【英语】2018届二轮复习阅读理解说明文类10篇练与析（含有解析）学案（18页word版） 22页

‎2018届二轮复习 阅读理解说明文类10篇练与析 ‎ 【一】‎ Reading can be a social activity. Think of the people who belong to book groups. They choose books to read and then meet to discuss them. Now, the website BookCrossing.com turns the page on the traditional idea of a book group.‎ Members go on the site and register the books they own and would like to share. BookCrossing provides an identification number to stick inside the book. Then the person leaves it in a public place, hoping that the book will have an adventure, traveling far and wide with each new reader who finds it.‎ Bruce Pederson, the managing director of BookCrossing, says, “The two things that change your life are the people you meet and books you read. BookCrossing combines both.”‎ Members leave books on park benches and buses, in train stations and coffee shops. Whoever finds their book will go to the site and record where they found it.‎ People who find a book can also leave a journal entry describing what they thought of it. Emails are then sent to the BookCrossers to keep them updated about where their books have been found. Bruce Pederson says the idea is for people not to be selfish by keeping a book to gather dust on a shelf at home.‎ BookCrossing is part of a trend among people who want to get back to the “real” and not the virtual (虚拟). The site now has more than one million members in more than one hundred thirtyfive countries.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一个图书交流的网站，该网站鼓励人们拿出自己的图书与他人分享，如今超过135个国家的一百多万人成为该网站的会员。‎ ‎5．Why does the author mention book groups in the first paragraph?‎ A．To explain what they are.‎ B．To introduce BookCrossing.‎ C．To stress the importance of reading.‎ D．To encourage readers to share their ideas.‎ 解析：选B　推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句可知，作者提到book groups是为了引出BookCrossing。故选B项。‎ ‎6．What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 2 refer to?‎ A．The book. B．An adventure.‎ C．A public place. D．The identification number.‎ 解析：选A　代词指代题。根据第二段的最后一句可知，此处的“it”指的是“the book”，故选A。‎ ‎7．What will a BookCrosser do with a book after reading it?‎ A．Meet other readers to discuss it.‎ B．Keep it safe in his bookcase.‎ C．Pass it on to another reader.‎ D．Mail it back to its owner.‎ 解析：选C　推理判断题。根据第四段可知，人们在看完一本书之后就把书留在公园的长凳、公共汽车、火车站及咖啡馆等地方，下一位找到这本书的人就到网站上记录他们找到这本书的地点，由此可推断选C项“把书继续传递给另一位读者”。‎ ‎8．What is the best title for the text?‎ A．Online Reading: A Virtual Tour B．Electronic Books: A New Trend C．A Book Group Brings Tradition Back D．A Website Links People through Books 解析：选D　标题归纳题。本文主要介绍了BookCrossing这个网站，因此这篇文章的标题应体现出“网站”这一关键点，再根据第三段中的“the people you meet and books you read”可知只有D项涵盖了这些信息。‎ ‎【二】‎ Daydreaming was viewed as a waste of time. Or it was considered an unhealthy escape from real life and its duties. Daydreaming has always had a bad reputation, but now scientific research has showed that daydreaming may actually improve your mental health and creativity. It can even help you achieve your desired goals.‎ Now some people are taking a fresh look at daydreaming. Some think it may be a very healthy thing to do. Researchers are finding daydreaming, they tell us, is a good means of relaxation. But its benefits go beyond this. A number of psychologists have conducted experiments and have reached some surprising conclusions.‎ Dr. Joan T. Freyberg has concluded that daydreaming contributes to intellectual growth. It also improves concentration, attention span, and the ability to get along with others, she says. In an experiment with school children, the same researcher found that daydreaming led the children to pay more attention to details. They had more happy feelings. They worked together better. Another researcher reported that daydreaming seemed to produce improved selfcontrol and creative abilities.‎ But that’s only part of the_story. The most remarkable thing about daydreaming may be its usefulness in shaping our future lives as we want them to be. Industrialist Henry J. Kaiser believed that much of his success was due to the positive use of daydreaming. He maintained that “you can imagine your future”. Florence Nightingale dreamed of becoming a nurse. The young Thomas Edison pictured himself as an inventor. For these famous achievers, it appears that their daydreams came true.‎ Of course daydreaming is no substitute (代替者) for hard work. You have to work hard to develop skills. Daydreaming alone can’t turn you into your heart’s desire. But in combination with the more usual methods of selfdevelopment, it ‎ might make a critical difference. And who knows: You might see your own daydreams come true.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。一直以来，人们都认为白日梦是浪费时间。然而，现代科学研究表明，白日梦实际上可能改善精神健康和提高创造力，还有助于实现想要达成的目标。‎ ‎1．From the scientific research, a few minutes’ daydreaming will ________.‎ A．relieve stress effectively B．improve grades C．escape from real life and duties D．gain a positive attitudes towards exams 解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第二段第三句可知，科学研究表明，白日梦能使人放松。故A项正确。‎ ‎2．According to Dr. Joan T. Freyberg, daydreaming can ________.‎ A．reduce failure in examinations B．help rapid and continuous physical growth C．improve selfcontrol and creative abilities D．benefit improvement of concentration 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第三段第二句可知，Joan T. Freyberg博士认为白日梦有助于集中注意力。故D项正确。‎ ‎3．What does “the story” in Paragraph 4 refer to?‎ A．The attention.　　　 　B．The conclusion.‎ C．The contribution. D．The concentration.‎ 解析：选B　短语猜测题。第三段主要陈述了Joan T.‎ ‎ Freyberg博士的结论是白日梦有助于改善人的注意力。根据下文所举的例子可知，有关白日梦最值得注意的地方也许是它按照我们的愿望去塑造我们未来生活的作用。由此可知，第三段提到的内容只是结论中的一部分，所以“the story”指的是结论。故B项正确。‎ ‎4．Nightingale and Edison are examples to explain that daydreaming probably ________.‎ A．earns a good reputation B．takes the place of hard work C．pictures future profession D．turns the desire into reality 解析：选C　推理判断题。根据第四段可知，Nightingale梦想自己成为一名护士，年轻时的Edison把自己想象成一个发明家；再结合第四段最后一句可推知，两个例子都在解释白日梦也许能勾画出未来的职业。故C项正确。‎ ‎【三】‎ Owls are equipped with highly developed stealth technology (隐形技术) that helps them charge towards prey — an animal hunted and eaten by another — undetected, a study has shown.‎ Owls have flight feathers that absorb aerodynamic sound and control the vibrations (振动) that occur when a bird beats its wings.The result is perfect silence as it approaches a mouse or other prey.‎ Scientists used lasers and highspeed cameras to analyse and compare longeared owl, eagle and pigeon feathers during flight. While differing in size, all three birds have a similar wingbeat style.‎ Professor Jinkui Chu led the research.He said, “Many owls have a unique and fascinating ability to fly so silently that they are out of their prey’s hearing range, due to their feather structure.”‎ This behaviour has long been of interest to engineers, as we seek to apply the owls’ noisereduction mechanisms (机制) to other purposes and situations that benefit society.‎ ‎“Now, however, we know the owls’ silent flight ability is even better than we thought. Of all birds the owl is the king of acoustic stealth. It not only manages to prevent aerodynamic noise when gliding, but also mechanical noise caused by vibration during flying.”‎ This is remarkable, considering the sudden jumping, bending and twisting the wings are subjected to when flapping and the noise that is created by other birds.‎ In the scientific world the process used to remove this mechanical noise is called “damping”， which means the removal of mechanical energy from a vibrating system usually by changing it into heat and allowing it to remain steady.‎ ‎“Our research showed the longeared owl has superior damping skill, meaning it can remain amazingly stable and remove mechanical noise caused by the movement of its feathers — quite an impressive achievement of engineering.”‎ He added，“This study will hopefully provide further insight into the owls’ silent flight mechanism and help engineers develop ideas for special materials or structures, such as onshore wind turbines, where similar noise removal can be applied.”‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。研究指出猫头鹰有一种高度发达的隐形技术，这能帮助它们悄然无声地冲向猎物。‎ ‎9．What can be TRUE about owls according to the text?‎ A．They are active during the day.‎ B．They attract much attention from engineers.‎ C．They have similar wings to eagles.‎ D．They beat wings without vibrations.‎ 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第五段中的“This behaviour has long been of ‎ interest to engineers”可知，猫头鹰引起了工程师的广泛关注。‎ ‎10．By saying “the owl is the king of acoustic stealth” in Paragraph 6, Jinkui Chu means owls ________. ‎ A．are good at capturing prey B．have a good sense of hearing C．are good at jumping and twisting D．have silent flight ability 解析：选D　推理判断题。根据第六段中的“we know the owls’ silent flight ability is even better than we thought ... It not only manages to prevent aerodynamic noise when gliding ...”，再结合上下文可知，猫头鹰有无声飞行的能力，所以D项正确。‎ ‎11．What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 8 refer to?‎ A．Mechanical noise.‎ B．The vibrating system.‎ C．Mechanical energy.‎ D．The removal of mechanical energy.‎ 解析：选C　代词指代题。分析该词所在句“the process used to remove this mechanical noise is called ’damping’， which means the removal of mechanical energy from a vibrating system”可知，it指代的是mechanical energy (机械能)。‎ ‎12．What is mainly talked about in this text?‎ A．Facts about stealth technology.‎ B．Technique that owls use to fly.‎ C．The reason of researching into owls.‎ D．A study about owls’ unique ability.‎ 解析：选D　主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了一项关于猫头鹰的研究，故D项最能概括文章主旨。‎ ‎【四】‎ ‎ Scientists have found we are more likely to die on our birthdays than any other day. Researchers who studied more than two million people over 40 years found a rise in deaths from heart attacks, strokes (中风), falls and suicides on that day.‎ William Shakespeare died on his birthday on April 23, 1616. The actress Ingrid Bergman also died on her birthday, in August, 1982. On average, people over the age of 60 were 14 percent more likely to die on their birthdays. Heart attacks rose 18.6 percent on birthdays and were higher for men than women while strokes were up 21.5 percent — mostly in women. Dr. Vladeta Ajdacic of the University of Zurich said, “Birthdays end in a dangerous way more frequently than might be expected.” He added that risk of birthday death rose as people got older.‎ Canadian data also showed that strokes were more likely on birthdays, especially among patients with high blood pressure. There was a 34.9 percent rise in suicides, 28.5 percent rise in accidental deaths not related to cars, and a 44 percent rise in deaths from falls on birthdays. Psychologist Professor Richard Wiseman, from the University of Hertfordshire, said，“It seems to be a reliable finding. There are two cases — one is the case that suggests you eat too much and you are getting over excited and that causes you to die.” He said continuously, “The other is a placebo (安慰剂) effect. You_are_knifeedged_on_death. And you kept yourself going until your birthday. You think ’That’s it. I’ve had enough. I’m out of here.’” Dr. Lewis Halsey of the University of Roehampton said, “One interesting finding is that more suicides happen on birthdays, though only in men. Perhaps men are more likely to make a statement about their unhappiness when they think people will be taking more notice of them.”‎ The study is published in the journal Annals of Epidemiology.‎ 语篇解读：‎ 本文是一篇说明文。研究表明，60岁以上人群在生日那天死亡率升高，并分析了原因。‎ ‎5．Which of the following can properly be put at the beginning of Paragraph 1?‎ A．Be happy on your birthday.‎ B．Be ready to care for others.‎ C．Be cautious about what you eat.‎ D．Be careful when blowing out candles.‎ 解析：选D　推理判断题。根据第一段第一句可知，生日那天的死亡率更高。D项意为“吹生日蜡烛时要小心”，承接下文，可以放在第一段的开头。故答案选D。‎ ‎6．Which of the following explanations for the birthday death is TRUE?‎ A．More women tend to kill themselves on birthdays.‎ B．Strokes rise on birthday in both men and women.‎ C．Eating too much and getting much excitement make you die on birthday.‎ D．Unhappiness gets you to be conscious of the importance of noticing others.‎ 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第三段第四句可知，在生日那天死亡的原因包括吃得太多和过度兴奋。故答案选C。‎ ‎7．What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 3 mean?‎ A．You’re soon dying.‎ B．The knife is very dangerous.‎ C．You’ve broken down.‎ D．The edge of the knife is sharp.‎ 解析：选A　句意理解题。根据画线句后的“And you kept yourself ...I’m out of ‎ here.’”可知，此处应指你离死亡已经不远，但你强撑着身体，想等到生日那天享完了福再死。故画线句意为“你不久就要死去”。故答案选A。‎ ‎8．Where is the passage most likely to be taken from?‎ A．A textbook.　　　　　 　B．A storybook.‎ C．A magazine. D．An advertisement.‎ 解析：选C　文章出处题。根据最后一段可知，这篇文章应选自杂志。故答案选C。‎ ‎【五】‎ Christmas Day is for eating, drinking, watching bad TV — and trying to cover up your embarrassment as you realize your husband’s aunt Maude has spent her pension on your present while you bought her a set of Christmas cards.‎ Presentbuying can be a minefield: from how much to spend, to whether to risk surprising receivers with a gift they don’t want, to knowing if you should buy your neighbor you only say hello to a little something.‎ Here, FEMAIL has asked experts for their top tips on how to select present to ensure the only thing that’s red this Christmas is Santa Claus’ nose.‎ ‎“If you’ve just started seeing someone you don’t need to spend a fortune，” says dating advisor James Preece.‎ ‎“It’s much better to impress them with your imagination by choosing a gift that’s a little bit different. ￡20 is about the right amount, with a maximum of ￡50 if you can afford it.”‎ ‎“Or you don’t even need to go that far”， says relationship expert and founder of BeLoveCurious.com, Helen Rice. “Plan to spend a romantic evening together or have a fun day out. Feel free to give the person you’re dating something thoughtful,‎ ‎ just don’t spend a lot of money.”‎ ‎“If you’re in a longterm relationship then your budget really reflects on your personal situation，” adds James. “You don’t need to go crazy, but it’s a great opportunity to show you love and appreciate them.”‎ ‎“It’s also best to buy a few cheaper presents rather than big one. Part of the fun is the mystery and unwrapping, so it will last longer if you give them several to enjoy.”‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。圣诞节是西方一个盛大的节日，此刻给亲朋好友送去圣诞祝福也是非常重要的一种庆祝方式。那么如何避免圣诞节送礼不当所产生的尴尬呢？一起来看看文章给我们的建议吧。‎ ‎5．What is the purpose of the first paragraph in this article?‎ A．To arrest the attention of readers.‎ B．To criticize greed of mean couples.‎ C．To describe traditional customs of Christmas Day.‎ D．To express sympathies for embarrassed senior citizens.‎ 解析：选A　推理判断题。根据第一段可知，在圣诞节那天，人们吃吃喝喝，看看没营养的电视剧——还要试图掩饰因送礼不当而产生的尴尬，如你丈夫的阿姨Maude用退休金给你买了贵重礼物，而你却只送了她一套圣诞卡。下文紧接着讲买圣诞节礼物是件很棘手的事情，并为此提出了建议。由此可知，第一段通过假设点明问题，从而吸引读者的注意力。故A项正确。‎ ‎6．What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 3 imply?‎ A．To accumulate red symbols for Christmas atmosphere.‎ B．To calculate how much paint they need to decorate the house.‎ C．To surprise their friends with their delicate intention.‎ D．To avoid unnecessary embarrassment when sending gifts.‎ 解析：选D　推理判断题。联系上文可知，买圣诞节礼物需要考虑很多因素。FEMAIL就如何选择礼物征求了专家的建议，就是为了避免大家在送圣诞节礼物时产生不必要的尴尬。故D项正确。‎ ‎7．Which statement does James Preece agree?‎ A．Only rare treasures can move a stone heart.‎ B．Diamonds are girls’ best friends.‎ C．Curiosity to gifts adds to fun.‎ D．True friends need nothing but trust.‎ 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句James Preece说的话可知，James Preece认为对礼物的好奇心会增加乐趣。故C项正确。‎ ‎8．Who are the target readers of this article?‎ A．Those who cannot afford expensive eating.‎ B．Those who want to fix their broken friendship.‎ C．Those who have trouble in picking proper gifts.‎ D．Those who have once quarreled with their neighbors.‎ 解析：选C　读者对象题。根据文章前三段可知，本文是向那些不知道如何挑选恰当的圣诞节礼物的读者提供了一些建议。故C项正确。‎ ‎ 【六】‎ Those accustomed to browsing through thousands of books in large bookstores may find Japan’s Morioka Shoten a little strange. That’s because this tiny bookstore that is located in Ginza, Tokyo sells only a single book at a time.‎ Opened in May 2015, Morioka Shoten is the brainchild of Yoshiyuki Morioka. He began his career as a bookstore clerk in Tokyo’s Kanda district before branching out to open his own store. It was here while organizing book reading and signing that ‎ he realized that customers usually came into the store with one title in mind. Morioka began to wonder if a store could exist by selling multiple copies of just one single book. In November 2014, he partnered with Masamichi Toyama to establish a unique bookstore with the philosophy of “A Single Room with a Single Book”．‎ The selections that are picked by Morioka change weekly and vary widely to attract customers with different interests. Recent choices include The True Deceiver, an awardwinning Swedish novel by Tove Jansson, Hans Andersen’s Fairy Tales, and a collection of Karl Blossfeldt’s photography of plants. Morioka has also selected books written by a famous Japanese author Mimei Ogawa.‎ To highlight his only offering, Morioka often uses clever tricks. For example, when selling a book about flowers, the storekeeper decorated his shop with the ones that had been mentioned in the book. He also encourages authors to hold talks and discussions so they can connect with customers. Morioka says his goal is for the customers to experience being inside a book, not just a bookstore.‎ Risky as the idea might seem, things appear to be going well. The storekeeper says he has sold over 2,100 books. Things can get better given that his bookstore is becoming increasingly popular not just among the locals but also visitors from other countries.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。在日本你会发现一家名为“Morioka Shoten”的别致书店，这家书店因其特别的经营方式很快就吸引了众人的注意。‎ ‎4．What inspired Morioka to open such a bookstore?‎ A．A Swedish novel. B．His present partner.‎ C．A bookstore clerk. D．His working experience.‎ 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第二段可知，在开办自己的书店之前Morioka当过书店的店员，正是在工作中，他开始想创办一家“一周只卖一本书”的书店，由此可知，他的工作经验给了他灵感。‎ ‎5．Why is Morioka Shoten unique?‎ A．It is popular with foreigners.‎ B．It sells books of different topics.‎ C．It is decorated with colorful flowers.‎ D．It sells various copies of a book in a week.‎ 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第一段的“sells only a single book at a time”可知，选项D正确。‎ ‎6．Why does Morioka encourage authors to hold talks?‎ A．To introduce his bookstore.‎ B．To advocate his philosophy.‎ C．To make books better understood.‎ D．To help readers connect with each other.‎ 解析：选C　推理判断题。根据第四段的第三句和第四句可知，Morioka鼓励作者举办会谈、讨论是为了与顾客接触，这样顾客便会更好地体会书中的内容，故选C。‎ ‎7．What’s the author’s opinion about the bookstore’s future?‎ A．Risky. B．Promising.‎ C．Unpredictable. D．Hopeless.‎ 解析：选B　观点态度题。根据文章最后一段的内容可知，这个书店会变得更好，它不仅在当地人中而且在其他国家的游客中也受欢迎，由此可知，作者认为这个书店很有发展前途。‎ ‎【七】‎ Thanks to this new hands free suitcase, carrying around heavy luggage may soon become a thing of the past. Designed by Israeli company NUA Robotics, this “smart” suitcase can follow you everywhere you go.‎ The carryon suitcase, currently a prototype (雏形), connects to a smartphone app via bluetooth. It has a builtin camera sensor that can “see” you and follow you around on flat surfaces like airport floors. It comes with an antitheft alarm to prevent someone carrying it away when you’re not looking, and it has a backup (备用) battery that you can use to charge all your devices.‎ ‎“It can follow and carry things for people around while communicating with their smartphone, and avoiding obstacles，” explained Alex Libman, founder of NUA Robotics. “We’re combining sensor network, computer vision, and robotics. So if you download our app (应用), press the ’follow me’ button, the luggage recognizes its user and knows to follow and communicate.”‎ NUA is still testing the device and trying improve features like speed and customization (客户订制), but they hope to make the suitcase available to customers in a year’s time. If it proves successful, they want to use the bluetooth pairing technology to automate lots of other devices, like shopping carts at the supermarket. These devices are especially meant to be useful to the physically disabled and elderly. “Any object can be smart and robotic，” Libman told Mashable. “We want to bring robots into everyday life.”‎ The Israeli tech company made it clear that the finished product will look just like a regular suitcase. They’re planning to partner with a carryon luggage maker, since the device that makes it “smart” weighs just 2.5 pounds and can be fitted on oldfashion luggage.‎ With NUA’s smart suitcase, carrying around heavy luggage isn’t a burden. But how their invention will handle tough obstacles like stairs? It will be interesting to wait.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，文章介绍了一种无需手提的智能旅行箱。‎ ‎9．According to the passage, the “smart” suitcase ________.‎ A．can go everywhere B．is on sale now C．can make our hands free during traveling D．was designed by Alex Libman 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第一段第一句可知，这种智能的行李箱能够让我们在旅行中无需拖着沉重的箱子。故选C。‎ ‎10．If you want to use this free hand suitcase, you must ______.‎ A．download the app B．avoid obstacles C．look at it all the time D．carry a camera 解析：选A　推理判断题。根据第二段第一句及文章内容可推知，如果你想使用这款箱子，你必须下载手机应用程序。故选A。‎ ‎11．What can we learn about NUA?‎ A．It was founded by Mashable.‎ B．It has improved the features of the device.‎ C．It wants to bring more smart and robotic devices into everyday life.‎ D．It will make the suitcase available to customers in a month.‎ 解析：选C　推理判断题。根据第四段第二句及第四段内容可推知，NUA想将更多的智能机器化设备带到日常生活中。故选C。‎ ‎12．Where is the article probably from?‎ A．A textbook. B．A poster.‎ C．A biography. D．A website.‎ 解析：选D　文章出处题。根据文章第三段“So if you download our app (应用), press the ’follow me’ button ...”可推断，本文可能来自一个网站。故选D。‎ ‎【八】‎ Akinwumi Adesina, president of the African Development Bank, has won the 2017 World Food Prize for his work to increase production and farm incomes. Dr Adesina said providing millions of farmers with seeds and fertilizers (肥料) was vital to promote development. He added that 98% of the world’s 800 million skinny people live in Africa. Since 1986, the World Food Prize aims to recognize efforts to increase the quality and quantity of available food.‎ Dr Adesina said that he was “very happy” to win the award. “For me, the award is not just about recognition for me, it is also about putting the wind behind the sails of what still needs to be done in African agriculture,” he said. He added that the problem that needed to be solved was that the level of productivity of the African agriculture was “so, so low”. “One of the things that I have worked on was how to accelerate our efforts,” he said. “You know, you can find Coca-Cola anywhere in rural Africa, so why can’t you find seeds or why can’t you find fertilizers? It is because the model that was used to hand out was based on government systems, which are very, very ineffective. So I thought the best way to do that is to support rural companies to have their own small shops to sell seeds and fertilizers to farmers.”‎ The World Food Prize was founded in 1986 by Dr. Norman E Borlaug, who won the 1970 Nobel Peace Prize. Dr Adesina will receive the US $250,000 prize at the Borlaug Dialogue international symposium, which is held in the US to “help further the discussion on global food security issues and inspire the next generation to end hunger”.‎ President of the World Food Prize Foundation, former US ambassador Kenneth Quinn, said the judging panel hoped awarding Dr Adesina this year’s prize would “inspire the next generation of Africans as they meet the challenges of the 21st century”.‎ ‎24. Why was Dr Adesina awarded?‎ A. Because he became president of African Development Bank.‎ B. Because he realized his dream of helping the farmers in Africa.‎ C. Because he found some ways to make land produce more crops.‎ D. Because he intended to increase the quality and quantity of available food.‎ ‎25. What did Dr Adesina mean when he said “putting the wind behind the sail”？‎ A. Much work had to be completed. B. He was recognized by the world.‎ C. He wanted to show his happiness. D. The African agriculture was better.‎ ‎26. What did Dr Adesina do to help the farmers?‎ A. He handed out the seeds on government systems.‎ B. He gave Coca-Cola to them anywhere he met them.‎ C. He changed ways of providing seeds and fertilizers.‎ D. He ran shops to sell seeds and fertilizers to farmers.‎ ‎27. Who would end the problem of food shortage in Africa?‎ A. All the people in Africa. B. The next generation of Africans.‎ C. Food and Agriculture Organization. D. The scientists in the United States.‎ 答案：24—27 CACB ‎【九】‎ Civil society in Morocco is working hard to fight tobacco and drug addiction ‎ among young people. With the help of non-governmental organizations, many teenagers have managed to give up smoking.‎ Salim, eighteen years old, is one of them. “A friend offered me my first cigarette. Soon, I started buying my own cigarette and got in the habit of smoking. As my parents didn’t realize that I was smoking, I carried on until one day a teacher, who was a member of an organisation, saved me. He gave me advice and support for several weeks till I finally quitted this bad habit. ” Salim said.‎ Samira is a secondary school student. “My mother neglected (忽视) me. She gave me money just to get rid of me. As for my dad, he only came home in the evening and always started shouting at my mother. I easily found refuge to drugs. ” She explains.‎ Amina Baaji is a teacher and member of the Moroccan Associations for Listening and Dialogue. She stressed the importance of the role of parents in dealing with cigarette smoking, before it leads to drug addiction. “Families must look after their children and try to understand them so that they will not become addicted to tobacco or drugs. ”She says. “Parents’ failure to listen to their children and understand their problems is the main reason why young people start smoking or taking drugs.” She adds.‎ Jamal Bahaoui, another teacher, agrees with Baaji. “If young people are to be protected from tobacco and drugs, families and schools must keep an eye on them and try to understand their needs and fears.” He explains. “Teachers must spend more time listening to their students so that they can give them guidance and help them deal with their psychological problems.” He adds.‎ ‎28. What’s the main idea of the text?‎ A. Non-governmental organizations in Morocco.‎ B. Anti-smoking and drug campaigns in Morocco.‎ C. Students, psychological problems in Morocco.‎ D. Teenagers giving up smoking or drugs in Morocco.‎ ‎29. How did Salimas teacher help him?‎ A. By keeping encouraging him to keep away from tobacco.‎ B. By continuing to tell him to talk with his mother.‎ C. By giving him money to support his studies.‎ D. By communicating with his mother.‎ ‎30. What led to Samira’s drug addiction?‎ A. Her own bad habit. B. Her family problem.‎ C. Her teachers’ ignorance. D. Her failure to listen to her parents.‎ ‎31. What does Baaji advise parents to do to protect their children from addiction?‎ A. Give advice to their children.‎ B. Give up smoking or taking drugs.‎ C. Communicate with their children.‎ D. Put their family problems behind their children.‎ 答案：28—31 BABC ‎【十】‎ Queuing, unpacking and repacking our suitcases is the price of airport security. Suitcases go through an X-ray and any suspicious (可疑的) image means the luggage is sent on to a second machine, but a new 3D scanner may speed things up. It was the result of a collaboration (合作) between a global company, Rapiscan, and a team led by professor Bill Lionheart.‎ The idea is that the bags could have a three-dimensional scan and be viewed from any angle, allowing the security people to get a much better idea of the contents of a piece of luggage much faster. “They had invented it to make it very fast,” says Lionheart, “but they hadn’t thought about how to make the three-dimensional picture.” Despite the difficulties, Lionheart and his team who designed the machine finally managed to make one based on complex mathematical calculations, which the operator can look at in any direction.‎ The resulting machine, the RTT80 3D scanner won a famous Engineer magazine prize and has been inexperimental use in the US and in Germany with a view to being put into production if it meets the necessary standards. The mathematics they’ve used for the scanner is also a starting point for other applications. Rapiscan also makes metal detectors which made Professor Lionheart think that there are perhaps new ways of thinking about landmines (地雷).‎ Lionheart says, “Generally, it will take hundreds of years to clear the mines. We’re hoping that this metal detector project will lead to clean up landmines quicker.” Lionheart believes that mathematics is particularly good at working across different engineering problems. “You start looking at X-rays in airport security; then apply the same things to material science, inventing detectors, and you realize the same mathematics could be applied to landmine detection. We tend to make bridges across different areas of knowledge because the mathematics is shared.”‎ ‎32. What may security measures at airports result in?‎ A. Passengers having to wait in lines.‎ B. Checking suitcases being very expensive.‎ C. Airplanes sometimes having to be put off.‎ D. All luggage passing through at least two machines.‎ ‎33. Which is right about the new three-dimensional picture of luggage?‎ A. It was invented by accident.‎ B. It has already been put on the market.‎ C. It depended on mathematical calculations.‎ D. It can be mistaken for the image of other luggage.‎ ‎34. What does the underlined word “it” refer to in Paragraph 3?‎ A. The prize. B. The production.‎ C. The experimental use. D. The 3D scanner.‎ ‎35. What can we know about mathematics from Lionheart’s words?‎ A. It inspires Lionheart to design the 3D scanner.‎ B. It has wide application in the engineering field.‎ C. It accelerates the solving of the landmine problem.‎ D. It can reduce the differences between scientific fields.‎ 答案：32—35 ACDB