2020届北师大版高考英语一轮复习：必修4Unit10Money 22页

‎(一)课前自主学习 Ⅰ.阅读单词——————知其意 ‎1．technique n．　　　　　　　　 技术，技巧 ‎2．dormitory n. [纵联1] 寝室，宿舍 ‎3．carpet n. 地毯 ‎4．necklace n. 项链，项圈 ‎5．cleaner n. 清洁工人；清洁器 ‎6．kettle n. 　　[纵联2] 水壶 ‎7．firm adj. 坚定的；稳固的 Ⅱ.重点单词——————写其形 ‎1．greedy adj. 贪婪的，贪心的 ‎2．bargain n. & vi. 便宜货；讨价还价 ‎3．comment vi. & vt. 评论 ‎4．replace vt. 代替，取代 ‎5．enjoyable_ adj. 使人快乐的 ‎6．focus n. 调焦；焦点 ‎7．remove vt. 移开，挪走 ‎8．aggressive adj. 好斗的；有进取心的 ‎9．native adj. 出生地的，本土的 ‎10．pleased adj. 高兴的，满意的 ‎11．advance vi. 取得进展；前进 ‎12．contact_ n. & vt. 接触，联系 ‎13．fluently_ adv. 流利地 ‎14．truly_ adv. 准确地；真正地 ‎15．balance n. 平衡 ‎16．defeat vt. 战胜，击败 ‎17．contain vt. 包含，含有 Ⅲ.拓展单词——————通其变 ‎1．appeal vi.吸引，引起兴趣；呼吁，恳求→appealing adj.有吸引力的 ‎2．economy n．经济→economic adj.经济的 ‎3．exist vi.存在，生存→existence n．存在，生存 ‎4．variety n．多样化，多样性→various adj.各种各样的→vary v．相异，不同 ‎5．concern vt.使忧虑；与……相关→concerned adj.担心的；涉及的→concerning prep.关于 ‎6．puzzle vt.使困惑 n．谜→puzzled adj.困惑的→puzzling adj.令人困惑的 ‎7．product n．产品；出品→produce v．生产→production n．生产；成果；作品 ‎8．enthusiastic adj.很感兴趣的；热情的→enthusiasm n．热情 ‎9．annoy vt.打搅；使烦恼→annoyed adj.烦恼的→annoying adj.使人烦恼的→annoyance n．烦恼 ‎10．ashamed adj.羞耻的，惭愧的→shame v．使感到羞愧 n．羞愧，惭愧→shameful adj.可耻的，丢脸的 ‎11．aware adj.知道的，意识到的→awareness n．意识 ‎12．practical adj.实用的；实践的→practise v．实践→practice v．&n.实践 ‎13．determine vt.确定；决定→determination n．决心，决定→determined adj.有决心的；坚决的 ‎14．achievement n．完成，成就→achieve v．完成；实现 纵联1.学校公共设施有哪些？‎ ‎①canteen食堂 ②dormitory寝室，宿舍 ‎③stadium体育场 ④school clinic校医务室 ‎⑤teaching building教学楼 ⑥library图书馆 纵联2.“常用容器”名词大全 ‎①cup/glass杯子 ②bowl碗 ‎③pot锅 ④jar罐 ‎⑤basin盆 ⑥plate盘子 ‎⑦kettle水壶 单元话题——购物 子话题1　商店分类 ‎①department store 百货商店 ‎②convenience store 便利店(24小时营业)‎ ‎③discount store 折扣店 ‎④antiques shop 古玩店 ‎⑤dailyuse sundry goods shop 日用杂货店 ‎⑥electric appliance shop 电器商店 ‎⑦green grocery 蔬菜水果店 子话题2　商店组成 ‎①price tag标价签 ②shelf货架 ‎③show case陈列柜 ④trolley购物车 ‎⑤show window 橱窗 ‎⑥cash desk/cashier's desk 收银处 子话题3　商店用语 ‎①fixed prices有定价 ②discount打折扣 ‎③change零钱 ④cheque支票 ‎⑤bill账单；钞票，票据 ‎[学考对接·活学活用]‎ 高考采撷(一)　阅读中的词汇应用 ‎1．(2018·江苏高考任务型阅读)The arts create jobs that❶ help develop the economy.Any given performance takes a tour bus full of artists, technical experts, managers, musicians, or writers to create an appealing❷ piece of art.These people earn a living wage for their professional knowledge and skills❸.‎ ‎①处that引导定语从句，且在从句中作主语 ‎②写出加黑词在本单元的同根动词：appeal ‎③写出加黑词在本单元的同义词：techniques ‎2. (2018·浙江高考阅读C)Friedman points out that the green 　❶　(economic) is a chance to keep American strength.“The ability to design, build and export green technologies for producing❷ clean water, clean❸ air and healthy and abundant food is going to be the currency of power in the new century.” ‎ ‎①用所给词的适当形式填空：economy ‎②写出加黑词在本单元的同根名词：product ‎③写出加黑词在本单元的同根名词：cleaner ‎3．(2017·天津高考阅读D)The very purest form of waiting is the WatchedPot Wait. It is without doubt the most annoying❶ of all. Take filling up the kitchen sink (洗碗池) as an ‎ example. There is absolutely❷ nothing you can do while this is going on but keep both eyes fixed❸ on the sink until it's full.‎ ‎①写出加黑词在本单元的同根动词：annoy_‎ ‎②写出加黑词在本单元的同义词：truly ‎③写出加黑词在本单元的近义名词：focus 高考采撷(二)　写作中的词汇应用 ‎(根据汉语及提示词翻译句子)‎ ‎1．(2018·浙江高考书面表达)我学习英语已经八年了，我能说一口流利的英语。并且我是一个有激情与活力的人。(fluently, enthusiastic)‎ I've_learned_English_for_8_years,_and_I_can_speak_English_fluently._Meanwhile,_I_am_an_enthusiastic_man_of_energy.‎ ‎2．(2018·江苏高考书面表达)众所周知，大部分排名是建立在他人对产品或相关服务的判断上的。(product, concern)‎ As_we_all_know,_most_of_the_ratings_are_based_on_others'_judgment_on_the_product_or_service_concerned.‎ ‎3．(2017·江苏高考书面表达)背后的原因是多种多样的。2016年前快速的经济发展很有可能是最强大的推动票房收入的动力。(variety, economy)‎ There_are_a_variety_of_reasons_behind_this._The_fast_economy_growth_before_2016_was_probably_the_most_powerful_engine_driving_the_constant_growth_in_the_boxoffice_income.‎ ‎ (二)课堂重点释疑 ‎1．appeal vi.吸引，引起兴趣；呼吁；恳求；上诉；申诉n.呼吁；恳求 ‎[辨清]　写出下列句中appeal的含义 ‎①Our school appeals to the students to set aside at least an hour every day to take exercise in order to raise learning efficiency. 呼吁 ‎②He said he would appeal after being found guilty on four counts of murder. 上诉 ‎③He couldn't afford the medical treatment for his daughter so he appealed to the public for help. 恳求 ‎④Traditional Chinese paintings appeal very much to me. 吸引 ‎[记牢]‎ ‎(1)appeal to sb.　　　　 　　　 对某人有吸引力 appeal to sb.for sth. 呼吁/恳求某人某事 appeal for sth. 呼吁某事；请求给予某物 appeal to sb.to do sth. 呼吁某人做某事 ‎(2)make an appeal to sb. for sth. 为某事向某人呼吁或恳求 make an appeal to sb. to do sth. 呼吁/恳求某人做某事 ‎[练通]　‎ 单句语法填空 ‎⑤The Harry Potter books appeal_to readers of all ages. ‎ ‎⑥Mary made one last appeal to the public to_make (make) contributions to a better environment.‎ ‎⑦They're appealing for clothes and blankets to send to the disaster region.‎ ‎⑧Organizers appealed to the crowd to_keep (keep) quiet.‎ 完成句子 ‎⑨The police are appealing_to_the_public_for_any_information about the missing girl.‎ 警察呼吁公众提供有关这个失踪女孩的任何信息。‎ ‎⑩Sports have become an important form of entertainment, appealing_to_both_men_ and_‎ women.‎ 体育运动已成为一种重要的娱乐形式，吸引着男性和女性。‎ ‎[写美]　‎ ‎⑪(2018·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)相信这部短片会吸引你，因为它有教育意义且感情色彩浓。‎ The_short_film_is_believed_to_appeal_to_you,_for_it_is_instructive_and_full_of_emotion.‎ ‎2．bargain n．& vi.交易；便宜货；讨价还价 ‎[辨清]　写出下列句中bargain的含义 ‎①My wife often picks up some bargains from the market. 便宜货 ‎②Clement made a satisfactory bargain with him. 交易 ‎③She bargained with the fishmonger over the price. 讨价还价 ‎[记牢]　‎ ‎(1)bargain with sb.about/over/for sth.‎ ‎ 就某物与某人讨价还价　‎ ‎(2)make a bargain (with sb.) (与某人)成交/达成协议 It's a (real) bargain. 真便宜。‎ ‎[练通]　‎ 单句语法填空 ‎④Dealers bargain with growers about/over/for the price of coffee.‎ ‎⑤He and his partner have made a bargain to help each other.‎ ‎⑥She bought a dress for only 15 yuan and it was a real bargain.‎ 完成句子 ‎⑦The businessman is tired of the workers bargaining for better pay.‎ 生意人讨厌工人为涨工资而讨价还价。‎ ‎⑧She bargained_with the trader till he sold her the fruit cheaply.‎ 她和商贩讨价还价，直到她便宜地买了水果。‎ ‎[写美]‎ ‎⑨(2016·江苏高考书面表达)老实说，投票人有时感到烦恼，不是因为他们不愿意投票，而是因为他们要权衡感情和公平。更甚的是，候选人有时会私下和投票人做交易。‎ To_be_honest,_voters_sometimes_feel_annoyed,_not_because_they_hate_voting,_but_because_they_need_balance_emotion_against_fairness._What's_more,_the_candidates_sometimes_make_a_bargain_with_voters_secretly.‎ ‎3．balance n．平衡；天平，秤；结余；余额；余款vt.平衡；权衡 ‎[辨清]　写出下列句中balance的含义 ‎①The balance on your account is ＄5. 余额 ‎②Try to keep a balance between work and relaxation. 平衡 ‎③Weigh that loaf of bread on the balance, please. 天平，秤 ‎[记牢]‎ ‎(1)keep the balance of nature　　 保持生态平衡 keep one's balance 保持平衡 lose one's balance＝be out of balance　 失去平衡 keep a balance between ... and ...　 在……与……之间保持平衡 ‎(2)balance sth. against 权衡；斟酌；比较 ‎(3)balanced adj. 保持(或显示)平衡的 keep a balanced diet 保持均衡饮食 ‎[练通]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎④As long as you keep a balanced (balance) diet, you can keep healthy.‎ ‎⑤You should balance the advantages against the disadvantages before you give up your present job.‎ 完成句子 ‎⑥We were struggling to keep_our_balance as the boat rolled.‎ 小船猛烈颠簸，我们努力保持平衡。‎ ‎⑦It's important to keep_the_balance_of_nature.‎ 保持生态平衡是很重要的。‎ 一句多译 我身体失去平衡，摔了一跤。‎ ‎⑧I_lost_my_balance_and_fell. (lose)‎ ‎⑨I_was_out_of_balance_and_fell. (be)‎ ‎[写美]‎ ‎⑩(2018·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)提到餐桌礼仪，你最好在饮酒和谈话之间保持平衡——少喝酒，少说话。‎ Speaking_of_table_manners,_you'd_better_keep_a_balance_between_drinking_and_talking_—_less_drinking,_less_talking.‎ ‎4．replace vt.代替，取代；把……放回原处；替换 ‎[记牢]‎ ‎(1)replace sth.with/by sth.　　 用某物替换某物 ‎(2) 代替某人 ‎[练通]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①I'll replace my old house with/by a new one when I get enough money.‎ ‎②Smartphones have taken the place of computers in our daily life.‎ 单句改错 ‎③When the boss was out, Tom took place of him to manage the company.place前加the 同义句改写 Our monitor will take the place of our head teacher to attend the meeting.‎ ‎④Our monitor will attend the meeting in_place_of_our_head_teacher.‎ ‎⑤Our monitor will take_our_head_teacher's_place to attend the meeting.‎ ‎⑥Our monitor will attend the meeting in_our_head_teacher's_place.‎ ‎[写美]‎ ‎⑦(2017·江苏高考书面表达)然而，去年中国经历了经济下滑。网络为爱好电影的人提供了选择。因此，网络开始取代电影院，导致了票房收入缓慢的增长。‎ However,_China_saw_a_decline_in_its_economic_growth_rate_last_year._And_the_Internet_increased_options_for_movie_lovers._Consequently,_the_Internet_began_to_replace_cinemas,_‎ leading_to_a_slower_growth_of_boxoffice_income.‎ ‎5．determined adj.有决心的 ‎[记牢]‎ ‎(1)be determined to do sth.　　　　 决心做某事 ‎(2)determine vt. 确定，决定；‎ ‎ 使下定决心 determine on/upon (doing) sth. 决定(做)某事 determine to do sth. 决定做某事 determine sb.to do sth. 使某人下决心做某事 determine＋that/wh从句 ... 决定……‎ ‎(3)determination n. 决心 with determination 坚决地；果断地 ‎[练通]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①She determined to_work (work) twice as hard as before to make up for the lost time.‎ ‎②Mary shows great determination (determine) to become a lawyer in future.‎ ‎③Determined (determine) to carry out the plan in time, they will make careful preparations.‎ 一句多译 我已决定毕业后到农村去。‎ ‎④I_have_determined_to_go_to_the_countryside_after_graduation. (determine to do)‎ ‎⑤I_have_determined_on/upon_going_to_the_countryside_after_graduation. (determine on/upon)‎ ‎⑥I_have_determined_that_I_am_going_to_the_countryside_after_graduation. (determine that ...)‎ ‎[用准]　(1)“决定做某事”的常见表达方式还有：make up one's mind to do sth., decide to do sth., make a decision to do sth.；‎ ‎(2)determined 为形容词化的过去分词，常作状语，类似的词语还有：(be) lost in, (be) faced with, (be) dressed in, (be) absorbed in, (be) buried in, (be) devoted to等。‎ ‎[写美]‎ ‎⑦(2015·重庆高考书面表达)作为一名高中生，最重要的任务是努力学习，那将决定我们的将来。‎ As_a_student_in_senior_high_school,_the_most_important_task_is_to_study_hard,_which_determines_our_future.‎ ‎6．concern vt.使忧虑；与……相关n.担心；关心；关切 ‎[记牢]‎ ‎(1)concern oneself with/about sth. 某人关心/担心某事 ‎(2)show/express concern for/about ...‎ ‎ 对……表示关心/忧虑 ‎(3)concerned adj. 关心的，担心的 be concerned about/for/that ... 担心；关心 be concerned with 与……有关；涉及 as/so far as ... be concerned 就……而言；依……之见 ‎(4)concerning prep. 关于 ‎[练通]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①The mother showed a great deal of concern for her son's illness.‎ ‎②I am writing to see if it is possible for you to provide me with information concerning (concern) the interview.‎ ‎③As/So far as I'm concerned (concern), it's wise not to spend much time playing with smart phones.‎ ‎④As we all know, the meeting is concerned with reforms.‎ 单句改错 ‎⑤As far as the present situations concerned, it is very difficult for you to avoid being accused of drunkdriving.situations_后加are_‎ 完成句子 ‎⑥I don't want to concern_myself_with his affairs. ‎ 我不想关心他的事情。‎ ‎[用准]　concerned 作定语时的位置：表示“忧虑的，担忧的，担心的”，作前置定语，如： a concerned look“担忧的表情”；表示“有关的，涉及的”，作后置定语，如： the authorities concerned“有关当局”。‎ ‎[写美]‎ ‎⑦(2016·江苏高考书面表达)就我而言，网络投票对人们和社会已开始表现出它的负面影响。‎ As_far_as_I'm_concerned,_Internet_voting_has_begun_to_show_its_negative_impacts_on_people_and_society.‎ ‎7．aware adj.知道的，意识到的 ‎[记牢]‎ ‎(1)　 知道/明白/意识到……‎ make sb.aware of sth. 让某人明白某事 as far as I'm aware ... 据我所知……‎ ‎(2)awareness n. 意识，觉悟 ‎[练通]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①It is necessary to make people aware of the importance of protecting wild animals.‎ ‎②Health officials have tried to raise awareness (aware) about AIDS among teenagers.‎ 单句改错 ‎③In conclusion, people around the world should be aware the real situation of water shortage. aware后加of 完成句子 ‎④As_far_as_I'm_aware,_we are supposed to earn money by working hard and we shouldn't be too greedy for wealth.‎ 据我所知，我们应该通过辛勤劳动赚钱，而且我们不应该对财富太贪婪。‎ ‎[写美]‎ ‎⑤(2016·浙江高考书面表达)我意识到成功来自良好的计划和更好的行动。‎ I_become_aware_that_success_comes_from_good_planning_and_better_doing.‎ ‎ [词汇过关综合训练]　‎ Ⅰ.单词拼写 ‎1．You can tell from his blue eyes that he isn't native (本土的) to China.‎ ‎2．I think this is perhaps the most enjoyable (使人快乐的) occasion we have ever had at the White House. ‎ ‎3．I felt a great sense of achievement (成就) when I reached the top of the mountain.‎ ‎4．Your father has told me of your success, and I am very pleased (高兴的) about it.‎ ‎5．There exist (存在) some new problems such as being dishonest.‎ ‎6．Investors sometimes get greedy (贪婪的) and therefore do not sell when they should.‎ ‎7．He removed (移除) the mud from his shoes before he entered the room.‎ ‎8．Though he tried several times, he suffered a series of defeats (失败)．‎ ‎9．Although you can find bargains (便宜货) in London, it's not generally a cheap place to shop.‎ ‎10．You are an expert in IT industry. Have you any comments (评论) to make on the latest developments?‎ Ⅱ.单句语法填空 ‎1．The key is to develop a balanced (balance) and varied program that is fun as well as ‎ progressive.‎ ‎2．They made a bargain with us, but they are trying to break it off.‎ ‎3．We appeal to all students and teachers to keep the environment clean.‎ ‎4．The poor boy was ashamed (shame) of his ragged clothes.‎ ‎5．There were varieties (various) of flowers in the park and many people went to have a look at weekends.‎ ‎6．He should have been aware of what his junior officers were doing.‎ ‎7．He was determined (determine) to get through the difficulties.‎ ‎8．It is still under discussion whether the old bus station should be replaced with/by a modern hotel or not.‎ Ⅲ.单句改错 ‎1．This company is more concerning with quality than with quantity.concerning→concerned ‎2．Their sudden attack made us more aware about the danger around us. about→of ‎3．I think the girl should feel ashamed for her bad behavior at school. for→of ‎4．I am a determining person, always willing to achieve higher goals.‎ determining→determined ‎5．The idea of living abroad doesn't appeal with everyone. with→to Ⅳ.完成句子 ‎1．Many people have come to realize that they should_keep_a_balanced_diet.‎ 许多人认识到他们应该保持均衡饮食。‎ ‎2．Track every penny you spend so that you will become_aware_of_your weakness.‎ 记录自己花的每一分钱，这样你就会意识到自己的弱点。‎ ‎3．I bought a dress for only 10 dollars; it was a_real_bargain.‎ 我只用10美元买了一件衣服，真便宜。‎ ‎4．The new film appealed_to many people because of its moving story.‎ 这部新电影因其感人的故事吸引了很多人。‎ ‎5．People all over the world are_concerned_about the problem of global warming.‎ 全世界的人们都在关心气候变暖的问题。‎ ‎(一)课前自主学习 ‎1．at_present　　　　　　　[串记1]　 目前，现在 ‎2．give_away 赠送；泄露(秘密)‎ ‎3．drop_out 退出；退学 ‎4．dream_up 凭空想出，虚构出 ‎5．be_determined_to_do_sth. [串记2] 决心做某事 ‎6．put_off 推迟 ‎7．appeal_to_... 吸引……；呼吁 ‎8．out_of_work　　　　　　[串记3] 失业 ‎9．make/earn_a_living 谋生 ‎10．take_turns 轮流 ‎11．turn_one's_back_on 不理睬；拒绝 ‎12．be_tired_of_...　　　 　[串记4] 厌倦了……‎ ‎13．be_concerned_about 对……关心，挂念 ‎14．a_variety_of 各种各样的 ‎15．what's_more 而且，此外 ‎16．be_associated_with 将……与……联系起来 ‎[同根短语串记]‎ 串记1.小议“at＋n.”短语 ‎①at hand在手边　　　　　　 ②at length最终，终于 ‎③at rest休息之中 ④at risk处境危险 ‎⑤at ease无忧无虑 ⑥at present目前，现在 串记2.“决心做某事”种种表达 ‎①be determined to do sth. ②decide to do sth.‎ ‎③make up one's mind to do sth.‎ 串记3.“out of＋n.”短语大观园 ‎①out of work失业 ②out of order出故障 ‎③out of curiosity出于好奇 ④out of sympathy出于同情 ‎⑤out of question没问题 ⑥out of control失去控制 串记4.“对……感到厌烦”表达种种 ‎①be/grow tired of ②be fed up with ‎③be bored with ④be sick of ‎⑤have enough of ‎1．find different ways to be happy　　 寻求快乐的不同方法 ‎2．earn a lot of money 赚许多钱 ‎3．go back to being rich 回到富人行列 ‎4．think about all the enjoyable things 考虑所有令人快乐的事 ‎5．achieve their goals 实现他们的目标 ‎6．agree with this point of view 同意这个观点 ‎7．keep the natural balance 保持自然界的平衡 ‎8．in many noisy situations 在许多嘈杂的场合 ‎1．There are certainly no signs that_Charles_was_a_rich_man!‎ 当然没有任何迹象表明查尔斯曾是一个富翁！‎ ‎2．If so, it is time for you to think again.‎ 如果这样的话，你需要再考虑一下了。‎ ‎3．How come?‎ 怎么会？‎ ‎4．They are very practical and easy to wash.‎ 它们非常实用，而且便于清洗。‎ ‎ [学考对接·活学活用]‎ 高考采撷(一)　阅读中的词块与句式 ‎1. (2017·浙江高考完形)Alia Baker is a librarian in Iraq. Her library used to be a meeting place for all who loved books and liked to share knowledge. They discussed various matters all over the world.(用本单元短语替换加黑词汇) a_variety_of ‎2．(2015·浙江高考完形)But what about the personal and social costs involved in pursuing money over meaning? These are exactly the kinds of costs many of us tend to ignore — and the very ones we need to consider most.(用本单元短语替换加黑词汇) _take_our_back_on 高考采撷(二)　写作中的词块与句式 ‎(根据汉语及提示翻译句子)‎ ‎1. (2014·安徽高考书面表达)其次，和朋友到户外进行团队活动，来消除你的生气也是很有帮助的。(adj.＋to do)‎ Second,_go_outdoors_and_play_team_games_with_your_friends_as_physical_exercise,_which_is_also_helpful_to_get_rid_of_your_anger.‎ ‎2．(2014·北京高考书面表达)他接受了我们的建议：再开一个通往停车场的门。现在我们停车很容易了。(that引导的同位语从句)‎ He_accepted_our_suggestion_that_a_second_entrance_was_opened_to_the_parking_place._Now_it_is_easy_for_us_to_park.‎ ‎(二)课堂重点释疑 ‎[短语集释]‎ ‎1．drop out退出；退学；减少 ‎[记牢]‎ drop by/over　　　　　　 顺便拜访 drop in (on sb./at sp.) 顺便拜访(某人/某地)‎ drop off 落下；不知不觉入睡；送下车，送到；减少 drop out of 从……中退出 drop behind 落后，落伍 ‎[练通]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①In the old days many girls in the countryside had to drop out of school.‎ ‎②Be sure to drop in on me when you can spare a moment.‎ ‎③If I do drop off,_wake me as soon as Martin arrives, won't you?‎ 完成句子 ‎④She_usually_drops_the_kids_off_at_school on her way to work.‎ 她通常在上班的路上让孩子下车去学校。‎ ‎⑤Her long illness caused her to drop_behind_the_rest_of_the_class.‎ 她长期生病使她落后于班上的其他同学。‎ ‎[写美]‎ ‎⑥(2018·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)除此之外，你最好带一些小礼物，例如你家乡的特产。当然，如果你是顺路拜访朋友的话，就没有什么必要了。‎ Besides,_you'd_better_bring_some_little_gifts,_such_as_a_special_food_or_drink_from_your_country._Of_course,_if_you_drop_in_on_friends,_it_is_not_necessary. ‎ ‎2．give away赠送，捐赠；泄露(秘密)；颁发；放弃 ‎[辨清]　写出下列句中give away的含义 ‎①We have six copies of the book to give away. 捐赠 ‎②People give away much more by their gestures than by their words. 泄露 ‎③The mayor gave away the prizes at the school sports day. 颁发 ‎[记牢]‎ give off　　　　 发出(气味、热、光)‎ give out 分发，分配；发表；散发；精疲力竭，用尽 give way to 撤退；让步，让路；让……优先 give in 屈服，让步 ‎[练通]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎④(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)Scientists have found that all kinds of plants give out_VOCs when being attacked.‎ ‎⑤For another, bicycles are environmentally friendly because they won't give off waste gas.‎ 完成句子 ‎⑥He is such a determined person that he_will_never_give_in_to_any_difficulties.‎ 他是一位如此意志坚定的人，以至于他从来不屈服于任何困难。‎ ‎⑦We finally had to give_way_to_his_persuasion.‎ 我们最后听从了他的劝告。‎ ‎[写美]‎ ‎⑧(2018·天津高考书面表达)我想邀请你来参加。一旦你在世界青少年机器人技能竞赛中获得一等奖，将会赠送一套有关机器人的书。‎ I_would_like_to_invite_you_to_join._Once_you_win_first_prize_in_the_World_Adolescent_Robotics_Competition,_you_will_be_given_away_a_set_of_books_about_robots.‎ ‎3．put off推迟，延期；拖延；使反感；脱掉(衣帽)；(停车)让某人下车 ‎[辨清]　写出下列句中put off的含义 ‎①The sports meet was put off because of the rain. 推迟，延期 ‎②After I came into the house, I put off my coat. 脱掉 ‎③She's very clever but her manner does tend to put people off. 使反感 ‎④I asked the bus driver to put me off near the hotel. 让某人下车 ‎[记牢]‎ put aside　　　　　　　　 不理睬；储存 put away 将……收起 put down 放下；记下；镇压 put forward 提出(意见、建议等)‎ put on 穿上，戴上；上演(戏剧等)‎ put out 熄灭，扑灭 put up 举起；张贴；投宿 put up with 忍受，容忍 put together 合计 put through 接通；完成；使从事，使经受 ‎[练通]　完成句子 ‎⑤He put aside his book and began to listen to me.‎ 他把书放在一边，开始听我讲话。‎ ‎⑥It may not be a great suggestion. But before a better one is_put_forward,_we'll make do with it.‎ 这也许不是一个很好的建议。但在提出一个更好的建议之前，我们还是凑合着用吧。‎ ‎⑦If you are cold, put_on_more_clothes instead of turning up the heat.‎ 如果你觉得冷，就多穿点衣服，而不是把暖气开大。‎ ‎⑧I can put_up_with the house being untidy, but I hate it if it's not clean.‎ 房子里东西凌乱我能忍，但是如果它不干净那么我很讨厌它。‎ ‎[写美]‎ ‎⑨(2015·广东高考书面表达)对一些学生来说推迟作业已经成为一种习惯。‎ It_has_become_a_habit_for_some_students_to_put_off_their_homework.‎ ‎[句式集释]‎ ‎1．that引导的同位语从句 ‎[教材原句]　There are certainly no signs that Charles was a rich man!‎ ‎[悟拓展例句]‎ ‎(1)The_idea_that you can do this work well without thinking is quite wrong.‎ 你认为不动脑子就能做好这件工作的想法是完全错误的。‎ ‎(2)The manager put forward a suggestion that we (should)_have_an_assistant.‎ 经理提出了我们应该有一个助手的建议。‎ ‎(3)I have no idea when he will come back.‎ 我不知道他什么时候回来。‎ ‎[析用法规则]‎ 用法归纳 ‎(1)从属连词 that 引导同位语从句时，常跟在某些抽象名词如： fact, hope, desire, thought, suggestion, idea, news, problem, possibility, chance, plan,‎ ‎ question等之后，对前面的名词起补充说明的作用。‎ ‎(2)在某些名词(如demand, wish, suggestion, request等)后面的同位语从句要用“(should＋)do”表示虚拟语气。‎ ‎(3)同位语从句也可以由连接代词who, what, whose, which；连接副词how, when, where, why或从属连词whether来引导。‎ ‎[背写作佳句]‎ ‎(1)(2016·江苏高考满分作文)It is the fact that online voting becomes increasingly popular, and many competitions get people involved in it.(开头句)‎ ‎(2)(2018·全国卷Ⅱ满分作文)It tells the story that our school grew up, from small to large, from weak to strong.(要点句)‎ ‎(3)(2018·江苏高考满分作文)There is no doubt that it is unwise to depend completely on the ratings in consumption.(要点句)‎ ‎2．if so省略形式 ‎[教材原句]　If_so,_it is time for you to think again.‎ ‎[悟拓展例句]‎ ‎(1)(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)If the steps you take are working, keep it up. If_not,_take another look at other methods you could try.‎ 如果你采取的步骤起作用，继续下去。否则，再看看其他的方法。‎ ‎(2)If_possible,_try to go to bed and get up at the same time every day.‎ 如果可能的话，尝试每天都在同一时间睡觉和起床。‎ ‎(3)Do you have come up with new ideas? If_so,_we would like to hear from you.‎ 你有什么新的想法吗？如果是这样的话，我们很愿意收到你的来信。‎ ‎[析用法规则]‎ 用法归纳 ‎(1)If not“如果不的话；否则”。‎ ‎(2)If possible相当于If it is possible，从句省略了it is。‎ ‎(3)If so相当于If you are interested。‎ 注意事项 在表示时间、地点、条件或让步的从句中，如果谓语中含有be动词，主语又和主句的主语一致或者从句主语是it (有时是there be)，常把从句中的主语和be动词省略。‎ ‎[背写作佳句]‎ ‎(1)(2018·北京高考写作佳句)To be frank, studying for a degree in a different culture is never easy. If possible, you'd better learn some basic Chinese before you come.(要点句)‎ ‎(2)I might be away next week. If so, I won't be able to see you. (要点句)‎ ‎(3)(2016·全国卷Ⅱ满分作文)You take good pictures and you are ready to do something for environmental protection. If so, you can send your photos to intlphotoshow@gmschool. com.(总结句)‎ ‎[词块、句式过关综合训练]　‎ Ⅰ.选词填空 drop out， out of work， a variety of， turn one's back on， give away， be determined to， put off， dream up ‎1．If you give_away the secret, you'll have to answer for it.‎ ‎2．Trust you to dream_up a crazy idea like this!‎ ‎3．He had to drop_out of the race because his leg was injured.‎ ‎4．It would be much better to_put_off the meeting till Friday because of the bad weather.‎ ‎5．He is_determined_to take good care of his parents from now on.‎ ‎6．Because of financial crisis, many people have been out_of_work recently.‎ ‎7．He turned_his_back_on his wife when he became famous.‎ ‎8．People change their mind for a_variety_of reasons.‎ Ⅱ.句型转换/完成句子 ‎1．I would prefer to have a cup of tea, if it is possible. ‎ ‎→I would prefer to have a cup of tea, if possible. ‎ ‎2．The news that_we_are_having_a_holiday_tomorrow is not true.‎ 明天放假的消息不可靠。‎ ‎3．The_appointment_was_put_off because of his illness.‎ 由于他生病，约会被推迟了。‎ ‎4．How_come he hasn't been able to be as good this year?‎ 为什么他今年表现不及往常呢？‎ ‎5．Research suggests that children whose parents split up are more likely to drop_out_of_high_school.‎ 研究表明，父母离异的孩子更容易从中学辍学。‎ Ⅲ.分步写作 假如你是一名电脑销售人员，请根据下面提示用英语向客户做一个口头的产品介绍。内容包括：‎ ‎1．品名和产地；‎ ‎2．功能；‎ ‎3．价格便宜，呼吁人们购买。‎ 注意：1.词数100左右；‎ ‎2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；‎ ‎3．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。‎ Ladies and gentlemen，‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ 　‎ ‎ ‎ Thanks.‎ 第一步：准确审题，理行文脉络，拟写作要点 本写作属于说明文，时态为一般现在时，人称为第一人称。要点可以从下面三部分着手：一是品名和产地的介绍；二是功能的介绍；三是价格便宜，呼吁人们购买。要点表达要力求准确全面，避免跑题。‎ 要点1：让我给大家介绍我们的新产品Stone Home Computer，由天津家用电脑公司制造。‎ Let_me_introduce_our_new_Stone_Home_Computer_to_you_all._It_is_made_in_Tianjin,_by_Tianjin_Home_Computer_Company.‎ 要点2：它有各种各样的功能。‎ The_computer_has_a_variety_of_functions.‎ 要点3：它只花你5 000元。你应该买这种电脑。‎ It_will_cost_you_only_5,000_yuan._You_should_buy_this_kind_of_computer.‎ 第二步：添加细节，文意更丰满，表达更亮眼 要点1可使用which引导的非限制性定语从句；要点2可补充内容(电脑硬盘大、处理图片的优势、带有更清晰图像的电影或DVD、帮助人们学习和娱乐)表达时可使用so ... that句型，it is＋adj.＋to do sth.结构，find＋it＋adj.＋to so sth.结构以及what引导的主语从句；要点3可使用不定式短语作主语。‎ 拓展1：让我给大家介绍我们的新产品Stone Home Computer，由天津家用电脑公司制造。(which引导的非限制性定语从句)‎ Let_me_introduce_our_new_Stone_Home_Computer_to_you_all,_which_is_made_in_Tianjin,_by_Tianjin_Home_Computer_Company.‎ 拓展2－①：电脑硬盘是如此大以至于能存储更多有用的信息。(so ... that)‎ The_computer_has_so_large_a_hard_disk_that_it_can_store_much_more_useful_‎ information.‎ 拓展2－②：它处理各种图片更为方便快捷。(it is＋adj.＋to do sth.)‎ It_is_more_convenient_and_much_faster_to_deal_with_all_kinds_of_pictures.‎ 拓展2－③：你会发现看带有更清晰图像的电影或DVD更容易。(find it＋adj.＋to do sth.)‎ You_will_find_it_easier_to_see_films_or_DVDs_with_clearer_pictures.‎ 拓展2－④：以上我提到的将极大地帮助人们学习和娱乐。(what引导的主语从句)‎ What_I_mention_above_will_greatly_help_people_learn_and_amuse.‎ 拓展3：它只花你5 000元。买这种电脑是你最好的选择。(不定式短语作主语)‎ It_will_cost_you_only_5,000_yuan._To_buy_one_computer_of_this_kind_is_your_best_choice.‎ 第三步：连句成文，排语句顺序，重衔接过渡 用now开门见山点出介绍的产品；中间列举要点，用到连接词，如first of all， besides， also， of course， however；结尾用It is good value for money做总结。‎ Ladies_and_gentlemen，‎ Now_let_me_introduce_our_new_Stone_Home_Computer_to_you_all,_which_is_made_in_Tianjin,_by_Tianjin_Home_Computer_Company._The_computer_has_a_variety_of_functions._First_of_all,_the_computer_has_so_large_a_hard_disk_that_it_can_store_much_more_useful_information._Besides,_it_is_more_convenient_and_much_faster_to_deal_with_all_kinds_of_pictures._Also,_you_will_find_it_easier_for_you_to_see_films_or_DVDs_with_clearer_pictures._Of_course,_what_I_mention_above_will_greatly_help_people_learn_and_amuse._However,_it_will_cost_you_only_5,000_yuan._To_buy_one_computer_of_this_kind_is_your_best_choice._It_is_good_value_for_money.‎ Thanks.‎ 理清文体结构之(十)　说明文之事理类——掌握行文结构最重要 事理类说明文在某个程度上与议论文相似，在文章开头往往提出一个现象，接着以科学研究成果为例，说明这个现象的普遍性与真实性，在文章最后给出结论，与篇首的现象相互印证。‎ ‎　　[高考典例]　2016·天津卷·C篇 ‎[速读全文，理行文结构]‎ ‎　　[1]When John was growing up, other kids felt sorry for him. His parents always had him weeding the garden, carrying out the garbage and delivering newspapers. But when John reached adulthood, he was better off than his childhood playmates. He had more job satisfaction, a better marriage and was healthier. Most of all, he was happier. Far happier.‎ ‎[2]These are the findings of a 40year study that followed the lives of 456 teenage boys from Boston. The study showed that those who had worked as boys enjoyed happier and more productive lives than those who had not. “Boys who worked in the home or community gained competence (能力) and came to feel they were worthwhile members of society，” said George Vaillant, the psychologist (心理学家) who made the discovery. “And because they felt good about themselves, others felt good about them.”‎ ‎[3]Vaillant's study followed these males in great detail. Interviews were repeated at ages 25, 31 and 47. Under Vaillant, the researchers compared the men's mentalhealth scores with their boyhoodactivity scores. Points were awarded for parttime jobs, housework, effort in school, and ability to deal with problems.‎ ‎[4]The link between what the men had done as boys and how they turned out as adults was surprisingly sharp. Those who had done the most boyhood activities were twice as likely to have warm relations with a wide variety of people, five times as likely to be well paid and 16 times less likely to have been unemployed. The researchers also found that IQ and family social and economic class made no real difference in how the boys turned out.‎ ‎[5]Working — at any age — is important. Childhood activities help a child develop responsibility, independence, confidence and competence — the underpinnings (基础) of emotional health. They ‎1.提出现象(第1段)‎ 童年时期帮助做家务的孩子长大后更快乐。(可解46题)‎ ‎2.以研究成果为例说明该现象的普遍性和真实性 用数字验证现象 ‎3.给出结论 第5段点明工作的重要性，童年时期的各项活动能够帮助孩子情感健康发展，这也印证了第1段提出的现象。(可解50题)‎ ‎ also help him understand that people must cooperate and work toward common goals. The most competent adults are those who know how to do this. Yet work isn't everything. As Tolstoy once said, “One can live magnificently in this world if one knows how to work and how to love, to work for the person one loves and to love one's work.”‎ ‎ [定区间·细比对]‎ ‎46．What do we know about John?‎ A．He enjoyed his career and marriage.‎ B．He had few childhood playmates.‎ C．He received little love from his family.‎ D．He was envied by others in his childhood.‎ ‎50．What can be inferred from the last paragraph?‎ A．Competent adults know more about love than work.‎ B．Emotional health is essential to a wonderful adult life.‎ C．Love brings more joy to people than work does.‎ D．Independence is the key to one's success.‎ ‎[答案]　46.A　50.B ‎46．由题干关键词定位到第1段划波浪线部分，分析得出答案。‎ ‎50．由题干关键词定位到最后一段(结论段)，归纳得出答案。‎