2020届人教版高中英语复习选修6学案：Unit3Ahealthylife 22页

Unit 3 A healthy life 一、刷黑板—— Ⅰ.阅读词汇(英译汉)‎ ‎[第一屏听写]‎ ‎1．withdrawal n．　　　　 收回；撤退；戒毒(或脱瘾)过程 ‎2．lung n. 肺 ‎3．pregnant adj. 怀孕的 ‎4．abnormal adj. 畸形的；异常的 ‎5．packet n. 小包；小盒　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　 ‎ ‎[第二屏听写]‎ ‎6．appendix n．　　　　　 附录；附件 ‎7．pill n. 药丸；药片 ‎8．AIDS 艾滋病(获得性免疫缺损综合征)‎ ‎9．nicotine n. 尼古丁 ‎10．immune adj. 有免疫力的 ‎11．needle n. 针；(注射器的)针头　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　 ‎ ‎[第三屏听写]‎ ‎12．abortion n．　　　　　 流产；中途失败 ‎13．cigar n. 雪茄烟 ‎14．spill vi. 溢出；洒落 vt. 使溢出；使洒落 ‎15．obesity n. (过度)肥胖；肥胖症 ‎16．comprehension n. 理解(力)　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　 ‎ Ⅱ.高频词汇(汉译英)‎ ‎[第四屏听写]‎ ‎1．cigarette n．　　　 　　 香烟；纸烟 ‎2．alcohol n. 酒；酒精 ‎3．alcoholic adj. 酒精的 ‎4．abuse n．&vt. 滥用；虐待 ‎5．fitness n. 健康 ‎6．stress n. 压力；重音 vt. 加压力于；使紧张　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　‎ ‎[第五屏听写]‎ ‎7．stressful adj.　　 　　 产生压力的；紧张的 ‎8．adolescent n. 青少年 adj. 青春期的 ‎9．adolescence n. 青春期 ‎10．ban vt. 禁止；取缔 n. 禁令；谴责 ‎11．due adj. 欠款的；预定的；到期的　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　 ‎ ‎[第六屏听写]‎ ‎12．tough adj.　　 　　　 困难的；强硬的 ‎13．addicted adj. 入了迷的；上了瘾的 ‎14．accustom vt. 使习惯于 ‎15．accustomed adj. 惯常的；习惯了的 ‎16．automatic adj. 无意识的；自动的 ‎17．automatically adv. 无意识地；自动地　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　‎ ‎ [第七屏听写]‎ ‎18．mental adj.　　　　　 精神的；智力的 ‎19．mentally adv. 精神上；智力上 ‎20．quit vt. 停止(做某事)；离开 ‎21．effect n. 结果；效力 ‎22．badtempered adj. 脾气暴躁的；易怒的 ‎23．breathless adj. 气喘吁吁的；屏息的 ‎24．unfit adj. 不健康的；不合适的；不合格的 ‎25．strengthen vt. 加强；巩固；使坚强 vi. 变强　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　‎ ‎[第八屏听写]‎ ‎26．relaxation n．　　　　　 放松；松弛 ‎27．desperate adj. 绝望的；拼命的 ‎28．chemist n. 药剂师；化学家 ‎29．disappointed adj. 失望的；沮丧的 ‎30．weaken vi. (对某事的决心)动摇；减弱 vt. (使)变弱 ‎31．ashamed adj. 感到惭愧或羞耻的　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　‎ ‎[第九屏听写]‎ ‎32．illegal adj.　　　　　　 不合法的；违法的 ‎33．robbery n. 抢劫；盗窃 ‎34．slippery adj. 滑的 ‎35．survival n. 幸存 ‎36．sex n. 性；性别 ‎37．male adj. 男性的；雄性的 n. 男人；雄性动(植)物　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　‎ ‎[第十屏听写]‎ ‎ 38．female adj.　　　　　　 女性的；雌性的 n. 雌性的动(植)物；女人 ‎39．prejudice n. 偏见；成见 ‎40．judgement n. 看法；判决；判断 ‎41．embarrassed adj. 尴尬的；陷入困境的 ‎42．awkward adj. 局促不安的；笨拙的 ‎43．decide_on 对……作出决定 ‎44．feel_like_(doing) 想要(做)……　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　‎ ‎[第十一屏听写]‎ ‎ 45．in_spite_of　　　　　　　 不顾；不管 ‎46．take_risks_(a_risk) 冒险 ‎47．get_into 陷入；染上(坏习惯)‎ ‎48．at_risk 处境危险；遭受危险 ‎49．due_to 由于……‎ ‎50．addicted_to 对……有瘾 ‎51．accustomed_to 习惯于……‎ 二、刷清单—— ‎(一)核心单词 阅读单词 ‎1.nicotine n．　　　　尼古丁 ‎2．lung n. 肺 ‎3．pregnant adj. 怀孕的 ‎4．abnormal n. 畸形的；异常的 ‎5．appendix n. 附录；附件 ‎6.pill n．　　　 药丸；药片 ‎7．AIDS 艾滋病(获得性免疫缺损综合征)‎ ‎8．immune adj. 有免疫力的 ‎9．withdrawal n. 收回；撤退；戒毒(或脱瘾)过程 ‎10.needle n．　 　　针；(注射器的)针头 ‎11．abortion n. 流产；中途失败 ‎12．spill vi. & vt. (使)溢出；(使)洒落 ‎13．packet n. 小包；小盒 ‎14．comprehension n. ‎ 理解(力)‎ 表 达 单 词 ‎1.abuse n．& vt.　　　　　　滥用；虐待 ‎2．ban vt. 禁止；取缔 ‎　n. 禁令；谴责 ‎3．due adj. 欠款的；预定的；到期的 ‎4．quit vt. 停止(做某事)；离开 ‎5．tough adj. 困难的；强硬的 ‎6．desperate adj. 绝望的；拼命的 ‎7．awkward adj. 局促不安的；笨拙的 ‎8．cigarette n. 香烟；纸烟 ‎9．male adj. 男性的；雄性的；‎ ‎　n. 男人；雄性动(植)物 ‎10．female adj. 女性的；雌性的 n. 雌性的动(植)物；女人 ‎11．prejudice n. 偏见；成见 ‎12．badtempered adj. 脾气暴躁的；易怒的 ‎[语境活用]‎ ‎1．The family has had a tough (艰难的) time of it these last few months.‎ ‎2．Having abused (滥用) his position as mayor to give jobs to his friends, Williams is now under investigation.‎ ‎3．The 41yearold saleswoman who cannot have a baby is desperate (拼命的) to have a baby of her own and she doesn't want to adopt someone else's child.‎ ‎4．In the questionnaire, the subjects are questioned whether they advocate banning (禁止) cars in the city center.‎ ‎5．The shy girl felt awkward (局促不安的) and uncomfortable when she could not answer her teacher's questions.‎ 拓 展 单 词 ‎1.stress n．压力；重音；vt.加压力于；使紧张→stressful adj.产生压力的；紧张的→stressed adj.焦虑不安的 ‎2．addicted adj.入了迷的；上了瘾的→addictive adj.使人上瘾的→addiction n．沉溺；嗜好→addict vt.使上瘾n.有瘾的人 ‎3．breathless adj.气喘吁吁的；屏息的→breath n．呼吸→breathe v．呼吸 ‎4．adolescent n．青少年adj.青春期的→adolescence n．青春期 ‎[语境活用]‎ ‎1．In order to accustom myself to the wet weather, I try eating more peppers and later I get accustomed to the wet weather.(accustom)‎ ‎2．Yesterday I went to climb the mountain top to breathe the fresh air.Although I became breathless when I was on the top, the breath of fresh air is worth it.(breath)‎ ‎3．The addictive cigarette can addict people, so once you are addicted_to smoking cigarettes, it's extremely difficult to fight your addiction.(addict)‎ ‎4．After a stressful week of work, all the employees were extremely stressed and ‎ ‎5．accustom vt.使习惯于→accustomed adj.习惯了的；惯常的 ‎6．alcohol n．酒；酒精→alcoholic adj.酒精的 ‎7．automatic adj.无意识的；自动的→automatically adv.无意识地；自动地 ‎8．mental adj.精神的；智力的→mentally adv.精神上；智力上 ‎9．unfit adj.不健康的；不合适的；不合格的→fit adj.健康的；合适的→fitness n．健康 ‎10．strengthen vt.加强；巩固；使坚强 vi.变强→strength n．力气；力量；强项→strong adj.强壮的；结实的 ‎11．chemist n．药剂师；化学家→chemical adj.化学的 n．化学制品→chemistry n．化学 ‎12．disappointed adj.失望的；沮丧的→disappointing adj.令人失望的→disappoint vt.使失望；使扫兴→disappointment n．失望；沮丧 ‎13．ashamed adj.感到惭愧或羞耻的→shame n．羞愧→shameful adj.可耻的→shameless adj.无耻的；厚颜的 ‎14．relaxation n．放松；松弛→relax v．使放松→relaxed adj.轻松的→relaxing adj.令人放松的 ‎15．weaken vi.(对某事的决心)动摇；减弱 vt.(使)变弱→weak adj.虚弱的→weakness n．弱点 tired.They complained that few could work efficiently under stress.(stress)‎ ‎5．If we strengthen_our physical exercise, we will get stronger and are full of strength all day long.(strong)‎ ‎6．To my parents' disappointment,_my disappointing math grade greatly disappointed my parents, and their disappointed_look urged me to study harder then.(disappoint)‎ ‎7．You should be ashamed of your shameful behaviors or you will be a shameless man.(shame)‎ ‎8．After hearing some relaxing music, she felt quite relaxed,_and there was relaxed expression on her face.(relax)‎ ‎9．She survived the earthquake and her survival_was a wonder, for she was the only survivor of the disaster.(survive)‎ ‎10．If you have a weak body, you have to do more exercise and never weaken before your weakness is exposed to others.(weak) ‎ ‎16．robbery n．抢劫；盗窃→rob v．抢劫；抢夺→robber_ n．抢劫犯 ‎17．illegal adj.不合法的；违法的→legal adj.合法的 ‎18．survival n．幸存→survive v．幸存→survivor_ n．幸存者 ‎(二)常用短语 写准记牢 语境活用(选用左栏短语填空)‎ ‎1.due_to　　　　　　　　　由于……‎ ‎2．at_risk 处境危险；遭受危险 ‎3．throw_away 扔掉 ‎4．get_into 陷入；染上(坏习惯)‎ ‎5．decide_on 对……作出决定 ‎6．take_risks_(a_risk) 冒险 ‎7．addicted_to 对……有瘾 ‎8．accustomed_to 习惯于……‎ ‎9．feel_like_(doing) 想要(做)……‎ ‎10．in_spite_of_ 不顾；不管 ‎11．reach_for 接触；伸手去拿 ‎12．manage_to_do_sth. 设法完成某事 ‎1.Most of them turned up on time; only Tom arrived late due_to the storm.‎ ‎2．If you keep on ignoring the teacher's advice, you will get_into a situation where you fall behind others in all subjects.‎ ‎3．In_spite_of the bad weather, I had fun meeting friends and relatives.‎ ‎4．He doesn't want to take_risks_(a_risk)_of losing his job, especially since he became the main source of family's income.‎ ‎5．She felt/feels_like making some dumplings for her sick mother.‎ ‎6．We have decided_on blue paint for the bedroom.‎ ‎(三)经典句式 原句背诵 句式解构 佳句仿写 ‎1.As you know, if you do the same thing over and over again, you begin to do it automatically.‎ 你知道，如果你反反复复地做同一件事，你就会自动地做它。‎ as引导的非限制性定语从句。‎ 正如我们知道的，长江是亚洲最长的河流，拥有许多景点。(2017·北京高考满分作文)‎ As_we_know,_the Yangtze River is the longest river in Asia and has so many attractions.‎ ‎2.I do hope so because I want you to live as long and healthy a life as I have.‎ ‎(1)“do＋动词原形”表示强调。(2)as＋adj.＋a(n)＋单数可数名词＋as ...。‎ 尽管汤姆和我一样是个“老烟枪”(a heavy smoker)，但他去年确实戒烟了。‎ Although Tom ‎ 我的确希望如此，因为我想让你和我一样活得健康长寿。‎ was_as_heavy_a_smoker_as_me,_he did_give_up smoking last year.‎ ‎3.It is only when the disease has progressed to AIDS that a person begins to look sick.‎ 只有当这种病毒发展成艾滋病时，人才会显出病态。‎ ‎“It is ...that ...”强调句型。‎ 正是我的信心和毅力使我取得了成功。‎ It_was_my_confidence_and_determination_that led to my success.‎ 一、过重点单词—— ‎1．stress n．重压；逼迫；压力；重音；强调重要性 vt.加压力于；使紧张；重读 ‎[高考佳句]　One of the most effective ways to reduce stress is to talk about feelings with someone you trust.(2015·浙江高考单选)‎ 减少压力最有效的方式之一就是与你信任的人聊聊感受。‎ ‎(1)under stress　　　　　　　 在压力之下 ‎ lay/put stress on sth. 强调某事物 ‎(2)stressful adj. 有压力的(指物)‎ ‎(3)stressed adj. 有压力的(指人)‎ ‎[题点全练]　单句语法填空 ‎①When under stress, even a most gentle person can be badtempered and get angry easily.‎ ‎②Nowadays more and more middle school students are getting stressed (stress) in their studies.‎ ‎③The life of a high school student is usually active, exciting and full of fun, but it can be stressful (stress) sometimes.‎ ‎④He laid particular stress on the need for discipline.‎ ‎2．due adj.欠款的；预定的；到期的；应付的；应得的 ‎[教材原句]　I think my long and active life must be due to the healthy life I live.‎ 我想我(之所以)长寿而且精力充沛，要归功于我的健康生活。‎ due to　　　　　　　　 由于；因为；归因于 be due to do sth. 预定做某事 ‎[一词多义]　写出下列句中due的含义 ‎①The wages due to him will be paid tomorrow.欠款的；应付的 ‎②She is due to make a speech on the economy next week.预定的 ‎③The books must be returned before the due date or the kid cannot borrow other books.到期的 ‎④When it comes to giving due respect to the old people, she feels a bit uneasy.应得的 ‎3．addicted adj.入了迷的；上了瘾的 ‎[教材原句]　You see, during adolescence I also smoked and became addicted to cigarettes.‎ 你知道，当我还是一个十几岁的孩子的时候，我也吸过烟，而且还上了瘾。‎ ‎(1)be/get addicted to (doing) sth.　　 沉溺于(做)某事 ‎(2)addict oneself to (doing) sth. 沉溺于(做)某事 ‎(3)addiction n. 上瘾；沉溺；嗜好 addiction to ……瘾 ‎(4)addictive adj. 使人上瘾的 ‎[多角练透]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①Learning that you are addicted to table tennis, I am writing to sincerely invite you to join the table tennis team in our school.(2017·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)‎ ‎②Addicted to playing (play) the violin, he didn't notice a thief walk into his house.‎ ‎③I discovered an addiction (addict) to housework which I had never felt before.‎ 句型转换 ‎④Many kids are addicted to surfing the Internet, so they have lost interest in study.‎ ‎→Addicting_themselves_to_surfing_the_Internet,_many kids have lost interest in study.‎ ‎[名师指津]　addiction与addition十分相似，注意其拼写的不同， addiction比addition多一个字母c。‎ ‎4．accustomed adj.经常的；惯常的；习惯了的 ‎[教材原句]　This means that after a while your body becomes accustomed to having nicotine in it.‎ 这就是说，过一段时间以后，你的身体习惯了香烟里的尼古丁。‎ ‎(1)be/get/become accustomed to (doing) sth.‎ ‎＝be/get/become used to (doing) sth. 习惯于(做)某事 ‎(2)accustom sb./oneself to (doing) sth. 使某人/自己习惯于(做)某事 ‎[多角练透]‎ 同义替换 ‎①He quickly got used (＝accustomed) to the strong academic atmosphere and colorful activities in the college.‎ 单句语法填空 ‎②Knowing that you are not accustomed to the life here and are considering returning to America, I feel very upset.‎ ‎③Accustoming himself to living (live) in the countryside, Mr. King found it hard to live in the city.‎ ‎5．effect n．结果；效力；影响 ‎[教材原句]　When I was young, I didn't know much about the harmful effects of smoking.‎ 在我年轻的时候，关于吸烟的危害性我知道得并不多。‎ ‎(1)side effect　　　　　　　 副作用 come into/take effect 生效；见效 have an effect on/upon 对……产生影响 bring/carry/put ...into effect 实施；使……生效/起作用 ‎(2)effective adj. 有效的；有影响的 ‎[多角练透]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①Reading books of traditional culture can have a good effect on/upon the children.‎ ‎②It won't be easy to put the changes into effect, so we must spare no effort to do it.‎ ‎③It's reported that the pills are effective (effect) against the disease.‎ 补全句子 ‎④The agreement signed between the two companies last week will_come_into_effect_soon.‎ 两家公司在上周签订的这份协议将很快生效。‎ ‎⑤A much lower dose of the painkiller can still produce side_effect.‎ 这种止痛药服用很小的剂量依然能产生副作用。‎ ‎6．ashamed adj.感到惭愧或羞耻的 ‎[教材原句]　If you weaken and have a cigarette, do not feel ashamed.‎ 如果你意志薄弱了而吸了一支烟，不要感到羞愧。‎ ‎(1)be/feel ashamed of/for ... 对/为……感到惭愧/羞耻 be/feel ashamed for sb. 替某人感到惭愧/羞耻 be ashamed to do sth. 耻于做某事 ‎(2)shame n. 羞耻；羞愧；惭愧 it's a shame/pity＝what a shame/pity　 真可惜 it's a shame that ... 真遗憾……‎ ‎(3)shameful adj. 可耻的；不道德的 ‎[多角练透]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①The parents felt ashamed for their son when he was dismissed by the boss.‎ ‎②It is shameful (shame) to break school rules, to be selfish or to make little effort to achieve ‎ progress.‎ 补全句子 ‎③Having read about the above common complaint from so many mothers, I felt_ashamed_and_guilty.‎ 读了上面来自那么多母亲们的抱怨，我感到惭愧与内疚。‎ ‎④It's a shame/pity that a good student should_do_something_like_that.‎ 真遗憾一个好学生竟然会做出那样的事。‎ 一句多译 在课堂上，学生们不应该羞于向老师发问。‎ ‎⑤In class, students should not be_ashamed_of/for_asking_the_teacher_questions.‎ ‎⑥In class, students should not be_ashamed_to_ask_the_teacher_questions. ‎ ‎[名师指津]　在“It's a shame/pity that ...”句型中，从句的谓语动词常用“(should ＋)动词原形”形式，构成虚拟语气。‎ Ⅰ.单句语法填空 ‎1．If this is the case, people addicted (addict) to shopping should go to a support group to help them break this habit.‎ ‎2．A regular and busy life is wonderful, although it's hard and stressful (stress)．‎ ‎3．It's reported that passengers are banned from eating and drinking on subway trains.‎ ‎4．Professor Smith is due to_give_(give) us a lecture at eight tomorrow morning.‎ ‎5．After living there for one year, they have been accustomed to working (work) there.‎ ‎6．I was once ashamed to_admit_(admit) my weakness, but now I have no such feeling.‎ ‎7．Keeping a diary in English is one of the effective (effect) ways to improve our English.‎ ‎8．Judging from what he said and did, we can conclude that he was desperate for fame.‎ ‎9．I was exhausted, both physically and mentally (mental)．‎ ‎10．Just quit complaining (complain)．What matters now is how to get rid of such an embarrassing situation.‎ Ⅱ.单句改错 ‎1．Fathers have an enormous effect to their children's personalities and chances of marital happiness.to→on ‎2．The exercises are designed to strength your stomach muscles.strength→strengthen ‎3．I was really disappointing and about to leave when he walked out of a building.disappointing→disappointed ‎4．If he is in the desert and has no water with him, a person will get ‎ desperately.desperately→desperate ‎5．After seeing your ad, I think your sixweek English course is very fit to me.to→for ‎6．When he was abroad, he began to take drugs and became addicting to drugs.addicting→addicted ‎7．Being able to afford a drink would be a comfort in those toughly times.toughly→tough ‎8．Accustomed to get up early, it was not difficult for him to adjust to the new schedule.get→getting Ⅲ.根据提示词补全句子 ‎1．尽管我们常常感到有压力，可是我们还是应该找些合适的方法来处理压力。 (stress)‎ Although_we_often_feel_stressed,_we should find suitable ways to deal with stress.‎ ‎2．众所周知，全球性水缺乏主要由于全球气候变暖和环境污染而正在变得日益严重。(due)‎ As we all know, the global water shortage is becoming increasingly severe mainly due_to_global_warming_and_environmental_pollution.‎ ‎3．这张照片提醒了我我周围的多数人都对手机上瘾。(addict)‎ This picture reminds me of most people addicted_to_cellphones around me.‎ ‎4．习惯了爬陡峭的山，他毫无困难地爬上了山顶。(accustomed)‎ Accustomed_to_climbing_the_steep_mountain,_he had no difficulty reaching the top.‎ ‎5．研究表明音乐对一个人的情绪有重要的影响。(effect)‎ Research has shown that music has_an_important_effect_on one's moods.‎ ‎6．她为她的身材感到非常羞耻，因此她决定节食。(ashamed)She was_ashamed_of_her_figure so she decided to go on a diet.‎ 二、过短语、句式—— ‎1．take risks (a risk)冒险 ‎[教材原句]　He felt he had to make up his mind on every step instead of taking risks.‎ 他觉得每一步都得做出决定而不是冒险。‎ ‎(1)at risk　　　　　　　　　　　 有风险；处境危险 at the risk of ... 冒着……的危险 run the risk (of doing sth.) 冒险(做某事)‎ ‎(2)risk doing sth. 冒险做某事 ‎[多角练透]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①He was determined to get there even at the risk of his life.‎ ‎②The national parks are very important for the protection of these wild animals, which would otherwise run the risk of becoming extinct.‎ 补全句子 ‎③The doctor said that everyone was at_risk for AIDS.‎ 医生说每个人都有得艾滋病的风险。‎ ‎④We do not expect untrained people to take_risks/a_risk.‎ 我们不希望未经训练的人去冒险。‎ ‎2．get into陷入；染上(坏习惯)‎ ‎[教材原句]　Of course the best way to deal with these drugs is not to get into the habit in the first place!‎ 当然，对付毒品的最好的方法是首先就别养成(吸毒的)习惯。‎ ‎[归纳拓展]‎ ‎①get across　　 (使)通过；(使)被理解；(把……)讲清楚 ‎②get away　　　　　 逃脱；离开 ‎③get over 爬过；越过；克服；痊愈 ‎④get through 穿越(马路)；通过；接通电话 ‎⑤get along with 进展；相处 ‎⑥get down to 开始做某事 ‎[应用领悟]‎ ‎①I'm sorry to hear that you have got into the habit of smoking.‎ 听说你养成了吸烟的习惯我很难过。‎ ‎②A smile can help us get through difficult situations and find friends in a world of strangers.‎ 微笑可以帮助我们渡过难关，并在陌生人中找到朋友。‎ ‎③Looking back on my past few years, friends gave me so much help that I could get over difficulties which I had to face.‎ 回顾过去的几年，朋友给了我那么多的帮助，我才能克服我不得不面对的困难。‎ ‎3．(1)“do＋动词原形”的强调结构 ‎(2)“as＋adj.＋a(n)＋单数可数名词＋as ...”结构 I do_hope so because I want you to live as_long_and_healthy_a_life_as I have.‎ 我的确希望如此，因为我想让你和我一样活得健康长寿。‎ “do＋动词原形”的强调结构 ‎“do/does/did＋动词原形”构成强调句，意为“确实；的确”，用来加强谓语动词的语气，但须符合以下两个条件：‎ (1)句子是肯定句；‎ (2)句子的时态为一般现在时或一般过去时。‎ ‎①The baby is generally healthy, but every now and then she does_catch_a_cold.‎ 那个孩子的健康状况尚好，但就是偶尔患感冒。‎ ‎②—I'm sorry. I shouldn't have been rude to you.‎ ‎—You did_lose_your_temper but that's all right.‎ ‎——很抱歉，我不该对你粗鲁的。‎ ‎——你确实发脾气了，但没关系。‎ “as＋adj.＋a(n)＋单数可数名词＋as ...”结构 ‎(1)．..as much＋不可数名词＋as ... 像……一样多的 ‎(2)．..as many＋复数名词＋as ... 像……一样多的 ‎(3)．..as＋adj./adv.＋as ＋sb./sth. 像……一样……‎ ‎①Our neighbour's garden is as big as ours. ‎ ‎→Our neighbour has_a_garden_as_big_as_ours. ‎ ‎→Our neighbour has_as_big_a_garden_as_ours.‎ 我们的邻居有一个和我们一样大的花园。‎ ‎②You've made as_many_mistakes_as I have. ‎ 你犯的错误和我犯的一样多。‎ ‎③In many sports physical fitness is not as/so_important_as technique. ‎ 在许多体育运动中，体能没有技巧重要。‎ ‎④I can carry as_much_paper_as you can. ‎ 我能搬得动和你一样多的纸。‎ ‎[名师指津]　否定句中“as ...as ...”结构中第一个as也可换成so。‎ Ⅰ.根据语境选用合适的短语填空 decide on， get into， be addicted to， be accustomed to， feel like， in spite of， at risk， due to ‎1．If you take the risk of drunk driving, you are at_risk.‎ ‎2．In_spite_of the fact that he was not a trained economist, his achievements were remarkable.‎ ‎3．I am_accustomed_to getting up early and taking an hour's walk before breakfast.‎ ‎4．Tom_feels_like being a cook because he thinks cooking delicious food for others is interesting and happy.‎ ‎5．Generally speaking, boys are_addicted_to playing computer games while girls prefer chatting online.‎ ‎6．Due_to_the fast rhythm of modern life, more and more people are living under great stress.‎ ‎7．—How do you find Qingdao, Mary?‎ ‎—It's a beautiful seaside city.I have decided_on it for my next holiday.‎ ‎8．Mr.Bean constantly gets_into awkward and absurd situations, which greatly amuses audiences regardless of their nationalities and culture.‎ Ⅱ.句型转换 ‎1．I am accustomed to drinking a cup of hot tea every evening in the cold winter, and I feel refreshed again.‎ ‎→Accustomed_to_drinking a cup of hot tea every evening in the cold winter, I feel refreshed again.‎ ‎2．If you operate the electrical appliance following the instructions which is attached to the box, you'll not be at risk.‎ ‎→Operate_the_electrical_appliance following the instructions attached_to_the_box,_or you'll be at risk.‎ ‎3．He has a large family to support, so he can't be at the risk of losing the good chance.‎ ‎→With a large family to support, he_can't_risk_losing the good chance.‎ ‎4．Although this math problem is a bit difficult, I believe you can work it out.‎ ‎→I believe you can work out this math problem in_spite_of/despite_the fact that it is a bit difficult.‎ Ⅲ.根据提示词和相关要求补全(或翻译)句子 ‎1．对不起，我的确忘了要告诉你会议的时间了。稍后我将把相关信息告诉你。(用强调结构)‎ Sorry！I_did_forget_to_tell you about the fixed time of the meeting.I'll tell you the information mentioned later.‎ ‎2．我觉得学习英语并不难。 (动词＋it＋adj.＋to do)‎ I don't feel_it_difficult_to_learn_ English.‎ ‎3．这个小伙子希望和他爷爷一样过俭朴的生活。[so/as＋adj.＋a(n)＋n.＋as]‎ The young man hopes to live as_simple_a_life_as his grandpa.‎ ‎4．正如你们许多年龄足够大的人记得的那样，披头士乐队来自利物浦。(as引导的非限制性定语从句)‎ The Beatles, as_many_of_you_are_old_enough_to_remember,_came from Liverpool.‎ ‎5．他的成功不是因为他聪明，而是因为他勤奋。(强调句型)‎ It_is_not_because_he_is_smart_but_because_he_is_diligent_that_makes_him_a_success.‎ 三、过语法、写作—— ‎(一)单元小语法——it的用法(1)‎ Ⅰ.单句语法填空 ‎1．It is no use crying over spilt milk.‎ ‎2．The train has arrived.It arrived half an hour ago.‎ ‎3．He found it pleasant that he worked with Chinese.‎ ‎4．He made it clear that he was not interested in this subject.‎ ‎5．Jane was walking around the department store.She remembered how difficult it was to choose a suitable Christmas present for her father.‎ Ⅱ.单句改错 ‎1．I want a computer, but I can't afford to buy it.it→one ‎2．I can't find my hat.I don't know where I put that.that→it ‎3．If you're buying today's paper from the stand, could you get it for me？it→one ‎4．I found that very interesting to study English.that→it ‎5．It is no doubt that he will study abroad next month.It→There ‎6．There is a knock on the door.He must be the deliver.He→It Ⅲ.补全或翻译句子 ‎1．从北京到伦敦是多么长的一段距离啊！‎ What a long way it_is_from_Beijing_to_London! ‎ ‎2．他病得很严重，那使他母亲很担心。‎ He was badly ill, and it_made_his_mother_worried.‎ ‎3．我发现靠你自己做这个工作很难。‎ I_find_it_hard_for_you_to_do_the_task_on_your_own.‎ ‎4．吸烟可能会引起癌症是尽人皆知的事实。‎ It_is_a_wellknown_fact_that_smoking_can_cause_cancer.‎ ‎5．她说那样的话，真是太蠢了。‎ It_was_foolish_of_her_to_say_such_a_thing.‎ ‎6．要花多年的时间才能掌握一门新的语言。‎ It_takes_years_to_master_a_new_language.‎ ‎(二)课堂微写作练扩写——让意蕴更丰满 ‎[题目要求]‎ 假定你叫李华，你的美国笔友Paul给你发来一封电子邮件，在邮件中Paul询问你在中国关于吸烟的情况。请把下面短文扩写成100词左右的文章，给Paul回一封邮件。‎ Dear Paul，‎ I have learned something about smoking in our country and I'd like to answer all your questions.‎ More and more people have realized smoking does great harm to health.They have made up their minds to give up smoking.‎ We don't have a law banning smoking in public places, but there are signs limiting smoking in public places.Our government will take measures to help people to do so.‎ Yours，‎ Li Hua ‎[答案示例]‎ Dear_Paul，‎ Glad_to_hear_from_you._I_have_learned_something_about_smoking_in_our_country_and_I'd_like_to_answer_all_your_questions.‎ As_far_as_I_know,_more_and_more_people_have_realized_smoking_does_great_harm_to_health.As_a_result,_they_have_made_up_their_minds_to_give_up_smoking.‎ It_is_a_pity_that_we_don't_have_a_law_banning_smoking_in_public_places，but_there_are_signs_reminding_people_to_limit_smoking_in_public_places.I'm_sure_our_government_will_take_measures_to_help_people_to_do_so.‎ That's_all_I_know_about_smoking_in_our_country.I_hope_that_it_will_be_helpful_to_you.Keep_in_touch_and_best_wishes!‎ Yours，‎ Li_Hua Ⅰ.完形填空 Cameron Lyle has never expected to save the life of a person he didn't know. He was a shotput star at the highest point of his athletic career when he had to make a great __1__.‎ A man with blood cancer was __2__ for healthy bone marrow (骨髓) and Cameron was the only __3__among all the possible donors. The only __4__： if Cameron decided to donate, it meant he would miss some very important sports meetings.‎ ‎__5__ with cutting his career short, Cameron focused only on the __6__ to save the man's life.‎ ‎“I was surprised that I was pretty __7__. I said ‘yes’ right away，” said Cameron, 21.“If I had said __8__， he wouldn't have had a match.”‎ Actually, Cameron had completely __9__ the “Be The Match Registry” that came to his university two years ago. But two months ago, he got a call. Cameron was __10__ he was a possible match for a young man with blood cancer, which would get worse quickly if not __11__.‎ Cameron received blood tests, which __12__he was a definite match.__13__he agreed to donate, more tests were followed to __14__he didn't have any problem.__15__， everything went well, and last week Cameron headed to Massachusetts General Hospital in Boston to __16__ his bone marrow with a stranger.‎ Most people can return to their full activities within days after the donation.__17__ Cameron ‎ was told not to lift over 20 pounds for about a month. So this meant he __18__ to miss some athletic events where he wanted to __19__ after eight years of shotput training.‎ ‎“But it's OK，” he said.“It was worth it I would __20__ it again.”‎ 语篇解读：一个处于事业巅峰期的铅球运动员，意外地与一个血癌病人的骨髓匹配成功。他毫不犹豫地为血癌病人捐献了自己的骨髓。虽然因此错过了一些重大赛事，但他觉得值得捐！‎ ‎1．A.schedule　　　　　　　　 B．conclusion C．decision D．effort 解析：选C　下文中提到莱尔与一个血癌病人的骨髓匹配成功。由此可知，处于事业巅峰期的他不得不做一个重大决定。make a conclusion意为“得出结论”；make an effort意为“作出努力”。‎ ‎2．A.suitable B．desperate C．ready D．grateful 解析：选B　一个人患了血癌，他非常需要得到健康的骨髓。be desperate for意为“非常需要，极其需要”。‎ ‎3．A.match B．partner C．suit D．fit 解析：选A　莱尔是所有可能的捐赠者中唯一的匹配者。第8个空后的“he wouldn't have had a match”有提示。‎ ‎4．A.solution B．situation C．assumption D．problem 解析：选D　根据下文中的“it meant he would miss some very important sports meetings”可知，莱尔面临的唯一问题是捐献骨髓会使他错过一些非常重要的赛事。‎ ‎5．A.Faced B．Concerned C．Delighted D．Disappointed 解析：选A　下文中提到莱尔决定捐献骨髓，这意味着他将面临事业上的短暂停顿。be faced with意为“面对”；be concerned with 意为“与……有关”。‎ ‎6．A.ability B．motivation C．way D．chance 解析：选D　根据上文“cutting his career short”可知，莱尔暂停了事业，把精力都集中在有可能挽救血癌病人的生命上。‎ ‎7．A.happy B．moved C．upset D．lucky 解析：选A　根据空后的“I said ‘yes’ right away”‎ 可推知，莱尔为能够帮助别人感到非常高兴。‎ ‎8．A.yes B．hello C．no D．bye 解析：选C　如果莱尔说不，这个血癌病人很可能找不到成功的骨髓配型。‎ ‎9．A.organised B．forgotten C．avoided D．refused 解析：选B　联系下文中的“But two months ago, he got a call.”可知，事实上莱尔已经完全忘了匹配登记这件事。‎ ‎10．A.told B．warned C．reminded D．proved 解析：选A　结合上文中的“he got a call”可知，他被告知他可能与一个血癌病人配型成功。‎ ‎11．A.improved B．prevented C．recovered D．treated 解析：选D　根据上文中的“which would get worse quickly”可知，如果不治疗，病情就会快速恶化。‎ ‎12．A.doubted B．expected C．confirmed D．predicted 解析：选C　莱尔接受了血液检验，确认了他与病人配型成功。‎ ‎13．A.While B．Once C．Before D．Unless 解析：选B　分析句子的逻辑关系可知，一旦他同意捐献骨髓，之后就会有更多的检查。‎ ‎14．A.ensure B．ignore C．protect D．fear 解析：选A　莱尔需要做更多检查以确保他的身体没有任何问题。‎ ‎15．A.Quickly B．Gradually C．Suddenly D．Finally 解析：选D　根据空后的“everything went well”可知，最终，一切进展顺利，莱尔去医院捐献了骨髓。‎ ‎16．A.exchange B．share C．associate D．combine 解析：选B　根据语境可知，莱尔给血癌病人捐献骨髓，他与一个陌生人分享了骨髓。‎ ‎17．A.So B．Then C．But D．And 解析：选C　分析句子的逻辑关系可知，大多数人在捐献骨髓后的几天就可以完全恢复正常，但莱尔却被告知大约一个月内不能举20磅以上的东西。此处前后句之间表示转折关系。‎ ‎18．A.used B．agreed C．hesitated D．had 解析：选D　根据上文中的“Cameron was told not to lift over 20 pounds for about a month”可推断，他不得不错过很多赛事。‎ ‎19．A.grow B．shine C．cheer D．struggle 解析：选B　在经过八年的铅球训练后，莱尔一定想参加比赛，使自己表现出众。‎ ‎20．A.make B．admit C．accept D．do 解析：选D　莱尔认为自己所做的事很值得，因此他还会再做(同样的事情)。‎ Ⅱ.语法填空 A company in the USA is paying its workers to sleep more. Staff at the insurance company Aetna will get $300 a year __1__ (add) to their salary if they get at least seven hours of sleep a night. They will get just over a dollar for each night they sleep over seven hours. The idea behind this plan is employee __2__ (perform). Human resources __3__ (official) say workers will work more effectively if they have slept well. A workforce that is more rested means the company will perform __4__ (well). Staff can either record their sleep automatically, __5__ (use) a wrist monitor, or record by hand how long they have slept every night.‎ ‎__6__ number of studies warn that not sleeping enough can affect our ability to do our job. The American Academy of Sleep Medicine said that the average worker in the USA loses 11.3 working days of productivity a year from a lack __7__ sleep. This __8__ (cost) companies about $2,280 for one worker. It estimates (估计) that the US economy loses $63.2 billion a year mainly __9__ workers do not sleep more than seven hours a night. A 2015 study by the Rand Corporation showed that staff members sleeping less than seven hours per night __10__(find) far less productive than workers having eight or more hours of sleep.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。一家美国公司给每晚睡眠时间超过7小时的员工增发薪酬。研究发现，员工睡眠时间越充足，他们的表现就越好，公司的业绩就更佳。‎ ‎1．added　$300和动词add之间是被动关系，该处使用了get sth.done结构，意为“使……被做”。故填added。‎ ‎2．performance　句意：这一计划背后的目的是员工的表现。employee修饰空格处，意为“员工表现”，空格处应用名词。故填performance。‎ ‎3．officials　根据空格后的谓语动词say可知，此处主语应用复数形式。故填officials。‎ ‎4．better　根据该句中的比较级more rested可知，公司员工休息得越好，则公司运转得就越好。故用well的比较级better。‎ ‎5．using　分析该句结构可知，动词use和句子的主语Staff之间是逻辑上的主动关系，故用现在分词形式作伴随状语。故填using。‎ ‎6．A　由谓语动词warn可知，应填A。a number of 为固定搭配，意为“许多”。注意字母位于句首时需大写。‎ ‎7．of　a lack of为固定搭配，意为“缺乏……”。故填of。‎ ‎8．costs　根据下句中“It estimates (估计) that ...”并结合语境可知，此处用一般现在时；再由该句主语This可知，cost应用第三人称单数形式。故填costs。‎ ‎9．because　空格前句意为：它估计美国经济每年损失632亿美元；空格后句意为：员工每晚睡眠时间不超过7小时。根据句意可知，空格前后为因果关系，故用because引导原因状语从句。‎ ‎10．were found　宾语从句的主语staff members与动词find之间是被动关系，应用被动语态；由“A 2015 study”可知，该句陈述的是过去发生的事情，故用一般过去时。故填were found。‎ Ⅰ.语法填空 Stress is difficult to define or measure. Some people enjoy a busy lifestyle and are able to deal well with life crises.__1__ people feel tensed or stressed by the slightest deviation from their set daily routine. Many people fall somewhere in between, but may have periods when levels of stress increase.‎ You may have many __2__ (sign) if your stress builds up. For example, you won't be able to sleep properly __3__ worries going through your mind. You can be __4__ (patience) or irritable at minor problems. You may not be able to concentrate due to many things going through your mind. Some may lose their appetite and don't feel like __5__(eat). In addition, you will be unable to relax, and always feel that something needs __6__ (do)．‎ Ongoing stress __7__(think) to be bad for health, although this is difficult to prove. Stress may also contribute to other physical illnesses in many ways __8__ are little understood. For example, it is thought that many physical problems and other conditions are made __9__ (bad) by an increased level of stress. Besides, your work performance, and relationships, may also be affected by stress. __10__， we should try our best to get rid of our stress and live more comfortably.‎ 语篇解读：每个人在学习、工作或生活中都可能会有压力。怎样知道自己的压力是否在堆积？有什么征兆？持续的压力会给我们带来什么危害？本文告诉了我们答案。‎ ‎1．Some/Other　设空前一句说到“‎ 一些人喜欢忙碌的生活方式，也能够处理好生活中出现的危机”，设空后说到“很多人介于这两者之间”，因此设空处也应该是列举一些人的情况，故此处应填Some或Other构成Some ... Some/Other ...表示“一些……(另)一些……”。‎ ‎2．signs　句意：如果你的压力越积越多，你或许会有很多迹象。sign意为“迹象；痕迹”，为可数名词，其前有many修饰，应用复数形式。故填signs。‎ ‎3．with　句意：例如，如果你的心中一直充满忧虑，你就无法睡好。此处是with的复合结构在句中作原因状语，即“with＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构，故填with。‎ ‎4．impatient　句意：你可能会因为一些小问题而不耐烦或易怒。设空处在句中作表语，根据句意及空后的irritable可知，此处表示“不耐烦的”，因此应填impatient。‎ ‎5．eating　句意：一些人可能会没有胃口，不想吃东西。feel like doing sth.意为“想做某事”，feel like后可接名词、代词或动名词作宾语，故填eating。‎ ‎6．to be done/doing　句意：而且，你没法放松，老觉得有什么事要做。表示“某事需要被做”可用sth.needs to be done或sth. needs doing，故填to be done或doing。‎ ‎7．is thought　句意：持续的压力被认为是有害健康的，尽管这很难得以证明。根据句意可知，此处讲述的是一般事实，且动词think和主语stress之间为被动关系，因此应用一般现在时的被动语态。故填is thought。‎ ‎8．that/which　句意：压力在很多方面也可能会导致其他的身体疾病，这些几乎还不为人所知。______are little understood为定语从句，先行词为illnesses，设空处为关系词，在从句中作主语，指物，故填that/which。‎ ‎9．worse　句意：例如，人们认为许多身体健康问题和其他的状况会因压力增大而更糟糕。根据句意可知，此处暗含比较意义，因此应用比较级，故填worse。‎ ‎10．Therefore/Thus　句意：因此，我们应该尽最大努力去摆脱压力，生活得更加舒适。本段前面的内容都是说持续的压力会带来哪些危害，因此此处是根据以上问题所得出的结论。设空处表示“因此”，故填Therefore或Thus。‎ Ⅱ.短文改错 Getting rid of the bad habit of procrastination (拖延症) is now my goal in life. My first step was to set small targets what can be reached realistically. For example, I plan to set a timetable for my study. So after school, I will put finishing homework in the last place. Additionally, I will make a list of my important task including their due dates but follow my schedule strictly. I will avoid find excuses for putting them off. At same time, I will ask for my friends and parents to help me. By achieving this small targets, I have confident that I will overcome procrastination.‎ 答案：第二句：was→is; what→that/which 第四句：last→first 第五句：task→tasks; but→and 第六句：find→finding 第七句：At后加the; 去掉for 第八句：this→these; confident→confidence Ⅲ.书面表达 ‎(2018·成都五校高三联考)假设你是星光中学高三学生李华。在国外留学的你的好朋友Peter最近写信向你倾诉自己的烦恼。得知他最近因为学习压力大经常失眠，学习效率严重降低后，你决定给他一些建议鼓励他。请你根据以下要点提示给他写一封英文回信。‎ 要点：1.寻找同学倾诉自己的烦恼，请同学帮忙解决遇到的难题；‎ ‎2．积极主动学习，保持乐观态度；‎ ‎3．积极参加体育锻炼，增强体质；‎ ‎4．烦恼时多听音乐，缓解学习压力。‎ 注意：1.词数100左右；‎ ‎2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ 参考范文：‎ Dear Peter，‎ I was very sad to hear that you were suffering in your studies.I would like to share some advice with you on how to study efficiently.‎ Firstly, you can talk with some close friends about your problems and ask for their help.This is an important way to deal with your problems directly. Secondly, try to study in a positive way and keep an optimistic attitude. This will decrease your study pressure, making studying an easy job. Thirdly, spend time doing exercise. Not only does doing exercise build up our body, but also it provides time for us to refresh our mind. Last, you can listen to some smoothing music, which will be a good way to improve your current depressed mood.‎ I hope all this information can benefit you.‎ Yours，‎ Li Hua