earth gave the birth to the moon because the moon circles our planet. Others believe that the moon existing before the earth was formed. They think that earlier in time it travelled through space as a small planet which is caught by the earth's gravity. In a result, it goes around our planet. The evidence for this theory is the atoms that make up the rocks on the moon seem to be different from that on earth. Which is clear is that the moon is smaller than the earth and this prevents it from escape from the earth. Although its origin may still be puzzled, the moon can never be anything more than a satellite of the earth.‎ 答案：‎ Is the moon a planet？This question is if students are to show that they understand the nature of ‎ astronomy. Some scientists think that the earth gave the birth to the moon because the moon circles our planet. Others believe that the moon before the earth was formed. They think that earlier in time it travelled through space as a small planet which caught by the earth's gravity. a result, it goes around our planet. The evidence for this theory is the atoms that make up the rocks on the moon seem to be different from on earth. is clear is that the moon is smaller than the earth and this prevents it from from the earth. Although its origin may still be ， the moon can never be anything more than a satellite of the earth.‎ Ⅱ.单元语法与语法填空(主语从句和同位语从句)‎ How dinosaurs disappeared is not only a question __1.which__ interests biologists and geologists. It is a favourite topic for discussion for __2.physicists__(physicist) and astronomers. They would like to know __3.why__ dinosaurs became extinct because this may help them find ways __4.to_solve__(solve) the problem of global warming. Some scientists believe __5.that__ a comet crashed into the earth long ago and caused the disappearance. __6.How__ the climate changed is uncertain, but water and food supply __7.decreased__(decrease) and so the dinosaurs gradually died ‎ out. However, the mammals survived. Other scientists believe __8.that__ the earth slowly became hot and dry dozens of millions of years ago. As a result of this event, a great dust cloud formed in the sky blocking out the sunlight. Without sunlight, most plants soon __9.died__ (die) and so many dinosaur species became extinct. Since the last ice age, the climate of the earth has not changed very much. However, __10.whether__ the climate will change again is a concern for everybody on earth.‎ Ⅲ.单元话题与书面表达 ‎(一)根据提示结合本单元所学知识补全短文(无提示处请填写适当的过渡词)‎ The development of space technology ①__makes_us_cheer_up__(使我们振奋). Man has succeeded in landing on the moon and will explore Mars sooner or later. ②__However,_whether_there_is_life_on_Mars_still_remains_a_puzzle_to_us__(然而，火星上是否有生命对我们来说仍是一个谜，用whether主语从句)．‎ Although we have known a little about Mars, that's far from enough. ❶The earth is six times the size of Mars. ❷There is almost no oxygen on Mars and this ③__makes_it_impossible_for_ life_to_exist__(使生命存在成为不可能). It might be about 50 degrees above zero at noon and 100 degrees below zero at night, ④__which_prevents_us_from_living_there__(这使得我们无法在那里生活，用prevent...from...). ⑤__Now_that__(由于)Mars is ‎ quite different from the earth, if we plan to go to Mars one day, we should be fully equipped with our own oxygen, food, clothing and shelter.‎ ‎(二)按要求升级词汇和句式 ‎1．用本单元所学高级词汇升级加黑词语 sooner or later→__in_time__‎ ‎2．按要求升级句式 ‎(1)用至少两种表达方式改写句❶‎ a．__The_earth_is_five_times_as_large_as_Mars__.‎ b．__The_earth_is_four_times_larger_than_Mars__.‎ ‎(2)按要求升级句❷‎ a．There is almost no oxygen on Mars，__making_it_impossible_for_life_to_exist__.(分词作状语)‎ b．There is almost no oxygen on Mars, __which_makes_it_impossible_for_life_to_exist__.(定语从句)‎