【英语】2019届人教版高考一轮复习之作文专题：循序写作7 4页

第七周　灵活好用的名词性从句 名词性从句是高中阶段重要的语法项目之一，也是写作中常用的高级表达。它包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。‎ 一、名词性从句的连接词 ‎1．从属连词引导的名词性从句 名词性从句的从属连词在从句中只起连接作用，不作成分，主要包括that, whether/if。‎ ‎①(2018·浙江6月高考读后续写)I wondered if we could find the original track.‎ 我不知道我们能否找到原来的路。‎ ‎②(2017·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)I wish that you could grasp this opportunity to learn traditional Chinese culture further.‎ 我希望你能抓住这次机会进一步地学习传统中国文化。‎ ‎2．连接代词引导的名词性从句 名词性从句的连接代词在从句中起连接作用，并在从句中充当主语、表语、宾语、定语，主要包括what, which, who, whom, whose, whatever, whoever, whomever, whichever。‎ ‎①(2017·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)To start with, what I intend to stress is that we are about to start our next lesson in Classroom 8 of the Teaching Building at 10：00 a．m.next Friday.首先，我想强调的是下周五上午十点钟我们将在教学楼的8号教室开始我们的下节课。‎ ‎②Whoever is interested in making small inventions can join in it. 对小发明感兴趣的任何人都可以参加。‎ ‎3．连接副词引导的名词性从句 名词性从句的连接副词在从句中起连接作用，并在从句中充当状语，主要包括how, when, why, where, however, whenever, wherever。‎ ‎①(2018·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)When you are enjoying the meal, keep your voice low and pleasant，which is where you should pay attention.当你享受这顿饭的时候，保持声音低且愉快，这是你应该注意的地方。‎ ‎②(2018·北京高考书面表达)Then I showed them how to make tea.‎ 然后我展示给他们怎样泡茶。‎ ‎[即时演练]　用适当的连接词填空 ‎1．(2017·天津高考满分作文)By the way, it's my sincere hope that you can spare some time for a visit to Tianjin again.‎ ‎2．(2016·浙江10月高考满分作文)I wonder if you could give me some advice.‎ ‎3．(2015·安徽高考书面表达)If I could interview him, I would ask him what made him an astronaut and how he was trained.‎ ‎4．(2015·四川高考满分作文)Listening and speaking is where my weakness lies when it comes to English.‎ ‎5．(2014·浙江高考书面表达)What we need most are popular science books.‎ 二、名词性从句的写法 在写作中，如果我们能够把两个简单句合并为一个含有名词性从句的复合句，或者把一个简单句扩展成为含有名词性从句的复合句，对写作都是一种质的升华。‎ 名词性从句在写作时可采用“三步法”：‎ ‎[示例]‎ 第一步：写出两个简单句。‎ ‎①He said a lot at the meeting.‎ ‎②His words were very reasonable.‎ 第二步：让句①作主语从句，可转换为“他在会上所说的话”，即what he said at the meeting。‎ 第三步：把句①转换的主语从句和句②连在一起。‎ What he said at the meeting was very reasonable. ‎ ‎[即时演练]　用名词性从句将下列每组简单句合并为一个复合句 ‎1．When did you enter the room？The police want to know it.‎ The_police_want_to_know_when_you_entered_the_room.‎ ‎2．This is my decision. All of us are to start at 6 o'clock tomorrow morning.‎ My_decision_is_that_all_of_us_are_to_start_at_6_o'clock_tomorrow_morning.‎ ‎3．Shall we go picnicking tomorrow? It depends on the weather.‎ Whether_we_shall_go_picnicking_tomorrow_depends_on_the_weather.‎ ‎4．Our women volleyball team had won the championship.The news encouraged us all greatly.‎ The_news_that_our_women_volleyball_team_had_won_the_championship_encouraged_us_all_greatly.‎ 三、名词性从句的常用句型 ‎1．A is to B what C is to D　A对B而言正如C对D一样 A book is to the mind what food is to the body.‎ 书籍对于心灵而言正如食物对于身体一样。‎ ‎2．What impresses/surprises/shocks ... sb. most is that ...最令某人印象深刻/吃惊/震惊的是……‎ In addition, what may interest you most is that I am really nervous and upset when taking the exam.‎ 另外，可能最使你感兴趣的是，考试时我真的既紧张又烦躁。‎ ‎3．It is＋important/necessary/strange ... that ...重要的/必要的/奇怪的是……‎ However, it is important that we never lose the enthusiasm to keep on trying.‎ 然而，重要的是，我们从来没有丧失过继续努力的热情。‎ ‎4．I wonder whether/if ... 我想知道是否……‎ I am wondering if you could tell me more about this activity.我想知道你是否能告诉我有关此活动的更多的信息。‎ ‎5．The chances are (that) ... 很可能……‎ If you go into a school or university everywhere, the chances are (that) you will see students in Li Ning tracksuits with the familiar logo.‎ 如果你走进任何一个地方的中学或大学校园，都有可能看到穿着印有李宁那个熟悉标志运动服的学生们。‎ ‎6．That/This/It is why/because ... 那/这就是为什么/因为……‎ I read about your reform of the school English newspaper, and that's why I'm writing to voice my opinion.‎ 我获悉了你对英语校报的改革方案，那就是为什么我写信发表观点的原因。‎ ‎7．The reason why ... is that ... ……的原因是……‎ The reason why he wasn't admitted into a key university was that his grades were too low.‎ 他没有被重点大学录取的原因是他的分数太低了。‎ ‎8．Sb. holds the belief/view that ... 某人(坚定地)持有某种观点……‎ Most people hold the belief that education can change one's fate.多数人(坚定地)持有这样的观点，教育能改变人的命运。‎ ‎9．No one can deny the fact that ... 谁也不可否认的事实是……‎ ‎(2018·江苏高考书面表达)No one can deny the fact that such ratings do bring convenience to consumers.谁也不可否认的事实是，这样的排名确实能给消费者带来方便。‎ ‎10．It is/was no surprise/wonder that ... ……不足为怪 She is warmhearted, so it is no surprise/wonder that she always helps those who are in trouble.‎ 她是一个热心肠的人，因此她经常帮助那些处于困境中的人们就不足为怪了。‎ ‎11．An advantage of ... is that ...……的优点是……‎ An advantage of using the solar energy is that it won't create/produce any pollution.‎ 使用太阳能的优点是它不会制造任何污染。‎ ‎[即时演练]　补全句子 ‎1．谁也不可否认的事实是，自信可以在黑暗中给你光明。‎ No_one_can_deny_the_fact_that selfconfidence gives you light when you are in the dark.‎ ‎2．我想知道学校是否能够放置更多的垃圾箱并制定特殊规则来制止这种行为。‎ I_wonder_if/whether the school could place more dustbins and set up special rules against such behaviour.‎ ‎3．使我最惊奇的是，这个瘦弱的女孩竟然获得了三枚金牌。‎ What_surprised_me_most_was_that the thin girl should have won three gold medals.‎ 四、名词性从句写作时的注意事项 ‎1．that还是what?‎ What we need is more time.‎ 我们需要的是更多的时间。(what引导主语从句且在从句中作宾语)‎ That we need more time is very clear. ‎ 我们需要更多的时间是很明显的。(that引导主语从句且在从句中不作成分)‎ ‎2．that还是whether?‎ That we are invited to the concert this evening is good news to us.‎ 我们被邀请参加今晚的音乐会，这对我们来说是个好消息。‎ Whether we are invited to the concert this evening is still unknown.‎ 我们是否被邀请参加今晚的音乐会尚不得而知。‎ ‎3．wh还是whever?‎ Whoever breaks the traffic rules should be punished.‎ 无论是谁违反了交通规则都应该受到惩罚。‎ Who broke the window last night is still unknown.‎ 昨晚谁打坏了窗子仍不得而知。‎ ‎[即时演练]　单句语法填空 ‎1．That he failed in the exam made his parents puzzled.‎ ‎2．Whether the sports meeting will be held on time depends on the weather.‎ ‎3．I will give this dictionary to whoever wins the first prize in the English contest.‎ ‎[综合演练提能]‎ Ⅰ.用名词性从句补全句子 ‎1．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)相信这是一个你不容错过的好机会。‎ It_is_believed_that_it_is_an_excellent_opportunity that you mustn't miss.‎ ‎2．(2018·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)然后消息传来我们学校将放映一部英文短片，它是一部关于我们学校历史的纪录片。‎ Then came the news that_an_English_short_film_will_be_shown_in_our_school,_which is a documentary on the history of our school.‎ ‎3．(2018·北京高考书面表达)这就是为什么我建议你申请北京大学，中国最好的大学之一。‎ That_is_why_I_suggest_you_apply_for Peking University, one of the best universities in China.‎ ‎4．使我印象最深的是，他们都经过了专业培训。‎ What_impressed_me_most was that they all had received professional training.‎ ‎5．我想知道你能否给我提供一些如何交友的建议。‎ I_wonder_if/whether you can give me some advice on how to make friends.‎ Ⅱ.请按以下内容要点写一篇有关Jenny的英语短文，尽可能多地使用名词性从句。‎ ‎1．大家都知道Jenny是位有名的作家，但没有人知道她来自何处，而且她是否出生于1961年仍然是个谜。‎ ‎2．大家对她的了解是穷人都喜欢她，因为她总是帮助那些急需钱的人。‎ ‎3．Jenny很慷慨而且乐于助人，但有些人认为她想出名。‎ ‎4．Jenny说她不明白为什么他们那么心胸狭窄，但别人怎么想对她无所谓，她只是想做自己认为正确的事。‎ ‎5．我认为那就是生命意义之所在。‎ 参考范文：‎ Everyone knew that Jenny was a famous writer, but no one knew where she came from and whether she was born in 1961 was still a mystery. What they did know was that she was loved by poor people because she always helped whoever was in need of money. Jenny was generous and helpful, but some people thought she was chasing fame. Jenny said she didn't understand why they were so narrowminded, but it didn't matter what others would think of her. She just wanted to do what she thought was right.‎ I think that is where the meaning of life lies.‎