高考英语二轮复习考点题组训练专题2介词、介词短语和短语动词1 32页

只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 - 1 - 专题 2 介词、介词短语和短语动词 1．(2016·新课标Ⅰ)My uncle says that he never dreams becoming rich in a short period of time. 1．dream 后加 of 句意：我叔叔说他从没梦想过在短时间内变得富有。dream of doing sth.“梦想做某事”，为固定短语。 2．(2016·新课标Ⅲ)Now I am leaving home to college. 2．to→for 句意：现在，我要离开家去上大学。根据句意可知，此处指的是“离开家 去上大学”，所以用 for，表示目的。 3．(2016·四川)Dad cleaned the house，and then went on shopping. 3．去掉 on 句意：爸爸打扫了房子，然后去购物了。go shopping“去购物”，是固定 短语。 4．(2015·新课标Ⅰ)Unfortunately，on the development of industrialization，the environment has been polluted. 4．on→with 句意：不幸的是，随着工业化的发展，环境受到了污染。on 表示“在…… 方面”，with 表示“随着……”。根据句意可知，指两件事情伴随而行，应用 with。 5．(2015·新课标Ⅱ)Tony saw a toy on a shop window. 5．on→in 句意：托尼看见了橱窗中摆设的玩具。玩具应该在橱窗里面而不是在橱窗的 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 - 2 - 表面上，应用 in。 6．(2015·陕西)My soccer coach retired in last week. 6．去掉 in 句意：我的足球教练上个星期退休了。last week 前面不加介词，去掉介词 in。 7．(2015·四川)Please help with me and give me some advice. 7．去掉 with 句意：请帮帮我，给我一些建议。动词 help 为及物动词，其后接宾语时 无需加介词，故去掉 with。 8．(2014·新课标Ⅰ)Nearly five years ago，and with the help by our father，my sister and I planted some cherry tomatoes(圣女果)in our back garden. 8．by→of 句意：大约五年前，在父亲的帮助下，姐姐和我在后院种植了一些圣女果。 with the help of“在……的帮助下”，为固定短语。 9．(2014·浙江)If we could show concern to others on need，the world would be a better place to live in. 9．on→in 句意：如果我们向那些需要帮助的人表示关心，这个世界就会变得更美好。 in need“在困难中的”，为固定搭配。 10．(2014·广西)The more friends we have，the more we can learn for one another， and the more pleasure we can share together. 10．for→from 句意：我们的朋友越多，我们相互之间学到的东西就越多，我们一起分 享的快乐也就越多。learn for“为……而学习”，learn from sb.“向某人学习”。根据句 意可知，此处指向朋友学习，应用 from。 11．(2014·陕西)My uncles immediately jumped up and shot their arrows on the bird. 11．on→at 句意：叔叔们立马跳了起来向鸟儿射箭。at 表示瞄准的对象或者方向；on 表示“在……上面”。根据句意可知，指瞄准鸟儿，应用 at。 12．(2014·四川)Today，I am going to talk with what you should do when a fire alarm goes off. 12．with→about 句意：今天，我将谈论当听到警报时我们该做什么事情。with“与…… 一起”，about 指关于某件事情。根据句意可知，此处指关于我们该做什么事情，应用 about。 1．(2016·新课标Ⅰ，64)But my connection with pandas goes back ________ my days on a TV show in the mid1980s，when I was the first... 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 - 3 - 1．to 句意：但是我与熊猫之间的联系要追溯到 20 世纪 80 年代中期我在一档电视节目 的时候，那是我第一次……。go back to“追溯到”，是固定短语。 2．(2016·新课标Ⅱ，44)Most of us are more focused ________ our tasks in the morning than we are later in the day. 2．on 句意：我们大多数人在早晨时对任务的注意力要比晚些时候的注意力更集中。be focused on 意为“集中于……”。 3．(2016·新课标Ⅲ，70)Chopsticks are not used everywhere in Asia.In India， for example，most people traditionally eat ________ their hands. 3．with 句意：筷子并非被亚洲的所有国家(的人民)使用。例如在印度，大部分的人习 惯用手吃饭。with“用……”，符合句意。 4．(2016·四川，67)The mother continued to care for the young panda ________ more than two years. 4．for 句意：这位母亲持续照顾熊猫幼崽两年多。“for＋一段时间”作时间状语，表 示“持续了一段时间”。 5．(2016·浙江，16)In this article，you need to back up general statements ________ specific examples. 5．with 句意：在这篇文章中，你需要用具体的例子来支持总的观点。根据句意及结构 可知，这里用介词 with 表示“用……”。 6．(2016·天津，8)Mary was silent during the early part of the discussion but finally she gave voice ________ her opinion on the subject. 6．to 句意：在讨论刚开始时，玛丽一言不发，但最后她就这个主题发表了自己的观点。 give voice to“表达，吐露，发泄”，符合句意。 7．(2016·天津，14)I hate it when she calls me at work—I'm always too busy to carry ________ a conversation with her. 7．on 句意：我不喜欢她在我工作时给我打电话——我总是太忙，不能和她进行会话。 carry on“继续进行，从事”，符合句意。 8．(2015·新课标Ⅰ，66)Instead，I'd headed straight for Yangshuo.For those who fly to Guilin，it's only an hour away ________ car and offers all the scenery of the betterknown city. 8．by 句意：然而，我直接去了阳朔。对于那些飞往桂林的人来说，坐车只需要一个小 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 - 4 - 时的路程……乘坐交通工具常用 by 加可数名词的单数形式，by car“开车”。 9．(2015·新课标Ⅱ，47)When a new day breaks，the walls have given up their heat and are now cold enough to__cool the house during the hot day: ________ the same time， they warm up again for the night. 9．at 句意：天亮，墙壁放热，变冷使房子热天凉爽；同时，夜晚变暖和。at the same time“与此同时”，为固定短语。 10．(2015·福建，22)A common memory they all have ________ their school days is the school uniform. 10．of 句意：他们对在校时期的共同记忆是校服。名词 memory 常与介词 of 连用，意 为“对……的记忆”。 11．(2014·新课标Ⅱ，44)I got a place next ________ the window，so I had a good view of the sidewalk. 11．to 句意：我找了个靠窗的位置，那样我可以很好地看到人行道。next 接介词 to 意为“紧挨着，紧靠着”。 12．(2014·广东，21)．..and my credit card had already been charged ________ the reservation. 12．for 句意：……我的信用卡已经为这次预订付钱了。charge...for...“因…… 向……收费”，是固定搭配。 13．(2014·广西，29)September 30 is the day ________ which you must pay your bill. 13．by 句意：九月三十日之前你必须缴付账单。该介词与关系代词 which 一起引导定 语从句，which 指 the day；再根据“到……为止”可知用 by。 14 ． (2014· 北 京 ， 23)Jane is in a hurry because the train to the airport leaves________ half an hour. 14．in 句意：简很匆忙，因为开往机场的火车半小时后就要开动了。根据句子的一般 现在时表示将来以及空后表示时间段的 half an hour 判断填介词 in，表示“在……之后”。 15．(2014·重庆，7)She drove so fast at the turn that the car almost went ________the road. 15．off 句意：她在拐弯处开得如此快以至于车子差点冲出了马路。根据副词 almost 结合句意分析可知，此处指万幸没发生的险情，即脱轨，此处填 off 表示“脱离”。 16．(2014·江西，33)It is unbelievable that Mr Lucas leads a simple life ________ 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 - 5 - his great wealth. 16．despite 句意：让人难以置信的是卢卡斯先生虽然非常富裕但是却过着简朴的生活。 结合语境可知，此处填 despite 表示“尽管”。 17．(2013·山东，34)The Smiths are praised________the way they bring up their children. 17．for 句意：史密斯夫妇因为他们养育孩子的方式而受到称赞。因句中 are praised 这一被动结构，考生很容易理解为“被……表扬”，而误填 by。此处是固定短语 be praised for...，意为“因……而受到称赞”。 18．(2013·上海，25)—I'm looking for a nearby place for my holiday.Any good ideas? —How about the Moon Lake？It is________easy reach of the city. 18．within 句意：——我在寻找一个就近的地方度假。有什么好主意吗？——月亮湖 怎么样？它离城市不远。由题干中关键信息 a nearby place 可知，要对方推荐一个附近的地 方度假，而介词短语 within easy reach of 意为“在……附近，距离……不远”。 19．(2013·湖北，30)An artist who was recently traveling on a ferry to the southern island discovered ________chance a longlost antique Greek vase. 19．by 句意：一位艺术家近来坐渡船去南部岛屿旅游的时候偶然间发现了一个遗失多 年的古希腊花瓶。根据句意可知，这里用短语 by chance 表示“偶然，无意间”。 20．(2013·福建，29)Mrs Smith finds it hard to clear up the mess，as her children are always________the way whenever she tries to. 20．in 句意：史密斯太太发现很难收拾干净，因为每当她试图收拾时，她的孩子们总 是妨碍她。根据句意可知，这里是短语 in the way，表示“挡道，妨碍”。 21．(2013·陕西，24)The manager wants to see changes in the company，and I am sure he will ________time. 21．in 句意：这位经理想看到公司的变化，我确信他迟早会看到的。根据句意可知， 这里用短语 in time 表示“迟早，最后，及时”。 1．首先观察该词前是否有名词、动词、形容词等，根据介词与它们的搭配来判断出答案， 解题的关键是掌握一些固定搭配和固定短语。 (2015·浙江)My old classroom was interesting because three sides of the 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 - 6 - classroom were made from glass. 【解析】 from→of 句意：我原来的教室很有趣，因为有三面是玻璃墙。be made of 指 在成品中可以看出原材料，即用物理方法做成的。be made from 指在成品中看不出原材料， 即由化学变化而成的。根据句意可知，玻璃墙是用玻璃做成的，只是将玻璃切割、安装而已， 属于物理方法，应用 of。 (2014·辽宁，61)Don't laugh ________ me.I may look funny. 【解析】 at 句意：不要嘲笑我。我可能看上去很滑稽。laugh at“嘲笑”，是固定 搭配。 2．其次，熟练掌握介词的基本用法，即介词后用名词或相当于名词的词、短语或句子作 宾语。解题时，观察句中是否有这一类词，以此确定所填词或所改词是否是介词；或句子中 介词是否缺失或多余，以便添加或删除。 (2015·福建，25)It is said that body language accounts________ 55 per cent of a first impression while what you say just 7 per cent. 【解析】 for 句意：据说体态语在第一印象中占 55%的作用，而你所说的话仅仅占 7%。 account for“导致；(比例)占……”。 (2014·辽宁)Although we've been delighted to have you as neighbors，we're hoping to settle something that bothers to us. 【解析】 去掉 us 前的 to 句意：我们因为有你这样的邻居而高兴，但是也希望你解 决一些打扰我们的问题。bother“困扰，麻烦”，是及物动词，后面直接加宾语，不需要使 用介词 to。 1．(2016·安徽合肥八中第一次段考)I'm very glad to hear about you are going to visit me next Friday. 1．去掉 about 或 about→that 句意：很高兴听说你下周星期五要来看我。此处动词 hear 为及物动词，直接带宾语从句，此时宾语从句的引导词 that 可以省略。 2．(2016·安徽合肥八中第一次段考)I will take you together to a hotpot restaurant for dinner and we'll talk with our plan for the weekend over dinner. 2．with→about 句意：我将带你一起去火锅店吃晚餐，然后我们一边吃晚餐一边讨论 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 - 7 - 周末计划。根据宾语 our plan 可知，指讨论的内容，talk 后应用 about。 3．(2016·湖南衡阳八中二模)People have different opinions of money. 3．of→about/on 句意：人们对金钱有多种看法。根据名词 opinion 与介词的搭配可知， 指对某事的观点、看法时，后面接介词 on/about。 4．(2016·湖南衡阳八中二模)We cannot exchange money into friendship or love. 4．into→for 句意：我们不能用钱来交换友谊或爱情。exchange sth.for...“交换； 兑换”，为固定搭配。 5．(2016·江西南昌高三联考)Some of them are even particular with food... 5 ． with→about/over 句 意 ： 有 些 人 甚 至 对 食 物 非 常 讲 究 ……be particular about/over“讲究；对……挑剔”，为固定搭配。 6．(2016·江西南昌高三联考)It's important of us to form a healthy eating habit. 6．of→for 句意：对于我们来说，养成健康的饮食习惯很重要。在 It's＋adj.＋of/for... 结构中，当形容词表示对人的评价时，用介词 of；当表示对人的利害关系时用介词 for。根 据句意可知，此处表示饮食对我们的利害关系，应用 for。 1．(2016·福建福州十三中高三期中)How great was his surprise at last！______ the stone，he found a bag of money. 1．Under 句意：最后，他多么惊喜啊！他发现在石头下面有一袋钱。根据句意可知， 此处用介词短语表示一袋钱的位置是在石头下面，答案填 Under。 2．(2016·江西南昌高三联考)If I meet with school violence，I will not answer violence ______ violence，...I will tell my teachers or parents about it.I think they will help me with it well and they will protect me from the bad guys. 2．with 句意：要是我在学校遭遇到暴力，我不会以暴力制暴力……with 表示“以…… 方式”，符合语境。 3．(2016·四川成都外国语学校高三月考)Finally，try to see things ______ the other person's perspective.You may realize that he or she was acting out of ignorance. 3．from 句意：最后，试着从他人的角度看事情。你就会意识到他或她的行为出自无知。 根据空格后面的句子意思可知，此处指从他人的角度看问题，答案填 from。 4．(2015·广西南宁第一次适应性检测)I didn't know you had any interest ________ painting. 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 - 8 - 4．in 句意：我不知道你对绘画感兴趣。名词 interest 与介词 in 搭配，have interest in“对……有兴趣”。 5．(2015·黑龙江大庆高三二模)If I were short ________ cash and couldn't afford to do anything much，which in those days were usually the case，I could always go outside and take a look round. 5．of 句意：如果我缺钱，买不起任何东西，我会经常去外面逛逛，那些日子一直是这 种情况。be short of“缺少……”，为固定短语。 6．(2015·山东曲师大附中高三阶段检测)Where does shyness come ________？ 6．from 句意：害羞来自哪里？come from“来自……”，为固定搭配。 7．(2015·山东淄博高三一摸底)Experts have a guess that the nudging was mistaken by the owners ________ knocking. 7．for 句意：专家们猜想主人常常把推门误认为是在敲门。mistake...for...“把…… 误作……”，为固定搭配。 8．(2014·山西运城高三上期末调研)I am familiar ________ most popular kinds of software. 8．with 句意：我对大部分流行的软件都很熟悉。be familiar with“对……熟悉”， 为固定短语。 9．(2014·内蒙古一机一中 12 月月考)Most Americans don't like to get advice ________ members of their family. 9．from 句意：大多数美国人不愿意征求家庭成员的建议。此处表示“从……”，故填 介词 from。 10．(2014·新疆师大附中 12 月月考)________ my opinion，the best choice is a good major at a good university. 10．In 句意：在我看来，最好的选择是一所好的大学里的好的专业。in one's opinion“以某人的观点”，为固定短语。 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 - 9 - 表示方位的 at，in，on，to，beside/by 和 near 介词 用法 例句 at 一般指在较小的地方 I met him at the shop. in 一般指在较大的地方，或在某一范 围内 They arrived in Beijing yesterday. Shandong Province lies in the east of China. on 一般指在物体的表面，或相邻并接 壤的两个地域 The picture is hanging on the wall. Mongolia is on the north of China. to 表示某范围外接壤或不接壤的两 位置 Shandong Province is to the southeast of Hebei Province. beside/by “在……的旁边” She was standing beside her mother. There is a small house by the river. near “接近；靠近” There is a supermarket near my home. 表示方位的 between 和 among 介词 用法 例句 between 在两者或每两者之间 I sat down between Sue and Jane. among 在三者或三者以上之间 The teacher was standing among the students. 表示方位的 across，through，over 和 past 介词 用法 例句 across 从……的表面穿过 He walked across the square to meet us. through 从……的内部穿过 The guide led us through the forest. over 从……的上面跨过 The thief jumped over the fence and fled away. past 从……的旁边经过 She walked past the shop. 续表 表示时间的介词 (1)表示“在……”的 at，in，on 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 - 10 - ①at 表示在某个时间点、时刻或重大节日。 at 9：00；at noon；at daybreak；at Christmas ②in 表示在某个较长的时间内，世纪、朝代或年月；泛指的上午、下午、傍晚。 in the 21st century；in September；in the morning ③on 表示在具体的日子或具体某一天的上午、下午、晚上。 on 2nd，September；on the morning of 1st，May (2)表示“在……之后”的 after，in “after＋一段时间”在过去时句子中作时间状语，相当于“一段时间＋later”“in＋ 一段时间”在将来时句子中作时间状语，指离说话时多长时间以后。 He returned home after a week(a week later)． They will come to visit us in a week. “after＋时间点”可在将来时态的句子中作时间状语；“in＋时间段”表示“在……时 间之内”时，可用于完成时或过去时的句子中。 I will attend a meeting after two o'clock. In the last 10 years，great changes have taken place in this village. (3)表示时间段的 for，since ①“for＋时间段”意为“多长时间”，表示动作持续的时间长短，一般作完成时态或过 去时态句子的时间状语。 He has lived in the small village for five years. I studied in Peking University for 4 years. ②“since＋时间点”意为“自从……”，作完成时态句子的时间状语。 I haven't heard from him since three years ago. He has been waiting here since 2 o'clock. 其他介词 (1)表示交通方式的 by，in，on “by＋名词”表示交通方式时，名词前不加冠词；但是 in，on 后的名词必须有冠词或代 词等修饰。 He goes to work by car every day. He goes to work in his car every day. 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 - 11 - (2)表示“用……”的 by，in，with by 侧重方式、方法，多用于表示无形的工具或手段的名词前；in 多用于表示语言、材料 的名词前；with 多用于表示有形的工具、表示身体器官的名词前。 He earned his living by selling newspapers. Please write the answer in ink. They are digging with spades. (3)表示“除……外”的 except，except for，besides except 表示“除……之外(其他的都)”，其后的宾语是被排除在外的，侧重同类事物的 排除；except for 后被排除的内容与主语往往不是同一类的；besides 表示“除……之外(其 他的也)”，其后的宾语是被包括在内的。 All my friends took part in the party except John. His composition is good except for a few spelling mistakes. He has learned German，French besides English. 介词可以和名词、动词、形容词等构成固定搭配。常考的有： at dawn at daybreak in case(of) at table far from free from by the way be fond of be tired of be proud of answer/key to next to be similar to due to thanks to be popular with apart from instead of regardless of in detail in general on purpose above all in all after all in terms of in need of in favor of in return in short in place of in search of for fear of in exchange for in addition to in spite of in vain beyond reach beyond description on account of in a way in particular in charge of as a result of 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 - 12 - 一、常考短语动词 动词＋about(prep.) speak/talk about 谈论 think about 思考 care about 关心 bring about 引起；使发生 come about 发生 hear about 听说 set about 着手；开始 worry about 为……担心 动词＋at(prep.) aim at 瞄准；计划 call at 拜访(某地) glare at 怒视 knock at 敲(门、窗) laugh at 嘲笑 look at 看；注视 point at 指向 shout at(冲某人)大喊大叫 stare at 凝视 work at 致力于 动词＋away(adv.) break away 摆脱 clear away 清除掉；散去 die away 减弱；逐渐消失 give away 分发；泄露 pass away 去世 put away 收起来；放好 throw away 扔掉 wash away 冲走 动词＋back(adv.) call back 回电话 give back 归还 hold back 控制住；阻止 keep back 隐瞒；扣留 look back 回顾 put back 放回原处 动词＋down(adv.) bring down 把……降低 burn down 烧毁 break down 出故障；垮了 cut down 砍倒；削减 calm down 平静下来 put down 记下；镇压 slow down 慢下来 take down 记下；拿下 tear down 拆毁；拆除 turn down 调小；拒绝 动词＋for(prep.) apply for 申请；请求得到 ask for 要求得到 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 - 13 - answer for 对……负责任 beg for 请求，乞求 call for 需要，要求 care for 关心；喜欢 charge for 收费；要价 search for 寻找 run for 竞选 stand for 代表；表示 动词＋from(prep.) date from 始于……时期 die from 因……而死 differ from 与……不同 hear from 收到……来信 result from 由……造成 separate from 把……分开 动词＋in(prep.) break in 闯入；插话 bring in 引进；带来收入 call in 召集；来访 check in 登记进入 cut in 插嘴；打断 drop in 顺便拜访 get in 收割；到达 give in 让步；投降 hand in 上交 result in 导致；结果是 动词＋into(prep.) burst into 突然爆发；闯入 change into 变成 divide into 把……分成 look into 调查；研究 run into 碰到 turn into 把……变成 动词＋of(prep.) approve of 赞成；通过 consist of 由……组成 die of 死于 dream of 梦想；渴望 hear of 听说 think of 想到 动词＋off(adv./prep.) break off 中断；突然停止 come off 脱落 cut off 切断；隔绝 fall off 跌落；掉下 get off 下车；动身 give off 发出；放出 keep off 避开；勿走近 leave off 中断 pay off 还清；取得成功 put off 推迟；延期 see off 送行 show off 炫耀；卖弄 start off 出发 take off 脱下；起飞；成功 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 - 14 - 动词＋on(prep.) call on 拜访某人 carry on 继续；进行 depend/rely on 依靠，依赖 feed/live on 以……为生 have on 穿着(状态) put on 穿上(动作)；上演 keep on 继续前进/工作 look on 旁观 move on 往前走；移动 pass on 传递；传授 insist on 坚持 try on 试穿 take on 呈现出；承担；雇用 turn/switch on 打开 动词＋out(adv.) break out 爆发；突然发生 bring out 取出；使显现 come out 出版；出来 carry out 执行；完成 find out 查清楚；弄明白 give out 分发；公布；用完 go out 熄灭；消退 help out 帮助 hold out 伸出；坚持住 leave out 删掉；省略 look out 小心，谨慎 let out 泄露；使(火)熄灭 make out 理解；辨认出 pick out 挑选出 put out 扑灭；熄灭 run out 用完；耗尽 send out 发出；派遣 set out 出发；着手 turn out 结果是；产生 work out 解决；制定出 动词＋over(adv./prep.) go over 复习；检查 get over 克服 look over 翻阅；检查 run over 碾过；复查 take over 接管；接替 think over 仔细考虑 turn over 翻到；翻看 watch over 看守；照看 动词＋through(prep.) get through 完成；通过；接通电话 go through 经历；遭受；检查 look through 翻阅；仔细查看 动词＋to(prep.) add to 增添；增加了 agree to 同意 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 - 15 - attend to 照料；照顾；处理 belong to 属于 come to 共计；苏醒 devote to 致力于；奉献给 get to 到达 lead to 导致；通向 object to 反对 refer to 指的是；参考；查阅 stick to 坚持；忠于 turn to 转向；求助于 动词＋up(adv.) bring up 抚养；培养 break up 分手；破裂 clear up 整理；收拾 come up 出现；提出 cut up 切碎 eat up 吃光 give up 放弃 go up 上涨；增长 hold up 延误；举起；抢劫 keep up 保持 look up 抬头；查找 make up 组成；编造；和解 put up 举起；张贴；投宿 pick up 拾起；开车接；学会 set up 成立，建立 stay up 熬夜，不睡觉 tear up 撕碎 take up 占据；从事；开始干 turn up 调大；出现 use up 用完 hang up 挂断电话 动词＋with(prep.) agree with 同意；与……一致；适应于 compare with 与……相比 deal with 处理；对付 do with 处理；需要 meet with 遭遇；遇到 三个词以上的短语 add up to 总计 break away from 摆脱 catch up with＝keep up with 追上 come into being 产生；出现 catch sight of 看见 do well in 在……做得好 get close to 接近 get used to＝be accustomed to 习惯于 get along/on with 相处；进展 get out of 逃避；避免 get rid of 摆脱；除掉 go on with 继续 get down to 开始干(某事) keep up with 跟上；不落后 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 - 16 - keep away from 避开；不靠近 keep in touch with 保持联系 keep an eye on 留心，注意 look up to 仰望；尊敬 look down on 轻视，看不起 look forward to 盼望 make fun of 取笑；开玩笑 make use of＝make the most/best of 利用 make up for＝catch up on 弥补 put up with 容忍，忍受 pay attention to 注意 pay a visit to 访问 run out of 用完 set fire to 放火烧 take part in 参加 take care of 照看 take pride in＝be proud of 以……为自豪 play a part/role in 起作用；扮演角色 set an example to/for 为……树立榜样 take advantage of 利用……的优势 take charge of 负责；掌管 二、一些常用动词与不同介词或副词搭配 break away 摆脱；逃跑 break into 强行闯入；突然开始(笑、哭、唱等) break off 中断；折断；突然停止 break out 突然发生；爆发 break through 突破；克服 break up 打碎；结束；解散；分解 break down 抛锚；出故障；分解 break in 破门而入；打断谈话；插嘴 bring about 引起；造成 bring down 使倒下；使下降 bring forward 提出；提前 bring out 显示出来；出版；生产 bring up 提出；教育；培养；呕吐 bring back 把……送回；使想起；恢复 bring in 引进；挣得 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 - 17 - call for 需要；要求 call off 取消；停止 call on 拜访；看望；号召 call up 打电话；使人想起；召集 call at 访问 call in 请来，召集 call back 回电话；召回 go along 进展；陪同前往 go by(时间)过去；经过；遵守 go down 下降；下沉；下跌 go for 去；选择；想要；攻击 go in for 从事；爱好；参加(选拔赛、考试等) go into 研究；调查，从事 go off 离开；爆炸；(食品)变坏；断电；熄灭；进行；发生 go on 继续进行；发生；上场 go out 离开；熄灭；过时 go over 复习；仔细查看(或检查、审查) go through 通过；经历(苦难)；仔细检查 go up 上升；增长；涨价 come about 发生 come across 偶遇；碰到；讲清楚 come along 进展；成功；一道走 come into effect 生效 come off 发生；举行；成功 come on 快点；走吧；有进展 come out 出来；结果是；出版 come round/around 再现；恢复知觉；改变看法 come through 经历；获得成功 come to 苏醒；达到；总数为 come up 发生；走上前去；(时间)快到 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 - 18 - come up to 达到(高度、程度)；符合 come up against 碰到(困难) come up with 赶上；提出 come back 回来；反驳 come true 变为现实 cut across 绕近道穿过；超越 cut back 削减；剪枝；急忙返回 cut down 削减；减少 cut in 插嘴；打断；超车 cut off 切断；中断；隔绝 cut out 删掉；戒掉 cut short 中断；打断；缩短 hold back 阻碍；阻止；控制；抑制；隐瞒；阻挡 hold up 举起；抬起；支撑；耽搁；使停；持械抢劫 hold out 伸出；坚持；(供给等)维持；提供 hold off 拖延；延期 hold on(打电话)别挂断；坚持住；挺住 hold on to 紧紧抓住 hold to 忠实；坚守 give away 赠送；颁发；泄露；告发；失去 give out 分发；公布；公开；用完；耗尽 give off 发出；放出 give up 放弃；自首，将……交给某人(to sb.)； 对某人不抱希望(on sb.) give in 屈服；投降；让步；上交；呈交 keep away(from)使远离 keep back 扣除，保留；隐瞒 keep off 避开；不接近 keep on 继续 keep out 挡在外边；(警示语)请勿靠近 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 - 19 - keep up 保持，不低落；持续，继续 keep up with 跟上 look after 照顾，照料 look out 注意，提防，当心 look back 回头看；回顾 look down on/upon 轻视，看不起 look for 寻找；寻求；期望 look forward to 盼望；期待 look in 顺便看望；顺便拜访 look into 调查，深入了解 look on 观看；旁观 look over 检查 look through 浏览；快速查看 look up 查阅；仰望 carry on 继续；坚持 carry away 冲走；运走；使着迷 carry out 实行；执行；贯彻 carry off 运走；获得(奖赏) carry through 帮助渡过难关；完成；实现 put across 解释清楚；使人接受 put aside 放在一边，储存；保留 put away 放好；收好 put down 写下；记下；镇压 put forward 提出；推荐；把……提前 put in 伸进；提出；提交；申请，请求 put in for 申请；正式要求 put off 延期；推迟；阻止，妨碍 put on 穿上，戴上；上演；增加(体重) put out 熄灭，扑灭；生产；出版 put up 搭起；建造；提供 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 - 20 - put up with 忍受；容忍 put through(把电话)接通；做完；使经受……的考验 set about 开始做，着手 set apart 使分离；使显得突出 set aside 留出；拨出 set back 推迟，阻碍；使花费 set down 记下，写下 set off 动身；出发；引起；使爆炸(cause to explode) set out 动身；启程；陈述，阐明；着手做(后跟动词不定式) set up 建立；创立；开办 make for 向……前进；促成 make out 理解，领悟；辨认出 make up 组成，占……比例；弥补，补偿；捏造 make up for 弥补，补偿 take after 与……相像 take apart 拆卸(机器) take away 拿走；消除(病痛等) take down 记下；拆掉 take for(错)当作；(误)认为 take in 吸收；接受；领会；欺骗 take off 起飞；匆匆离去；脱下 take on 呈现；采纳；承担，从事 take one's time 不要着急，慢慢地做 take over 接收，接管；取代 take to 喜欢；养成……的习惯 take up 占据；占(时间、空间)；开始从事 pick out 挑出；分辨出；区别出 pick up 拿起；捡起；收拾；偶然获得；学会；接收(节目)；(开车)去接；(顺便)捎带 send away 送走；解雇 send for 派人去请 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 - 21 - send out 分发；散发；发出(光、信号等) send up 上升；发射 turn down 关小，调低；拒绝 turn off 关上，关掉；转向；使厌烦 turn out 关(灯)；制造；结果是；原来是 turn over(使)翻转，翻身；移交；周转；仔细考虑 turn to 求助于；(使)转向；(把注意力等)转向；翻书到 turn up 调大；被发现，被找到；到达；露面 get through 浏览；翻阅；经历困难(痛苦)；做完某事 get in 收割；收获；收集；购买；买进；插话 get over 克服；战胜；熬过；做完；结束 get on 继续；进行；上车 get round 传播；散播；说服某人；回避；避开 get about 四处走动；传开 get across 传达；使……让人理解 get along/on(with)进展；相处 get down 记下；下来；使……沮丧 get down to 开始认真做 get back 恢复；回来；收回 get out 泄露；逃离 get together 聚会；收集 die away 渐弱 die down 熄灭；平静下来 die of 因……(病)死亡 die from 因……(外部原因)死亡 die out 灭绝；绝种 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 - 22 - 语法填空 Last week，in an unusual way，a stranger treat me __1__ generosity.At __2__ Asian grocery store on a busy evening，I was shopping for the items I needed for my voluntary work of cooking breakfast __3__ Saturday at a shelter for the homeless in San Jose.I went to the store to buy tofu and vegetables.As I was waiting __4__ line to finish the purchase，the lady next to me approached me to find out why I was going to consume the big box of tofu I was buying.__5__(enthusiastic)，I replied that I was buying food to cook breakfast for homeless people. While I was getting ready to pay the bill，to my __6__(amaze)，she offered to pay for everything.Despite multiple requests for her name，she responded that she felt good because I was doing the kind of community work which her parents once __7__(receive)help from when they came to this country __8__ refugees.Hence she wanted to take the opportunity to show her gratitude. It was the best reward I had ever received for my voluntary work，__9__ began three years ago.In a strange way we are all connected and we feel __10__ each other.That's what I call being a “human”． 1．with 根据后面的名词 generosity 可知，此处指大方招待某人，填 with。注意：此 处不可因 treat sb.to...(用……招待某人)而误填 to。 2．an 泛指“一家水果店”，用不定冠词；Asian 以元音音素开头，故填 an。 3．on 在具体某一天用介词 on。 4．in wait in line“排队等候”，是固定短语。 5．Enthusiastically 作句子状语，表示“热情地”，故填副词。 6．amazement “to one's＋表示感受的名词”是固定用法，to one's amazement“令 某人吃惊的是”。 7．received 由 once 可知本句用一般过去时。 8．as 空后的 refugees 表明身份，故用 as 意为“作为”。 9．which 引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中作主语，指事物，故填 which。 10．for feel for“同情，体谅”，为固定短语。 短文改错 Never shall I forget the first English lesson giving by Miss Liu.One Monday 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 - 23 - morning，when she entered in the classroom，we found that she was young and beautiful lady.Then she introduced herself and said they shouldn't call her Teacher Liu but Miss Liu.Late，she let us go to the blackboard and said something about ourselves with English in turn.When it was my turn，I felt too shy that I didn't dare to say anything before the class.She went up to me and said kindly，“Don't be afraid.I believe in you can do it well.” At last，I went to the blackboard.She praised me of what I had done. Never shall I forget the first English lesson giving given by Miss Liu.One Monday morning，when she entered the classroom，we found that she was ∧ a young and beautiful lady.Then she introduced herself and said they we shouldn't call her Teacher Liu but Miss Liu. Late Later ，she let us go to the blackboard and said say something about ourselves with in English in turn.When it was my turn，I felt too so shy that I didn't dare to say anything before the class.She went up to me and said kindly，“Don't be afraid.I believe you can do it well.” At last，I went to the blackboard.She praised me of for what I had done. 1．give 与 lesson 是被动关系，故用过去分词 given 作后置定语。 2．enter 是及物动词，接宾语时不需要加介词。 3．lady 是可数名词，故需要加不定冠词 a，表示泛指“一个”。 4．根据语境可知此处指包括作者在内的学生，应用第一人称复数 we。 5．late 意为“迟到的”，later 意为“后来”。根据句意可知应改为 later。 6．and 连接的两个动词都是动词 let 的宾补，为并列关系，根据前面的 go 可知，said 应改为 say。 7．in English 是固定用法，意为“用英语”。 8．so...that...意为“如此……以至于……”，为固定句型，引导结果状语从句。 9．believe in 意为“对某人的信任，相信某人的人品或主意等”；而 believe 意为相 信某事的真假。根据后面的宾语从句可知，此处指相信事情。 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 - 24 - 10．praise...for...“因……表扬”，固定用法。 语法填空 Debbie Hart is going to swim __1__ the English Channel tomorrow.She is going to set out from the French coast at five o'clock __2__ the morning.Debbie is only fourteen years old and she hopes to set a new world record.She is a strong __3__(swim)and many people feel that she is sure __4__(succeed)．Debbie's father will set out with her in __5__ small boat.Mr.Hart has trained his daughter for years.Tomorrow he will be watching her __6__(anxious)as she swims the long distance to England.Debbie intends to take short rests every two hours.She will have something to drink __7__ she will not eat any solid food.Most of Debbie's school friends will be waiting __8__ her on the English coast.__9__ them will be Erna's mother，__10__ swam the Channel herself when she was a girl. 1．across 表示从表面穿过用介词 across，swim across“游过”。 2．in in the morning“上午”，是固定短语。 3．swimmer 作表语，前面有 a strong 修饰，指人，故填 swimmer“游泳者”。 4．to succeed be sure to do“一定……”，是固定用法。 5．a 泛指“一艘小船”，boat 前用不定冠词。 6．anxiously 修饰动词 watch 用副词。anxiously“焦急地”。 7．but 由 will have 与 will not eat 的对比可知本空填转折连词 but。 8．for wait for“等待”，为固定短语。 9．Among 表示在多者之间用介词 among。 10．who 引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中作主语，指人，故填 who。 短文改错 Dear Sir/Madam， Some schools require that students have their hair cut shortly.Personally，I don't think that this regulation was reasonable. The school says that the uniform hairstyle can save time for students to concentrate in studying.In fact，a simple pigtail won't take a long time to do it.Secondly，school students wear their hair properly long will not only protect the 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 - 25 - head for severe cold or severe heat but will also make the wearer look nicer.What's more，some students think the hairstyle is the personal matter.If the school insists making students obey the rules，it will only make the students more distant to their teachers. I believe students should have the freedom of choose their own hairstyle. Yours， Li Ming Dear Sir/Madam， Some schools require that students have their hair cut shortly short .Personally，I don't think that this regulation was is reasonable. The school says that the uniform hairstyle can save time for students to concentrate in on studying.In fact，a simple pigtail won't take a long time to do .Secondly，school students wear wearing their hair properly long will not only protect the head for from severe cold or severe heat but will also make the wearer look nicer.What's more，some students think the hairstyle is the a personal matter.If the school insists ∧ on making students obey the rules，it will only make the students more distant to from their teachers. I believe students should have the freedom of choose choosing their own hairstyle. Yours， Li Ming 1．句意：有些学校要求学生把头发剪短。根据语意，应用形容词 short 作宾语补足语。 2．陈述自己观点，应用一般现在时。 3．concentrate on“集中精力在……上”，为固定搭配。 4．句意：事实上，简单的马尾辫子梳起来不会花费很长时间。to do 在此作宾语补足语， 不能再跟 it。 5．此处 students 与 wear 之间为主动关系，应用现在分词短语作定语。 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 - 26 - 6．protect...from...“保护……不受……”，为固定搭配。 7．此处表示泛指应用不定冠词。 8．insist on“坚持”，为固定短语。 9．根据形容词 distant 及句子意思可知，此处指使学生们与老师疏远，须用介词 from。 10．介词 of 后应接 v.ing 形式。 语法填空 A motto is a sentence or a phrase __1__ can inspire us especially when we are faced with difficulties.Many of us have our mottoes，such as “Where there is a will， there is a way.” Or “Nothing is difficult if you put your heart into it”，and so on.My motto is “God helps those who help __2__.” Sometimes I am lazy and don't want to make efforts to work hard，__3__ as soon as I think __4__ my motto I will get energetic again and devote myself __5__ what I am doing.I write my motto where I can see it __6__(easy)．Every time I fail in my exam and begin to lose heart，the sight of my motto __7__(inspire)me with much confidence.My motto also makes me become __8__ independent person.That is to say，I won't rely __9__ others easily. What is your motto，my friends？If you still haven't got a motto，please choose one because a motto can have a great effect __10__ you. 1．which/that 引导定语从句，在从句中作主语，先行词是 a sentence or a phrase， 故填 which 或 that。 2．themselves help 的主语 who 指代 those，与其宾语互指，故该空填反身代词 themselves。 3．but 根据句意可知此处前后句为转折关系，故填连词 but。 4．of think of“想起”，是固定短语。 5．to devote oneself to...“全身心投入于……”。 6．easily 修饰动词 see 用副词，表示“容易看到”。 7．inspires 所填词作句子的谓语，主语是 the sight，句子用一般现在时，故用第三 人称单数形式。 8．an 泛指“一个独立的人”，person 前用不定冠词，因其前有以元音音素开头的 independent，故本空填 an。 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 - 27 - 9．on rely on“依靠”，是固定短语。 10．on have great effect on...“对……有极大影响”，是固定短语。 短文改错 Dear Editor， I'm sorry to occupy your precious time，but I really want to tell you something with the problem of some people keep too many pets nowadays.I think a problem is becoming more and more serious for the followed reasons.First of all，as it is known to people，pets make too much noise that troubles residents a lot.What's more，it's wide accepted that animal wastes pollute the environment.Many owners like taking our pets to public places where they might frighten children or even bit people.The most important is that pets can spread some disease. In my opinion，people should pay many attention to it.I hope that I can get help for you. Yours truly， Wang Lin Dear Editor， I'm sorry to occupy your precious time，but I really want to tell you something with about the problem of some people keep keeping too many pets nowadays.I think a the problem is becoming more and more serious for the followed following reasons.First of all，as it is known to people，pets make too much noise that troubles residents a lot.What's more， it's wide widely accepted that animal wastes pollute the environment.Many owners like taking our their pets to public places where they might frighten children or even bit bite people.The most important is that pets can spread some disease diseases . In my opinion，people should pay many much attention to it.I hope that I can get help for from you. Yours truly， Wang Lin 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 - 28 - 1．tell sb.about...“告诉某人关于某事”，为固定搭配。 2．介词 of 后面是动名词的复合结构。 3．指上文提到的问题，应用定冠词 the 表特指。 4．followed“跟随的，服从的”；following“下面的，接着的”；the following reasons“下面的理由”。 5．修饰谓语动词 accepted 应用副词形式。 6．主语 many owners 为第三人称复数，故应用 their。 7．or 在此连接并列的谓语，其前谓语含有情态动词 might，故此处应用 bite。 8．disease 为可数名词，前面有 some 修饰，故用复数形式。 9．attention 为不可数名词，故用 much 修饰。 10．此处指“得到来自你的帮助”，应用 from 表示“来自”。 语法填空 Camels certainly like eating green grass，not dry grass.But __1__(strange)， camels always keep looking for dry grass __2__ their stomachs are filled up. A classmate of mine whose home is __3__ the edge of Turpan Basin in Xinjiang told me his home has two camels；he said you could imagine a camel's appetite，for it can slowly swallow dozens of kilograms of hay(干草)．I asked him __4__ camels eat hay， not green grass.He said the camel is a kind of animal __5__ a strong sense of suffering， __6__(fear)its master letting it travel through the desert the next day，and the hay in its stomach is more hungerresistant __7__ green grass. The camel has the best tolerance.Unfortunately，many people can only see a camel's outstanding performance，but few understand its __8__(prepare)made for it. Life，__9__ a camel traveling through the desert，__10__(need)the adequate accumulation，but not everyone can understand it. 1．strangely 根据句意可知这里应该用副词修饰整个句子。strangely“奇怪地”。 2．before/till/until 句意：骆驼当然喜欢吃绿草，而不是干草。但是奇怪的是，在 骆驼把胃填满之前，总是寻找干草。根据句意可知填 before，也可用 till/until。 3．on 根据句意及后面 the edge of 可知，此处填介词 on，on the edge of 意为“在…… 边缘”。 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 - 29 - 4．why 根据句意及前面的 ask 可知，指询问骆驼吃干草的原因，用 why 引导宾语从句。 5．with 根据句意可知，表示骆驼具有的意识，用介词 with。 6．fearing 句意：他说骆驼是一种具有很强的忧患意识感的动物，害怕主人第二天让 它穿越沙漠。fear 动作的发出者跟前句的 the camel 一致，因此用 fearing。 7．than 句意：骆驼胃里的干草比绿草更能抵抗饥饿。more＋形容词＋than“比…… 更……”。 8．preparations 句意：但是几乎没人明白骆驼为它的杰出表现所做的准备。make preparations for“为……作准备”，是固定用法，所以此处填名词复数 preparations。 9．like 句意：生活，就像骆驼穿越沙漠……。like 介词，“像……”。 10．needs 句中 Life 是主语，like a camel traveling through the desert 是插入 语，因此谓语动词用第三人称单数 needs。 短文改错 Dear Mr.Johnson， I've learned from a newspaper that some clerks are wanted on your company.I am eager to being one of them.So I am writing the letter.My name is Zhang Hua.I was born in the Hebei Province and I am in good health.I've just graduated in Wuhan University.I did very good in all subjects and I am especially good in computer studies and English.I can read science books in English and do some writing at English as well. Besides，I know a little French.And in my spare time，I enjoy playing basketball.As is said that your company is very famous and I'll very glad if you let me work for it.My telephone number is 027－89276628.I am looking forward to hearing of you soon. Dear Mr.Johnson， I've learned from a newspaper that some clerks are wanted on in your company.I am eager to being be one of them.So I am writing the letter.My name is Zhang Hua.I was born in Hebei Province and I am in good health.I've just graduated in from Wuhan University.I did very good well in all subjects and I am especially good in at computer studies and English.I can read science books in English and do some writing at in English as well. 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 - 30 - Besides，I know a little French.And in my spare time，I enjoy playing basketball.As It is said that your company is very famous and I'll ∧ be very glad if you let me work for it.My telephone number is 027－89276628.I am looking forward to hearing of from you soon. 1．根据句子意思结合后面的名词 company 可知，此处指“在你们公司”应用介词 in。 2．be eager to“渴望”，后面接动词原形。 3．因 Hebei Province 是专有名词，前面不用冠词。 4．graduate from...“从……学校毕业”，为固定搭配。 5．do well in...是固定短语，意为“在……方面做得好”。 6．be good at 是固定短语，意为“擅长……”。 7．in English“用英语”，为固定用法。 8．根据句型分析可知，此处用 It 作形式主语，替代后面的 that 引导的从句。 9．分析句子结构可知，须用 be 动词连接表语。 10．hear from 意为“收到……的来信”，hear of“听说”。 语法填空 Nowadays，it is common that more and more high school students open their own micro blogs on the Internet.__1__ one thing，it can provide a colorful platform to show their talent.For __2__，it is a useful way to release their pressure.And all these make it more and more popular __3__ high school students.__4__ many parents and teachers hold a different view.They think that managing a micro blog will take a lot of time and energy，__5__ should be used to study. In my view，I am greatly in favor __6__ this activity.Today the Internet is playing __7__ important and essential role in our life.Therefore as high school students of the Information Age，we need to learn to make use of this __8__(value)tool to communicate and display ourselves.What's more，opening and organizing micro blogs need various abilities, such as writing，designing，being skillful __9__ computer and so on.Only if we master those abilities can we make a successful micro blog.As a result，we improve ourselves while organizing our micro blogs. 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 - 31 - In fact，micro blog itself is of little harm.It is your attitude towards it __10__ matters.We should take the advantages and avoid some bad effects. 1．For 根据后面两句的句意分析可知，指同一个事情的两个方面，用英语结构 For one thing。 2．another 根据前面的 For one thing 可知，此处指事情的另一方面，用 For another。 3．with make...popular with sb.“使……受欢迎”。 4．But 根据上下文意思可知，前后两个句子意思互为转折，须用 But。 5．which 根据句子结构分析可知，后面为非限制性定语从句，先行词指事物，须用关 系代词 which 引导。 6．of in favor of 为固定短语，意为“赞成，喜欢”。 7．an play a．..role“扮演……的角色，起……的作用”；important 以元音音素开 头，须用 an。 8．valuable 根据句子中的 tool 可知，此处用形容词修饰，填 valuable。 9．at be skillful at 意为“在……方面精通”。 10．that 根据句子结构可知，此处为 it is...that...引导的强调句型，须用 that 连 接。 短文改错 My best friend gave me a present in a box in my birthday.It was a little heavy， which made me very curiously.So I intended to open it for once but she prevented me doing so.She said I mustn't open it until I went back home but gave me a naughty smile.Although there was a strong desire on my mind to know that was inside the box， I just did as she said.On the way to home ， all I did was thinking about the puzzle.Finally I opened the box.It was a cup printing with a pink word—friendship.It was so lovely that I liked it very much. Now，every time I use a cup，I will think with her and the friendship between us. My best friend gave me a present in a box in on my birthday.It was a little heavy， which made me very curiously curious .So I intended to open it for at once but she prevented me 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 - 32 - doing so.She said I mustn't open it until I went back home but and gave me a naughty smile.Although there was a strong desire on in my mind to know that what was inside the box， I just did as she said.On the way home， all I did was thinking about the puzzle.Finally I opened the box.It was a cup printing printed with a pink word—friendship.It was so lovely that I liked it very much. Now，every time I use a the cup，I will think with of her and the friendship between us. 1．英语中表示在某特定的日子用介词 on。 2．根据前面的动词 made 判断此处是形容词作 make 的宾补，应用形容词形式。 3．at once“立刻；马上”，为固定短语。 4．根据句意可知前后的两个动作是并列关系，而不是转折关系。 5．根据上下文可知，表示思想上、心里有强烈的愿望，用 in one's mind。 6．know 后的宾语从句中缺少主语，应用 what 引导。 7．home 在此是副词，前面不用加介词，on one's way home“在某人回家的路上”。 8．cup 是 print 的动作承受者，应用过去分词作定语。 9．cup 在文中是第二次出现，表特指应用定冠词修饰。 10．think of“想起”，为固定搭配。