2021届通用版高考英语一轮语法复习专练学案：专题15并列句和三大从句专练二 7页

‎2021高考英语一轮复习语法考点并列句和三大从句专练（二）‎ 一、基础达标测试（本题共20小题，每题1分，共20分）‎ ‎1.Work hard ______ you will fail the exam.‎ ‎【答案】or ‎【解析】本题考查并列连词。句意：努力学习，否则你考试会不及格的。or否则，并列连词。根据句意，故填or.‎ ‎2.Many of them are American, ________ we reject the idea that we have lost our edge as the best international film festival.‎ ‎【答案】but ‎【解析】本题考查并列连词。句意：其中许多都是美国影片，但我们拒绝接受这样的观点：我们已经丧失了作为最佳国际电影节的优势。根据句意可知，前后句是转折关系，故填but. 3.Then, after two and a half years, the mother drove the young panda away. It was time for her to have a new baby, ______ it was also time for the young panda to be independent.‎ ‎【答案】and ‎【解析】本题考查并列连词。句意：接下来，两年半后，妈妈把小熊猫赶走了。她是时候生一个新宝宝了，小熊猫也是时候独立了。分析可知，两个完整的分句之间应该有连词连接。前后分句之间为并列关系，所以用and.故填and.‎ ‎4.When hunger strikes, we can reach for a healthy, nutritious meal,             we can choose the junk food of high sugar.‎ ‎【答案】or ‎【解析】本题考查并列连词。句意：当饥饿来袭时，我们可以吃一顿健康、有营养的饭，或者我们可以选择高糖的垃圾食品。两个分句之间为选择关系。故填or.‎ ‎5.I am not afraid of tomorrow, ________ I have seen yesterday and I love today.‎ ‎【答案】for ‎【解析】本题考查并列连词。句意：我不害怕明天，因为我已经看到了昨天，而且我热爱今天。根据空格前后语句间在语义上是因果关系，并列连词for意为“因为”，符合语境，故填for.‎ ‎6.He waited ________ all the luggage was cleared, but his never appeared.‎ ‎【答案】until/till ‎【解析】本题考查状语从句。由句子结构可知，空处需用从属连词引导状语从句；结合句意“他一直等到所有的行李都清了，但他的行李从未出现过”可知，此处需用从属连词until/till引导时间状语从句，表示“直到……”。故填until/till.‎ ‎7.Hardly had we left the dormitory the next morning ________ we realized we had left our map in the room.‎ ‎【答案】when ‎【解析】本题考查时间状语从句和倒装句式。句意：第二天早上我们刚离开宿舍，就意识到把地图忘在房间里了。hardly...when...“一……就……”，固定短语，此处hardly放句首，主句用部分倒装结构。故填when.‎ ‎8.It wasn't long ________ we met again.‎ ‎【答案】before ‎【解析】本题考查时间状语从句。句意：不久我们又见面了。此处考查固定句型It wasn't long before...，表示“不久以后就……”，故填before.‎ ‎9.You'll never move others, heart to heart, ________ your speech comes from your heart.‎ ‎【答案】unless ‎【解析】本题考查条件状语从句。句意：除非你的演讲发自内心，否则你永远不会真心感动别人。结合句意和句子结构可知，空处需用从属连词“unless如果不，除非”引导条件状语从句。故填unless.‎ ‎10.You can’t come in ________ children are not allowed in this place.‎ ‎【答案】because ‎【解析】本题考查原因状语从句 ‎。句意：你不能进来，因为这里不允许孩子进来。因为because，连词，引导原因状语从句。故填because.‎ ‎11.The website says, it's time to start by reading aloud to anyone _____ might like it.‎ ‎【答案】who/that ‎【解析】本题考查定语从句。句意：网站说，是到了对任何一个可能喜欢阅读的人大声朗读的时候了。设空处及后面内容为限定性定语从句，修饰anyone，指人，故填who/that.‎ ‎12.I wish to thank Professor Smith, without ___ help I would never have got this far.‎ ‎【答案】whose ‎【解析】本题考查定语从句。句意：我希望感谢Professor Smith，要是没有了他的帮助，我不可能走这么远。本题定语从句的先行词是Professor Smith，在定语从句中，whose指代先行词Professor Smith，在句中作为help的定语。定语从句关系代词只有whose可以放在名词前面做定语，故填whose.‎ ‎13.He talked a lot about things and persons ______ they remembered in the school.‎ ‎【答案】that ‎【解析】本题考查定语从句。句意：他谈论了很多他们记住的在学校里的人和事情。这个定语从句中的关系词在从句中充当宾语的成分，所以要用关系代词；而先行词是things and persons既有人，又有物，所以要用关系代词that.故填that.‎ ‎14.The book tells stories of the earthquake through the eyes of those        lives were affected.‎ ‎【答案】whose ‎【解析】本题考查定语从句。句意：这本书透过生活受到地震影响的人们的视角讲述地震的故事。先行词是those，指地震受灾者，定语从句中的lives是名词“生命”的意思，从句缺少定语；whose作定语，相当于and their lives.故填whose.‎ ‎15.__________ everyone knows, China is a beautiful country with a long history ‎【答案】As ‎【解析】本题考查定语从句。句意：众所周知，中国是一个有着悠久历史的美丽国家。分析句子可知，_____ everyone knows是定语从句，关系词指代整个主句，从句置句首，用关系代词as，表示“如同”，as everyone know“众所周知”，置句首单词首字母大写，故填As. 16.John invited about 40 people to his wedding, most of _______ are family members ‎【答案】whom ‎【解析】本题考查定语从句的引导词。空格后是定语从句，从句中缺少主语，所以引导词要用关系代词，先行词是people，是人，空格前有介词of，介词后表示人的关系代词只能用宾格的whom，故填whom.‎ ‎17.It's good to know _______ the dogs will be well cared for while we're away.‎ ‎【答案】that ‎【解析】本题考查宾语从句引导词。分析句子结构可知，此处为know的宾语从句，从句成分齐全，句意完整，故由连接词that引导。故填that.‎ ‎18.Suddenly it occurred to me ________ I should report the accident to the police.‎ ‎【答案】that ‎【解析】本题考查主语从句和固定句型。It occurred to me that...我突然想起……，固定句型，此处it是形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的主语从句，此处句意为“我突然想到我应该向警方报案。”。故填that. 19.As a new graduate, he doesn't know _________ it takes to start a business here.‎ ‎【答案】what ‎【解析】本题考查名词性从句。句意：作为新的毕业生，他不知道在这里开公司需要些什么。分析句意可知，此句是宾语从句，从句中谓语动词take缺少宾语，表示“事物”。故填what.‎ ‎20.I hate it ________ you throw my things out without talking to me.‎ ‎【答案】when ‎【解析】本题考查宾语从句引导词。句意：我讨厌你不跟我说一声就把我的东西扔了。句中it做形式宾语，真正的宾语为________ you throw my things out without talking to me，从句中不缺主语或宾语，根据句意可知，句子也可以理解为”当你不跟我说一声就把我的东西扔了的时候，我就觉得很讨厌“，因此从句中缺少”当......的时候“，因此引导词用when，故填when. 二、真题实战演练（本题共10小题，每题1.5分，共15分）‎ ‎1.（2020.全国卷II）Now Irene Astbury works from 9am to 5pm daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield， ______ she opened with her late husband Les.‎ ‎【答案】which ‎【解析】考查非限制性定语从句关系代词。分析句子结构可知，先行词为the pet shop，在非限制性定语从句中作opened一词的宾语，故用which.‎ ‎2.（2020.全国卷II）I work not because I have to, ______ because I want to.‎ ‎【答案】but ‎【解析】考查并列连词。句意：我工作不是因为我不得不做，而是因为我想做。根据句意逻辑，此处为转折关系， “不是…而是 …”之意，故填but.‎ ‎3.（201.9北京卷）What students do at college seems to matter much more than _____ they go.‎ ‎【答案】where ‎【解析】考查宾语从句引导词。句意：学生在大学里做什么似乎比去哪里（哪所大学）更重要。这里表达去哪所大学，表示地点，作状语。故用where.‎ ‎4.（201.9北京卷）The students benefiting most from college are those ______ are totally engaged(参与)in academic life,taking full advantage of the college’s chances and resources(资源).‎ ‎【答案】who/that ‎【解析】考查定语从句关系代词。句意：从大学中获益最多的学生是那些完全投入学术生活的学生。______ are totally engaged(参与)in academic life.是定语从句，修饰先行词those，空格处在句中做主语，代指人，故填who或that.‎ ‎5.（2019.全国卷II）The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005 — when the government started a soil-testing program gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers — and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons. ‎ ‎【答案】that/which ‎【解析】考查定语从句。定语从句的先行词为program,指物,关系词在从句中作主语,故使用关系代词that或which。句意:中国农业部发现在2005年和2011年之间,化肥的使用减少了770万吨。2005年政府启动了土壤检测项目,它向农民推荐特定的化肥。故填that/which.‎ ‎6.（2019.全国卷III）I’m not sure is more frightened, me or the female gorilla (大猩猩) that suddenly appears out of nowhere. ‎ ‎【答案】who　‎ ‎【解析】考查宾语从句引导词。此处表示“我不确定谁更感到害怕”。“is more frightened”为宾语从句,该从句缺少主语,故填who.‎ ‎7.（2017.全国卷I）Like anything, it is possible to have too much of both,　      is not good for the health.‎ ‎【答案】which ‎【解析】考查定语从句。句意:和其他东西一样,两者都有可能食用过多,这对健康是没有好处的。设空处指代前面的一句话,引导非限制性定语从句,故填which.‎ ‎8.(2016·全国卷I ) In much of Asia, especially the so-called＂rice bowl＂ cultures of China, Japan, Korea, Vietnam, food is usually eaten with chopsticks.‎ ‎【答案】and ‎ ‎【解析】考查并列连词。这里列举了一些亚洲国家的名字，是并列关系，故在最后两个名词之间用and来连接。故填and.‎ ‎9.(2016·四川卷) it cried, she rocked it back and forth and gave it little comforting pats.‎ ‎【答案】When/If ‎【解析】考查从句连词。观察句子结构可知，当幼崽哭了或者如果幼崽哭了，句首第一个字母大写，故填When/If.‎ ‎10.（2015.全国卷II）As natural architects, the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days.‎ ‎【答案】how     ‎ ‎【解析】考查名词性从句。句意：美国西南部印第安人们清楚土坯墙需要多么厚，才能最好地保证房内冷热的循环。“____thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days”是figure out的宾语从句。由句意可知，该从句要用how引导。how修饰形容词thick，意为“多么”。故填how.‎ 三、并列句和三大从句专项综合训练（本题共10小题，每题1.5分，共15分）‎ There was a time __1__ I was tired of learning English and disliked to speak English.And this was __2__ my father forced me to join in a 30day training in an English club before I went to senior high school.When I first came to the club, __3__ I met many strangers, I missed my parents very much.So I packed up my things and wanted to go home.Fortunately, my guide, __4__ teacher was Yu Minhong, communicated with me facetoface, from __5__ I gained some useful instructions.He also showed me a good partner, and we got along well with each other.Gradually I adapted to the life there.Every day I would like to talk to other teenagers and set down a series of activities __6__ we did.I should be grateful to my father and the guide, __7__ encouraged me to fall in love with English.Now I feel it interesting __8__ I put my entire energy into learning English. Every day I read my words and passages aloud.In class I join in English discussions.Before I go to sleep, I recall the passages, through __9__ I can memorize a large number of new words. __10__ our English teacher says, “As long as you form the habit of learning English every day and have perseverance, you will conquer English sooner or later.” ‎ ‎1.【答案】when　‎ ‎【解析】本题考查定语从句关系副词用法。句意：有一段时间，我讨厌学英语并且不喜欢说英语。There was a time when... “有一段时间……”。故填when.‎ ‎2.【答案】why　‎ ‎【解析】本题考查表语语从句用法。This is/was why... “这就是……的原因”。故填why.‎ ‎3.【答案】where　‎ ‎【解析】本题考查定语从句关系副词用法。先行词是the club，关系词在从句中作地点状语，故填where.‎ ‎4.【答案】whose　‎ ‎【解析】本题考查定语从句关系代词用法。先行词为my guide，代入定语从句后为：My guide's teacher was Yu Minhong.由此可见，先行词与teacher之间是所属关系，故填whose.‎ ‎5.【答案】which　‎ ‎【解析】本题考查定语从句介词+关系代词用法。先行词为“my guide communicated with me facetoface”；先行词在定语从句中作from的宾语，且介词from提前，故填which.‎ ‎6.【答案】that/which/不填　‎ ‎【解析】本题考查定语从句关系代词用法。先行词是activities，且先行词在定语从句中作宾语，故填关系代词that/which.‎ ‎7.【答案】who　‎ ‎【解析】本题考查定语从句关系代词用法。先行词为my father and the guide，关系词在定语从句中作主语，且指“人”，故填who.‎ ‎8.【答案】that　‎ ‎【解析】本题考查宾语从句用法。句意：现在我觉得我把我的全部精力都花在学习英语上很有趣。在句式feel it interesting that中，代词it指代that从句，充当宾语，是形式宾语，that为句中真正的宾语，是宾语从句。并且that在宾语从句在不作任何成分。故填that.‎ ‎9.【答案】which　‎ ‎【解析】本题考查定语从句介词+关系代词用法。每天入睡前我总是回忆所学的文章，通过这种方法，我能记住大量的英语生词。先行词为I recall the passages，关系词在定语从句中作介词through的宾语，且介词已被提前，故填which.‎ ‎10.【答案】As　‎ ‎【解析】本题考查非限制性定语从句的用法。句意：正如我们英语老师所说的：“只要你们养成每天学英语的习惯并且坚持不懈，你们迟早会征服英语。”非限制性定语从句置于句首，指代引号内直接引语的内容，故填As. ‎