【英语】2021届新高考英语一轮复习课时提能练北师大版：必修3Unit8Adventure作业 17页

课时提能练 15-16 课时提能练(十五) 必修 3 Unit 8 Adventure(A) 课时作业 A：基础层面 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．The murderer was observed to_quarrel (quarrel) with his neighbour in the park the other day. 2．This kind of cloth feels (feel) well and lasts (last) long. 3．They will start their project，aimed (aim) at helping the poor children to be educated in the west of China. 4．So far large quantities of information have_been_stored (store) in the computer. 5．She observed a man walking (walk) on the opposite side of the road. Ⅱ.单句改错 1．Large quantities of water has just been drunk by him.has→have 2．Should another world war break down，what would become of human beings？ down→out 3．All the equipments in the laboratory was up to date.equipments→equipment 4．I feel confusing by his offering me the two suggestions.confusing→confused 5．Dear passengers，please remain seating until the bus totally stops. seating→seated Ⅲ.选词成篇 A in order to，on one's way to，take off，stand by，get across 1．In_order_to experience Southeast Asian culture，Wei Hua and Wei Tong decide to take the plane which 2.takes_off on Sunday to Thailand.Both of them 3.stand_by their opinions，but first they must 4.get_across their ideas to their parents.So they try to persuade their parents to let them do it.5.On_their_way_to Thailand， they will meet their friend，Tom.With his help，they will have no difficulty in communicating with the local people. B turn up，break down，run out of，carry on，in turn Last week we joined a summer camp.We drove to the summer camp all the way 6.in_turn.Unluckily ， on the way our car 7.broke_down and what was worse ， we 8.ran_out_of oil.Fortunately，after a while another car 9.turned_up and it was a warmhearted driver that offered us some fuel and helped us 10.carry_on our journey. Ⅳ.完成句子 1．There_is_some_difficulty_with (有一定的难度)my understanding spoken English in Englishspeaking countries. 2．Negotiations between the two sides have_broken_down(破裂了)． 3．I'll be only_too_pleased_to (真是十分高兴)be able to do the job for you. 4．The policeman can't have the thief getting_away_with (逍遥法外)stealing people's money. 5．It_wasn't_long_before (不久)he learned to use the computer. 课时作业 B：能力层面 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A (2019·合肥市第一次教学质量检测) Panama City，Panama For beach vacations that get you out of town and invite you and your family to dive into culture，consider a trip to Panama City.Here，you will enjoy beaches and city exploring.Book your stay at the Westin Playa Bonita，where you can book a room starting at $222 a night.There are various programs，including beach Olympics， stargazing(天体观察) and Spanish lessons. Jupiter，Florida This place offers you quality time you can spend with your loved ones.Book your stay at Jupiter Beach Resort & Spa，with rates for a family of four starting at $207 a night.Here，you can shoot baskets at the basketball courts，take a dip in the pool or teach your children beach yoga. San Diego，California The West Coast is a great spot for cheap beach vacations，so tell your family to pack their bags for a visit to San Diego.A cheap $10 Uber ride from the airport will have you pull up at the Kona Kai Resort & Spa.Here，a family of four can stay in a Deluxe Guest Room starting at $159 per night.Your kids can practice cannonballs at the pool after a visit to the worldfamous San Diego Zoo. Kihei，Hawaii For west coasters who are growing bored with their background，fly to the islands of Hawaii.Stay at the Aston at the Maui Banyan，with a charge of $179 a night for a family of four.Here，you'll witness some of the best sunsets of your life while your kids play in the Pacific.And if you set about cooking a fancy meal，you'll enjoy suites that come with a full kitchen. 【语篇解读】 本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了四个旅游观光的好地方，这四个地方各 具特色，都非常值得一游。 1．Which of the following charges you least a night? A．The Westin Playa Bonita. B．Jupiter Beach Resort & Spa. C．The Kona Kai Resort & Spa. D．The Aston at the Maui Banyan. C [细节理解题。通读全文可知，四个酒店每晚的房价分别为：$222 起、$207 起、$159 起和$179，由此可知，C 项正确。] 2．What can you do at the Aston at the Maui Banyan? A．Admire beautiful sunsets. B．Visit a worldfamous zoo. C．Observe fantastic stars. D．Play some beach sports. A [细节理解题。根据 Kihei，Hawaii 部分中的“Here，you'll witness some of the best sunsets of your life”可知，游客在这里可以欣赏美丽的晚霞。] 3．What is the common feature of the four destinations? A．They all offer rooms with a full kitchen. B．They are all intended for family trips. C．They all pick up visitors from the airport. D．They all provide bike riding on the beach. B [细节理解题。根据 Panama City，Panama 部分中的“invite you and your family”； Jupiter，Florida 部分中的“with rates for a family of four”； San Diego，California 部分中的“Here，a family of four”以及 Kihei，Hawaii 部分中的“Here，you'll witness...your kids play in the Pacific”可知，这四个旅游观光地都适合家庭旅游， 因此 B 项正确。] B (2019· 潍 坊 市 统 一 考 试 )When traveling on a budget ， every dollar counts. Unfortunately，the cost of tickets alone can make a serious hole in your savings.Don't let that stop you from taking your dream vacation，though.According to Jeff Klee， CEO of CheapAir.com，there is a “sweet spot” to get the biggest bang for your buck. “The most important rule is fairly obvious：don't wait until the last minute， as that rarely works out，” he said in a statement.“But beyond that，you also want to be careful not to buy too early.” Still，that's easier said than done.Finding the most costefficient time to book is tough.Luckily，somebody did the math—so you don't have to.Data crunchers from the online travel agency CheapAir.com surveyed over 917 million fares to determine the day with the cheapest rates. Here's what they found: while prices tend to stay the same between 320 and 106 days before a trip，they start dropping at the 105day mark.That said，you might be tempted to book the moment prices drop.But hold on! You'll save even more money by booking precisely 70 days before your trip.According to CheapAir.com，you can save 48 percent of the ticket's total cost by using this trick.After that date， airfares will begin to increase again.And don't even think about booking any later than 20 days ahead of time，as prices will be soaring. So，what are you waiting for？Start planning your next dream vacation，and book accordingly.Your wallet will thank you－guaranteed. 【语篇解读】 本文介绍了购买便宜飞机票的方法和策略。 4．When can we book our plane tickets to save the most money? A．The later，the better. B．As early as possible. C．105 days before our trip. D．70 days before our trip. D [细节理解题。根据第四段的内容尤其是第四句“You'll save even more money by booking precisely 70 days before your trip”可知，旅行前第 70 天预订机票节省的钱 最多，故选 D。] 5．How much can the trick help us save if the ticket costs $400 totally? A．$48. B．$192. C．$208. D．$352. B [数字计算题。根据第四段第五句“According to CheapAir.com，you can save 48 percent of the ticket's total cost by using this trick”，并结合题干可知，原价是 400 美元的飞机票总共可以节省：$400]] 6．What's the purpose of the author in writing this text? A．To explain what a “sweet spot” is. B．To attract people to traveling by plane. C．To show the ways of booking plane tickets. D．To tell people how to buy cheap plane tickets. D [写作意图题。根据第一段第一句“When traveling on a budget，every dollar counts”和对本文的整体理解可推知，本文的主要目的在于介绍购买便宜飞机票的策略和方 法，故选 D。] Ⅱ.阅读七选五 (2019· 郑 州 一 中 入 学 摸 底 测 试 )Teenagers are especially likely to suffer loneliness.Here are some suggestions for speeding a recovery from loneliness. Reach out to others，but start small.A smile and a friendly greeting for the student behind you in line at the cafeteria won't make you best friends.__1__ It also can make it easier to interact the next time. Find a safe place to make connections.If going to the school dance makes you feel like you just don't belong，try joining a specialinterest group.Maybe it's the drama club or the marching band.__2__ Find other ways of making connections.Lonely people hunger for acceptance and friendship.Sometimes feeling accepted and liked comes more easily when you do something for others.__3__ Teach a child reading.Take notes for a disabled classmate. You might be surprised at the connections you make after reaching out to others in these ways. __4__ Loneliness is an absence of quality friendships，not of a particular quantity of friends.That's why it's important to know how to select a friend.The best friendships are those based on similar values and attitudes. You get what you expect，so expect the best.If you expect others to be friendly， you will behave in similar ways. __5__ It goes away as teens learn how to find their way through their social world and connect with others. A．But it will make you both feel pretty good. B．So consider becoming a volunteer. C．Some teens aren't so adaptable，however. D．Encourage people to be friendlier to you. E．Choose the right people. F．For most young people，loneliness is only temporary. G．Look for a group that allows you to ease gradually. 【语篇解读】 本文主要介绍了应对孤独的一些建议。 1．A [根据语境可知，空前一句和空后的“It also can make it easier to interact the next time”存在逻辑上的转折关系，所以 A 项“但是它将使你们都感到很好”符合语 境。] 2．G [根据上文“Find a safe place to make connections.If going to the school dance makes you feel like you just don't belong，try joining a specialinterest group”可推知，作者建议找一个让自己觉得舒服的团体，所以选 G 项。] 3．B [根据上文“Sometimes feeling accepted and liked comes more easily when you do something for others”可知，帮助他人会让孤独者更易被接纳和喜欢。故 B 项“因 此考虑做一名志愿者”衔接下文“Teach a child reading.Take notes for a disabled classmate”。] 4．E [根据下文“Loneliness is an absence of quality friendships，not of a particular quantity of friends.That's why it's important to know how to select a friend”可推知，选对朋友对孤独者尤其重要，他们缺的不是特定数量的朋友，而是高质量 的友谊，所以选 E 项。] 5．F [由空后的“It goes away as teens learn how to find their way through their social world and connect with others”可推知，青少年的孤独是暂时的，随着他们学会 如何通过社会阅历找到自己的道路和与他人建立关系，孤独就会不复存在，所以选 F 项。] Ⅲ.语法填空 (2019·洛阳市、许昌市质检)Lisa Bailey took her gloves off when 1.________ (take) her dog for a long walk on a winter day and didn't notice anything until that evening.She was shocked when she realized her beautiful anniversary ring was missing.She 2.________(hurry) back to look for it but couldn't find anything.Her husband kept going on a website where people sell jewelry，3.________ never found it. All that changed，however，thanks to a recent Facebook post 4.________(write) on the local police department's page.A woman police officer posted，“If anybody knows of anybody losing a diamond ring，please contact us.”One of her friends read it and wrote on it “Lisa Bailey”． The police station happened to find some unidentified 5.________(jewel) in a local pawnshop(当铺) and took them away.When Bailey learned from her friend that her ring might 6.________(find)，she couldn't believe it. The police called Bailey and asked her to describe it.She sent a picture of it to 7.________ and then they asked if she could come to the police station.When the police officer in the station 8.________ had written the Facebook post handed her the ring the next day，she was very thrilled and started to shed tears.She could wear her anniversary ring home where it belongs 9.________(final) after three years' wait. Bailey's husband had offered to replace the ring after it went 10.________ (miss)，but she refused because she thought it wouldn't be the same. 【语篇解读】 本文主要讲述了一位女士的戒指失而复得的故事。 1．taking [考查现在分词。根据语境并分析句子结构可知，此处为分词短语作时间状 语，且空处与主句主语之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，故用其现在分词形式。] 2．hurried [考查动词时态。与上文“took”呼应可知，此处是在叙述一件发生在过 去的事，故此处用一般过去时。] 3．but [考查连词。根据语境可知，前后句表示逻辑上的转折关系，故用连词 but。] 4．written [考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，动词 write 和句子谓语 changed 之间没有连词；且和其逻辑主语 post 构成动宾关系，故用其过去分词形式作定语。] 5．jewels [考查名词的单复数。jewel 是可数名词，且空前有“some”修饰可知，此 处用名词复数形式。] 6．have been found [考查动词的时态和语态。分析句子结构可知，find 和句子主语 构成被动关系，故用被动语态；且根据句意可知，此处表示对过去情况的推测，再结合空前 的“might”可知，此处应用完成时的被动语态。] 7．them [考查代词。根据语境及空后的“they”可知，此处用代词 them 作宾语。] 8．who/that [考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，在从句中作主 语，修饰表示人的先行词“the police officer”，故用 who/that 引导该定语从句。] 9．finally [考查副词。此处用副词 finally 修饰整个句子，在句子中作状语。] 10．missing [考查形容词。此处用形容词 missing 和系动词 went 构成系表结构，意 为“丢失的”。] Ⅳ.短文改错 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共 有 10 处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。 修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词； 2．只允许修改 10 处，多者(从第 11 处起)不计分。 (2019·石家庄市重点高中摸底考试)I'm more than pleasing to know that you are eager to learn Chinese.Confucius Institute may be a good choice，which is intended to the Chinese learners who they are not native.Confucius Institute provide various interesting subjects.You will learn Chinese history and traditional culture as well as Chinese written.Also，you have more chance to talk with classmates in Chinese. Besides，teachers will introduce some Chinese traditional festivals，such as the Spring Festival ， Dragon Boat Festival or MidAutumn Festival.Some relevant activities will be holding during different festivals，such as making dumplings or eating zongzi，which you can not only enjoy delicious meals but also have good knowledge of Chinese life. I hope you will find my recommendation helpful and attractive. [答案] I'm more than pleasing pleased to know that you are eager to learn Chinese.Confucius Institute may be a good choice，which is intended to for the Chinese learners who they are not native.Confucius Institute provide provides various interesting subjects.You will learn Chinese history and traditional culture as well as Chinese written writing .Also， you have more chance chances to talk with classmates in Chinese.Besides，teachers will introduce some Chinese traditional festivals，such as the Spring Festival，Dragon Boat Festival or and MidAutumn Festival.Some relevant activities will be holding held during different festivals，such as making dumplings or eating zongzi，which where you can not only enjoy delicious meals but also have ∧ a good knowledge of Chinese life. I hope you will find my recommendation helpful and attractive. 课时提能练(十六) 必修 3 Unit 8 Adventure(B) 课时作业 A：基础层面 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．From what they say，these two houses differ greatly in sizes and structures. 2．Large quantities of goods have_been_sold (sell) out since they brought down the price. 3．It's stupid to risk doing (do) anything that might lead to failure. 4．You can't imagine the difficulty he had passing (pass) the exam. 5．There's a limit to the amount of pain we can bear. Ⅱ.单句改错 1．They arrived at a farmhouse，but，to their surprise，in front of which sat a little boy crying aloud.which→it 2．He is often observed go shopping with his classmates.observed 后加 to 3．The team have been training hard in preparations for the big game. preparations→preparation 4．They are running out oil and the plane has to land on the field.out 后加 of 5．The equipments of the photographic studio was expensive. equipments→ equipment Ⅲ.完成句子 1．他们生产了一部极为卖座的新片。 They produced a new movie that_really_took_off. 2．学生们不仅向老师学习，也向同学们学习。 The pupils learn from each other as_well_as_from_teachers. 3．任何值得做的事情都应该做好。 Whatever_is_worth_doing should be done well. 4．城市间的新铁路将竣工。 The new railway between the cities is well on_the_way_to_being finished. 5．我知道我想说什么，但我难以表达清楚。 I know what I want to say but I have_difficulty_in_expressing myself. 课时作业 B：能力层面 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A (2018·南宁摸底联考)It used to be one of the world's most splendid train stations，sitting on the FrenchSpanish border—but then it fell into disrepair.Now， writes Chris Bockman，the building is showing new signs of life. The train station was built in iron and glass，complete with a hospital，a restaurant and living quarters for customs officers from both France and Spain.At the time it was nicknamed the “Titanic of the Mountains”． But after the day the station was opened in 1928 by the French president and the Spanish king，flaws quickly became obvious.The rail gauges(轨距) were different， so passengers still had to change trains.It made transporting goods too slow.In the early 1930s，as few as 50 passengers a day were using the station.And then things got worse.During the Spanish Civil War，the tunnels on the Spanish side were sealed off to prevent Republican rebels(反叛者) from bringing weapons in.Later，the French lost interest in the line.When a train derailed on the French side in 1970，that signaled that France abandoned the line. The grand building itself went to rot.The tracks rusted，the ceilings fell in with the severe winter weather and vandalism(故意破坏财物的行为) did the rest. But a few years ago the local government in Aragon decided to buy the place and restore it，claiming it was a major part of Spanish history.The French government has agreed to reopen the line on its side too.If all goes to plan，the “Titanic of the Mountains” could be back in business within five years before the end of 2022.It is reported that the massive wooden ticket counters at the station have already been restored. 【语篇解读】 本文讲述了法国和西班牙边境的一座火车站的历史变迁。 1．The following factors contributed to the shutdown of the train station EXCEPT ________. A．its poor appearance B．different gauges C．the Spanish Civil War D．slow transporting speed A [细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The rail gauges(轨距) were different，so passengers still had to change trains.”可知，轨距不同是造成火车站关闭的原因之一； 根据第三段中的“During the Spanish Civil War...bringing weapons in.”可知，西班 牙内战是造成火车站关闭的原因之一；根据第三段中的“It made transporting goods too slow.”可知，运输速度慢是造成火车站关闭的原因之一。故选项 A 不是造成火车站关闭的 原因，所以选 A。] 2．When the train station reopens，it may celebrate its ________ anniversary. A．52nd B．72nd C．94th D．89th C [推理判断题。根据第三段中的“But after the day the station was opened in 1928”和第五段中的“If all goes to plan...before the end of 2022.”可以计算出： 2022－1928＝94(年)，当其恢复使用时可以庆祝其 94 周年纪念日，所以选 C。] 3．What will probably happen to the train station? A．It will be repaired. B．It will be turned into a museum. C．It will be knocked down. D．It will be sold to the French government. A [推理判断题。根据第五段首句“But a few years ago the local government in Aragon decided to buy the place and restore it”可知，几年前阿拉贡的当地政府要购 买并且恢复该火车站。restore 意为“使恢复，修复”，所以选 A。] 4．What is the best title for the text? A．The Design of a Train Station B．The War Between France and Spain C．The History of a Train Station D．The “Titanic of the Mountains” Coming Back D [标题归纳题。根据全文尤其是第一段中的“the building is showing new signs of life”和第五段中的“If all goes to plan，the ‘Titanic of the Mountains’ could be back”可知，选项 D 能够概括全文，所以选 D。] B (2019·沈阳质量监测一)Encouraging life to boom (兴旺) in the middle of a desert is no easy task.But one company in the United Arab Emirates has come up with a plan to provide drinking water for the state's citizens.The company intends to drag icebergs from Antarctica to the gulf coast in order to harvest its fresh water. The company plans to source the massive blocks of ice from Heard Island，around 600 miles off the coast of mainland Antarctica.It will then transport them around 5,500 miles to Fujairah，one part of the UAE.One iceberg could provide enough water for one million people over five years，according to the company. The company's director says they have already travelled the transportation route and checked the possibility of the scheme，according to reports in Gulf News. Speaking to the site about what he is calling the UAE Iceberg Project，Abdullah Mohammad Sulaiman Al Shehi said，“We have made the technical and financial plan.We will start the project at the beginning of next year.We want it mainly for the water.It could also be good for tourism and the weather.” The UAE is one of the driest countries in the world，due to its extremely arid climate，which receives less than four inches of rainfall per year.Despite that， it consumes more water than double the global national average，putting the country at severe risk of droughts over the next 25 years. An average iceberg contains more than 20 billion gallons of water，according to the company.The iceberg takes a long time to melt as 80 percent of it is under the water，while the white ice above reflects sunlight and deflects(使转向) its heat.Blocks of ice will be placed in giant tanks，before being processed.“This is the purest water in the world，”Mr Al Shehi added. 【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了阿联酋有一家公司计划把南极洲的冰山 运到附近的海湾，以解决国内的缺水问题。 5．What can we learn about the UAE project? A．It will help the UAE harvest fresh water. B．It will encourage life to boom in Antarctica. C．It will put the UAE at severe risk of droughts. D．It will completely change the climate in the UAE. A [细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“The company intends to...its fresh water.”可知，这个项目会给阿联酋带来淡水，故选 A 项。] 6．Where could the block of ice come from? A．The Atlantic Ocean. B．Fujairah. C．The Gulf. D．Heard Island. D [ 细 节 理 解 题 。 根 据 文 章 第 二 段 中 的 “The company plans to...mainland Antarctica.”可知，这个公司计划从 Heard Island 上获取冰山。source 在本句中表示 “从……获得”。] 7．Which of the following may NOT benefit from the project? A．The local people. B．Antarctica. C．The weather. D．Tourism. B [细节理解题。根据文中第二段中的“One iceberg could provide enough water for one million people over five years”和第三段中的“It could also be good for tourism and the weather.”可知，冰山可以为人们带来淡水，这个项目对旅游业和天气也有利，结 合题目要求可知选 B 项。] 8．The author mentions the nature of ice in the last paragraph to show________. A．the process of the project B．the possibility of the plan C．the purpose of the company D．the comments on the scheme B [推理判断题。根据最后一段中提到的冰山含有大量的水且融化需要很长时间，再结 合“Blocks of ice will be placed in giant tanks，before being processed.”可以推 知，作者在该段提及冰的特性意在表明该计划的可实施性，故选 B 项。] Ⅱ.阅读七选五 (2019·长沙名校第二阶段测评) How to Retain(保存) More of Every Book You Read In recent years，I have focused on building good reading habits and learned how to read more.For most people，the final goal of reading a nonfiction book is to actually improve their life by learning a new skill，understanding an important problem，or looking at the world in a new way.__1__ With that in mind，I'd like to share three reading comprehension skills that I use to make my reading more productive. ·Make all of your notes searchable. Having searchable book notes is important for returning to ideas easily.__2__ An idea is only useful if you can find it when you need it.There is no need to leave the task of reading comprehension merely up to your memory. ·__3__ When you go to the library，all of the books will be divided into different categories.In the real world，of course，knowledge is not separated into neatly defined boxes.__4__ For that reason，I try to consider how the book I'm reading is connected with all of the ideas that are already inside my head.Whenever possible， I try to combine the lessons I'm learning with previous ideas. ·Summarize the book in one paragraph. __5__ It forces me to review my notes and consider what is really important about the book.In many cases，I find that I can usually get just as much useful information from reading my oneparagraph summary and reviewing my notes as I would if I read the entire book again. A．Combine thoughts as you read. B．All knowledge is interconnected. C．Describe the book to your friends. D．Read widely if you want to practice the skills. E．It increases the chances that you will apply what you read in real life. F．Once I finish a book，I challenge myself to summarize the text in just three sentences. G．It's important to read books，but it is just as important to remember what you read and use it. 【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。分别从记笔记、边阅读边思考以及归纳三方面说明 如何提高阅读效率。 1．G [根据空前的内容可知阅读能改善人们的生活，再根据后面一句中的“to make my reading more productive(使得阅读更有效率)”可知，G 项“阅读很重要，而记住所阅读 的东西并利用它同样重要”符合语境。另外，后面 With that in mind 中的 that 指代 G 项 内容。] 2．E [根据语境可知，有可查阅的读书笔记对于轻松地回想起书中的思想很重要，这 增加了你将读到的东西运用到现实生活中的可能性。E 项中的 It 指代 Having searchable book notes。] 3．A [根据此段的最后一句“Whenever possible，I try to combine the lessons I'm learning with previous ideas.”可知，作者建议读书的过程中要学会整合思想，故 A 项 与此处匹配。] 4．B [根据空前一句“In the real world，of course，knowledge is not separated into neatly defined boxes.”可知，现实生活中，知识当然不是独立地安放在各种整齐、 清晰界定的箱子里，所有的知识都是交融的，故 B 项与此处匹配。空后的“connected with” 也是暗示。] 5．F [根据本段标题句 Summarize the book in one paragraph.中的关键词 Summarize 可知，F 项中的“I challenge myself to summarize the text in just three sentences” 与标题信息相吻合。] Ⅲ.语法填空 (2019·福州质量检测)The Year of the Dog began on Feb.16,2018 according to the Chinese lunar calendar.Though dogs 1.________(see) as companions and part of the family today ， China and Western countries do not have the same cultural 2.________(belief) about dogs. In Chinese，some words 3.________(concern) dogs don't have very good meanings， such as “No ivory(象牙) can come out of a dog's mouth”．But in English，the situation is 4.________(differ)．“Every dog has his day” describes a person with a period of good fortune and “work like a dog” is used 5.________ (describe) a hard worker. The doghuman relationship goes right 6.________ to the beginnings of Western civilization，and the friendship between humans and dogs was a common subject for artists. 7．________fact，people were close to dogs in a way they weren't close to cows， pigs or even horses.Farmers worked 8.________(close) with dogs.But even after science came to agriculture and dogs lost 9.________(they) traditional roles，the relationship between humans and dogs remained. Nowadays millions of people keep dogs as pets.People feed them，take them on holidays 10.________ look after them.In return，dogs are loyal (忠诚的) in a way that friends sometimes aren't.This loyalty is the origin of the English saying， “A dog is man's best friend.” 【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文，以狗年入题，介绍狗在中西方文化中的不同意义。 1．are seen [考查时态和语态。根据上下文可知，这里是对常识性知识的介绍，故用 一般现在时，see...as...表示“把……看作是……”，这里动词 see 与主语 dogs 构成被动 关系，故用 are seen。] 2．beliefs [考查名词单复数。句意：关于狗，中国和西方国家并没有相同的观点。 此处 belief 为可数名词，表示复数概念，故填 beliefs。] 3．concerning [考查介词。此处应用介词 concerning，表示“关于，涉及”。] 4．different [考查形容词。空处充当表语，说明主语的性质，故用所给词的形容词 形式，故填 different。] 5．to describe [考查非谓语动词。be used to do sth.“被用来做某事”是固定搭 配，故填 to describe。] 6．back [考查副词。根据空后的 the beginnings 可知，空处应填 back，go back to“追 溯至”。] 7．In [考查固定短语。in fact 表示“事实上”，为固定短语，故填 In。] 8．closely [考查副词。空处修饰动词 worked，故用副词形式。close 作副词时表示 “不远地，接近地”；closely 为副词，表示“密切地，在很大程度上地”。根据语境可知， 空处应填 closely。] 9．their [考查代词。根据语境及空后的 traditional roles 可知，空处应填形容词 性物主代词。] 10．and [考查连词。本句中 feed，take 和 look after 是并列谓语，如果三个或三个 以上的谓语动词并列，在最后两个动作之间用 and 连接，其他的用逗号分开，因此这里用连 词 and。] Ⅳ.短文改错 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共 有 10 处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。 修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词； 2．只允许修改 10 处，多者(从第 11 处起)不计分。 (2019·成都诊断)One of the biggest cultural difference I noticed while I was in London was why the people of London conducted themselves.It seemed that they took many pride in their country.I also notice that they always seemed to dress well， and always had their hair and makeup do.I don't think I saw one person in sweat pants during their whole trip！At times I found it harder to make the change being in the US to being in London.I've found out that Americans are loud！Even at the pubs and clubs in London，I felt like that we were a loudest ones! [答案] One of the biggest cultural difference differences I noticed while I was in London was why how the people of London conducted themselves.It seemed that they took many much pride in their country.I also notice noticed that they always seemed to dress well，and always had their hair and makeup do done .I don't think I saw one person in sweat pants during their my whole trip！At times I found it harder hard to make the change ∧ from being in the US to being in London.I've found out that Americans are loud！Even at the pubs and clubs in London，I felt like that we were a the loudest ones!