2019届一轮复习人教版选修六Unit5ThePowerofNature单元学案设计（10页word版） 10页

‎ 2019届一轮复习人教版选修六Unit5 The Power of Nature 单元学案设计 一、 重点词汇总结 ‎1.bore: vt.使人厌烦，n. 令人讨厌的人或事；bored:（人）厌烦的；boring：（物)令人厌烦的；bore sb. To death:使某人厌烦得要死 类似的用法：(过分表示人的感受，现分表示别人对某事的看法)：astonish, excite, move, interest, disappoint, surprise, frighten, annoy, worry… ‎ The movie was so boring that I fell asleep.‎ Are you getting bored of doing the same thing everyday?‎ ‎2.appoint: vt.任命，指派，委任，后多跟职位一类的词；约定。 ‎ appoint sb to sth:任命某人担任某职位 appoint sb(as) sth:任命某人敢某份工作 appoint sb to do sth:指定某人做某事 appoint a time and place for… 为……确定时间和地点:‎ He was appointed to the manager of the company.‎ appointed: 指定的；appointment: 约定，任命；keep/break one’s appointment:守约/失约；make/ fix an appointment with sb:与……约定 I have made an appointment with the doctor at 2 p.m.‎ ‎3.be warned to do sth:被告诫做某事 ‎(not) to do sth ‎(of /against sth)‎ that 从句 warn sb ‎ The people were warned of the danger of flooding.‎ The doctor warned me not to/ against drink ‎ ‎4. burn to the ground: (楼房等)完全烧毁；burn away: 逐渐烧掉，消失；burn down: （建筑物）烧毁；burn off:烧掉，蒸发；burn up:烧毁，烧得更旺/亮；burn out: (由于过热而)烧坏，筋疲力尽；burn for:渴望；burn to death:烧死 All the wood has been burned up. 木柴全部烧光了。‎ The fireman was burned to death in the great fire.‎ ‎5.in the distance: 在远方；at/from a distance of +距离 :在稍远处，隔开一定距离；keep sb at a distance:不与某人太亲近，保持疏远 The picture looks better at a distance.‎ distant: adj. 远的，久远的，疏远的，冷淡的；be distant from: 远离 The sound of waterfall can be heard at a distance of two miles.‎ ‎6.suit:n. 一套衣服，套装； vt:适合，使适宜 The gentleman was in a classic suit.‎ I have found a job that suits me well.‎ fit, suit, match的区别：‎ fit:（多指衣服等）尺寸、大小合身，合适。‎ I tried the dress on but it didn’t fit. It was too small.‎ suit:（指衣服的）颜色、款式、花样等合适。‎ Does this skirt suit me?‎ match:意为“使相称、使匹配”，指事物在大小、色调、性质等方面的搭配。‎ Her clothes don’t match her age.‎ ‎7.make one’s way:向某地走去；make way for:让路，让位；lose one’s way：迷路；feel one’s way:摸索前进 All the traffic has to make way for a fire engine.‎ The old man felt his way in the darkness.‎ ‎8.be enthusiastic (about): 感兴趣的，热心的 He is enthusiastic about helping others.‎ ‎9.panic：vi&vt&n 惊慌，惊恐（过去分词和现在分词形式：panicked, panicking）‎ The crowd panicked at the sound of the gunfire. 那群人听到枪声后惊慌失措。‎ panic over sth:对某事感到惊慌；be in a panic:在惊慌中；get into a panic:陷入恐慌；cause a panic: 引起恐慌 ‎ ‎10.anxiety:n. 焦虑，担心；cause sb. great anxiety:使某人非常不安 His father’s words caused him great anxiety.‎ with great anxiety: 忧心忡忡的；anxious: adj. 焦虑的；be anxious about:担心……；be anxious for sth:渴望得到某物 The parents were anxious for the return of their son from America.‎ ‎11.glance through:匆匆看一遍 ‎ Can you glance through the two articles and tell me which one is better?‎ look through:浏览；search through:搜查；do through:经历；经过；get through: 完成，接通电话；break through:突破，突围 I tried ringing you many times last night but I couldn’t get through.‎ ‎12.vary from… to…由……到……不等 The weather varied form very cold to quite mild.天气变化很大，从很冷到相当暖和。‎ vary: v. (持续地)（使）变化，改变，彼此相异 Opinions on this matter vary. 在这个问题上意见不一。‎ various: adj. 许多的，各种各样的；variety: n. 多样性；a variety of/varieties of:许多，各种各样；a great/ wide diversity of:多种多样的（diversity=variety）；vary in: (在某方面)有变化；vary with:随着……而变化 There must be a wide diversity of opinions. 对此准是众说纷纭。‎ Students vary greatly in their character. 学生在性格上有很大的差别。‎ 一、 重点句型总结 1. ‎…however weak we are, we are not completely powerless.‎ however weak we are是让步状语从句。However意为“不管怎样”，在语义上相当于“no matter how”‎ He will never succeed however hard he tries.‎ ‎=he will never succeed no matter how hard he tries.‎ ‎“no matter +疑问词”和“疑问词+-ever”都意为“无论……”，都可以用来引导让步状语从句，但后者（如：whoever, whatever, whenever等）还可用于引导名词性从句。‎ I will give the book to whoever wants it. 谁想要这本书，我就把它给谁。‎ 2. Having experienced quite a few earthquakes in Hawaii already, I didn’t take much notice. 因为在夏威夷曾经经历过多次地震， 所以对此我并不在意。‎ 本句为-ing形式的完成时作状语。如果分词表示的动作先于谓语动词表示的动作发生，该分词用完成时。其否定形式是在having前加not，其被动形式是在having的后面加been+过去分词。‎ Not having met the man face to face before, I couldn’t recognize him at once.‎ 3. I was about to go back to sleep when suddenly my bedroom became as bright as day. 我刚要再睡，突然我的卧室亮如白昼。‎ be about to do sth. when…: 正要做某事，突然……；when在此相当于just at that moment.‎ be doing…when…：正在做某事，突然……‎ 4. Among the rare animals are cranes, black bears, leopards and tigers.珍稀动物有白鹤，黑熊，豹子和老虎。‎ 这是一个倒装句，表语Among the rare animals置于句首，be动词提前。当表语较短，主语较长，为了保证句子平衡，表语可前置，句子主谓也完全倒装。‎ Gone are the days when Chinese were looked down upon.‎ ‎5. When you arrive you are rewarded not only with the sight of its clear waters, but also by the view of the other sixteen mountain peaks that surround Tianchi. 你到达山顶后就会得到回报—你不仅可以看到天池清澈如镜的湖水，而且还可以看到天池四周的16座山峰。‎ not only…but also…意为“不但……而且……”，前后连接的词的词性必须对等。‎ They not only broke into his office and stole his books, but also tore up his manuscripts. ‎ not only…放在句首，后接句子时要用部分倒装结构。‎ Not only had the poor man been fined, but also he had been sent to prison.‎ not only…but also…连接两个主语时，谓语动词要遵循“就近原则”‎ Not only the students but also the teacher was invited.‎ 1. It is said that this boy, who had a great gift for languages and persuasion, is the father of the Manchu people.据说，这个男孩是满族人的祖先，他具有语言天赋和很强的说服力。‎ it is said that…“据说……”。在这一结构中it是形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的主语从句。类似的用法有：‎ it is expected that…人们预料到……‎ it is reported that… 据报道……‎ it is believed/thought that…人们认为……‎ it is hoped that…人们希望……‎ have a gift for 对……有天赋 三、重点语法总结 Grammar: Revise the –ing form ‎（一）动词-ing用法图解 作主语 动词-ing 作宾语 一般式：v-ing…，主语+谓语 动名词 作定语 完成式 作表语 Step7: 当堂导练 主动:having+p.p I. 完成句子 1. ‎________________________(很遗憾) you missed the exciting football match.‎ 被动：having been+p.p 作状语 2. ‎_________________________(据报道)16 people were killed in the accident.‎ 3. ‎____________________________(很重要) to master a foreign language.‎ 一般式：not+-ing 否定式 作表语 4. ‎_________________________(没有用处) arguing about the matter with him.‎ 现在分词 5. ‎__________________________(我从未想到) that he might be in trouble.‎ 完成式：not+having+(been)+p.p 作宾补 6. I found _______________________________________ in a week.(finish)‎ 我发现一周内完成我们的工作很难。‎ 作定语 7. ‎___________________________________ they should start early.(suggest)‎ 8. ‎_____________________________crying over spilt milk.(use)‎ ‎（二）解析动词-ing的基本用法 ‎1. 作主语：此时的-ing是动名词，看成单数，常用it作形式主语，把v-ing放于句末。常见句型有：‎ It be a waste+v.-ing;‎ It be no good/use+v.-ing;‎ There be no sense in+v.-ing;‎ There be no point in+v.-ing It is a waste of time persuading such a person to join us.‎ ‎2. 作宾语：此时的v.-ing为动名词，常出现在某些不能用不定式作宾语的动词后。如：enjoy, advise, admit, appreciate, forbid, feel like, be accustomed to等后。‎ I can’t imagine working outdoors in such a cold day.‎ ‎3. 作定语：此时的v.-ing既可以是动名词，也可以是现在分词。但动名词放在所修饰的名词前作为定语表示该名词的用途或有关的动作；而现在分词作定语则用于说明所修饰名词正在进行的动作。‎ dining room(动名词) a waiting room(动名词) a waiting man(现在分词)‎ ‎4. 作表语：此时的v.-ing既可以是动名词，也可以是现在分词。动名词作表语是对主语内容的解释，这时主语与表语位置可以互换；现在分词作表语，表明的是主语的性质与特征，主语与表语的位置不能互换。‎ Our job is playing all kinds of music.(动名词作表语)‎ ‎=Playing all kind of music is our job.‎ The music they are playing sounds exciting.(现在分词作表语)‎ What he did yesterday was amazing.(现在分词作表语)‎ ‎5. 作宾语补足语：此时的v.-ing是现在分词，主要用于以下两类动词后构成宾语补足语。‎ 感官动词，如：see, hear, feel, smell, watch, find, notice等。‎ I felt someone patting on the shoulder.‎ 使役动词，如have，keep, leave等。‎ I am sorry to have kept you waiting long.‎ The young mother left her baby crying.‎ ‎6. 作状语：此时的v.-ing是现在分词。-ing形式作状语，可以表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、行为方式、伴随状语等。‎ Crossing the road, he was run over by a car.(时间状语)‎ Not knowing Chinese, he couldn’t understand the film.(原因状语)‎ Working hard, you will pass the exam.(条件状语)‎ The children went into the classroom, talking and laughing.(伴随状语)‎ His parents died in the war, leaving him an orphan.(结果状语)‎ 补充：分词（短语）作状语时，其逻辑主语必须与句子的主语保持一致，如果不一致，必须用独立主格结构来表示，也就是在分词前面加上它自己的主语。Finding her car stolen, she hurried to a policeman for help.(分词作状语)‎ The train having gone, we had to wait another day.(独立主格)‎ ‎（三）-ing形式的完成式 主动：Having+过去分词……，主语+谓语。‎ Having answered the letter, she went on to read an English novel.‎ ‎-ing形式的完成式所表示的动作发生在句子中谓语动词所表示的动作之前。‎ 被动：（Having been）+过去分词……，主语+谓语。‎ Having been shown the lab, we were taken to see the library.‎ ‎-ing的完成被动式所表示的动作与逻辑主语之间是被动关系，发生在句中谓语动词所表示的动作之前。‎ ‎（四）-ing形式的否定式 其基本结构是：not+-ing形式(无论在完成式还是被动式里，not必须置于-ing之前)‎ Not having finished his homework, the boy was still doing it in the classroom.‎ 四、 巩固练习 I. 完成句子 ‎1.每天做相同的事，他渐渐地感到厌烦。‎ He was getting _______ ______ doing the same thing every day.‎ 1. 那场大火之后，他的房子被烧毁了。‎ After the fire, his house was ______ ____ ______ ________.‎ 2. 我看见远处的他在向我们招手。‎ I saw him waving his hand to us ____ _____ __________．‎ ‎4.他对教师的工作非常地热心。‎ He _____ __________ _______ his job as a teacher. ‎ ‎5.他总是戴着墨镜，保护他的眼镜免受阳光的伤害。‎ He always wears sunglasses to _______ his eyes _______sunshine.‎ 1. 看到警察，小偷快速逃跑了。‎ ‎_________ ________ the policeman, the thief ran away quickly.‎ ‎7. I was _______ to talk about this question ______ you interrupted me.‎ References: 1. bored/tired of 2.burnt to the ground 3.in the distance ‎ ‎4.was enthusiastic about 5.protect… from… 6.Having seen/After seeing 7.about, when II. 用括号内所给动词的正确形式填空。‎ ‎____________(live) in a southern city of China, I have never seen such a wonderful snow view.‎ ‎________ _________ _________(not grow) up yet, you’re not allowed to enter the bars.‎ ‎_____________(encourage) by the director, the actors performed wonderfully in the play.‎ ‎___________(know) all this, they made me pay for the damage.‎ The students are sitting in the reading-room, ___________(read)all kinds of books.‎ ‎___________(tire) and thirsty, they stopped to search for some water.‎ The mother ran after her naughty son, ___________(order) him to come back.‎ ‎_________ ________in the factory for nearly ten years, he is considering changing a job.‎ References 1. Living 2. Not having grown 3. Encouraged 4. Knowing 5.reading 6. Tired 7.ordering 8. Having worked 二 单元知识链接高考试题 阅读理解分类指导 主旨大意题 确定标题 概括全文主题 概括段落大意 写作目的 标题是文章的题目，它不是主题，但限定主题的范围，可表达主题，是对主题的提炼和浓缩，表现形式多为短语，尤其是名词短语。‎ 主题是文章的中心思想，是作者所要表达的中心意思，有的直接出现在文中，有的需通过综合全文的内容概括归纳得出。‎ 段落大意是指段落的中心意思。文章常由多个段落组成，共同支撑全文主题，但每段又分述不同的意思，可通过归纳、演绎等方法概括得出。‎ 作者写文章的目的有三：to express one's feelings，attitude and ideas；to affect readers；to inform readers。可细分为to introduce，describe，explain，‎ inform，analyze，express，convey，argue，encourage，praise，criticize，advocate等。‎ 解 题 技 巧 ‎1．细读文章或段落的首句、中间句和尾句，主题往往就在这些地方出现。‎ ‎2．特别关注however，but等表示转折的信息词，主题很可能就在这类词的后面出现。‎ ‎3．表示结论性的信息词如so，thus，therefore等后面通常会出现主题句。‎ ‎4．对记叙文要会根据所述事件进行归纳概括，领会其寓意，总结出文章的主题。‎ ‎5．标题是对主题句的高度概括，用词更少，简明扼要，有时会用形象化的语句。‎ ‎[典题互动示法]‎ ‎[典题1]　(2017·全国卷Ⅰ·A·节选)‎ Support Pacific Science Center Since 1962，Pacific Science Center has been inspiring a passion(热情) for discovery and lifelong learning in science，math and technology.Today，Pacific Science Center serves more than 1.3 million people a year and brings inquirybased science education to classrooms and community events all over Washington State.It's an amazing accomplishment and one we cannot achieve without generous support from individuals，corporations，and other social organizations. Visit pacificsci- encecenter. org to find various ways you can support Pacific Science Center.‎ ‎1．What is the purpose of the last part of the text?‎ A．To encourage donations.‎ B．To advertise coming events.‎ C．To introduce special exhibits.‎ D．To tell about the Center's history.‎ ‎[主旨大意题之推测写作目的。根据本段的“Visit pacificsciencecenter.org to find various ways you can support Pacific Science Center.”可知，该部分的写作目的是鼓励人们以各种方式支持太平洋科学中心，也就是鼓励人们捐款，故选A项。]‎ ‎[干扰项分析]　本段并没有为该中心做广告，故B项属于无中生有；本段也没有介绍特色展品，故C项也属于无中生有；本段虽然提到了这个中心创办于1962年，但是没有介绍它的历史，故D项属于以偏概全。‎ ‎[典题2]　(2017·全国卷Ⅰ·C)Some of the world's most famous musicians recently gathered in Paris and New Orleans to celebrate the first annual International Jazz Day.UNESCO(United Nations Educational，Scientific and Cultural Organization)recently set April 30 as a day to raise awareness of jazz music，its significance，and its potential as a unifying(联合)voice across cultures.‎ Despite the celebrations，though，in the U．S.the jazz audience continues to shrink and grow older，and the music has failed to connect with younger ‎ generations.‎ It's Jason Moran's job to help change that．As the Kennedy Center's artistic adviser for jazz，Moran hopes to widen the audience for jazz，make the music more accessible，and preserve its history and culture.‎ ‎“Jazz seems like it's not really a part of the American appetite，”Moran tells National Public Radio's reporter Neal Conan.“What I'm hoping to accomplish is that my generation and younger start to reconsider and understand that jazz is not black and white anymore.It's actually color，and it's actually digital.”‎ Moran says one of the problems with jazz today is that the entertainment aspect of the music has been lost.“The music can't be presented today the way it was in 1908 or 1958.It has to continue to move，because the way the world works is not the same，”says Moran.‎ Last year，Moran worked on a project that arranged Fats Waller's music for a dance party，“just to kind of put it back in the mind that Waller is dance music as much as it is concert music，”says Moran.“For me，it's the recontextualization.In music，where does the emotion(情感)lie？Are we，as humans，gaining any insight(感悟)on how to talk about ourselves and how something as abstract as a Charlie Parker record gets us into a dialogue about our emotions and our thoughts？Sometimes we lose sight that the music has a wider context，”says Moran，“so I want to continue those dialogues.Those are the things I want to foster.”‎ ‎2．Which of the following can be the best title for the text?‎ A．Exploring the Future of Jazz B．The Rise and Fall of Jazz C．The Story of a Jazz Musician D．Celebrating the Jazz Day ‎[主旨大意题之确定标题。文章介绍了国际爵士乐日的设立，讨论了爵士乐现在面临的问题，即未受到年轻一代的关注，且其娱乐方面的属性已经丢失，故选A项。]‎ ‎[干扰项分析]　虽然文中提到了爵士乐的衰落，但B项属于以偏概全；文中并没有讲述“一个爵士乐音乐家的故事”，故C项属于无中生有；第一段虽然提到了国际爵士乐日的设立，但是文章并不是主要介绍“庆祝爵士乐日”的，故D项属于以偏概全。‎ ‎ ‎