【英语】2019届高考英语二轮复习强化训练：专题4语法填空和短文改错3 11页

第一编　专题四　第3讲　‎ 真题题组 ‎1‎ ‎(2018·全国Ⅲ)‎ It was Monday morning，and the writing class had just begin. Everyone was silent，wait to see who would be called upon to read his and her paragraph aloud. Some of us were confident and eager take part in the class activity；others were nervous and anxious. I had done myself homework，but I was shy. I was afraid that to speak in front of a larger group of people. At that moment，I remembered that my father once said，“The classroom is a place for learning and that include learning from textbooks，and mistake as well. ” Immediate，I raised my hand. ‎ 答案：‎ It was Monday morning，and the writing class had just . Everyone was silent， to see who would be called upon to read his her paragraph aloud. Some of us were confident and eager take part in the class activity；others were nervous and anxious. I had done homework，but I was shy. I was afraid that to speak in front of a group of people. At that moment，I remembered that my father once said，“The classroom is a place for learning and that learning from textbooks，and as well. ” ，I raised my hand. ‎ 文章大意：本文是一篇记叙文，描写了作者在写作课上的心理活动。作者虽然完成了作业，但还是害羞，不敢在很多人面前读文章。作者突然想起父亲曾经说过的话，受到了鼓舞，于是举起了手。‎ ‎❶　解析：begin→begun　句法错误。由语境可知，此处是过去完成时，要用“had＋过去分词”结构。begin的过去分词为begun。‎ ‎❷　解析：wait→waiting　句法错误。分析句子结构可知，was为谓语动词，主语I与wait之间为主谓关系，故用现在分词作状语。‎ ‎❸　解析：and→or　行文逻辑错误。his与 her之间为选择关系，而非并列关系，故用or。‎ ‎❹　解析：eager后加to　词法错误。(be) eager to do sth. 渴望做某事，为固定搭配。‎ ‎❺　解析：myself→my/the　词法错误。do one’s/the homework 为固定搭配，意为“做家庭作业”。‎ ‎❻　解析：去掉afraid后的that　句法错误。be afraid to do sth. 害怕做某事。‎ ‎❼　解析：larger→large　词法错误。由语境可知，前后没有比较的意味，故用原级。‎ ‎❽　解析：include→includes　句法错误。分析句子结构可知，that引导定语从句，修饰place，关系代词替代place在从句中作主语，从句谓语动词的数要与先行词保持一致。‎ ‎❾　解析：mistake→mistakes　词法错误。句意：……从书本和错误中学习。mistake是可数名词，此处所指的“错误”不止一个，应用复数形式。‎ 　解析：Immediate→Immediately　词法错误。放于句首，作句子状语，要用副词。‎ ‎2‎ ‎(2017·全国Ⅲ)‎ When I look at this picture of myself，I realize of how fast time flies. I had grown not only physically，and also mentally in the past few years. About one month after this photo was took，I entered my second year of high school and become a new member of the school music club. Around me in picture are the things they were very important in my life at that time： car magazines and musical instruments. I enjoyed studying difference kings of cars and planes，playing pop music，and collecting the late music albums. This picture often brings back to me many happy memories of your high school days. ‎ 答案：‎ When I look at this picture of myself，I realize of how fast time flies. I grown not only physically， also mentally in the past few years. About one month after this photo was ，I entered my second year of high school and a new member of the school music club. Around me in picture are the things were very important in my life at that time： car magazines and musical instruments. I enjoyed studying kinds of cars and planes，playing pop music，and collecting the music albums. This picture often brings back to me many happy memories of high school days. ‎ ‎❶　解析：删除of。考查介词。realize后接宾语从句，介词of多余。‎ ‎❷　解析：had改为have。考查时态。由时间状语“in the past few years”可知，此处强调的是发生在过去的动作对现在的影响，故应用现在完成时。‎ ‎❸　解析：and改为but。考查连词。not only. . . but also. . . 是固定搭配。‎ ‎❹　解析：took改为taken。考查语态。photo与take为被动关系，故应用被动语态。take的过去分词是taken。‎ ‎❺　解析：become改为became。考查动词时态。“我”进入高中第二学年并成为学校音乐俱乐部的新成员这一系列动作发生在过去，所以谓语动词应用became。‎ ‎❻　解析：picture前面加this或者the。考查限定词/冠词。picture作“照片”之意讲时是可数名词，因为上文已提到过这张照片，因此要用定冠词the表特指，或者用this。‎ ‎❼　解析：they改为that或which。考查定语从句。things是个名词，后面接了一个定语从句，修饰先行词things，既可以用that也可以用which作关系代词。‎ ‎❽　解析：difference改为different。考查形容词。名词kinds前需要形容词来修饰，因此把名词difference改为形容词different。‎ ‎❾　解析：late改为latest。考查形近词辨析。结合句意，这里表示收集最新的音乐专辑，故将late改为latest。‎ 　解析：your改为my。考查人称指代一致。全文介绍的是“我”的故事，因此这里应该是“我”高中时期的回忆。‎ ‎3‎ ‎(2017·全国Ⅰ)‎ In the summer holiday following my eighteen birthday，I took driving lessons. I still remember how hard first day was. Before getting into the car，I thought I had learned the instructor’s orders，so once I started the car，my mind goes blank. I forgot what he had said to me altogether. The instructor kept repeating the word，“Speed up！” “Slow down！” “Turning left！” I was so much nervous that I could hardly tell which direction was left. A few minutes late，the instructor asked me to stop the car. It was a relief and I came to a suddenly stop just in the middle on the road. ‎ 答案：‎ In the summer holiday following my birthday，I took driving lessons. I still remember how hard first day was. Before getting into the car，I thought I had learned the instructor’s orders， once I started the car，my mind blank. I forgot what he had said to me altogether. The instructor kept repeating the ，“Speed up！” “Slow down！” “ left！” I was so much nervous that I could hardly tell which direction was left. A few minutes ，the instructor asked me to stop the car. It was a relief and I came to a stop just in the middle the road. ‎ ‎❶　解析：eighteen改为eighteenth。考查序数词。“我的18岁生日”‎ ‎，应用序数词eighteenth。‎ ‎❷　解析：在first day前加the或my。由序数词first可知，其前应加定冠词the。也可以用形容词性物主代词my修饰first day。‎ ‎❸　解析：so改为but或yet。考查上下文的逻辑关系。根据语境可知，前后两句之间为转折关系，故把so改为but或yet。‎ ‎❹　解析：goes改为went。考查时态。本文讲述作者18岁生日后的那个暑假发生的事情，且通篇以过去时为主。此处应用一般过去时，故把goes改为went。‎ ‎❺　解析：word改为words。考查名词的数。根据下文可知，教练发出了很多指令，故用word的复数形式words。‎ ‎❻　解析：Turning改为Turn。考查谓语动词。此处为祈使句，并和上文中的“Speed up”和“Slow down”并列，故改为动词原形Turn。‎ ‎❼　解析：删除so后的much。考查固定句型。此处含有“so. . . that. . . ”引导的结果状语从句，句中的much多余，故删除。‎ ‎❽　解析：late改为later。考查副词。late意为“迟，晚”。“一段时间＋later”表示“一段时间之后”，故把late改为later。‎ ‎❾　解析：suddenly改为sudden。考查形容词。该句中的名词stop应用形容词修饰，所以把suddenly改为sudden。‎ 　解析：on改为of。考查固定搭配。in the middle of意为“在……的中间”，故把on改为of。‎ ‎4‎ ‎(2016·全国Ⅰ)‎ My uncle is the owner of a restaurant close to that I live. Though not very big，but the restaurant is popular in our area. It is always crowded with customers at meal times. Some people even had to wait outside. My uncle tells me that the key to his success is honest. Every day he makes sure that fresh vegetables or high quality oil are using for cooking. My uncle says that he never dreams becoming rich in the short period of time. Instead，he hopes that our business will grow steady. ‎ 答案：‎ My uncle is the owner of a restaurant close to I live. Though not very big， but the restaurant is popular in our area. It is always crowded with customers at meal times. Some people even to wait outside. My uncle tells me that the key to his success is . Every day he makes sure that fresh vegetables high quality oil are for cooking. My uncle says that he never ‎ dreamsbecoming rich in short period of time. Instead，he hopes that business will grow . ‎ ‎❶　解析：that→where。考查宾语从句。此处表达的是“靠近我所居住的地方”，故需将that改为where。where在此引导宾语从句，并在从句中作地点状语。‎ ‎❷　解析：but去掉。考查连词。从属连词Though(虽然)不可与并列连词but(但是)一起使用，故需去掉but。‎ ‎❸　解析：had→have。考查时态。整篇文章都是以现在时态写的，所以需将一般过去时改为一般现在时。‎ ‎❹　解析：honest→honesty。考查名词。根据语境“我叔叔告诉我他成功的关键在于诚实”可知，此处该用名词形式作表语。‎ ‎❺　解析：or→and。考查并列连词。根据语境可知，此处不是表示选择关系，而是表示“新鲜的蔬菜和优质的油”，故把or改为and。‎ ‎❻　解析：using→used。考查被动语态。fresh vegetables和high quality oil与use之间存在被动关系，故用被动语态。‎ ‎❼　解析：becoming前加of。考查介词。dream of doing sth. 是固定搭配，意为“梦想做某事”。‎ ‎❽　解析：the→a。考查冠词。此处表示泛指，故用不定冠词a，in a short period of time意为“短期内”。‎ ‎❾　解析：our→his。考查代词。由语境及主语he可知，此处指的是叔叔的生意，故将our改为his才合乎语境。‎ 　解析：steady→steadily。考查副词。修饰动词grow该用副词，所以应用steady的副词形式steadily。‎ 模拟题组 ‎1‎ ‎(2018·广州市高三年级调研考试)‎ I took part in a teenage summer camp last month. We helped at a national park in a week. We did different things every day, so I did get a bit annoyed because we had cheese sandwiches every lunchtime. It was really good fun, although we work incredibly hard. One day, the schedule was changed at the last minute, and instead of our planned active, we all helped the staff to finish cut the weeds by the lake. That was the much toughest day—and also the best. Every day, they took turns to cook in teams of five. When it was our team’s turn, we made a simply dinner for everyone. Judging by the fact that there was no left, I think that our team did great job. ‎ 答案：‎ I took part in a teenage summer camp last month. We helped at a national park a week. We did different things every day, I did get a bit annoyed because we had cheese sandwiches every lunchtime. It was really good fun, although we incredibly hard. One day, the schedule was changed at the last minute, and instead of our planned ， we all helped the staff to finish the weeds by the lake. That was the much toughest day—and also the best. Every day, took turns to cook in teams of five. When it was our team’s turn, we made a dinner for everyone. Judging by the fact that there was left, I think that our team did great job. ‎ ‎❶　解析：in改为for。考查介词。句意：我们在一个国家公园帮了一周的忙。介词for后可跟时间段，表示“持续多长时间”。in a week意为“一周后”。‎ ‎❷　解析：so改为but。考查连词。句意：我们每天做不同的事情，但我的确有点生气，因为我们每顿午餐都吃奶酪三明治。根据句意可知，前后句为转折关系，故应用连词but。‎ ‎❸　解析：work改为worked。考查动词时态。根据前半句中的动词was可知，此处讲述发生在过去的事情，应用一般过去时，故将work改为worked。‎ ‎❹　解析：active改为activity/activities。考查名词。句意：一天，安排在最后一分钟变了，取代计划好的活动，我们帮助工作人员除完了湖边的草。planned“有计划的”是形容词，后面应接名词，故应将active改为activity/activities。‎ ‎❺　解析：cut改为cutting。考查动名词。finish doing sth. 为固定用法，意为”完成做某事”，故应用动名词cutting作动词finish的宾语。‎ ‎❻　解析：删除much。考查副词。句意：那是最艰难的一天，也是最棒的一天。最高级前面不需要much，very等副词来修饰，故删除much。‎ ‎❼　解析：they改为we。考查代词。根据上文可知，此处讲的是作者及夏令营其他成员参加活动的情况，故应用代词we。‎ ‎❽　解析：simply改为simple。考查形容词。句意：当轮到我们组的时候，我们为每个人做了顿简单的饭。修饰名词dinner应用形容词simple。‎ ‎❾　解析：no改为nothing/none。考查代词。句意：从什么/一点儿也没剩下这个事实判断，我认为我们组做得不错。no不可以当代词，故应用nothing/none。‎ 　解析：did后加a。考查冠词。do a great job“做得好”，job为可数名词且其发音以辅音音素开头，故前面应加冠词a。‎ ‎2‎ ‎(2018·洛阳市高三第一次统一考试)‎ In my spare time, I often read some books written by famous writers in or abroad. I ever read China’s Four Great Classical novel such as Journey to the West. Beside, I enjoy reading Tang poetry. ‎ I have been writing from I was nine years old. I am remember the first time my parents and I talked about my dream of becoming writer. They laughed out happy when they read the short story I write about robots. They think that my story is well worth read and that I am good at writing. I believe I will achieve their dream. ‎ 答案：‎ In my spare time, I often read some books written by famous writers in abroad. I ever read China’s Four Great Classical such as Journey to the West. ， I enjoy reading Tang poetry. ‎ I have been writing I was nine years old. I am remember the first time my parents and I talked about my dream of becoming writer. They laughed out when they read the short story I about robots. They think that my story is well worth and that I am good at writing. I believe I will achieve dream. ‎ ‎❶　解析：or改为and。考查并列连词。此处应用and表示“和”。‎ ‎❷　解析：novel改为novels。考查名词。根据上文中的“Four”可知，此处应用可数名词复数形式，故把novel改为novels。‎ ‎❸　解析：Beside改为Besides。考查副词。此处表示“我”‎ 曾经读过中国的四大名著，比如《西游记》。除此之外，“我”还喜欢读唐诗。故用副词Besides表示“除此之外”。‎ ‎❹　解析：from改为since。考查连词。此处表示从9岁开始“我”就一直写作。since意为“自……以来”，用来引导时间状语从句。‎ ‎❺　解析：删除am。考查动词。am和remember是两个动词，且此处主谓之间为主动关系，因此am多余。此处表示记得第一次”我”和父母谈论“我”想成为一位作家的梦想，故删除am。‎ ‎❻　解析：在writer前加a。考查冠词。writer是可数名词单数，所以前面需要加冠词；此处表泛指，且writer的发音以辅音音素开头，故应用a。‎ ‎❼　解析：happy改为happily。考查副词。laughed out是动词短语，应用副词修饰，副词作状语，故把happy改为happily。‎ ‎❽　解析：write改为wrote。考查动词时态。此处讲述的是过去的事情，且根据“laughed out”为一般过去时可知，此处也应用一般过去时。‎ ‎❾　解析：read改为reading。考查固定搭配。be worth doing sth。“值得做某事”，故应把read改为reading。 ‎ 　解析：their改为my。考查代词。根据人称一致的原则，上文中提到了“我”想成为一位作家的梦想，故此处应把their改为my。‎ ‎3‎ ‎(2018·太原市二模)‎ Do you believe love is the most important? In the early twenty century, homeless people were often brought up in orphanages, in that they received little love. At one time, Dr. Skeels took twelve children from an orphanage or had a young girl look them each day. He also studied another twelve children who are left in the orphanage all day long. He followed these children not until they grew up, and the results were shocked. The children staying all day in the orphanage were either dead or suffering from serious illnesses. However, the twelve children loved by the girl were all healthy and independently. The only difference between the life of these children—the love, made a great difference to us. ‎ 答案：‎ Do you believe love is the most important? In the early century, homeless people were often brought up in orphanages, in they received little love. At one time, Dr. Skeels took twelve children from an orphanage had a young girl look them each day. He also studied another twelve children who left in the orphanage all day long. He followed these children not until they grew up, and the results were . The children staying all day in the orphanage were either dead or suffering from serious illnesses. However, the twelve children loved by the girl were all healthy and . The only difference between the of these children—the love, made a great difference to . ‎ ‎❶　解析：twenty改为twentieth。考查序数词。该处指“在20世纪早期”，即“第20世纪”，故用序数词。‎ ‎❷　解析：that改为which。考查定语从句。句意：在20世纪早期，无家可归的人通常在孤儿院长大，在那里他们得到很少的爱。分析该句结构可知，该句为非限制性定语从句，先行词为“orphanages”，作从句中介词in的宾语，故用in which引导该定语从句。‎ ‎❸　解析：or改为and。考查连词。句意：Skeels博士曾经从一所孤儿院领养了12个孩子，并让一个年轻女孩每天照看他们。根据句意可知，“领养孩子”和“让女孩照顾他们”之间为“顺承”关系，故用and。‎ ‎❹　解析：look后加after。考查固定搭配。参见上题解析。look after为固定搭配，意为“照料，照看”。‎ ‎❺　解析：are改为were。考查动词的时态。句意：他还研究了另外十二个整天留在孤儿院的孩子。根据该句中的过去式“studied”，并结合语境可知，此处叙述的是过去发生的事情，故用一般过去时。‎ ‎❻　解析：删除not。考查语境。结合语境可知，他密切关注这两组孩子，直到他们长大，其结果是令人惊讶的。故该处不用否定形式。‎ ‎❼　解析：shocked改为shocking。考查形容词。主语为“the results”，该处表示“‎ 令人惊讶的”，故用shocking；shocked表示“(人)感到惊讶的”，与语境不符。‎ ‎❽　解析：independently改为independent。考查形容词。根据该句中的“were”以及“and”可知，此处与“healthy”并列，故用形容词作表语，故该处用independent。‎ ‎❾　解析：life改为lives。考查名词的单复数。life作“生活”讲时为可数名词，根据该句中的“of these children”可知，该处表示“这些孩子的生活”，故用复数形式。‎ 　解析：us改为them。考查人称代词。句意：这些孩子们生活中唯一的不同点——爱，对他们产生了很大的影响。根据该句中的“these children”可知，该处代指“这些孩子”，作介词to的宾语，故用第三人称宾格形式them。‎ ‎4‎ ‎(2018·郑州市二模)‎ Last year my class went on the trip to the mountains for skiing. We have already been to the same place the year before and it had been a wonderfully experience. ‎ When we arrived at there, it had snowed heavily the day before and there were terrible storm. At breakfast the next day, everyone there told us not to go skiing because of the bad weather, but we decide to go anyway. When we got to the mountain top, that started snowing again. The hotel had given us some sandwiches to take along, so we ate them since we were waiting for the weather to improve. But it didn’t and soon we really felt very frightening. Luckily, I had my cell phone in my bag. I called the emergency services, at last they sent a helicopter to save us. ‎ 答案：‎ Last year my class went on trip to the mountains for skiing. We already been to the same place the year before and it had been a experience. ‎ When we arrived at there, it had snowed heavily the day before and there were terrible . At breakfast the next day, everyone there told us not to go skiing because of the bad weather, but we to go anyway. When we got to the mountain top, started snowing again. The hotel had given us some sandwiches to take along, so we ate them we were waiting for the weather to improve. But it didn’t and soon we really felt very . Luckily, I had my cell phone in my bag. I called the emergency services, at last they sent a ‎ helicopter to save us. ‎ ‎❶　解析：the改为a。考查冠词。go on trip“去旅行”是固定搭配。‎ ‎❷　解析：have改为had。考查时态。根据句中的时间状语“the year before”可知，这个动作发生在上文提到的Last year之前，所以要用过去完成时。‎ ‎❸　解析：wonderfully改为wonderful。考查形容词。修饰名词experience，作定语，要用形容词。‎ ‎❹　解析：删除at。考查介词。there是副词，arrive为不及物动词，故此处不需要加介词。‎ ‎❺　解析：storm改为storms。考查名词。根据前面的系动词were可知，这里要用可数名词storm“暴风雨(雪)”的复数形式。‎ ‎❻　解析：decide改为decided。考查时态。句子讲述的是过去发生的事情，故这里要用一般过去时。‎ ‎❼　解析：that改为it。考查代词。谈论时间、日期、距离、天气等时应用it作主语，故将that改为it。‎ ‎❽　解析：since改为when/while/as。考查连词。根据语境可知，这里表示“在我们等待天气转好时”，所以要用连词when/while/as。‎ ‎❾　解析：frightening改为frightened。考查形容词。此处表示“(人)感到害怕的”，故要用frightened。frightening表示“令人害怕的”。‎ 　解析：at last前加and。考查连词。根据语境可知，两个句子之间是顺承关系，故应用并列连词and。‎