2020届译林版高中英语复习选修6学案：Unit2Whatishappinesstoyou 27页

Unit 2 What is happiness to you?‎ 一、课前基础自查 ‎(一)分类记单词——省时高效 Ⅰ.阅读单词(知其意)‎ ‎1．junior adj.　　　青少年的；地位(或职位、级别)低下的 ‎2．severe adj. 严重的；严厉的，严格的；艰巨的 ‎3．temporary adj. 短暂的；暂时的 ‎4．allocate vt. 分配 ‎5．adequate adj. 足够的；合乎需要的 ‎6．mature adj. 成熟的 vi. 成熟；使充分发展 ‎7．vivid adj. 清晰的，生动的，鲜明的 ‎8．handy adj. 易使用的；便利的 ‎9．depth n. 最深处；深度；深厚 ‎10．ache vi.& n. 疼痛 ‎11．procedure n. 步骤，程序 Ⅱ.重点单词(写其形)‎ ‎1．directly adv. 径直地；直接地 conj. 一……就……‎ ‎2.predict vt.　　　　　预言，预告，预报 ‎3．assist vt. 帮助，协助 ‎4．advocate vt. 拥护；支持；提倡 ‎5．quit vt.& vi. 停止；放弃；离开 ‎6．instant adj. 即食的，方便的；立刻的 ‎ n. 瞬间，片刻 ‎7．obey vt.& vi. 服从，听从，顺从 ‎8．talent n. 天资，天赋；天才 ‎9．rebuild vt. 重建；改建 ‎10．outstanding_adj. 优秀的，杰出的，出色的 ‎11．thankful adj. 感激的，感谢的 ‎12．apart adv. 分开，分离 ‎13．sorrow n. 悲伤，悲痛 ‎14．parttime adj.& adv. 部分时间的(地)；兼职的(地)‎ ‎15．uncertain adj. 无把握的，不确定的 ‎16．instructor n. 教练；导师 ‎ Ⅲ.拓展单词(通其变)‎ ‎1．surround vt.环绕，围绕→surrounding adj.周围的→surroundings n．环境，周围的事物 ‎2．suffering n．疼痛，痛苦；折磨→suffer vi.& vt.遭受；忍受 ‎3．appreciation n．感激，感谢；欣赏；理解；(艺术方面的)鉴定，评估→appreciate vt ‎[语境活用]‎ ‎1．The children in the mountain village have no entertainment,_so their teachers often tell entertaining stories to entertain them after class.(entertain)‎ ‎2．We went to the gallery last weekend and all the artists were very admirable. In other words, we admired the artists for their ‎ ‎.欣赏；感激 ‎4．accomplish vt.完成，实现→accomplishment n．完成，实现 ‎5．adapt vi.& vt.(使)适应；改编→adaptation n．适应；改编；改编本，改写本 ‎6．admirable adj.令人钦佩的，令人羡慕的，值得赞美的→admire vt.钦佩；赞赏；仰慕→admiration n．钦佩；赞赏；羡慕 ‎7．unbearable adj.无法忍受的→bearable adj.可忍受的→bear vt.承受；忍受；承担 ‎8．accompany vt.陪伴，陪同；伴随；为……伴奏→company n．公司；陪伴；同伴，伙伴 ‎ ‎9．entertainment n．娱乐活动；娱乐；招待，款待→entertain vt.使快乐；招待，款待→entertaining adj.有趣的，使人愉快的 ‎10．motivation n．动力，动机→motivate vt.激励，激发；成为……的动机→motivated adj.积极的，主动的 admirable skills.(admire)‎ ‎3．Once upon a time, there was a king who was very polite to surrounding countries living in a castle surrounded by tall trees and with wonderful surroundings.(surround)‎ ‎4．Though the task was hard, we managed to accomplish it in time. We felt a positive sense of accomplishment.(accomplish)‎ ‎5．Most people think a certain amount of stress is vital to provide motivation and give purpose to life and it is generally accepted that people are motivated by success.(motivate)‎ ‎6．The film is adapted from his story. It mainly tells us his quick adaptation to the new environment, and in fact, at first he thought he couldn't adapt himself to the changed environment.(adapt)‎ ‎7．Though they appreciated her help, she thought that their appreciation seemed not to be enough.(appreciate) ‎ ‎(二)练中记短语——记牢用活 写准记牢 语境活用(选用左栏短语填空)‎ ‎1.apart_from　远离，和……不在一起；除了 ‎2．in_good_spirits 心情好 ‎3．go_after 追求；谋求；追赶 ‎4．on_one's_own 独自，单独；独立地 ‎5．head_for 朝……方向(地方)行进，前往 ‎6．at_that_point 在那时；在那个阶段 ‎7．in_a_rush 匆忙地，急切地 ‎8．adapt_(oneself)_to 适应 ‎9．be_accompanied_by 伴随有；附有，带着 ‎10．to_one's_relief 令某人欣慰的是 ‎11．cheer_up 高兴起来，振作起来 ‎12．feel_caught_between_... 在……之间感到左右为难 ‎13．ahead_of 在……前面；早于 ‎14．for_example 例如 ‎15．focus_on 集中(注意力、精力等)于；聚焦于 ‎16．assist_sb._with_sth. 帮助某人做某事 ‎17．be_full_of 充满 ‎18．believe_in 信任，相信 ‎1.Now that I live on_my_own,_I get to deal with my duties without being told to.‎ ‎2．Having settled in that remote area, the young man quickly adapted_to the weather.‎ ‎3．Apart_from industrial use, plastics have found wide application in our daily life. ‎ ‎4．Before the party had been going half an hour, everyone was in_good_spirits. ‎ ‎5．I do hope she can cheer_up and accept the challenge of life bravely.‎ ‎6．Go_after your goals and don't be afraid to ask for assistance.‎ ‎7．Much to_our_relief,_all the difficulties were overcome by us through our efforts.‎ ‎8．Spreading her wings, the bird headed_for the island. ‎ ‎9．When you believe in somebody, don't be in_a_rush to change your mind.‎ ‎10．If we had been spotted at_that_point,_I don't know what would have happened to us.‎ ‎11．When you travel to Japan, there will be much for you to learn about ahead_of time.‎ ‎(三)仿写明句式——以用为本 教材原句 句式解读 句式仿写 ‎1.By the time she competed in the gymnastics tournament at the New York Goodwill Games, she had been a junior gymnast for eleven years.‎ 到参加纽约友好运动会的体操锦标赛时，她已经是一名有着十一年经验的体操小将了。‎ by the time意为“到……时为止”，常与完成时态连用。‎ ‎ (2017·天津高考满分作文)到上学期结束时，我几乎已经学完了所有的大学课程。‎ By_the_time last term ended, I had_almost_finished all my college courses.‎ ‎2.It feels like allocating adequate time for each is just not practical.‎ 要给每件事分配足够的时间，似乎是不切实际的。‎ it feels like ...意为“似乎，感觉好像……”。‎ 感觉好像春天来了。‎ It_feels_like spring is coming.‎ ‎3.All I had to do was go to school and spend a few hours studying when I came home.‎ 我要做的事情就是上学，以及回家后再学习几个小时。 ‎ 省略to的不定式作表语：当主语部分含有实义动词do的某种形式时，作表语的动词不定式常省略to。‎ 每天早晨我所做的第一件事就是进行充分的体育锻炼。‎ The first thing I do every morning is_take_plenty_of_exercise.‎ 二、课堂重点深化 ‎1．surround vt.包围，围绕，环绕 ‎ ‎　[自主体验]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①I came to realize that the key to success lay in trying to surround myself with creative people.‎ ‎②Standing in the watchtower, we admired the surrounding (surround) scenes.‎ ‎③She was faced with a new job, in unfamiliar surroundings (surround) with strange people.‎ 完成句子 ‎④Surrounded_by_the_forest (被森林包围着), the village looks very beautiful.‎ ‎⑤In a word, you are welcome to our school and I hope you can adapt to the new surroundings (适应新环境) soon.‎ ‎　[系统归纳]‎ ‎(1)surround oneself with sb.　 使自己身边围绕某人 be surrounded by/with ... 被……包围 ‎(2)surrounding adj. 周围的 surroundings n. 环境(指周围的具体的物质环境)‎ ‎　[重点强化]‎ 易错处处防 ‎⑥The author of the book provided strong evidence that a child's surrounding matter more than his genes.surrounding→surroundings 佳句时时写 ‎⑦(2013·江苏高考书面表达)在图1中，一名男子正试图在被树桩(stump)包围的孤树上张贴横幅，但徒劳无功。‎ In_Picture_1,_a_man_is_trying_to_put_up_a_banner_on_a_lonely_tree_surrounded_by_stumps,_but_in_vain.‎ ‎2．adapt vi.& vt.(使)适应；改编 ‎　[自主体验]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①All in all, I hope you can adapt yourself (you) to the new environment and we can become good friends.‎ ‎②Adapted from J．K. Rowling's book series of the same title, the Harry Potter movies are universally acknowledged as classics.‎ ‎③Mike, Mary and I had a discussion about the adaptation (adapt) of the classic literature yesterday.‎ ‎④Most of these tools have been specially adapted for use by disabled people.‎ ‎　[系统归纳]‎ ‎(1)adapt (oneself) to　　　　 (使……)适应于 adapt ... from ... 根据……改编……‎ be adapted for ... 为……而改写/改编 ‎(2)adaptable adj. 能适应的；可修改的 adaptation n. 适应；改编；改写本 ‎　[重点强化]‎ 易错对对碰(adapt/adopt)‎ ‎⑤The world will be different, and we will have to be prepared to adapt to the change.‎ ‎⑥Many people adopted the orphans who lost their families in the earthquake.‎ 佳句时时写 ‎⑦(2014·江西高考书面表达)对你们所有新生来说，如何使自己适应新的环境是你们必须面对的第一件事。‎ To_all_of_you,_fresh_students,_how_to_adapt_yourselves_to_the_new_environment_is_the_first_thing_that_you_have_to_face.‎ ‎[名师指津]　注意adapt与adopt在拼写和意思上的差别。adopt 意为“采纳；收养”。‎ ‎3．advocate vt.拥护；支持；提倡n.提倡者，拥护者 ‎　[自主体验]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①Many experts advocate reducing (reduce) the amount of children's homework and also advocate that children (should)_be_given (give) more free time.‎ ‎②She has always been an advocate of/for changes to English spelling, to make it easier to learn.‎ ‎③It is advocated that webbased selfaccess learning should be integrated into college courses.‎ ‎　[系统归纳]‎ ‎(1)advocate (doing) sth.　　 提倡/拥护/支持(做)某事 主张……[从句谓语动词用 ‎ “(should＋)动词原形”]‎ ‎(2)be an advocate of/for ……的提倡者/拥护者 ‎　[重点强化]‎ 易错处处防 ‎④Do you advocate to ban cars in the city centre？to_ban→banning 佳句时时写 ‎⑤(2011·四川高考书面表达)有人主张学校应为学生组织更多的活动，通过减少学生的家庭作业，让学生有更多的时间参加活动。‎ It_is_advocated_that_schools_should_organize_more_activities_for_students_and_leave_students_more_time_for_activities_by_giving_them_less_homework.‎ ‎4．accompany vt.陪伴，陪同；伴随；为……伴奏 ‎　[自主体验]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①I don't think it's necessary for parents to accompany their children to college.‎ ‎②While she was singing on the stage, her mother was accompanying her on/at the piano.‎ ‎③The storm is accompanied with/by thunder. ‎ 完成句子 ‎④I'll keep_you_company while you're waiting for her.‎ 你等她时我会陪着你。‎ ‎　[系统归纳]‎ ‎(1)accompany sb. to sp.　　　 陪伴某人去某地 accompany sb. at/on 为某人伴奏 be accompanied with/by ... 伴随……发生；由……陪同 ‎(2)company n. [U]陪伴； [C]公司 keep sb. company 陪伴某人 companion n. 同伴；陪伴；伴侣 ‎　[重点强化]‎ 易错对对碰 ‎⑤As you become old, someone will accompany you to the park to walk; it's not your children but your friends with similar age.(accompany/company)‎ 佳句时时写 ‎⑥(2010·山东高考书面表达)我确实很抱歉下周末我不能陪你去北京，这是我答应过的。‎ I_am_indeed_very_sorry_that_I_can't_accompany_you_to_Beijing_next_weekend,_which_I_have_promised.‎ ‎[名师指津]　“陪伴某人做某事”不能表达成“accompany sb. to do sth.”，而是表达成“accompany sb. to sp.”或者“do sth. in the company of sb.”。‎ ‎5．quit vt.& vi.停止；放弃；离开；辞去(工作)；辍学 ‎　[自主体验]‎ 单句语法填空/单句改错 ‎①You must quit smoking (smoke)．Most important of all, you should start taking exercise.‎ ‎②Cathy quit the office when her son was born so that she could stay at home and raise her family.去掉the 完成句子 ‎③He quit_his_job and struck out on his own as a publisher.‎ 他辞去原来的工作，独自经营出版社。‎ ‎　[系统归纳]‎ quit (doing) sth.　　　　　　　 停止(做)某事 quit office/school/one's job 离职/退学/辞掉工作 ‎　[重点强化]‎ 易错处处防 ‎④She had three children to support, so she wanted to quit job.job前加her 佳句时时写 ‎⑤(2010·广东高考书面表达)我们没有人认为Ethan可以做到，但他确实停止了看电视。‎ None_of_us_thought_Ethan_could_do_it,_but_he_did_quit_(watching)_TV.‎ ‎[名师指津]　quit的过去式和过去分词：quit, quit或quitted, quitted。‎ ‎6．entertainment n．娱乐活动；娱乐；招待，款待 ‎　[自主体验]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①He entertained us for hours with his stories and jokes last night.‎ ‎②Pets are amusing and entertaining (entertain), but we are in a way doing animals harm. ‎ 完成句子 ‎③To my great joy, he promised to entertain_me_to ice cream.‎ 令我非常高兴的是，他答应请我吃冰淇淋。‎ ‎　[系统归纳]‎ ‎(1)entertain vt.　　　　　　 使娱乐，使快乐；招待 entertain sb. to sth. 用某物招待某人 entertain sb. with sth. 用某物使某人快乐 ‎(2)entertaining adj. 有趣的；令人愉快的 ‎　[重点强化]‎ 佳句时时写 ‎④(2014·上海高考书面表达)就涉及的健康、娱乐、文化三个栏目，我建议娱乐栏目应该去掉。‎ Of_the_three_columns_concerning_health,_entertainment_and_culture,_my_suggestion_is_that_the_column_of_entertainment_(should)_be_removed.‎ ‎7．assist vt.帮助，协助 ‎　[自主体验]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①Local villagers assisted the doctors with the people wounded in the bus crash.‎ ‎②I will assist you in solving (solve) the difficult problem.‎ ‎③They are appealing to the world community to come to Jordon's assistance (assist)．‎ ‎④Mary was chosen as an assistant (assist) to help Mr. Brown finish his research.‎ 一句多译 一组护士协助医生进行手术。‎ ‎⑤A_team_of_nurses_assisted_the_doctor_in_performing_the_operation.(assist sb. in doing)‎ ‎⑥A_team_of_nurses_assisted_the_doctor_with_the_operation.(assist sb. with)‎ ‎⑦With_the_assistance_of_a_team_of_nurses,_the_doctor_performed_the_operation. (with the assistance of)‎ ‎　[系统归纳]‎ ‎(1)assist (sb.) in doing sth.　　　 帮助(某人)做某事 assist sb. with sth. 帮助某人某事 ‎(2)assistance n. 帮助，援助 come/go to sb.'s assistance 来/去帮助某人 with the assistance of ... 在……的帮助下 ‎(3)assistant n. 助理，助手 ‎　[重点强化]‎ 易错处处防 ‎⑧She is the one who can assist them to their careers.to→with 佳句时时写 ‎⑨(2013·天津高考书面表达)展望未来，如果我有幸成为副主席，我会尽力协助主席并为我的同学服务。‎ Looking_into_the_future,_I_will_try_my_best_to_assist_the_president_and_serve_my_fellow_students_if_I_am_lucky_enough_to_be_the_vice_president.‎ ‎8．instant adj.即食的，方便的；立刻的 n．瞬间；片刻；某一时刻 ‎　[自主体验]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①She did not hesitate but answered the question the teacher had asked instantly (instant)．‎ ‎②He paused for an instant before continuing his work.‎ 完成句子 ‎③The_instant/Instantly_I_saw_him,_I knew he was the man the police were looking for.‎ 我一看到他就知道他是警方正在寻找的那个人。‎ ‎　[系统归纳]‎ ‎(1)in an instant　　　 　　 一会儿，马上，立刻 for an instant 片刻，一瞬间 the instant ... 一……就……‎ ‎(2)instantly adv. 马上，立即 conj. 一……就…… ‎ ‎　[重点强化]‎ 易错处处防 ‎④I knew he was the man quarrelling with me in the restaurant instant I saw him.instant前加the 佳句时时写 ‎⑤(2016·江苏高考书面表达)此外，网上投票使得即时反馈成为可能。‎ Furthermore,_voting_on_the_Internet_makes_instant_feedback_possible.‎ ‎1．apart from远离，和……不在一起；除了，除……之外(还有)‎ ‎　[系统归纳]‎ 除去 but, except, except for apart from 除……还有 besides, in addition to, as well as ‎　[重点强化]‎ 用法条条清(完成句子)‎ ‎①Apart from (＝In_addition_to/Besides/As_well_as) his intelligence, he was tirelessly industrious. ‎ 除了很聪颖以外，他还是一个孜孜不倦的勤奋的人。‎ ‎②She usually goes to work by bike apart_from/but/except/except_for on rainy days. ‎ 除了雨天之外，她总是骑自行车上班。‎ 佳句时时写 ‎③(2017·天津高考书面表达)除了我的学业，我总能设法找到时间来处理我感兴趣的事情。‎ Apart_from_my_academic_studies,_I_always_manage_to_find_time_for_what_I'm_interested_in.‎ ‎2．It feels like ...‎ ‎　[教材原句]　It feels like allocating adequate time for each is just not practical.‎ ‎　[自主体验]‎ ‎①I was only there two days, but it_felt_like_a_week. ‎ 我只在那里待了两天，但好像过了一个星期似的。‎ ‎②She really feels_like_having_a_talk with him about his study at school.‎ 她的确想和他谈一下他在学校的学习情况。‎ ‎　[归纳点拨]‎ ‎(1)句中It feels like ...意为“似乎，感觉好像……”‎ ‎，like为介词，后面一般跟doing，也可以直接跟名词或从句。‎ ‎(2)feel like doing ...可用作固定结构，意为“想要做……”，相当于would like to do ...。‎ ‎　[佳句背诵]‎ ‎①(增分要点句)(2017·全国卷Ⅱ满分作文)Now it feels like more and more foreigners are getting interested in Chinese papercutting.‎ ‎②(增分要点句)(2014·福建高考满分作文)It felt like the bike was too heavy and difficult to control.‎ ‎3．省略to的动词不定式作表语 ‎　[教材原句]　All I had to do was go to school and spend a few hours studying when I came home.‎ ‎　[自主体验]‎ ‎①I'm so tired in the evenings, and all I want to do is sit_and_listen_to_music. ‎ 我晚上累得什么都不想做，只想坐下来听音乐。‎ ‎②What you need to do is just follow_the_instructions_and_rules. ‎ 你所需要做的只是遵守这些指示和规则。 ‎ ‎③The first thing that I want to do is rush_home_and_tell my parents the good news.‎ 我想做的第一件事就是飞奔回家告诉我父母这个好消息。‎ ‎　[归纳点拨]‎ 用法规则 ‎(1)all作主句主语，其后的定语从句中含有实义动词do的某种形式时常省略to。‎ ‎(2)what引导的从句作主语，从句中含有实义动词do的某种形式时常省略to。‎ ‎(3)(主句)主语被 the only, the first, the least，形容词最高级等词修饰，且其后作定语的从句或短语中含有实义动词do的某种形式时常省略to。‎ 注意事项 一些含有but的固定搭配如can not help but, can not choose but, can not but等结构中，but后面跟不带to的动词不定式。‎ She could not choose but leave her child at home.‎ 她别无选择只好把孩子留在家里。‎ ‎　[佳句背诵]‎ ‎①(增分要点句)(2017·全国卷Ⅰ满分作文)As your good friend, the only thing I can do is help you improve your Chinese quickly.‎ ‎②(精彩收尾句)(2011·北京高考满分作文)All he has to do is turn around, cross the bridge and walk to the tree.‎ Ⅰ.单词拼写 ‎1．In their eyes, they can accomplish (实现) anything with enough money, and this is where I disagree.‎ ‎2．What he said and did at the party made us unbearable (难以忍受的)．‎ ‎3．Nowadays, healthy lifestyles are being advocated (提倡) in society.‎ ‎4．I shall be pleased to go, if you will accompany (陪同) me.‎ ‎5．According to the notice, Sally has quit/quitted (辞去) her job.‎ ‎6．He is one of the most outstanding (杰出的) writers of the time.‎ ‎7．Not every child has an equal talent or an equal ability or an equal motivation (动力)．‎ ‎8．Television is our country's most popular form of entertainment (娱乐)．‎ ‎9．He predicted (预言) that war would break out in the next few years.‎ ‎10．Though it is a temporary (临时的) job, I still can earn some money to help my parents.‎ ‎11．Adapted (改编) from Yan Geling's novel, Lu Fan Yanshi, the film describes an old man's emotional return to his family after decades of separation.‎ ‎12．You can minimize the dangers of driving by taking care to obey (遵守) the rules of the road.‎ ‎13．If we hadn't made adequate (足够的) preparations, the conference wouldn't have been so successful.‎ ‎14．You should follow the correct procedure (步骤) in applying for a visa.‎ ‎15．I thought clearly enough to allocate (分配) my time properly in the exam.‎ Ⅱ.单句语法填空 ‎1．Nowadays the old find it more and more difficult to adapt to the new world.‎ ‎2．The old professor loved to surround himself with young people.‎ ‎3．Some people advocated limiting (limit) the number of cars on the main road.‎ ‎4．He has been given six months to live if he doesn't quit drinking (drink)．‎ ‎5．The public is urgently requested to assist police in tracing this man.‎ ‎6．He shook me by the hand and we opened a conversation instantly (instant)．‎ ‎7．China has made admirable (admire) achievements in scientific field.‎ ‎8．Every time you celebrate an achievement, be thankful to those who made it possible.‎ ‎9．Physical beauty must be_accompanied (accompany) by an attraction to something deeper within a person.‎ ‎10．We headed directly (direct) for the airport after we had checked out of the hotel.‎ Ⅲ.单句改错 ‎1．They forgot all their fears and miseries for an instant.for→in ‎2．Surrounding by the sea on three sides, modern Qingdao is considered one of the most livable cities in China.Surrounding→Surrounded ‎3．The TV plays adapted of adventure stories caught the imagination of many a young viewer.第一个of→from ‎4．He found the ticket a friend gave him was left at home instant he arrived at the theatre.instant前加the或instant→instantly ‎5．If you have difficulty adjusting to the new surrounding, don't hesitate to turn to me for help.surrounding→surroundings ‎6．Apart for coal, the most important natural fuels are gas and oil.for→from ‎7．The best way he could think of at that time was give him more money.was后加to ‎8．His adventurous experiences in Africa have been adapted from the screen.from→for ‎9．He promised to entertain me with dinner if I could help him.with→to Ⅳ.完成句子 ‎1．Apart_from_my_host,_I didn't know a single person there.‎ 除了主人外，那里的人我一个也不认识。‎ ‎2．What_you_must_do_is_consider where your strengths and weaknesses lie.‎ 你必须做的是考虑你的强项和弱项分别在哪里。‎ ‎3．It_feels_like_raining_soon and you'd better take an umbrella.‎ 感觉好像很快要下雨了，你最好带把伞。‎ ‎4．At_that_point,_anything could happen.‎ 那一刻，什么事都有可能发生。‎ ‎5．Don't just go_after_fame_and_money.‎ 不要单纯追求名利。‎ ‎6．The new teacher was very slow to_adapt_to_the_unusual_rules of the school.‎ 这位新教师对该校独特的校规适应很慢。‎ ‎7．Mountaineering is attractive especially to young people, because it_is_accompanied_with hardship and adventure.‎ 登山很吸引人，特别是对年轻人来说，因为它伴随着艰难险阻。‎ ‎8．To_assist_the_students_in_learning_Chinese_better,_our school has decided to donate some books to your Chinese class.‎ 为了帮助学生更好地学习汉语，我们学校决定为你们的中文课捐赠一些书。‎ 本单元语篇话题与新课程主题语境“人与自我”中的“追求幸福”子话题相对应 一、话题语素积累多一点 子话题——追求幸福 ‎(一)浅易词汇温一温 ‎①pleasant　　②enjoyment　　③happy　　　④relaxing ‎⑤lucky ⑥helpful ⑦happiness ⑧upset ‎⑨pressure ⑩complain ⑪amazing ⑫interested ‎⑬hard ⑭lifestyle ⑮emotional ⑯positive ‎⑰negativity ‎(二)生疏词汇记一记 ‎①optimistic adj.乐观的　　　 ②compliment n．恭维；敬意 ‎③expectancy n．期待，期望 ④wellbeing n．幸福；生活安宁 ‎⑤fulfillment n．完成；满足(感) ⑥stable adj.稳定的 ‎⑦content adj.满足的，满意的 ⑧optimist n．乐观者 ‎⑨blessed adj.祝福的 ⑩pessimistic adj.悲观的 ‎⑪frustrated adj.挫败的 ⑫apathetic adj.冷漠的 ‎⑬lethargic adj.无生气的 ⑭awkward adj.不快的 ‎⑮depressed adj.郁闷的 ⑯provoke vt.激起；使愤怒 ‎⑰maintain v．保持 ⑱pessimist n．悲观者 ‎(三)常用词块忆一忆 ‎①a positive attitude　　　　　 积极的态度 ‎②a happy face 一张幸福的脸 ‎③the better 更好 ‎④negative thoughts 消极想法 ‎⑤some hard work 费力 ‎⑥the feeling of happiness 幸福感 ‎⑦from different aspects 从不同的方面 ‎⑧have a real passion for life 对生活有强烈的热情 ‎⑨broaden their horizons 开阔他们的视野 ‎⑩experience happiness 体验幸福 ‎⑪in addition 此外 ‎(四)写作佳句背一背 ‎①Many think that happiness means going after fame and wealth.‎ ‎②Happiness means different things to different people.‎ ‎③True happiness comes when we learn to be content with what we have.‎ ‎④Happiness and success often come to those who are good at recognizing their own strengths.‎ 二、话题书面表达亮一点 假设你应邀参加学校组织的“幸福感”调查，请你根据下表所提示的信息，用英语写一篇发言稿。‎ 比例 ‎“幸福感”的来源 ‎50%‎ 从父母或亲戚的爱中感受到幸福 ‎30%‎ 从助人、捐赠中感受到幸福 ‎10%‎ 从友情中感受到幸福 ‎10%‎ 从其他的不同角度讲述自己的幸福感 注意：1.对所给要点逐一陈述，适当发挥，不要简单翻译。‎ ‎2．词数100左右。开头已经写好，不计入总词数。‎ ‎3．文中不得提及考生所在学校和本人姓名。‎ Recently a survey about “The Feeling of Happiness” has been conducted among the 2,600 students in our school.‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ [写作4步走]‎ 第一步：句写对——给词写句 gain, happiness, relative, experience, help, donate, find, pleasure, friendship, the rest of, describe, aspect, be different from, draw a conclusion, passion, lack　　‎ ‎1．50% 的学生从父母或亲戚的爱中获得幸福感。‎ ‎50%_of_the_students_gain_happiness_from_the_love_of_their_parents_or_relatives.‎ ‎2．他们中30% 的人通过助人、捐赠体会到幸福感。‎ ‎30%_of_them_experience_happiness_by_helping_others_and_donating.‎ ‎3．10% 的学生从友情中找到快乐。‎ ‎10%_of_the_students_find_pleasure_in_friendship.‎ ‎4．剩余的学生从其他的角度描述了自己的幸福感。‎ The_rest_of_the_students_describe_their_happiness_from_other_aspects.‎ ‎5．这些角度与以上所述完全不同。‎ These_aspects_are_quite_different_from_the_above.‎ ‎6．我们可以得出结论。‎ We_can_draw_a_conclusion.‎ ‎7．学生对生活有着强烈的热情， 但他们缺少生活经验。‎ Students_have_a_real_passion_for_life_but_they_lack_life_experience.‎ 第二步：量写够——语句扩充 ‎8．在句1中加入并列成分“从温暖的家庭生活中”。‎ ‎50%_of_the_students_gain_happiness_from_the_love_of_their_parents_or_relatives_and_the_warm_family_life.‎ ‎9．在句2中加入并列成分“参加义卖活动”。‎ ‎30%_of_the_students_experience_happiness_by_helping_others,_donating_and_taking_part_in_selling_voluntarily.‎ ‎10．在句6中加入状语“由这些数据”。‎ From_these_figures,_we_can_draw_a_conclusion.‎ ‎11．在句7中加入并列成分“需要拓宽视野”。‎ Students_have_a_real_passion_for_life,_but_they_lack_life_experience_and_need_to_broaden_their_horizons.‎ 第三步：语写美——词句升格 ‎12．用高级词汇assist 升格句9中的help，然后用while 连接的并列句合并句9和句3。‎ ‎30%_of_them_experience_happiness_by_assisting_others,_donating_and_taking_part_in_selling_voluntarily_while_10%_of_the_students_find_pleasure_in_friendship.‎ ‎13．用非限制性定语从句合并句4和句5。‎ The_rest_of_the_students_describe_their_happiness_from_other_aspects,_which_are_quite_different_from_the_above.‎ ‎14．用同位语从句合并句10和句11。‎ From_these_figures,_we_can_draw_a_conclusion_that_students_have_a_real_passion_for_life,_but_they_lack_life_experience_and_need_to_broaden_their_horizons.‎ 第四步：篇连顺——衔接成文 用it shows that， meanwhile， in addition， in a word等词汇、句式衔接成篇 Recently_a_survey_about_“The_Feeling_of_Happiness”_has_been_conducted_among_‎ the_2,600_students_in_our_school.‎ It_shows_that_50%_of_the_students_gain_happiness_from_the_love_of_their_parents_or_relatives_and_the_warm_family_life.Meanwhile,_30%_of_them_experience_happiness_by_assisting_others,_donating_and_taking_part_in_selling_voluntarily_while_10%_of_the_students_find_pleasure_in_friendship.In_addition,_the_rest_of_the_students_describe_their_happiness_from_other_aspects,_which_are_quite_different_from_the_above.In_a_word，from_these_figures,_we_can_draw_a_conclusion_that_students_have_a_real_passion_for_life,_but_they_lack_life_experience_and_need_to_broaden_their_horizons.‎ Ⅰ.根据提示填空 Some people seem to be born happy.Some people seem to be really ❶lucky (luck), always in the right place at the right time, but they still don't seem to be happy.Some people seem to have everything ❷going (go) for them, but they still do not seem to be happy.No matter what kind of person you are, you can do something to build the ❸happiness (happy) into your life.‎ Spend time with your family.Be kind, friendly and ❹helpful (help) to each other.Do things together, like eating meals, helping each other with homework, doing sports and ❺enjoying (enjoy) hobbies.‎ Music can be a great way to make you feel happy.You can listen to it or even play an ❻instrument (乐器)．There are lots of music sites on the Internet, so you can try many different kinds of music to ❼find_out (弄清楚) which makes you happy.‎ If we turn on the radio we can all hear about the terrible things ❽happening (happen) around the world.Look around and see what an ❾amazing (令人惊异的) world we live in.Too much fun in the world around us!‎ Become interested (interest) in the world around you.Just try giving everyone a big smile and see how many smiles back.‎ Ⅱ.片段选词填空 a positive attitude， hard， a happy face， the better， optimist， ignore， negative thoughts， maintain， make all the difference， pessimist ‎ If you work hard to have a positive attitude, you might be surprised by how much better you feel about yourself and life in general.Having ❶a_positive_attitude can also reduce your stress level.The less stress you feel, ❷the_better you will feel overall.So if you've been feeling tired, think about the good, put on ❸a_happy_face and you just might feel better soon.‎ But how can you have a positive attitude when life is ❹hard? It's more than just turning life's lemons into lemonade.Having a positive attitude can take some hard work.But it's worth it.Here are some ways you can develop and ❺maintain a positive attitude even in the midst of life's troubles.‎ A positive attitude doesn't mean ❻ignoring life's troubles.It just means being an ❼optimist and looking for the good in things, rather than being a ❽pessimist and focusing on the bad in things.Sometimes your view can ❾make_all_the_difference in the world.‎ Identify (确认) those areas of your life that might not be going so well.These are the areas likely to make you think negative_thoughts.Focus on one area at a time and think of ways you can find the positive in them.‎ Smile and laugh! Yes, it can be that simple.‎ 一、复现单元考点——增强备考信心 Ⅰ.高考中的语法填空 ‎1．(2018·北京高考)Susan had_quit (quit) her wellpaid job and was working as a volunteer in the neighborhood when I visited her last year.‎ ‎2．(2018·江苏高考)China's soft power grows in line with the increasing appreciation (appreciate) and understanding of China globally.‎ ‎3．(2017·江苏高考)Determining where we are in relation to our surroundings (surround) remains an essential skill for our survival.‎ ‎4．(2015·安徽高考)If you come to visit China, you will experience a culture of amazing depth (deep) and variety.‎ ‎5．(2014·湖南高考)Children, when accompanied (accompany) by their parents, are allowed to enter the stadium.‎ ‎6．(2014·福建高考)Having spent the past year as an exchange student in Hong Kong, Linda appears more_mature (mature) than those of her age.‎ ‎7．(2014·福建高考)It was the culture, rather than the language, that made it hard for him to adapt to the new environment abroad.‎ ‎8．(2014·湖南高考)If Mr.Dewey had been present, he would have offered any possible assistance (assist) to the people there.‎ ‎9．(2014·湖北高考)Her motivation (motivate) for writing was a desire for women to get the right to higher education.‎ ‎10．(2014·浙江高考)No matter how carefully you plan your finances, no one can predict (prediction) when the unexpected will happen.‎ Ⅱ.高考中的完形填空 suffering, quit, assistance, instantly, rush, ache, talent, directly　　‎ ‎1．(2018·江苏高考)The Winns soon discovered that daily hiking in their 50s is a lot harder than they remember it was in their 20s.Raynor __46__ all over and desired a bath.____________‎ ‎2．(2018·浙江高考)He said without the job, he would simply have too much time and would just do what I did back in college.He said that if he __51__ the job, he would lose his drive to work and succeed.____________‎ ‎3．(2016·全国卷Ⅲ)One afternoon, I was crossing the field to go home and saw Miller stuck going over a fence — which wasn't hard to climb if you had both arms.I'm sure I was the last person in the world he wanted to accept __52__ from.____________‎ ‎4．(2014·北京高考)I was surprised and thought that she could do something in the coming __43__ show.So, I took her to see the art teacher, Miss Parker, and showed her what Suzy had drawn.____________‎ ‎5．(2013·福建高考)We soon pull up by the house and I tell her what it was like here, the memories __43__ back, swift as the tide (潮水)．____________‎ ‎6．(2011·广东高考)In the regular class, having no worry about keeping up, they began to reflect __9__ on many problems, some of which were not on the school program.____________‎ ‎7．(2010·浙江高考)Years later, when I stood in the kitchen of my new house, thinking how I wanted to make my first Christmas there special and memorable, I __29__ remembered the women's visit.____________‎ ‎8．(2009·浙江高考)We all agreed that we had seen things that should never be allowed to happen.Now, what could we do about it？Together, we began to brainstorm ways we could help to ease the __38__ we had seen.____________‎ 答案：1.ached　2.quit　3.assistance　4.talent　5.rushing　6.directly　7.instantly　8.suffering 二、复现话题词汇——提高阅读准度 新高考下的命题新视角：幸福是一种感受，更是一种价值取向，幸福不仅是享受物质生活的满足，也是追求精神生活中的愉悦，更是对周围自然环境和社会环境满足人们主体性需要的体现。社会主义核心价值观提倡我们追求幸福。将追求个人的幸福与社会整体的利益相结合是高考命题选材的关注方向。‎ ‎[话题感悟]‎ 学习目标 ——语篇复现词汇，活学活用记忆更深 ‎(加彩词汇为本单元话题词汇，读文时请揣摩其用法)‎ ‎(2015·福建高考)Group exercise is one of the most effective ways to improve physical fitness and sustain (保持) a healthy lifestyle. Group exercise is challenging, yet fun and empowering! Of course everyone knows that exercise is good for the body. However, studies have shown that when exercise is performed in groups, it's not only great for improving physical health but for psychological health. It's an opportunity to be social, release endorphins (内啡肽), and improve your strength. Additionally, group exercise creates a community feel and the shared common goal motivates participants to work hard. The instrumental support of taking on a fitness journey with others proves more effective than going to the gym alone.‎ Another beneficial aspect of group exercise is the informational support participants receive from the instructor. Many people fear the gym because they feel lost and don't want to embarrass themselves. If you feel you can relate, then group training is an even better option for you. It's a great opportunity to learn more about fitness through the clear instruction and supervision (监管) of a fitness instructor. If you're tired of wandering around the gym wasting time and becoming bored, you can attend an upbeat group fitness class that'll keep your workout on track. Don't let fitness frighten you!‎ If you're serious about wanting to live a healthy lifestyle, it's extremely important to surround yourself with people who'll provide you with the proper emotional support. I wouldn't scold anyone for deciding to party on weekends and in turn I wouldn't expect anyone to give offence to me for focusing on my health. Surround yourself with people who uplift, encourage and understand you! Make fitness even more fun by trying something new or any group fitness class, with a friend. Plan to go for a jog together. Then try a fun healthy restaurant or fresh juice bar! Fitness can be both fun and social!‎ Surrounding yourself with people who'll provide you with respect support can be very beneficial while working towards reaching health and fitness goals. First, decide to do it for yourself and work towards staying positive. Then make sure the people you surround yourself with are supportive. Don't let negativity ruin your motivation.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了参加群体锻炼的多种益处。群体锻炼不但对身体健康有益，而且对心理健康也有好处。你不相信吗？快来读一下这篇文章吧！‎ ‎72．The first paragraph focuses on ________.‎ A．the greatest challenge of group exercise B．the most effective way to improve physical fitness C．the contribution of group exercise to psychological health D．the shared common goal in performing exercise in groups 解析：选C　推理判断题。第一段的开头部分讲了群体锻炼是增进身体健康最有效的方式之一(B项内容)，而且群体锻炼具有挑战性(A项内容)，后面也提到共同的目标能激励参与者努力锻炼(D项内容)，但是这些都是指群体锻炼对身体健康的益处。由第一段中的关键词语“However(表转折)”，“not only ... but ...”以及“Additionally”后的内容可知，本段的重点是but后面的内容，即群体锻炼对于心理健康很有好处。故选C项。‎ ‎73．The underlined word “upbeat” in the second paragraph probably means “________”．‎ A．cheerful　　　　　　　 B．average C．serious D．temporary 解析：选A　词义猜测题。由前半句“If you're tired of wandering ... and becoming bored”可知，参加upbeat的群体能让你不懈怠或者不厌倦，故upbeat意为“精神振奋的”，这与选项中的cheerful同义。故选A项。average“普通的，平均的”；serious“严肃的，认真的”；temporary“临时的，暂时的”。‎ ‎74．When it comes to emotional support, the author thinks it necessary ________.‎ A．to sustain a colorful lifestyle B．to party on weekends with positive people C．to try a fun healthy restaurant regularly D．to surround yourself with supportive people 解析：选D　细节理解题。由倒数第二段的第一句“... surround yourself with people who'll provide you with the proper emotional support.”可知D项正确。‎ ‎75．What would be the best title for the passage?‎ A．Seeking Support B．Supporting Health C．Improving Your Strength D．Building Up Fitness 解析：选B　标题归纳题。综观全文可知，本文主要阐述了参加群体锻炼的益处，它不仅仅体现在身体方面，还体现在精神(心理)方面，这恰恰与B项的含义契合。所以选B项。‎ 学习目标 ——题后把脉规律，练后得法理解更透 推理判断技法(3)——利用4大干扰项特征解题 ‎(1)曲解文意：即推测意义与文章表层意义有区别，推理判断题中有些选项来自文章中的某一句话或某几句话，命题者可能会利用里面的字词设计出干扰项，看似表达文章的意思，实则与题干无关。如72小题的A、B、D选项。‎ ‎(2)偷梁换柱：干扰项用了与文章中某一句话相似的句型结构和单词，却在考生易忽视的地方换了几个单词，造成句意的改变。‎ ‎(3)无中生有：这种类型的干扰项往往是基本的生活常识或普遍认可的观点，但在文章中并无相关的信息支撑点。其次，这种干扰项也有可能与设置的问题毫不相干。‎ ‎(4)扩缩范围：为了准确、严密地表达文章内容，命题者特别注意对文意范围的限定，有时通过加上almost, all, nearly, more than, normally, usually等词语对文意加以限制。“扩缩范围”干扰法就是在选项中通过改变或去掉限制性词语，将信息的范围、程度、感情色彩等改变，从而给考生解题造成干扰的命题方法。‎ Ⅰ.阅读理解 A ‎(2019·郑州质量预测)US student Vanessa Tahay stands out from the other teenagers in her school. Her skin is dark and her accent is thick.If you ask her, she will tell you these are the things she is proudest of.Tahay is a poet, and at 18 she was considered among the best in Los Angeles.‎ When she is on the stage, audiences often go silent.They also laugh, shout and cry.But this doesn't come easily for someone who comes from a village that sits at the base of a huge mountain range in Central America.When she first appeared at school, she was teased by others for being short and different.She never spoke, so they called her “mouse”．‎ ‎“How do I defend myself？” Tahay thought.“I don't know how.”‎ ‎“Keep going，” her mother would tell her. “At some point, you'll learn.”‎ She spent hours after school and on weekends watching the same DVD: English Without Barriers.‎ Tahay's elder brother, Elmer, persuaded her to go to the afterschool poetry club.In the last six years, her English teacher Laurie Kurnick has turned Cleveland Charter High School's poetry program into one of the most respected in the city.Her team draws from the likes of D．H.Laurence, Pat Mora and Kendrick Lamar to create poems about their own lives.The poems focus on many things — some funny, some painful.‎ The first time Tahay read the group's poems, she was wild with joy. “I wish I could write like that，” she thought. “I want to say something.”‎ She wrote her first poem about her first year in America.She called it Invisible.The day her turn came to recite poems in front of the team, she broke down crying.She cried for 15 minutes. “I had so much held in，” Tahay said. “I couldn't even finish it.”‎ But she kept at it despite her lessthanperfect grammar, spelling and diction ‎ (措辞)．Still, she wouldn't tell her friends about her poetry because she worried they would make fun of her.‎ But with time, her poems changed her. “They gave me pride，” Tahay said. “They told me that I'm worth something.”‎ ‎“She had this innocence，” Kurnick said. “This willingness to be genuine shows you things you don't ever see.”‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了美国学生Vanessa Tahay的故事：她通过自己的努力战胜了别人的嘲笑，并找到了自己的人生价值。‎ ‎1．What did Tahay's mother suggest she do when she was teased by others?‎ A．Fight with them bravely.‎ B．Report them to her teachers.‎ C．Ignore them and keep going.‎ D．Try hard to make friends with them.‎ 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第四段中的“‘Keep going，’ her mother would tell her”可知，本题答案为C。‎ ‎2．What are the themes of Tahay and her team's poems?‎ A．Their admiration for the great poets.‎ B．Their appreciation of natural beauty.‎ C．Their expectations of a better future.‎ D．Funny and painful stories about their lives.‎ 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第六段中的“The poems focus on many things — some funny, some painful”可知，他们的诗歌主题是他们生活中有趣的和痛苦的事情，故本题选D。‎ ‎3．How did Tahay probably feel when she first read the group's poems?‎ A．She was cold. B．She was excited.‎ C．She was nervous. D．She was frightened.‎ 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第七段中的“she was wild with joy. ‘I wish I could write like that，’ she thought. ‘I want to say something.’”可知，她很兴奋，她希望她能像他们一样写诗，故选B。‎ ‎4．How did Tahay benefit from writing poems?‎ A．She felt more confident about herself.‎ B．She won many national poetry competitions.‎ C．She became the first student poet in the city.‎ D．She improved her grammar and spelling greatly.‎ 解析：选A　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的内容可知，随着时间的流逝，诗歌改变了她，给了她信心，告诉她她是有价值的。故本题选A。‎ B I heard a story recently about a friend's former boss.When employees would go into this person's office to discuss something like a pay rise or promotion, the boss had a habit of greeting their request with silence.Quiet, tense seconds went slowly by, and they'd often leave, willing to take a pay cut or demotion (降职) — anything to end the terrible silence.‎ Embarrassing silences can be unbearable.In 2017, a study found that silence in a talk starts to be unbearable after about four seconds.There's so much uncertainty in the air as those silent seconds went slowly by.Did I say something wrong? Does this person hate me? Am I going to get fired? But it's worth remembering that if you don't know what to say or do, there is always the choice to do nothing.Uncomfortable silences aren't necessarily a bad thing, depending on how you use them.‎ For example, Katie Donovan is a supporter of the awkwardsilence negotiating (谈判) technique.As she said, “The first step is to be silent or shut up！” If, for example, you are offered a starting salary of $40,000 when you know that the median salary for this position is $48,000, you can say something like this, “Thank you for the offer. I'm a little surprised about the salary, though.Based on my research I would have expected it to be in the $50,000 range.”‎ It's a good start; there is no phrase more quietly deadly in the business world than “I'm a little surprised”．But it only works if you say this — and then say nothing.During this pause, Donovan explains, the hiring manager is likely trying to work out how serious you are and how much more to offer.“Remember，” Donovan writes, “the hiring manager most likely will increase the salary during the meeting.”‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。人们往往难以忍受对话中出现的沉默，但有时候我们也可以学会利用这种沉默，来达到我们想要的目的。‎ ‎5．What would the employees often do when they met with the boss's silence?‎ A．Keep silent. B．Get angry.‎ C．Fight back. D．Give in.‎ 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句可知，面对老板的沉默，下属往往会屈服，宁愿放弃自己的要求也想要结束这种沉默所带来的折磨。‎ ‎6．What does the author say about silence in Paragraph 2?‎ A．It is a basic part of communication.‎ B．It gives people time for themselves.‎ C．You don't have to break it all the time.‎ D．The meaning of it varies among people.‎ 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第二段最后两句可知，作者认为我们不必要总是试图打破沉默，因为沉默并不完全是一件坏事。‎ ‎7．What does the underlined word “median” mean in Paragraph 3?‎ A．Average. B．Highest.‎ C．Final. D．Starting.‎ 解析：选A　词义猜测题。第三段给出了一个情境，当用人单位给你开出4万元的薪水，而你知道这个职位的平均薪水为4.8万，那么你就可以在谈话中提到自己期望的数目是5万左右。由此可推知该词意为“平均的”。‎ ‎8．What should you do after saying “I'm a little surprised”？‎ A．Give up your request.‎ B．Keep silent for a while.‎ C．Avoid making eye contact.‎ D．Continue to give your reasons.‎ 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“But it only works if you say this — and then say nothing”可知，说完这句话要保持沉默，那样才会给对方造成心理压力，从而达到你想要的目的。‎ C ‎(2019·西安质检)Making employees feel happy at work is beneficial to many businesses.But it isn't always an easy thing.Research suggests that just 33% of U．S.employees consider themselves fully devoted to work, while 16% are inactively involved, and 51% are just showing up.‎ But there is an exception: when it comes to employee engagement (员工敬业度), it seems that small businesses are the opposite.According to the same research, the largest U．S.companies have the lowest levels of engagement, while businesses with fewer than 25 employees have the highest.And in one recent report, 75% of workers in small businesses surveyed said they were “very” or “extremely” satisfied with their role in the business.‎ Unlike big companies, small businesses are short of resources (资源) but they make up for them with creativity.And the bosses also know their staff and understand their needs.“Employees of these companies are more likely to receive free meals, have the choice to bring their pets to work, and work independently on a project of their choosing，” says a report.Of course, there's far more to employee happiness than free food.One of the top draws of working for a small business is flexible scheduling.Another is being able to really see the fruits of one's labor.Besides, noncash incentives (激励) are also a big draw, like watching big sporting events.‎ But choosing a small business doesn't mean employees don't want a formal benefits package (福利套餐) — quite the opposite.According to a survey, 72% of workers in small businesses said an improvement in benefits would make them even happier.Therefore, small businesses can go further.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了小型企业的员工比大型企业的员工幸福感更强，并分析了其中的原因。‎ ‎9．Compared with large companies, small businesses ________.‎ A．have happier employees B．have stronger economic power C．have more effective management D．have more formal benefits packages 解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第二段的内容和第三段中的“Of course, there's far more to employee happiness than free food”可知，跟大型企业相比，小型企业的员工更敬业，幸福感更强。‎ ‎10．What does the underlined word “draws” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?‎ A．Challenges. B．Drawbacks.‎ C．Choices. D．Attractions.‎ 解析：选D　词义猜测题。根据本段中的“flexible scheduling”， “being able to really see the fruits of one's labor”及“noncash incentives”可知，这些都是小公司吸引人的优势。draws意为“吸引人的东西”。‎ ‎11．What might be discussed in the paragraph following the text?‎ A．How small businesses improve benefits.‎ B．Why small businesses are better choices.‎ C．How small businesses compete with big companies.‎ D．Why small businesses have high employee engagement.‎ 解析：选A　推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中的“Therefore, small businesses can go further”可知，小型企业在提高员工幸福指数方面还有很多可以做，因此，文章接下来可能会进一步说明小型企业提高员工福利的方式。‎ Ⅱ.阅读七选五 Being lazy is a negative selfattribution (自我归因) people often make when they don't understand why they aren't taking action toward something they should be doing.According to research, we constantly calculate whether or not the actions we take are “worth the effort” based on what type of reward we expect.You'd find it difficult to get out of bed to attend a morning workout class.However, if you knew you'd get a million dollars ‎ if you did, you'd have no problem.__1__‎ To take action toward a desired goal, you should expect to win the battle.__2__ If you tell yourself you expect to fail, it's unlikely that you'll put in all the necessary effort to change the behavior.‎ ‎__3__ In other words, think about why you've set the goal in the first place — What will you be able to do when you have achieved your goal? How much better will you feel about yourself? __4__ Then read the list before you go to bed and read it again before you get up in the morning.‎ Once you know what the benefits are, think about what existing behavior might get in the way.__5__ For example, if you find it hard to get up in the morning to exercise, move the alarm to somewhere that forces you to get out of bed.‎ A．What you tell yourself matters.‎ B．So how do you increase your motivation?‎ C．Then accordingly, take action to fight them.‎ D．Try to make sure that your goal is achievable.‎ E．Also, you should focus on the benefits of the action.‎ F．Write these down on a piece of paper next to your bed.‎ G．Take the necessary steps that will help you achieve what you want.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。我们在实现目标的过程中，如何让自己变得更有动力呢？‎ ‎1．解析：选B　上文指出，当人们想不通为什么自己没有朝着目标行动起来时，他们会自我归因为懒惰。而研究表明，我们总是会根据我们期望的回报来衡量我们所做的事情是否值得。这往往导致动力不足。那么如何解决呢？下文围绕这个问题展开。‎ ‎2．解析：选A　根据空后的内容可知，如果你告诉自己你预感会失败，你就不会全身心地付出努力。言外之意是：你要告诉自己你可以做到。因此，你自己的信心最重要，故可判断选A项。空后的“tell yourself”与本空表达的内容一致。‎ ‎3．解析：选E　根据空后的内容可推断，此处建议多想想行动带来的好处，故正确答案为E。‎ ‎4．解析：选F　根据本空后的the list可判断选F项。把实现目标的好处都写到一张纸上，放到床边，每天睡觉前和起床前都读一下。‎ ‎5．解析：选C　上句指出，知道了实现目标的益处，就想想目前有什么会阻碍你行动。本句紧接上句内容告诉我们：相应地采取行动来打败这些阻碍你的行为。本空后的例子用来说明这一方法。‎