福建光泽县高考英语一轮复习阅读类综合训练一11 8页

只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 1 福建光泽县 2017 高考英语一轮阅读类综合训练 【由上海市虹口区2014模拟改编】 Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. Napping for a while at daytime is a very smart and healthy move. The Mayo Clinic says naps 1 relaxation, better mood and alertness, and a sharper working 2 . A 2008 British study found that compared to getting more nighttime sleep, a mid-day nap was the best way to 3 the mid-afternoon sleepiness. According to the Harvard Health Letter, several studies have shown that people 4 new information better when they take a nap shortly after learning it. And, most 5 , a 2007 study of nearly 24,000 Greek adults in the Archives of Internal Medicine found that people who napped 6 had a 37 percent reduced risk of dying from heart disease compared to people who didn’t nap. Of course, napping isn’t 7 for everyone. If you’re suffering from inability to sleep, naps that are too long or taken too late in the day can 8 with your ability to fall or stay asleep at night. But for most, naps can make you feel sharper and happier. Naps provide different benefits 9 on how long they are. A 20-minute nap will boost alertness and concentration; a 90-minute snooze（小睡）can 10 creativity. According to prevention.com, you 11 a natural dip in body temperature between 1 p.m. and 3 p.m. A short nap at this time can boost alertness for several hours and, for most people, shouldn’t 12 being able to fall asleep at night. Pick a dark, cozy place that’s not too warm or too chilly. Prevention.com 13 napping on the couch instead of in bed, so you’re less 14 to snooze for too 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 2 long. Surprisingly, the best place to take a nap may be a hammock（吊床）if you have one. A Swiss study 15 last year found that people fell asleep faster and had deeper sleep when they napped in a hammock than in a bed. That same rocking motion that puts babies to sleep works wonders for grown-ups, too. 1. A. relieve B. promote C. operate D. support 2. A. feeling B. frame C. sense D. mind 3. A. cope with B. put aside C. talk about D. carry upon 4. A. remark B. consider C. remember D. concern 5. A. reportedly B. unbelievably C. constantly D. frankly 6. A. regularly B. enormously C. heavily D. strongly 7. A. exact B. correct C. right D. accurate 8. A. connect B. deal C. compete D. interfere 9. A. focusing B. depending C. relying D. basing 10. A. enlarge B. engage C. enhance D. enroll 11. A. explore B. experience C. exercise D. implement 12. A. produce B. handle C. affect D. urge 13. A. postpones B. discourages C. acknowledges D. recommends 14. A. obliged B. tempted C. adopted D. attracted 15. A. pronounced B. published C. discovered D. cultivated 完形填空、共 15 小题，每题 1 分。共 15 分。 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 3 1. B 2. D 3. A 4. C 5. B 6. A 7. C 8. D 9. B 10. C 11. B 12. C 13. D 14. B 15. B （2016 高考训练）阅读下列材料，从每题所给的选项中选出最佳选项。 体裁：说明文 话题：社会道德 词数：360 时间：8′ (2015·江西重点中学盟校二次联考)Counterfeit medicines are a widespread problem in developing countries.Like other counterfeits，they look like real products.But counterfeit drugs may contain too much，too little or none of the active ingredients (有效成分) of the real thing. People do not get the medicine they need.And in some cases the counterfeits cause death.Twenty children in Bangladesh died last year after being given acetaminophen (醋氨酚)．The medications contained ingredients that looked，smelled and tasted like the real thing.The medicine was produced by a local drug company that used a dangerous substitute to save money. The problem of counterfeit medicines is especially serious in Africa，Asia and Latin America.The WHO estimates that up to thirty percent of medicines on sale in many of those countries are counterfeits.The problem is less widespread among industrialized countries.The WHO says counterfeits make up less than one percent of the illegal drug market in countries like the United States，Canada，Japan，and New Zealand. But the agency also says as much as fifty percent of the medicine sold on the Internet is counterfeit. Much is being done to fight counterfeit drugs.Several companies are developing ways to make counterfeits easier to identify (鉴定)．And there are existing methods，like a machine that can quickly identify chemicals in pills to confirm if the pills are real.Other ideas include things like special tracking(跟踪) codes for drug packages.People could send a text message with the code and get a message back，which proves that what they bought is listed in a database.Some drug makers and other companies put threedimensional images called holograms(全息图)on their products as a security device. 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 4 【语篇解读】 这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了假药的有关情况。 1．The underlined word “counterfeits” means ________． A．qualified products B．substandard medicines C．real pills D．false products 答案 D [词义猜测题。根据第一段第二句话中的“they look like real products”以及后 面一句话可推知，画线词的意思是“伪造品”。因此 D 项正确。] 2．Last year twenty children in Bangladesh died because of ________． A．unclean water B．acetaminophen C．unreal drugs D．online medicines 答案 C [细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句话可知，那二十个孩子是因为服用了假药死去的。 因此选 C 项。] 3．We can draw a conclusion from the passage that ________． A．we had better not buy medicines online B．more and more people will buy products online C．medicine companies don't pay much attention to counterfeit drugs D．it is very cheap and convenient to buy medicines online 答案 A [推理判断题。从第四段可知，网上销售的药品，假药多达百分之五十。由此可推知， 我们最好不要在网上购买药物。因此 A 项正确。] 4．What is the main idea of the last paragraph? A．It shows the danger of counterfeit drugs. B．Special tracking codes for drug packages are used to identify counterfeits. C．Some measures are being taken to fight counterfeit drugs. D．It reveals the reasons why counterfeit drugs are widespread. 答案 C [段落大意题。文章最后一段主要说明了人们采取了一些措施来与假药作斗争。因此 选 C 项。] 【2015 高考复习】阅读理解 High school dropouts earn an average of $9,000 less per year than graduates.Now a new study moves away a common belief why they quit.It's much more than failing 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 5 in exams at school. Society tends to think of high school dropouts as kids who just can't cut it.They are lazy，and perhaps not too bright.So researchers were surprised when they asked more than 450 kids who quit school about why they left. “The vast majority actually had passing grades and they were confident that they could have graduated from high school.”John Bridgeland，the executive researcher said.About 1 million teens leave school each year.Only about half of AfricanAmerican and Hispanic(美籍西班牙的)students will receive a diploma，and actually all dropouts come to regret their decision.So，if failing grades don't explain why these kids quit，what does？Again，John Bridgeland said，“The most dependable finding was that they were bored.”“They found classes uninteresting； they weren't inspired or motivated.They didn't see any direct connection between what they were learning in the classroom to their own lives，or to their possible careers.” The study found that most teens who do dropout wait until they turn sixteen， which happens to be the age at which most states allow students to quit.In the US， only one state，New Mexico，has a law requiring teenagers to stay in high school until they graduate.Only four states：California，Tennessee，Texas and Utah，plus the District of Columbia，require school attendance until age 18，no exceptions.Another researcher says raising the compulsory attendance age may be one way to keep more kids in school. “As these dropouts look back，they realize they've made a mistake.And anything that sort of gives these people an extra push to stick it out，is probably a helpful measure.” New Hampshire may be the next state to raise its school attendance age to 18.But critics say that forcing the students unwilling to continue their studies to stay in school misses the point—the need for reform.It's been called for to reinvent high school education to make it more challenging and relevant，and to ensure that kids who do stick it out receive a diploma that actually means something. 【语篇解读】 学生为什么要辍学？是因为他们不聪明不努力而导致考试不及格吗？调 查显示，并非如此。学校教育的乏味和缺乏实用性才是罪魁祸首。中学教育的改革势在必行。 16．Most high school students drop out of school because ________. A．they often fail in exams B．they find school learning boring 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 6 C．they are discriminated against D．they are lazy and not intelligent 答案 B [事实细节题。由第三段“The most dependable finding was that they were bored.”“They found classes uninteresting；they weren't inspired or motivated.” 一句可知。] 17．According to the passage，which state will soon have a law requiring school attendance until 18? A．California. B．New Hampshire. C．New Mexico. D．Utah. 答案 B [事实细节题。由最后一段第一句可知。New Mexico 颁布法律规定学生必须毕业， 并没有年龄限制。而 California 和 Utah 是已经实行了这一规定的州。] 18．In the last paragraph，the writer is trying to ________. A．analyze the reason why students quit school B．suggest raising the compulsory attendance age C．raise awareness of reforming high school education D．wish to make laws to guarantee no education 答案 C [推理判断题。文章最后一段指出：强迫不愿意继续上学的学生留在学校显然是没 有看到问题的关键——改革的必要性。由此可见，作者是赞同中学教育改革并希望公众能注 意这个问题。] 19．What is the purpose of the author writing this article? A．To analyze the reasons why many students drop out of school. B．To introduce the measures to stop students from dropping out of school. C．To introduce the different regulations in the USA about students dropping out of school. D．To raise awareness of educational reforming in the USA. 答案 D [主旨大意题。作者借助一份关于中学生辍学的研究结果，说明了美国中学教育改 革的必要性。] 【2015 高考复习】阅读理解 If you exhibit positive characteristics such as honesty and helpfulness，the chances are that you will be thought as a goodlooking person，for a new study has found 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 7 that the perception (认知) of physical attractiveness is influenced by a person's personality.The study，which was led by Gary W．Lewandowski，has found that people who exhibit negative characteristics，such as unfairness and rudeness，appear to be less physically attractive to observers.In the study，the participants viewed photographs of oppositesex individuals and rated them for attractiveness before and after being provided with information about their personalities. After personality information was received，participants also rated the probability of each individual's becoming a friend and a dating partner.Information on personality was found to significantly change the probability，showing that cognitive (认知的) processes modify(修改)judgments of attractiveness. “Thinking a person as having a desirable personality makes the person more suitable in general as a close relationship partner of any kind，”said Lewandowski. The findings show that a positive personality leads to greater expectation of becoming friends，which leads to greater expectation of becoming romantic partners and，finally，to being viewed as more physically attractive.The findings remained consistent regardless of how“attractive”the individual was formerly thought to be or of the participants' current relationship status. “This research provides a positive outcome by reminding people that personality goes a long way toward determining your attractiveness；it can even change people's impressions of how goodlooking you are，”said Lewandowski. 【语篇导读】 据最新研究表明，一个人外表的吸引力会受到他性格的影响，一个拥有积极 个性的人会被认为是最有吸引力的人。 20．In the study the participants were required to________. A．try to make friends with each other B．try to prove positive characters make people more attractive C．exhibit negative characters such as unfairness and rudeness D．rate one's attractiveness by photos before and after knowing her or his personality 答案 D [事实细节题。文章第二段最后一句 In the study，the participants...rated them for attractiveness before and after being provided with information about their personalities(参与者……在得知照片人物的性格的前后分别对他们的吸引力做出 评估)，故选 D。] 21．What's the CORRECT order of how cognitive processes modify judgments of attractiveness? a．find a person with a positive personality 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 8 b．view the person more physically attractive c．want to make friends with the person d．want to be his/her romantic partner A．a→c→d→b B．d→c→b→a C．c→b→a→d D．a→d→c→b 答案 A [事实细节题。根据文章倒数第二段 a positive personality(a)leads to greater expectation of becoming friends(c)(积极的性格会产生做朋友的期待)，becoming friends，which leads to greater expectation of becoming romantic partners(d)(做 朋友会产生成为恋爱伙伴的期待)，finally，to being viewed as more physically attractive(b)(最后会觉得对方更加有吸引力)，故选 A。] 22．Which of the following is WRONG according to the passage? A．The research reminds people to pay more attention to the personality. B．Personality can change people's impressions of one's appearance. C．The judgment of one's attractiveness always stays unchanged. D．Positive personality may lead to more friends. 答案 C [事实细节题。根据文章第一段中的 the perception(认知)of physical attractiveness is influenced by a person's personality(一个人外表的吸引力受到他 性格的影响)，或最后一段中的 it can even change people's impressions of how goodlooking you are(这甚至能够改变一个人对你有多好看的看法)可知对一个人吸引力的 判断是会改变的，不是一成不变的(unchanged)，故 C 选项的说法不对，选 C。] 23．The passage is written in a(n)________tone. A．subjective B．objective C．sceptical D．negative 答案 B [推理判断题。文章客观介绍了一个实验的结果，作者的语气是 objective(客观 的)。subjective 主观的，sceptical 怀疑的，negative 消极的，均不符合文章的描述。] 24．Who are the intended readers of this passage? A．People with positive characteristics. B．Goodlooking people. C．People with negative characteristics. D．General people. 答案 D [推理判断题。本文是对一个实验的客观介绍，目标读者就是普通群众(general people)，故选 D。]