【英语】2019届高考英语二轮复习增分技巧学案：专题五习题讲评课三 6页

‎ 短文改错4步曲——再查逻辑 技法一 ‎ 文意疏通逻辑顺 ‎1.(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)At the end of our trip, I told my father that I planned to return every two years, but he agreed. ‎ 解析：but→and　“我计划每两年回(乡下的爷爷奶奶家)一次”与“我父亲同意了”之间是顺承关系，不表示转折，故将but改为and。‎ ‎2．(2018·全国卷Ⅲ) Everyone was silent, waiting to see who would be called upon to read his and her paragraph aloud. ‎ 解析：and→or　主语是Everyone，此处表示选择而非并列关系，因此应是“读他或她的段落”。因此and改为or。‎ ‎3．(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)Before getting into the car, I thought I had learned the instructor’s orders, so once I started the car, my mind went blank. ‎ 解析：so→but/yet　句意：上车之前，我以为我已经学会了教练的指令，但一旦我启动了汽车，我的大脑变得一片空白。根据语境可知，前后内容之间表示转折含义，应该用转折连词but或yet。‎ ‎4．(2018·石家庄检测)However, after a few days, I decided not to let one single loss keep me from doing what I love.But I cheered up and devoted myself to singing again. ‎ 解析：But→So　上一句说的是“我决定不让一次失败阻止我做自己喜欢做的事情”，下文是“我振作起来，重新投入唱歌中”，这两句话之间是因果关系，且为前因后果，故将But 改为So。‎ ‎5．We’re on holiday in Spain now.We spent a few days in Barcelona first.It’s a great place but we had a good time though I didn’t feel well one day. ‎ 解析：but→and　此处表示：这是一个很棒的地方，而且我们玩得很开心。根据语境可知前后内容之间是并列关系，故将but改为and。 ‎ ‎6．(2018·太原阶段测评)While someone from the north of China may need the speech of someone from the south interpreted, but it is not usually necessary to have written documents translated. ‎ 解析：去掉but　句首While意为“尽管，虽然”，不能和but连用。‎ 技法二 ‎ 固定结构记心中 ‎1.(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)I have grown not only physically, and also mentally in the past few years. ‎ 解析：and→but　not only ...but also ...意为“不但……而且……”，连接并列成分，为固定结构。‎ ‎2．(2016·四川高考)Both Dad or I planned to do something on Mother’s Day.We got up early in the morning ... ‎ 解析：or→and　both ...and ...“两者都……”，是固定结构。‎ ‎3．(2018·石家庄市高三质量检测)He liked the toy very much that he quickly walked into the shop. ‎ 解析：very→so　此处为“so ...that ...”固定结构引导结果状语从句，意为“如此……以至于……”。‎ ‎4．(2018·长沙市统一模拟考试)It was not long after he became used to the life there. ‎ 解析：after→before　It was not long before ...“没过多久就……”。‎ ‎5．(2018·武汉市武昌区模拟)They rushed out on the moment they heard the shout for help. ‎ 解析：去掉on　the moment引导时间状语从句，相当于as soon as。‎ ‎6．(2018·山东省六校联考)The more choices you have, the best your decisions will be. ‎ 解析：best→better　the more ..., the better ...为“the＋比较级．..，the＋比较级．..”结构，意为“越……，就越……”。‎ 技法三 ‎ 是非前后要分清 ‎1.(2015·浙江高考)Close to the school there was a beautiful park with many trees around it.Farther in the distance, I could not enjoy the view of snowy mountains. ‎ 解析：去掉not　结合上下文可知，此处表达肯定的意思，所以应去掉否定词not。‎ ‎2．(2018·广东省七校联考)It’s difficult for teenagers like us to keep a balance between a parttime job and our study, so you need worry too much. ‎ 解析：need后加not　分析上下文语境可知，后一分句表示“因此你不必过于担心”，所以此处应用否定形式。‎ ‎3．(2018·山西省八校联考)Try to find a job that can combine your hobbies with your job, which will make your work more boring. ‎ 解析：more→less　根据主句可知，这里指找一份不那么枯燥的工作。‎ ‎4．(2018·合肥市质检)It’s a good chance to improve my English so I want to take part. I am very excited but nervous because I have no experience and don’t suffer from stage fright. ‎ 解析：去掉don’t　根据“I have no experience”及“suffer from”可知，后一分句用肯定形式。‎ ‎5．(2018·潍坊模拟)During the past two weeks, we have studied in the same classroom and lived in the same dormitory, which has enabled us not to know each other better. ‎ 解析：去掉not　根据主句可知后面的定语从句应用肯定形式。‎ ‎1．逻辑意义前后通，否定肯定要分清 ‎(1)在做短文改错题时应根据前后语境判断是并列关系、选择关系还是转折关系，然后确定用哪个并列连词。‎ ‎(2)否定副词除了not外，还有hardly/never/seldom/rarely/scarcely/neither/nor/no等。‎ ‎(3)unless的翻译方法。‎ 不要简单翻译成“除非……”来理解句子意思，而要翻译成“如果不……”来避免跳进句意陷阱。‎ ‎(4)句间多连词，一些受汉语影响的错误，如though/although ...but, because/since/as ...so等，一般去掉后面的连词but和so。‎ ‎2．熟记并列连词用法 ‎(1)若表示并列，则使用and, both ... and ..., not ...but ..., either ...or ..., neither ...nor ..., not only ...but also ...；‎ ‎(2)若表示选择，则使用or；‎ ‎(3)若表示转折，则使用but；‎ ‎(4)若表示原因，则使用for；‎ ‎(5)若表示结果，则使用so；‎ ‎(6)若表示对比，则使用while。‎ 一、 ‎ 单句对点练——练明考点 ‎1.(2018·湖南长郡中学模拟)I told the firefighters about it at once, but they immediately ran into the building and rescued the little girl. ‎ 解析：but→and　根据语境可知，前后句之间为顺承关系，故将but改为and。‎ ‎2．(2019·东北三省四市一模)One lady even praised me but asked her son to learn from me. ‎ 解析：but→and　praised和asked之间是并列关系，用and。‎ ‎3．In my spare time, I often read some books written by famous writers in or abroad. ‎ 解析：or→and　in and abroad固定词组，意为“国内外”，故此处应用and表示“和”。‎ ‎4．In addition, parents’ love shown in this way can also help their children strengthen confidence or hold a positive life attitude. ‎ 解析：or→and　此处指帮助孩子增强自信并对生活持积极态度，前后内容之间是并列关系而不是选择关系，故用and不用or。‎ ‎5．(2016·四川高考)Mom has a full-time job, so she has to do most of the housework. ‎ 解析：so→but　前后句之间为转折关系，故应用but连接。‎ ‎6．Should I tell him the truth, and should I pay to repair it？I wish for your advice. ‎ 解析：and→or　根据语境可知，两个问句之间表示逻辑上的选择关系，故用连词or。‎ ‎7．It was an extremely dark, lonely country road.Neither a single person or any traffic was in sight at all. ‎ 解析：or→nor　此处指既看不到一个人，也根本看不到一辆车。neither ...nor ...为固定搭配，意为“既不……也不……”。‎ ‎8．(2016·全国卷Ⅱ)If we stay at home, it is comfortable but there is no need to spend money. ‎ 解析：but→and 　由句意可知comfortable与“no need to spend money”之间是顺承关系，而非转折关系。‎ ‎9．Standing on the Great Wall, I felt very proud.I thought of the old saying that “One who fails to reach the Great Wall is not a hero.” Although I was tired, but I really had a good time. ‎ 解析：去掉but或but→yet　although不能和but连用，但能和yet连用。‎ ‎10．(2018·郑州第一次质量预测)She was born into a poor family or she worked very hard to be successful. ‎ 解析：or→and/so　根据语境可知，前后表示逻辑上的并列或因果关系，故用and或so。‎ 二、 ‎ 仿真综合练——练通高考 A ‎(2018·安徽省重点中学盟校模拟) A week before Earth Day, posters were put up around our school, called on us to take part the action for a greener earth.Our class came up with the idea of making a better use of used materials.We bring wornout clothes and empty plastic bottles but turned them into dolls and handbags.That weekends, we went to a nearby neighborhood and gave away that we had made to the people there.Everyone was very happily with those gifts, especially little kids and elderly people.We did such well that we were invited by our headmaster to share this meaningful experience and our ideas with all the students of their school.‎ 答案：第一句：called→calling; part后加in 第二句：去掉a 第三句：bring→brought; but→and 第四句：weekends→weekend; that→what 第五句：happily→happy 第六句：such→so; their→our B ‎(2018·长春监测) One day, when I was about 5 or 6 years old, my parents went to a trip.Grandma seemed so happy to take care of me which she made me a special breakfast. Therefore, I complained about the food she cooked.Grandma quiet put down the bowl and went into the living room.I followed and saw tear in her eyes.It was the first time that I have ever seen my strong grandmother to cry.And I knew I was the one who had caused it.I apologized and asked her to forgive me.She smiled and told me I was good boy even if I didn’t feel like one then.That memory will stay in her heart forever, because I learn that ask for forgiveness helps me to learn and grow.‎ 答案：第一句：to→on/for 第二句：which→that 第三句：Therefore→However 第四句：quiet→quietly 第五句：tear→tears 第六句：have→had; 去掉to 第九句：good前加a 第十句：her→my; ask→asking C ‎(2018·福州期末) Sixyearold Ismail Zulfic was born without arms and used to be scary of going into the water after a incident in a pool. So that changed when the little boy met Amel Kapo.He sets up a local swimming club after noticing how disabled kids struggled to swim in pools for lack of special equipments for them.‎ Kapo taught Zulfic swim.Zulfic was able to swim well after a little months of practice.He even won a gold medal in a local swimming competition for disabled people, finish well ahead of other swimmers.‎ This butterfly without wings shows up that desire, will and perseverance are things that real pay off.‎ 答案：第一句：scary→scared; 第一个a→an 第二句：So→But 第三句：sets→set; equipments→equipment 第四句：swim前加to 第五句：little→few 第六句：finish→finishing 第七句：去掉up; real→really