【英语】2018届人教版选修6一轮复习Unit5Thepowerofnature单元学案设计（25页含详细解析） 33页

‎2018届人教版选修6一轮复习Unit 5The power of nature单元学案设计 单元话题写作指导第三层级——背范文、学润色，让作文洋气十足 ‎(2013·浙江高考)请以“One Thing I’m Proud of”为题，用英语写一篇100～120个词的短文，记述一件你自己认为得意的事情。要求如下：‎ ‎1．记述事情经过；2.简要说明你感到得意的原因或从中得到的启示。‎ 注意：文章的标题已给出(不计入总词数)。‎ One Thing I’m Proud of The other day, I experienced an incident in my school, which_means_a_lot_to_me (这件事情对我意义很大。使用非限制性定语从句)．Here’s how the story goes. ‎ I was absorbed in solving a math problem in the classroom when_my_deskmate_Tom_patted_on_my_shoulder (这时，我的同桌拍了一下我的肩膀。使用并列连词when) and said, “No, you are wrong, in fact, you should do it this way！” Then he excitedly explained to me how to work out the problem in his way.After that, he added that top students in our class did the same.What_he_said (他说的话。使用what引导的主语从句) seemed to make sense, but I insisted on my own way.Worried and eager, I wanted to see whether I was right or not.Not_until_the_next_day_did_our_math_teacher_announce (直到第二天，我们的数学老师宣布。使用倒装句式) that I was the only student in our class to work out the problem correctly.How proud and delighted I was. ‎ What I learned from this incident is the significance of selfconfidence, which sometimes really can make a difference in our life.‎ One Thing I’m Proud of ‎ I still remember how I became a good table tennis player.The first day I went to high school (状语从句), I saw some of my classmates playing table tennis.Amazed at how skillful they were (形容词短语作状语), I was determined to be just as good.Later on, I often watched them carefully to learn their techniques.Then I kept practicing until I became confident enough to challenge the good players (until引导的状语从句)．At the end of the term I became one of the best players in my class. ‎ I am really proud of this experience, because it helps me realize that we all can fulfil our potential and achieve our goals through hard work (宾语从句)．It also helps me better understand the proverb “Practice makes perfect.”‎ 单元知识课前搜索 ‎(Ⅰ)单词拼写 ‎1．The research project has only been under way for three months, so it’s too early to evaluate (评估) its success.‎ ‎2．The secretary carefully filed all the documents (文件) which were all very important.‎ ‎3．His voice started to tremble (颤抖) and I thought he was going to cry.‎ ‎4．Some high school students waste precious (宝贵的) time in class typing short messages on the mobile phone.‎ ‎5．I was waving (挥手) my hand madly but he never once looked in my direction.‎ ‎6．Although this area is very poor now, its potential (潜在的) wealth is great.‎ ‎7．There was a panic (恐慌) when the building caught fire.‎ ‎8．No one can guarantee (保证) the punctual arrival of trains in foggy weather.‎ ‎(Ⅱ)用所给词的适当形式填空 ‎1．He injured his head and was unconscious (conscious) for three hours in the hospital.‎ ‎2．Mark was scolded for breaking his father’s equipment (equip)．‎ ‎3．It helps children to develop an appreciation (appreciate) of poetry and literature.‎ ‎4．We don’t know with absolute (absolutely) certainty that the project will succeed.‎ ‎5．As far as I’m concerned, he is suitable (suit) for the job.‎ ‎6．What puzzles you is actually (actual) a puzzle for many parents in China.‎ ‎(Ⅲ)语境填词(用所给词的适当形式填空)‎ ‎1．He was appointed as manager of the company. But to everyone’s surprise, he didn’t accept the appointment. (appoint)‎ ‎2．He was anxious to leave and he could not hide his anxiety.(anxious)‎ ‎(Ⅰ)写出下列短语 ‎1．burn_to_the_ground　　　　　　 全部焚毁 ‎2．make_one’s_way 前往 ‎3．glance_through 匆匆看一遍 ‎4．vary_from_...to_... 由……到……不等 ‎5．have_a_gift_for 有……的天赋 ‎6．be_home_to 是……的栖息地 ‎7．be_compared_with 与……相比 ‎8．in_the_distance 在远处 ‎9．be_about_to 即将 ‎10．take_notice 留意；注意 ‎(Ⅱ)选用上述短语填空 ‎1．After admiring the beautiful view, she made_her_way to the next destination.‎ ‎2．The building was burnt_to_the_ground due to the fireworks.‎ ‎3．The students vary_from one to another in character.‎ ‎4．I climbed the hill and saw a faint light coming from a house in_the_distance.‎ ‎5．If you want people to take_notice of you, you must make your accomplishments visible.‎ ‎6．We were_about_to go out when it began to rain.‎ ‎7．Even though he is a little boy, he has_a_gift_for playing musical instruments.‎ ‎8．He glanced_through the letter and recognized his uncle’s handwriting.‎ ‎1．Having collected and evaluated the information, I help other scientists to predict where lava from the volcano will flow next and how fast.‎ 收集和评估这些信息之后，我就帮助其他科学家一起预测熔岩接着将往何处流，流速是多少。‎ ‎[解读]　现在分词完成时作状语。‎ ‎[仿写]　回答老师的问题后，她坐下来，感到轻松多了。‎ Having_answered the teacher’s questions she sat down and felt much more relaxed.‎ ‎2．I was about to go back to sleep when suddenly my bedroom became as bright as day.‎ 我刚要再睡，突然我的卧室亮如白昼。‎ ‎[解读]　be about to do ... when ...“正要……这时……”。‎ ‎[仿写]　我正要去你家帮助你学英语，这时我叔叔来了。‎ I was_about_to_go to your home to help you with your English when my uncle came.‎ ‎3．The other two climbed down into the crater to collect some lava for later study, but this being my first experience, I stayed at the top and watched them.‎ 另外两人攀下火山口去收集供日后研究用的岩浆，我是第一次经历这样的事，所以留在山顶上观察他们。‎ ‎[解读]　this being my first experience是独立主格结构，在句中作原因状语。‎ ‎[仿写]　若全面考虑，她的建议比你的建议有价值。‎ All_things_considered,_her suggestion is of greater value than yours.‎ ‎4．It is said that this boy, who had a great gift for languages and persuasion, is the father of the Manchu people.‎ 据说这个男孩就是满族人的祖先，具有语言天赋和很强的说服力。‎ ‎[解读]　It is said that ...“据说……”，是一个固定句式。‎ ‎[仿写]　据说，只要学生返回家乡当老师，一些师范大学给他们提供免费教育。‎ It’s_said_that some normal universities offer some students free education on condition that they return to their hometown to work as teachers.‎ 单元分版块学案 一、常考词汇细点拨 ‎1．appoint vt.约定；指定(时间、地点等)；任命；委任 ‎[高考佳句]　Sam has been appointed manager of the engineering department to take the place of George.(2012·重庆高考单项填空)‎ 山姆已经被指定代替乔治的位子，担当工程部的经理。‎ ‎(1)appoint sb.as/to be ...　　　 任命某人为……‎ appoint sb. to do sth. 委派某人做某事 ‎(2)appointment n. 任命；约会 make an appointment with sb. 与某人约会 have an appointment with sb. 与某人有约会 keep/break an appointment 守/违约 ‎ ‎①Zhang Zheng was appointed (to be/as) captain of China’s first aircraft carrier “Liaoning”．‎ 张峥被任命为中国第一艘航空母舰“辽宁舰”舰长。‎ ‎②I was appointed to take charge of arranging all the activities on that day.(2011·天津高考书面表达)‎ 我被指定来负责安排那一天的所有活动。‎ ‎③I’d love to go there with you, but I_have_an_appointment_with_my_lawyer.‎ 我很想和你一起去那里，但我要约见我的律师。‎ ‎2．suit n．一套外衣；套装vt.适合；使适宜 ‎[经典例句]　If you want to go by bus, that suits me fine.(牛津P2022)‎ 要是你想坐公共汽车，那对我也合适。‎ ‎(1)suit sb.　　　　　　　　 适合某人 suit one’s needs 适合需要 ‎(2)suitable adj. 适当的；相配的 be suitable for sb./sth. 适合于某人/某物 be suitable to do sth. 适合做某事 ‎①To students, you’d better choose the activities which interest you and suit you.(2011·四川高考书面表达)‎ 对学生来说，你最好选择那些你感兴趣并适合你的活动。‎ ‎②This kind of accommodation offers an independent lifestyle and is more suitable for the longstay student.‎ 这种住宿方式提供独立的生活方式，它更适合于长期居住的学生。‎ ‎[辨析比较]　suit, match, fit 试一试　选择上述单词填空 ‎ ‎③Her shoes match_her dress; they look very well together.‎ ‎④He tried to suit his performance to the audience.‎ ‎⑤The colour of this pair of shoes suits_me very well, but it doesn’t fit_me.‎ 辨一辨　‎ suit 多指合乎需要、口味、性格、条件、地位、场合、颜色、款式等 match 多指色调、形状、性质等方面的搭配 fit 多指大小、形状的合适 ‎3．anxious adj.忧虑的；不安的 ‎[高考佳句]　Are you anxious and restless if you are separated from your mobile phone？(2011·山东高考阅读表达)‎ 不带手机你是否会感到焦虑不安？‎ ‎(1) be anxious for/about　　　　　 为……担心/担忧 be anxious to do sth. 急于做某事 be anxious for sb. to do sth. 急于让某人做某事 be anxious that ...(should) do sth. 希望……‎ ‎(2)anxiety n. 忧虑；担心；渴望 with anxiety 焦虑地 ‎(3)anxiously adv. 焦虑地 ‎①The drought had lasted several months and it made farmers anxious about the harvest.(2014·济宁一模)‎ 干旱已持续了好几个月，这使得农民很担心农作物的收成。‎ ‎②I was told the Learning Center provides help for students and I’m anxious to get help from you.(2011·新课标全国卷书面表达)‎ 别人告诉我辅导中心可以给学生提供帮助，我急于想从您那儿得到一些帮助。‎ ‎③We are waiting for the news with_anxiety.‎ 我们在焦急地等待着消息。‎ ‎4．guarantee v．保证；担保n.保证；担保；保修单 ‎[经典例句]　Take this opportunity, and I guarantee you won’t regret it.(牛津P868)‎ 抓住这个机会吧，我保证你不会后悔的。‎ ‎(1)guarantee to do sth./that ... 保证/担保做某事；确保……‎ guarantee sb. sth. 保证某人某事 be guaranteed to do sth. 肯定会做某事 ‎(2)give sb.a guarantee (that) ... 向某人保证……‎ under guarantee 在保修期内 ‎①Even if you complete your training I can’t guarantee you a job.‎ 即使你完成了培训，我也无法保证你能有工作。‎ ‎②I will guarantee to prove every statement I made.‎ 我将保证证实我的每一项声明。‎ ‎③Can you give_me_a_guarantee_that_the work will be finished on time?‎ 你能向我保证工作会按时完成吗？‎ 二、间考词汇自识记 ‎1．panic vi. & vt.惊慌 n．惊慌；恐慌 get into a panic　　　　　　　　惊慌失措 in panic 惊慌失措地 ‎①I panicked when I saw smoke coming out of the engine.‎ 我看见发动机冒烟时，吓得手足无措。‎ ‎②She got into a real panic when she thought she’d lost the tickets.‎ 她十分惊慌，以为自己把入场券丢了。‎ ‎2．wave vt.波动；挥手 n．波浪；波涛 wave to 向……挥手 wave goodbye to 向……挥手告别 Mike and I picked up our things and waved goodbye to Mrs Martin.‎ 迈克和我收拾好东西与马丁太太道了别。‎ ‎————————————————————————————‎ ‎………………………………(记的更多、更快、更长久！)‎ 请根据提示写出下列以un为前缀的高频单词 ‎1．unemployment n．　　　　 失业；失业人数 ‎2．uncover vt. 揭开；揭露 ‎3．unaware adj. 不知道；没意识到 ‎4．unbearable adj. 难以忍受的；不能容忍的 ‎5．unbelievable adj. 不可相信的；难以置信的 ‎6．uncomfortable adj. 不舒服的；不安的 ‎—————————————————————————————‎ ‎[单词对点集训]　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　‎ Ⅰ.多项选择 ‎1．The people nearby are in a state of ________ when they heard that the volcano will probably erupt in the coming days.‎ A．panic B．excitement C．interest D．disappointment 解析：选A　根据句中的“the volcano will probably erupt in the coming days”可知应用panic，意为“惊慌；恐慌”。excitement“兴奋”；interest“兴趣”；disappointment“失望”。‎ ‎2．(2014·荆州调研)Hard work is no ________ of an excellent school record.You have to adopt a flexible approach to your learning.‎ A．guarantee B．connection C．permission D．consequence 解析：选A　考查名词词义辨析。句意：努力并不能保证有一个好成绩。你必须采用灵活的学习方法。guarantee“保证；担保”，符合句意。connection“连接；联系”；permission“允许；批准”；consequence“结果；成果”。‎ ‎3．(2014·武汉模拟)He is ________ president of the local hospital so soon because he’s been working very hard and has made great progress in his field.‎ A．appointed B．claimed C．classified D．rewarded 解析：选A　考查动词词义辨析。句意：他这么快就被任命为当地医院的院长是因他工作勤奋并在他的领域取得很大进展。appoint “任命”，符合句意。claim“要求；请求；声称”；classify“分类”；reward“报答；回报”。‎ ‎4．(2014·武昌实验十月月考)Two victims of this car accident, who have gone ________ from their loss of blood, have been sent to hospital.‎ A．awkward B．unconscious C．random D．desperate 解析：‎ 选B　考查形容词辨析。句意：汽车事故的两名受害者由于失血过多而失去了知觉，被送到医院去了。awkward“尴尬的；笨拙的”。unconscious“失去知觉的；无意识的”；random“任意的”；desperate“绝望的；不顾一切的”。‎ Ⅱ.多维演练(练得更细、更全、更彻底！)‎ ‎1．suit多棱镜 ‎(1)一句多译 要找个对每个人都合适的时间很困难。‎ ‎①It’s_difficult_to_find_a_time_that_suits_everybody.(suit)‎ ‎②It’s_difficult_to_find_a_time_that_is_suitable_for_everybody. (suitable)‎ ‎(2)No matter how much money you possess, it can’t ________ a healthy body.‎ A．compare B．suit C．defeat D．match 解析：选D　考查动词辨析。句意：无论你有多少钱，它都比不上一个健康的身体。compare“比较；对比”；suit“适合”；defeat“打败；战胜”。match“与……相匹敌；和……不相上下”，符合句意。‎ ‎2．anxious点点练 ‎(1)用anxious的适当形式填空 ‎①He was anxious to know what had happened.‎ ‎②There was increasing anxiety over the outcome of the talks.‎ ‎③They are anxiously awaiting a decision.‎ ‎(2)(2014·湖北七市联考)Her adaptable mind is always open to new knowledge and ________ of others’ viewpoints, which makes her popular with her colleagues.‎ A．anxious B．tolerant C．jealous D．ambitious 解析：选B　句意：她适应性强的头脑总是乐于接受新知识，并且对别人的观点也很宽容，这一点使她很受同事们欢迎。tolerant“宽容的”；anxious“忧虑的”；jealous“嫉妒的”；ambitious“雄心勃勃的；有野心的”。‎ ‎1．make one’s way 前往 ‎[高考佳句]　And if you can stay positive as you make your way through a tough time, you’ll help yourself feel better even faster.(2012·新课标全国卷任务型阅读)‎ 如果当你经历一段困难的时光时你能保持积极的心态，你就会更快地让自己感觉好起来。‎ fight one’s way　　　　　　 奋力前进 lose one’s way 迷路 feel one’s way 摸索前进 push one’s way 挤出来 wind one’s way 蜿蜒前进 ‎①Look! Many children are making their way to the beach.‎ 看！很多孩子正往海滩走去。‎ ‎②Without experience in it, we have to feel our way.‎ 由于在这方面没有经验，我们只能摸索着前进。‎ ‎③The Great Wall winds_its_way_across north China like a huge dragon.‎ 长城像一条巨龙，在中国北方蜿蜒盘旋。‎ ‎2．vary from ...to ...由……到……不等 ‎[教材原句]　The height of the land varies from 700 metres above sea level to over 2,000 metres and is home to a great diversity of rare plants and animals.‎ 这里地面的高度由海拔700米到2 000多米不等，是多种多样的珍稀动植物的生长地。‎ ‎(1)vary in sth. 　　　　　　 (大小、形状等)不同；有别 vary with 随……变化；改变 vary between ...and ... 从……到……转变 ‎(2)various adj. 各种各样的；多姿多彩的 ‎(3)variety n. 种种；多样化 a variety of 种种 ‎①That her health varies from good to rather weak worries her family a lot.‎ 她的身体有时很好，有时又比较虚弱，这让家人很是担忧。‎ ‎②As in China, the climate in Canada varies with the area.‎ 正如中国一样，加拿大的气候也因地而异。‎ ‎③For various/a_variety_of reasons, he didn’t attend the meeting.‎ 因种种原因，他没参加会议。‎ ‎[短语对点集训]　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　‎ Ⅰ.完成句子 ‎1．Having_felt_his_way through the forest, he lost his way back home.(feel)‎ 摸索着穿过森林，他迷失了回家的路。‎ ‎2．Just like spoken language, body language varies_from_culture_to_culture.(vary)‎ 就像口语，身势语因不同的文化而变化。‎ ‎3．Changbaishan which_is_home_to a great diversity of rare plants and animals is China's largest nature reserve.(home)‎ 长白山是中国最大的自然保护区，是很多稀有动植物的家园。‎ ‎4．The whole building had_already_been_burnt_to_the_ground when we got there.(burn)‎ 当我们到达那儿时，整座大楼已被烧光了。‎ Ⅱ.多项选择 ‎1．It is obvious that the hopes, goals, fears and desires ________ widely between men and women, between the rich and the poor.‎ A．transform B．strengthen C．transfer D．vary 解析：选D　句意：很明显男人和女人，富人和穷人在希望、目标、恐惧和欲望方面有很大的不同。vary between ... and ...“由……到……的情况不等”。‎ ‎2．(2014·襄阳五中调研)Knowing that his brother is waiting for him at the station, he made his ________ there immediately.‎ A．way B．decision C．judge D．preparation 解析：选A　考查短语make one’s way。该短语意为“到某地；向某地走去”。句意：得知他的兄弟在车站等他，他立即前往那里。从题干中there一词可知A项符合语境。‎ ‎1. The other two climbed down into the crater to collect some lava for later study, but this_being_my_first_experience,_I stayed at the top and watched them.‎ 另外两人攀下火山口去收集供日后研究用的岩浆，我是第一次经历这样的事，所以留在山顶上观察他们。‎ this being my first experience是独立主格结构。其主要的构成方式如下：‎ ‎(1)名词或代词主格＋分词 ‎①Mary felt uneasy, all her classmates staring at her.‎ 所有同班同学盯着她看，玛丽感到不安。‎ ‎②When in trouble, Mary would sit alone, head bent.‎ 玛丽遇到困难时，总是独自坐着，低着头。‎ ‎(2)名词或代词主格＋不定式 ‎③More presents to_be_given,_she will find it difficult to accept.‎ 再多给她一些礼物，她就会觉得很难接受。‎ ‎(3)名词或代词主格＋形容词/副词/名词/介词短语 ‎④The meeting over, our headmaster soon left the meeting room.‎ 散会了，校长很快就离开了会议室。‎ ‎2．It_is_said_that this boy, who had a great gift for languages and persuasion, is the father of the Manchu people.‎ 据说这个男孩就是满族人的祖先，具有语言天赋和很强的说服力。‎ It is said that ...“据说……”，实际上it为形式主语，that引导的为主语从句，相当于People say that ...的意思。该结构还可以改变成sb./sth. is said to do ...结构。注意根据动词不定式和is said动作之间的时间关系，使用不定式的一般式、进行式或完成式。‎ ‎①It is said that a new shopping mall will be built in the city next year.‎ ‎＝A new shopping mall is said to be built in the city next year.‎ 据说该市明年要建一家新商场。‎ ‎②It is said that a new shopping mall is being built in the city at present.‎ ‎＝A new shopping mall is_said_to_be_being_built in the city at present.‎ 据说该市目前正在建造一家新商场。‎ ‎③It is said that a new shopping mall was built in the city the other day.‎ ‎＝A new shopping mall is said to have been built in the city the other day.‎ 据说几天前一家新商场在该市落成了。‎ It is thought that ...　　　　　　 大家认为……‎ It is believed that ... 人们相信……‎ It is hoped that ... 人们希望……‎ It is reported that ... 据报道……‎ It is wellknown that ... 众所周知……‎ It is generally considered that ... 大家认为……‎ It is supposed that ... 据推测……‎ ‎④It_was_reported_that more than 180 people had been killed in the fire.‎ 据报道，那场大火烧死了180多人。‎ ‎⑤It is hoped that the terrible disease will soon be controlled.‎ 人们希望这种可怕的疾病能迅速得到控制。‎ ‎[句型对点集训]　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　‎ Ⅰ.句型转换 ‎1．Because there was no bus, we had to take a taxi to go to the station.‎ ‎→There being no bus,_we had to take a taxi to go to the station.‎ ‎2．John is said to be one of the best teachers in the school.‎ ‎→It_is_said_that John is one of the best teachers in the school.‎ ‎3．It is reported that the tomb has been robbed of its treasures.‎ ‎→The tomb is reported to_have_been_robbed_of_its_treasures.‎ Ⅱ.完成句子 ‎1．(2014·黄石调研)Jim was listening attentively to the lecture, all his attention fixed_upon_‎ it.(fix)‎ 吉姆专心致志地听着讲座，所有注意力都集中在上面了。‎ ‎2．The girl in the photo was smiling sweetly, (with)_her_long_hair_flowing_in_the_breeze/‎ and_her_long_hair_flow_in_the_breeze.(flow)‎ 照片中的女孩在甜蜜地微笑，长发在微风中飘扬。‎ ‎3．The car burns more fuel, but taking_all_things_into_consideration/all_things_taken_into_‎ consideration,_it's still a good car.(take)‎ 这辆汽车耗油量较大，但是综合整体情况来看，它仍不失为一部好车。‎ ‎4．The April Fools' tradition is_said_to_have_started in the sixteenth century.(start)‎ 据说愚人节的传统开始于十六世纪。‎ v．ing形式 完成句子 ‎1．(2014·湖北适应性考试) Looking_back_on/upon_the_threeyear_life in the mountain village, he confirms it as a milestone in his personal development.(look)‎ 回顾在这个山村三年的生活，他确信这是他个人发展的一个里程碑。‎ ‎2．Being_trapped_in_a_traffic_jam while you are hurrying to the airport is quite an unpleasant experience.(trap)‎ 当你赶着去机场时遭遇交通阻塞是一段相当不愉快的经历。‎ ‎3．Seeing_the_blind_wandering through the traffic, motorists would have to step on their brakes at once.(see)‎ 看到盲人过马路时，汽车驾驶员不得不马上踩刹车。‎ ‎4．Devoting_himself_to_his_research on the IT technology, he soon made a breakthrough.(devote)‎ 全神贯注于他的IT业的研究，他很快就获得了突破。‎ ‎5．Having_seen_the_film_so_many_times,_I don't need to see or hear it to know what is happening now on the screen.(see)‎ 看过那部电影多次，现在屏幕上演的什么，我没必要去看或听就知道。‎ 单元综合知识运用 Ⅰ.多项选择 ‎1．—Have you heard Tom has got a promotion recently?‎ ‎—Yes, he was ________ as a manager last month.‎ A．abused　　　　　　　　　　 B．appointed C．adopted D．advocated 解析：选B　考查动词词义辨析。appoint“任命；委任”，符合句意。abuse“‎ 滥用；虐待”；adopt“采用；收养”；advocate“提倡；鼓吹”。‎ ‎2．(2014·湖北省部分学校高三第一次调考)During the interview, you should present your views very clearly, wearing a sincere and confident smile.Anyway, try to leave a(n) _____ impression on the judges.‎ A．favorable B．precious C．essential D．worthwhile 解析：选A　考查形容词辨析。句意：面试时，你应该清楚地介绍自己，面带真诚而自信的笑容，无论怎样要努力给面试官留下好的印象。favorable“肯定的；有利的”；precious“珍贵的”；essential“重要的”；worthwhile“值得的”。‎ ‎3．(2014·山东泰安市模拟)I was really ________ about you. You shouldn’t have left home without a word.‎ A．anxious B．eager C．worrying D．sure 解析：选A　考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我真的很担心你。你不该不打声招呼就离开家。be anxious about “为……担心”。eager“渴望的”；worrying“令人担忧的”；sure“肯定的”。‎ ‎4．(2014·黄石调研)According to our headmaster’s principle, all children should be encouraged to realize their full ________.‎ A．consequence B．entertainment C．presentation D．potential 解析：选D　考查名词词义辨析。句意：按照我们校长的观点，应该鼓励所有的儿童充分发挥他们的潜能。consequence“结果；后果”；entertainment“娱乐；消遣”；presentation“提供；展示”；potential“潜力”。‎ ‎5．(2014·湖北省八校二联)The combined companies’ ______of the financial support halfway means everything to us — the collapse of the whole scheme.‎ A．guarantee B．proportion C．possession D．withdrawal 解析：选D　考查名词辨析。句意：合作公司半途撤走资金支持意味着我们整个计划的破产。根据该句中“the collapse of the whole scheme”所表达的语境可知，计划破产的原因是合作公司“撤走”资金。D项意为“撤走”，符合语境，故D项正确。guarantee“保证”；proportion“均衡”；possession“占有”。‎ ‎6．(2012·浙江高考)The research lacks ________ evidence, and therefore, its conclusions are doubtful.‎ A．solid B．fierce C．severe D．potential 解析：选A　考查形容词词义辨析。句意：该研究缺乏可靠的证据，因此它的结论值得怀疑。由句意可知，solid符合语境，意为“可靠的；可信赖的”。fierce“激烈的”；severe“严重的”；potential“潜在的”。‎ ‎7．Nowadays food safety is a big problem and nobody can guarantee all foods are secure to us, but food produced in the normal companies is ________ better.‎ A．strictly B．absolutely C．relatively D．exactly 解析：选C　句意：现在食品安全是一个大的问题，没有人能够保证所有的食物对我们来说都是安全的，但是正规公司生产的食物相对来说要好一些。strictly“严格地”；absolutely“完全地”；relatively“相对地”；exactly“正好地”。‎ ‎8．(2014·湖北适应性考试)His wonderful performances ________ to all ages and social groups in China and he is also popular with people all over the world.‎ A．appear B．suit C．fit D．appeal 解析：选D　考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的精彩表演吸引了中国各个年龄段和各个阶层的人们，同时他也深受全世界人们的欢迎。appear“出现”；suit“适合”；fit“合适”；appeal“吸引”。根据句意选D。‎ ‎9．(2014·咸宁调研)The games are designed to make maths fun and ________ children’s confidence.‎ A．bring up B．take up C．build up D．break up 解析：选C　build up one’s confidence “树立某人的信心”。bring up“抚养”；take up“从事”；break up“打碎；分裂；解体”。‎ ‎10．(2014·黄石二中调研)There are ________ approaches to English teaching. But not all of them are equally efficient for our Chinese students.‎ A．variety B．accurate C．original D．diverse 解析：选D　句意：有许多英语教学方法，但它们不一定都对中国学生同样有效。variety应说成a variety of; accurate意为“准确的；精确的”； original意为“原始的”； diverse意为“不同的；多种多样的”。由句意可知选D项。‎ Ⅱ.完成句子 ‎1．(2014·咸宁调研)The two high officials' being_arrested has caused a stir among the common public.(arrest)‎ 这两个高官的被捕已经在民众中引起了轰动。‎ ‎2．(2014·湖北适应性考试) Having_spent_all_night_reading the documents, I was very tired the next day.(spend)‎ 看了一整夜的文件，第二天我倦极了。‎ ‎3．The John family is said to_have_settled_in the village as early as 1800s.(settle)‎ 据说约翰家族早在十九世纪初就已迁入了这个村子。‎ ‎4．(2014·黄冈调研)The difference in thickness and weight from the earlier version makes_the_iPad_5_more_comfortable_to_hold.(make)‎ 厚度和重量与先前版本的不同使得iPad_5拿着更舒服。‎ ‎5．(2014·武汉调研)With his_dream_coming_true,_his family continues to support him in every way.(come)‎ 尽管他实现了他的梦想，但他的家庭继续在各个方面支持他。‎ ‎6．Admitting_what_you_said,_I still think that you made a mistake.(admit)‎ 尽管我认同你所说的话，但我仍然觉得你犯了一个错误。‎ ‎7．Hardly could_I_believe it when I heard the news yesterday that more than 100 people were killed in the air crash.(believe)‎ 昨天当我听说有100多人在这次飞机失事中丧生的消息时，我简直无法相信。‎ ‎8．Comparing_Chinese_culture_with overseas cultures is a challenging job, but you will learn a lot from it.(compare)‎ 比较中国文化和海外文化是一项具有挑战性的工作，但你会从中学到很多。‎ ‎9．He must answer the question whether_to_agree_to/whether_he_agrees_to it or not.(agree)‎ 无论同意与否，他都必须回答这个问题。‎ ‎10．The great pressure and difficulty panicked_them_into_giving_it_up.(panic)‎ 巨大的压力和困难使得他们惊慌失措地放弃了。‎ Ⅲ.阅读理解 A ‎(2014·黄石调考)The World Bank estimates there are about 650 million mobile ‎ phone users in African countries south of the Sahara Desert.That is greater than the number of users in the United States and European Union.‎ Samia Melhem works for the World Bank to increase information technologies in Africa.She says mobile phones are the fastest growing technology on the continent.‎ ‎“Faster than TV, and definitely faster than electricity.More people have access to mobile phones and therefore communication.More people have Internet access today in Africa than they have access to water, clean water, or even sanitation (卫生设备)．So we can say that this has been the most significant revolution in terms of changing the African landscape and how people live their daily life.”‎ CNN television recently named seven ways of life that have been revolutionized because of mobile phones.They include political activism, education, entertainment, disaster management, agriculture and health.‎ Another area is banking.Reports say half or more of the adults in Gabon, Kenya and Sudan use mobile money.Rene Mendy sells goods in the streets of Dakar, Senegal.But he never had enough money to open a bank account.‎ Now he uses a mobile phone banking service called Orange Money.With his telephone, he can add or take out as little as one dollar.He can make payments and send money to family members who live far away.‎ Orange Money says it serves four million customers in ten countries.The World Bank’s Samia Melhem notes that the French company is facing competition from other mobile banking services.‎ ‎“The mobile banking is a huge trend.And people in the West don’t understand it, because most people have bank accounts and credit cards.It — mobile banking — is the instant possession of cash at a much lower cost.The cost is the cost of sending a message, which is almost nothing compared to what traditional transfer agents, like Western Union, would charge 10 dollars or more for a particular money transfer.”‎ ‎1．Which country or area has the most mobile phone users according to the text?‎ A．The USA.　　　　　　　　 B．European Union.‎ C．African countries. D．France.‎ 解析：选C　推理判断题。根据文章第一段的内容可知，非洲国家使用手机的数量超过美国和欧盟，由此可知C项正确。‎ ‎2．The most significant revolution refers to ________.‎ A．seven ways of life revolutionized because of mobile phones B．more people having access to clean water C．mobile phones being the fastest growing technology in Africa D．the fast development of electricity in Africa 解析：选C　推理判断题。根据文章第二段的第二句“She ... on the continent.”以及第三段的内容可知，手机成为非洲大陆上发展最迅速的科技是(改变非洲前景)最重要的变革，故选C。‎ ‎3．Most people in the West don’t use mobile banking because ________.‎ A．they have bank accounts and credit cards B．they all have much money C．mobile banking costs few dollars D．mobile banking is hard to understand 解析：选A　细节理解题。根据最后一段的第二句“And people ... credit cards.”可知，大多数西方人不用手机银行的原因是他们有银行账户和信用卡，故A项正确。‎ ‎4．The text is mainly about ________.‎ A．how people live their life in Africa B．mobile phones have changed lives in Africa C．mobile phones are the fastest growing technology D．the mobile banking is a huge trend 解析：选B　主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了手机改变了非洲人的生活，故B项正确。‎ B ‎(2014·湖北八校联考)In the United States, more and more families have turned to assisted living centers to care for their aging parents.But there may be an even better idea — one that provides a safe environment to older adults while keeping them close to loved ones.‎ In a quiet neighborhood near Washington DC, two homes sit within several meters of each other.The larger house belongs to Soc Page and her family.Behind it is a small home where her mother, Viola Baez, lives.Miz Baez’s home is a MEDCottage.These structures are built to meet the medical and safety needs of an older person.Soc Page says it was the best place for her mother.‎ The MEDCottage is small — just 28 square meters.But it has separate areas for living and bathing.There is even space for medical equipment.“There is blood pressure, pulse meters and we connect all of this to her, and it takes all of the readings and sends them directly to her doctor’s office.” There are also safety lights on the floor so Viola Baez can safely walk to the bathroom at night.The bathroom has a walkin shower and hand railings.From her own house, Soc Page can use cameras and intercom equipment to see and hear her mother.‎ Ken Dupin started N2Care, the company that builds the small homes.He wanted to help families stay together.“In nearly every other culture in the world they celebrate that, they see it as a privilege.But for whatever reason in the culture that I live in, we have resistance to that.And that’s my duty, is to change that.”‎ MEDCottages are built in Martinsville, Virginia.They are then transported and set up on the homeowner’s property (房产)．“If I have a purpose for the rest of my life, it ‎ is somehow challenging and motivating people to accept this responsibility.”‎ Ken Dupin has received more than 3,000 requests for information about MEDCottages.He hopes he can make many other families as happy in the homes as this one.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。如何能够在不和老人住在一起的情况下又能很好地照顾好老人呢？MEDCottages或许是个不错的选择。‎ ‎5．N2Care builds MEDCottages to ________.‎ A．improve the living environment B．earn a large profit and win fame C．help people care for their aging parents D．provide medical support to the elderly 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“In the United States ... an even better idea ...”可知，建造MEDCottages的目的是帮助照顾老年人。故答案C符合文意。‎ ‎6．What can we learn about the MEDCottage from Paragraph 3？　‎ A．It can meet the medical and safety needs of an older person.‎ B．An older person can get all he wants without going out of it.‎ C．Doctors can give an older person the best treatment directly.‎ D．Children can’t learn about their parents from their own houses.‎ 解析：选A　细节理解题。通读第三段可知，该段主要从居住、洗浴和医疗等方面印证了文章第二段倒数第二句“These structures ... an older person.”的意思，故答案A符合文意。‎ ‎7．What does the underlined word “it” refer to in Paragraph 4?‎ A．Families staying together.‎ B．Starting N2Care.‎ C．Building small homes.‎ D．Celebrating the culture.‎ 解析：选A　代词指代题。根据文章第四段第二句“He wanted to help families stay together.”可推知，答案A符合文意。‎ ‎8．What can be inferred from the text?‎ A．Soc Page is dissatisfied with the service of the N2Care.‎ B．The MEDCottage has been quite popular in the USA.‎ C．Ken Dupin’s goal will be easy to achieve.‎ D．Ken Dupin aims to help more families live happily.‎ 解析：选D　推理判断题。根据文章最后一段最后一句“He hopes ... as this one.”可推知，答案D符合文意。‎ 社会文化类 ‎[精读语篇](2013·辽宁高考阅读理解D)‎ ‎“Indeed，” George Washington wrote in his diary in 1785, “some kind of fly, or bug, had begun to eat the leaves before I left home.” But the father of America was not the father of bug.When Washington wrote that, Englishmen had been referring to insects as bugs for more than a century, and Americans had already created lightningbug (萤火虫)．But the English were soon to stop using the bugs in their ‎ language, leaving it to the Americans to call a bug a bug in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries.‎ The American bug could also be a person, referring to someone who was crazy about a particular activity.Although fan became the usual term, sports fans used to be called racing bugs, baseball bugs, and the like.‎ Or the bug could be a small machine or object, for example, a bugshaped car.The bug could also be a burglar alarm, from which comes the expression to bug, that is, “to install (安装) an alarm”．Now it means a small piece of equipment that people use for listening secretly to others’ conversations.Since the 1840s, to bug has long meant “to cheat”， and since the 1940s it has been annoying.‎ We also know the bug as a flaw in a computer program or other design.That meaning dates back to the time of Thomas Edison.In 1878 he explained bugs as “little problems and difficulties” that required months of study and labor to overcome in developing a successful product.In 1889 it was recorded that Edison “had been up the two previous nights discovering ’a bug’ in his invented record player.”‎ ‎[题目试做](建议用时：7分钟)‎ ‎68．We learn from Paragraph 1 that ________.‎ A．Americans had difficulty in learning to use the word bug B．George Washington was the first person to call an insect a bug C．the word bug was still popularly used in England in the nineteenth century D．both Englishmen and Americans used the word bug in the eighteenth century ‎69．What does the word “flaw” in the last paragraph probably mean?‎ A．Explanation.　　　　　 B．Finding.‎ C．Origin. D．Fault.‎ ‎70．The passage is mainly concerned with ________.‎ A．the misunderstanding of the word bug B．the development of the word bug C．the public views of the word bug D．the special characteristics of the word bug ‎[读文样板]‎ 一、理清文章脉络 本文为一篇说明文。主要介绍了bug一词的不同含义及发展过程。它可以指一个对某种活动着迷的人，也可以指一种小型机器或物体，还可以指防盗设备以及窃听设备。如今，它可以指代电脑程序或其他设计中出现的缺陷，而在爱迪生时代，它指代发明中遇到的一些困难问题。‎ 第一段：介绍bug一词的使用渊源。‎ 第二至四段：介绍bug一词的词义演变。‎ 二、破解阅读障碍 ‎(一)怎样破解生僻词汇 ‎1．bugshaped adj.虫形的 破解方法：利用合成构词法。bug(虫)＋shape (形状)＋ed(形容词后缀)＝bugshaped(虫形的)‎ ‎2．overcome v．克服 破解方法：利用合成构词法。over(副词，越过)＋ come(动词，来)＝overcome(努力地越过各种障碍而来)克服 ‎(二)怎样破解长难句 译文：但不久英国人就不在他们的语言中使用bug了，把它留给美国人使用，在19、20世纪美国人把臭虫称为bug。‎ 译文：美语bug也可以指人，即指对某项特殊活动痴迷的人。‎ ‎[解题样板]‎ ‎68.从第一段我们可以得知________。‎ 信息源 选项特征 A.美国人在学习使用bug一词上有困难 文中未提及 无中生有 B.George Washington是把昆虫称作bug的第一人 第一段第二句 颠倒是非 C.在19世纪bug一词在英语中仍然被普遍使用 第一段第四句 曲解文意 D.在18世纪英国人和美国人都使用bug一词 第一段第三句及第四句 合理推断 ‎[分析]　选D　根据“When Washington wrote that, Englishmen had been referring to insects as bugs for more than a century(当华盛顿写到此时，英国人已经把昆虫称作bug已经一个多世纪了)”。本段最后一句“But the English ...twentieth centuries.(但不久英国人就不在他们的语言中使用bug了，把它留给美国人使用，在19、20世纪美国人把臭虫称为bug。)”也告诉我们18世纪bug一词被英美两国人同时使用。‎ ‎69.最后一段中的单词“flaw”的意思是什么？‎ 信息源 选项特征 A.解释。‎ 文中未提及 无中生有 B.发现。‎ 文中未提及 无中生有 C.起源；开端。‎ 文中未提及 无中生有 D.故障；缺陷。‎ 第四段第三句 合理推断 ‎[分析]　选D　根据最后一段中的“That meaning dates back to the time of Thomas Edison.In 1878 he explained bugs as ’little problems and difficulties’”(这个含义可追溯到爱迪生时代。在1878年，他把bug解释为“小的问题和麻烦”。)可以推断出，bug如今指代电脑程序或者其他设计中需要克服的缺陷、瑕疵，故D项正确。‎ ‎70.这篇文章主要是关于________。‎ 信息源 选项特征 A.对单词bug的误解 文中未提及 无中生有 B.单词bug的发展演变 第一段及二、三、四段的首句 综合概括 C.大众对bug一词的看法 文中未提及 无中生有 D.bug一词的特殊之处 文中未提及 无中生有 ‎[分析]　选B　总结全文特别是第一段及二、三、四段的首句可知，文章主要围绕bug一词的发展过程以及不同含义来展开，故B项符合文章主旨。‎