【英语】2020届二轮复习阅读理解之推理判断题学案 21页

推理判断题——推断隐含意义题 ‎(建议用时：25分钟)‎ A ‎(2019·绍兴诊断性考试)I’ve been a volunteer in the Macmillan @ Glasgow Libraries programme for just over a year. I got involved because I was looking for something to volunteer for after I retired from work. I thought being a Macmillan Cancer Information and Support Volunteer might be a good way to do that by using some of the skills I learned at work.‎ At one time, I felt I made a real difference when a lady came in to use the service. She was very upset, but she was not the person with cancer. It was her partner. She had lots of things on her mind. We, together with a counselor, had a chat about her to help deal with all the emotions(情感) she felt. We knew we could arrange something, so we discussed with her what could be done for her family. She was relieved that we could get something arranged for her and liked the fact that we managed to get the ball rolling during her visit.‎ The good thing about having the services in the library is that the environment is nonclinical and therefore more relaxing than the hospital or doctor’s surgery. The team in the library are not medically trained. That means we do not use big words or medical terms very often.‎ It’s great that the people who volunteer all work well together, helping each other to get a resolution(解决) for people who come in. It’s good to have the team at the other end of the phone whenever we get something unusual. It is a pleasure to be able to help as a volunteer.‎ ‎【解题导语】　本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者在本文中记叙了自己作为一名志愿者的经历。作者退休后，利用自己的技能去帮助那些需要帮助的人，并从中得到了快乐。‎ ‎1．What can we infer about the author?‎ A．He is a retired doctor.‎ B．He is volunteering in a hospital.‎ C．He is a counselor in cancer.‎ D．He has fought against cancer before.‎ A　解析：推理判断题。根据第一段的内容可知，作者现在已经退休，而且有医学方面的技能；结合第三段的内容，可以推测出作者是一名退休医生。‎ ‎2．Why did the lady feel upset?‎ A．Because she was affected by cancer.‎ B．Because her husband suffered from cancer.‎ C．Because she didn’t know how to treat cancer.‎ D．Because she had a poor relation with her husband.‎ B　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“She was very upset, but she was not the person with ‎ cancer. It was her partner.”和“we discussed with her what could be done for her family”可知，这位女士的丈夫得了癌症。注意：此处的“partner”表示“配偶”。‎ ‎3．What do we know about the volunteers?‎ A．They do well in teamwork.‎ B．They receive medical training.‎ C．They all used to be helped.‎ D．They often meet unusual things.‎ A　解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段的首句“It’s great that the people who volunteer all work well together, helping each other to get a resolution(解决) for people who come in.”可知，所有的志愿者都能很好地共同工作，彼此帮助，为来求助的人提供好的解决方案。由此推知，他们具有很强的团队意识，善于团队合作。‎ ‎4．Why does the author write this text?‎ A．To call on readers to do voluntary work.‎ B．To show us how to help those in trouble.‎ C．To share his experiences as a volunteer.‎ D．To teach us how to take care of cancer patients.‎ C　解析：写作意图题。综合全文内容可知，本文主要讲述的是作者的志愿者经历。因此，作者写作的目的也就是要分享他作为志愿者的经历。‎ B A woman grasped her phone to her heart the way a minister might hold a Bible. She was anxious to take a picture of a bunch of flowers that sat not 10 feet away, but first she had to get through a crowd of others pushing to do the same. The cause of this was Bouquets to Art, one of the most popular annual events at the de Young Museum in San Francisco. For the 34th year, artists were asked to create flower bunches that respond to pieces of art on display, from ancient carvings to contemporary sculptures. It’s time to take a photo to post on Instagram, but to the point that it has become a problem.‎ In recent years, the de Young received more than a thousand complaints from people who felt that cell phones had ruined their experience. In fact, institutions of fine art around the world face similar problems as the desire to take photographs becomes a huge draw for museums as well as something that upsets some of their visitors. So the de Young responded with a kind of compromise: carving out “photo free” hours during the exhibition’s sixday run.‎ One common complaint in the ongoing debates over the effect of social media on museum culture is that people seem to be missing out on experiences because they are so busy collecting evidence of them. A recent study in the journal Psychological Science suggests there is some truth to this; it found that people who took photos of an exhibit rather than simply observing it had a harder time remembering what they saw. But the issue is complicated for the professionals running ‎ museums. Linda Butler, the de Young’s head of marketing, communications and visitor experience, acknowledges that not everyone wants a museum to be “a phototaking playland”. Yet a lot of other people do, and she thinks that the de Young is in no position to judge that one motivation for buying a $28 ticket is more valid than another. “If we removed social media and photography，” she says, “we would risk becoming less popular.” If this is a battle, signs indicate that the prophone crowd(亲手机人群) has already won.‎ ‎【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍de Young博物馆收到了很多关于在展馆内拍照的投诉，对此博物馆管理方作出回应，最终采取了一个折中的办法，即在展期内抽出“自由拍照”时间。‎ ‎5．What were the crowd eager to do in paragraph 1?‎ A．To hold a Bible.‎ B．To admire flowers.‎ C．To take a photo.‎ D．To see the exhibition.‎ C　解析：推理判断题。根据第一段第二句“She was anxious to take a picture of a bunch of flowers that sat not 10 feet away, but first she had to get through a crowd of others pushing to do the same.”可推知，人们都在忙于拍照。故正确答案为C。‎ ‎6．How did the de Young respond to the complaints?‎ A．By setting periods without phototaking.‎ B．By making the exhibition free of charge.‎ C．By compromising with other institutions.‎ D．By giving extra time to take photos freely.‎ A　解析：推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句“So the de Young responded with a kind of compromise: carving out ‘photo free’ hours during the exhibition’s sixday run.”可知，管理方规定在特定时间内不许拍照。故正确答案为A。‎ ‎7．What can we infer about the use of social media in museums according to the recent study?‎ A．It uncovers the truth.‎ B．It accumulates evidence.‎ C．It causes complaints.‎ D．It plays a negative role.‎ D　解析：推理判断题。根据第三段第一句“One common complaint in the ongoing debates over the effect of social media on museum culture is that people seem to be missing out on experiences because they are so busy collecting evidence of them.”及语境可推知，最近研究表明，‎ 在博物馆中使用社交媒介起到了负面作用。故正确答案为D。‎ ‎8．Which of the following may Linda Butler support?‎ A．Catering to visitors.‎ B．Reducing admission prices.‎ C．Reserving judgement in public.‎ D．Banning social media and photography.‎ A　解析：推理判断题。根据第三段倒数第二句“‘If we removed social media and photography，’ she says, ‘we would risk becoming less popular.’”可推知，Linda Butler支持迎合游客的做法。故正确答案为A。‎ ‎[长难句分析]　One common complaint in the ongoing debates over the effect of social media on museum culture is that people seem to be missing out on experiences because they are so busy collecting evidence of them.(第三段第一句)‎ 分析：本句是一个主从复合句。that引导表语从句；because引导原因状语从句。‎ 译文：在关于社交媒介对博物馆文化产生的影响的持续争论中，一个普遍的抱怨是人们似乎忽略了这种艺术体验，因为他们忙于收集(他们来过的)证据。‎ C Technology offers conveniences such as opening the garage door from your car or changing the television station without touching the TV.‎ Now one American company is offering its employees a new convenience: a microchip implanted in their hands. Employees who have these chips can do all kinds of things just by waving their hands. Three Square Market is offering to implant microchips in all of their employees for free. Each chip costs $300 and Three Square Market will pay for the chip. Employees can volunteer to have the chips implanted in their hands. About 70 out of 80 employees have chosen to do so. The president of the company, his wife and their children are also getting chips implanted in their hands. ‎ The chip is about the size of a grain of rice. Implanting the chip only takes about a second and is said to hurt only very briefly. The chips go under the skin between the thumb and forefinger. With a chip in the hand, a person can enter the office building, buy food, sign into computers and more, simply by waving that hand near a scanner. The chips will be also used to identify employees. Employees who want convenience, but do not want to have a microchip implanted under their skin, can wear a wristband or a ring with a chip instead. They can perform the same tasks with a wave of their hands as if they had an implanted chip.‎ Three Square Market is the first company in the United States to offer to implant chips in its employees. Epicenter, a company in Sweden, has been implanting chips in its employees for a while.‎ Three Square Market says the chip cannot track the employees. The company says scanners can read the chips only when they are within a few inches of them. “The chips protect against identity theft, similar to credit cards.” The U．S. Food and Drug Administration approved the chips back in ‎ ‎2004, so they should be safe for humans, according to the company.‎ In the future, people with the chips may be able to do more with them, even outside the office. Todd Westby is Chief Executive Officer of Three Square Market. He says, “Eventually, this technology will become standardized allowing you to use this as your passport, public transit, all purchasing opportunities, etc.”‎ ‎【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了美国一家公司通过给员工手里植入一种芯片的方式来提高员工的工作效率，还介绍了该芯片的有关情况以及人们对它的看法。‎ ‎9．What is the third paragraph mainly about?‎ A．The substitutes of the chips.‎ B．The potential risks of implanting the chips.‎ C．The places to implant the chips.‎ D．The advantages of the chips.‎ D　解析：段落大意题。通读本段可知，本段主要介绍了植入芯片后的好处，如方便购物、识别员工身份等。故D项正确。‎ ‎10．What does the underlined word “them” in paragraph 5 refer to?‎ A．The hands.　　　　　　 B．The scanners.‎ C．The employees. D．The credit cards.‎ B　解析：代词指代题。根据第五段中的“the chip cannot track the employees. The company says scanners can read the chips only when they are within a few inches of them．”可知，芯片不能跟踪员工，但当芯片在距离扫描仪几英寸之内时，扫描仪就能读取芯片的信息。由此可推知，画线词指代扫描仪。故B项正确。‎ ‎11．What can we infer from the passage?‎ A．The chips have magic powers.‎ B．The price of the chips is reasonable.‎ C．The chips are very popular among the employees.‎ D．Most people suspect the application of the chips.‎ C　解析：推理判断题。根据第二段倒数第二句“About 70 out of 80 employees have chosen to do so.”可推知，该芯片很受员工的欢迎。故C项正确。‎ ‎12．Which of the following best describes Todd Westby’s attitude towards the chips?‎ A．Defensive. B．Disappointing.‎ C．Casual. D．Optimistic.‎ D　解析：观点态度题。根据最后一段第三句“He says, ‘Eventually, this technology will become standardized allowing you to use this as your passport, public transit, all purchasing opportunities, etc.’”可知，Todd Westby ‎ 认为芯片技术将最终将成为你生活中的好帮手。由此可推知，他对芯片的态度非常乐观。故D项正确。‎ ‎[长难句分析]　Employees who want convenience, but do not want to have a microchip implanted under their skin, can wear a wristband or a ring with a chip instead.(第三段倒数第二句)‎ 分析：本句是一个主从复合句。who引导定语从句，修饰先行词Employees。‎ 译文：想要方便，但又不想在皮肤下植入芯片的员工，可以戴上带有芯片的腕带或戒指。‎ 推理判断题——观点态度题 ‎(建议用时：25分钟)‎ A ‎(2019·衢州、福州、丽水三地教学质量检测)On a recent afternoon, some 60 years after they graduated from grammar school, Kathleen Rys, 72, and her sister Lorraine O’Kelly, 70, sat down and had a meal with a classmate, Bruce Smit, 71, for the first time.‎ In the 1950s, Lorraine and Kathleen Rys’ family moved from Chicago to Monee. As new kids at Monee Elementary School, they soon found themselves on the outs with other students.‎ ‎“I would be with the other guys and see Kathleen walking down the hallway, her head down, holding her books, walking slowly. And all of us guys would lean against the wall until she passed. Then we’d burst into laughter. How rude is that? It’s just crazy，” said Bruce, a doctor whose wife, Tammy, organized the meeting.‎ The women said none of the teachers cared about it. “We just kept it to ourselves，” Lorraine said.‎ Over the years, Tammy Smit said, “Bruce would just start to cry at times. He’d wonder what happened to the sisters, if they led a good life.” One day a few weeks ago, Tammy took to the Internet and found Mary O’Kelly, Lorraine’s daughter, and offered to set up a meeting. The idea of revisiting the pain was not wellreceived by Kathleen, who had never married, let alone gone on a date. It took some convincing, but Lorraine finally got Kathleen to agree to meet with Bruce.‎ Bruce broke into tears. “I’m so ashamed, so embarrassed，” he said. “But I’m so happy that you’re still here and that I can finally apologize.” He said he hoped his apology would encourage others to seek forgiveness for the pain they had made on others. Lorraine said, “This is a beautiful thing. It’s just wonderful that a person can ask for forgiveness after about 60 years. It’s like a miracle to us. It’s healing to us.”‎ ‎【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文。大约六十年前，Kathleen Rys和她的妹妹Lorraine O’Kelly转学到一所新学校，不料遭到了同班同学的嘲笑。多年以后，班里的男生Bruce Smit感到非常后悔，其妻子在网上找到这对姐妹的信息后，为他们安排了一次会面。Bruce Smit向她们道了歉，这对姐妹也原谅了他……‎ ‎1．What can we learn from the first three paragraphs?‎ A．Kathleen made her classmates afraid of her at school.‎ B．Kathleen was once hurt by her classmates at school.‎ C．Bruce Smit asked his wife to organize the meeting.‎ D．Bruce Smit spoke ill of Kathleen.‎ B　解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“And all of us guys would lean against the wall until she passed. Then we’d burst into laughter. How rude is that？”可知，Bruce和其他男生都紧靠着墙，直到Kathleen走过去，然后他们突然大笑起来，这是非常无礼的；并结合前两段内容可推知，Kathleen曾经受到同班同学的伤害，故B项正确。‎ ‎2．What does the underlined word “it” in the 4th paragraph probably refer to?‎ A．The guys’ meeting.　　 B．Kathleen’s slow pace.‎ C．The guys’ apology. D．Kathleen’s suffering.‎ D　解析：代词指代题。根据第三段中的“And all of us guys would lean against the wall until she passed. Then we’d burst into laughter. How rude is that？”可知，Bruce和其他男生都紧靠着墙，直到Kathleen走过去，然后他们突然大笑起来，这是非常无礼的；并结合第四段中的“The women said none of the teachers cared about it．”和“We just kept it to ourselves”可知，没有任何老师对此表示关心，她们也不对别人说；据此可推知，it指代Kathleen因受到同班同学的嘲笑而遭受的精神上的痛苦，故D项正确。‎ ‎3．How did Kathleen first feel about the meeting?‎ A．Angry. B．Excited.‎ C．Anxious. D．Unwilling.‎ D　解析：推理判断题。根据第五段倒数第二句“The idea of revisiting the pain was not wellreceived by Kathleen, who had never married, let alone gone on a date.”可知，Kathleen不想接受重新体验痛苦的建议，她从未结过婚，更不用说约过会了；据此可推知，对于三人的会面，Kathleen一开始是不愿意接受的，故D项正确。‎ ‎4．What can we infer from the last paragraph?‎ A．Bruce was embarrassed about his apology.‎ B．The other guys apologized to the two sisters.‎ C．Bruce and the two sisters felt a sense of relief.‎ D．Lorraine thought the apology came a little late.‎ C　解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中Bruce所说的话“But I’m so happy that you’re still here and that I can finally apologize.”可知，Bruce对能有机会向她们道歉感到很高兴；根据最后一段中Lorraine所说的话“This is a beautiful thing. It’s just wonderful that a person can ask for forgiveness after about 60 years. It’s like a miracle to us. It’s healing to us.”可知，Lorraine认为大约60年前嘲笑过她们的人能请求原谅是一件美好的事情；据此可推知，这次会面让三人都感到宽慰，故C项正确。‎ ‎[长难句分析]　He said he hoped his apology would encourage others to seek forgiveness for the pain they had made on others.(最后一段第四句)‎ 分析：本句是一个主从复合句。句中“he hoped his apology would encourage others to seek forgiveness for the pain they had made on others”为省略了that的宾语从句，作said的宾语；其中“his apology would encourage others to seek forgiveness for the pain they had made on others”为省略了that的宾语从句，作hoped的宾语，该宾语从句中的“they had made on others” 为定语从句，修饰先行词the pain。‎ 译文：他说，他希望他的道歉将鼓励其他人为他们给别人造成的痛苦寻求原谅。‎ B Although the idea of “zero emission, and sustainable(可持续的) development” was promoted worldwide, most cities are at a loss what to do or even some have objected to it. But in Liuzhou, a city in southern China, attitudes could not be more different.‎ The Liuzhou Municipality Urban Planning Bureau has signed up Italian architect Stefano Boeri, the father of the forest city movement, to build a selfcontained community for up to 30，000 people. He is the goto man for such projects thanks to the success of his “vertical forests”， two residential(住宅的) towers. Completed in 2014, they remove up to 17.5 tons of soot(煤烟) from the air each year, and a year later one of them was named Best Tall Building Worldwide.‎ The Liuzhou project is a much more ambitious undertaking, however. Its homes, hospitals, hotels, schools and offices will be built on a 340acre site in what Boeri calls the first attempt to create an “urban environment that is really trying to find a balance with nature”. Its 100 species of plant life are expected to absorb almost 10，000 tons of carbon dioxide and 57 tons of pollutants per year, while at the same time producing 900 tons of lifegiving oxygen.‎ Although the architects haven’t published the cost of the forest city, the Milan towers cost only five percent more than traditional skyscrapers.‎ The construction of his forest city at Liuzhou is set to begin in 2020, and there is still a great deal of planning and research required before a projected completion date can be set. However, Boeri remains optimistic about the project and has confidence in the soundness of his vision：“I really think that bringing forests into the city is a way to deal with global warming.”‎ ‎【解题导语】　为了改善空气质量，中国委托米兰建筑师Stefano Boeri为柳州市建造一座可以容纳3万人的森林城市。‎ ‎5．What’s Liuzhou’s attitude towards the sustainable development?‎ A．Approving. B．Cautious.‎ C．Unfavorable. D．Doubtful.‎ A　解析：观点态度题。根据第一段可知，‎ 多数城市对待可持续发展的观点都是茫然不知所措，甚至有些城市还持反对意见。然而柳州市对待可持续发展的态度完全不同。所以可以看出柳州市对待可持续发展的态度是“支持的”。A.赞成的，支持的；B.小心的，谨慎的；C.不利的，不赞成的；D.怀疑的。故A项符合题意。‎ ‎6．Why is Stefano employed for the Liuzhou project?‎ A．He volunteered to do the project.‎ B．He is a famous architect in the world.‎ C．He is the father of the forest recovery.‎ D．He has gained experience in similar projects.‎ D　解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“He is the goto man for such projects thanks to the success of his ‘vertical forests’， two residential(住宅的) towers.”可知，他设计的“垂直森林”——两栋住宅建筑的成功使得他成为此类项目的不二人选。所以可以推断出柳州项目签约Stefano Boeri的原因是“他已经有类似工程的经验”，故选D。‎ ‎7．What does the underlined word “they” in paragraph 2 refer to?‎ A．The architects. B．The two towers.‎ C．Forests in the city. D．The residents of the city.‎ B　解析：代词指代题。根据画线词所在的句子可知，完工于2014年，它们每年可以去除空气中17.5吨的煤烟。所以可以推断出此处的they指代的是前句中的“两栋住宅楼”。A.建筑师们；B.两栋住宅楼；C.城市里的森林；D.城市居民。故选B。‎ ‎8．What’s the purpose of Liuzhou project?‎ A．To provide more jobs.‎ B．To bring forest into city.‎ C．To solve house shortage.‎ D．To improve the environment.‎ D　解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句可知，Boeri对这个项目充满信心，他认为把森林引入城市中是一种应对全球变暖的方法。所以可以推断出柳州工程的目的是“改善环境”，故选D。‎ ‎[长难句分析]　Although the idea of “zero emission and sustainable(可持续的) development” was promoted worldwide, most cities are at a loss what to do or even some have objected to it.(第一段第一句)‎ 分析：本句是一个主从复合句。句中“Although the idea of ‘zero emission and sustainable(可持续的) development’ was promoted worldwide”为although引导的让步状语从句。‎ 译文：尽管“零排放与可持续发展”的理念在世界范围内得到推广，但大多数城市都处于不知所措的状态，甚至有些城市反对这个理念。‎ C Endless queues and long waits at the ticket inspection desks at China’s major train stations were the signature of the Spring Festival travel rush before 2018. Every year, as the country’s biggest national holiday unfolded, a huge flow of travelers would leave staff at the checkin desks facing a dilemma.‎ But with the installment(安装) of artificial intelligence(AI) in dozens of train stations in 2018, including a facial recognition system which is able to process passenger identification within five seconds and therefore speed up the waiting process, busy scenes started to become something of the past.‎ When a passenger approaches the camera inside the facial recognition system at the station, it scans his face and then quickly compares it with the photograph shown on his identification card in real time. If the information matches, the barrier gates will open and allow the passenger to go through.‎ Such use of facial recognition technology is in line with discussions heard at the recent two sessions meeting, a key annual political event, which focused on the widespread application of a security network named Tianwang(“Sky Net” in English) currently being used by China’s public security department. ‎ The network, according to reports by the People’s Daily, has the potential to recognize the facial features of anyone in the world and match them on the spot with photographs on a database of criminal suspects. In fact, it can analyze photographic identity so quickly that it can scan every single Chinese face on the planet in just one second, and it would only take two seconds to scan every face in the world, with an accuracy rate of up to 99.8 percent.‎ Those are just two examples that highlight the development of Chinese visual AI technology, which industry insiders predict could contribute to powerful growth in the global technology sector this year.‎ ‎【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了可视AI技术在中国的重要应用。‎ ‎9．What’s the author’s purpose in writing the first paragraph?‎ A．To introduce the following topic of the passage.‎ B．To describe the Spring Festival.‎ C．To inform readers of the development of China.‎ D．To explain the dilemma of the staff.‎ A　解析：写作意图题。根据第一段及对全文的整体理解可推知，作者写第一段是为了导入本文主题，即AI技术在现实生活中的应用。‎ ‎10．What’s the solution to the Spring Festival travel rush?‎ A．Using artificial intelligence.‎ B．Opening more barrier gates.‎ C．Limiting the number of passengers.‎ D．Increasing more staff at the checkin desks.‎ A　解析：细节理解题。根据对第二段的整体理解可知，AI技术的应用使中国春节车站人流拥堵的场景开始成为过去，即问题得以解决。‎ ‎11．What can we know about facial recognition technology?‎ A．Its application leads to a heated discussion.‎ B．Its application is useless to policemen.‎ C．Its operating speed is not yet high enough.‎ D．Its accuracy rate is very high.‎ D　解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段最后一句中的“with an accuracy rate of up to 99.8 percent”可知，人脸识别技术的准确率很高，高达99.8%。‎ ‎12．What’s the author’s attitude towards Chinese visual AI technology?‎ A．Depressed.　　　　　　　 B．Positive.‎ C．Doubtful. D．Indifferent.‎ B　解析：观点态度题。根据最后一段和对全文的整体理解可知，中国可视AI技术的应用解决了中国春节车站人流拥堵问题，同时也被应用于公安系统，由此可推知，作者对中国可视AI技术持积极的态度。‎ ‎[长难句分析]　Those are just two examples that highlight the development of Chinese visual AI technology, which industry insiders predict could contribute to powerful growth in the global technology sector this year.(最后一段)‎ 分析：本句是一个主从复合句。that和which 分别引导定语从句，都在从句中作主语。‎ 译文：这仅仅是两个例子，其强调了中国可视人工智能技术的发展；业内人士预测说，这可能有助于今年全球在这方面技术的强有力发展。‎ 推理判断题——写作意图题 ‎(建议用时：25分钟)‎ A ‎(2019·杭州四校联考)I decided to ski to the North Pole. It was after I saw an advertisement in a newspaper looking for people to join a team to ski 350 miles to the North Pole. Back in 1996, there had never been a woman from the UK who had accomplished this challenge. I wondered what it would be like to survive in temperatures cold enough to freeze your flesh in seconds, so I sent off for the application form.‎ The application form full of pictures of male explorers arrived. The words “Are you man enough for the ultimate(极限的) challenge？” made me angry and even more determined to get on the team.‎ Over 500 individuals applied for a place in the team, and the selection process included ‎ physical and psychological tests designed to pick the best group. In one test, there was a huge rope ladder we had to climb, and I froze at the top because I have a fear of heights. I thought my hopes were fading as most other applicants sailed past, leaving me behind. But two others helped me over, and later I found out that the organizers were not looking for amazing individuals, but great team players, and this moment had shown them who would take care of others in the team.‎ I had revealed(显示) my weakness, and in a place like the Arctic, you have to be yourself, as there is nowhere to hide. These personalities of asking for help and showing weakness are necessary for women to master.‎ I realized that by being myself, I could succeed. I was selected for the team. I realized that I could achieve more than I ever imagined—more importantly, by sharing my story with others, I could inspire them to take a step into the new world and reveal more of their abilities.‎ ‎【解题导语】　本文主要讲述了作者申请加入去北极的滑雪队，并成功加入的故事。‎ ‎1．How did the author react on seeing the advertisement?‎ A．She got cross.　　　　　 B．She was determined.‎ C．She got frightened. D．She was uninterested.‎ B　解析：细节理解题。根据对第一段的整体理解，尤其是第一二句“I decided to ski to the North Pole. It was after I saw an advertisement in a newspaper looking for people to join a team to ski 350 miles to the North Pole.”可知，作者看到这则广告后就下定决心要滑雪去北极。‎ ‎2．What did the organizers view as the most important in the selection of new hands?‎ A．Personal quality. B．Individual ability.‎ C．Spirit of teamwork. D．Courage to challenge.‎ C　解析：推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句“But two others helped me over, and later I found out that the organizers were not looking for amazing individuals, but great team players, and this moment had shown them who would take care of others in the team.”可推知，团队组织者挑选新队员时认为最重要的一点就是队员们要有团队合作精神。‎ ‎3．What does the author think of women’s showing weakness?‎ A．Beneficial. B．Shameful.‎ C．Merciful. D．Disturbing.‎ A　解析：推理判断题。根据第四段的内容，尤其是第二句“These personalities of asking for help and showing weakness are necessary for women to master.”可推知，女性展示软弱是有用的。‎ ‎4．What’s the intention of the author in writing this passage?‎ A．To inspire us to prepare for our future goal.‎ B．To advise women how to turn to others.‎ C．To make suggestions to her team members.‎ D．To encourage people to explore the unknown.‎ D　解析：写作意图题。根据最后一段最后一句“I realized that I could achieve more than I ever imagined—more importantly, by sharing my story with others, I could inspire them to take a step into the new world and reveal more of their abilities.”可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是鼓励人们去探索未知的世界。‎ ‎[长难句分析]　I wondered what it would be like to survive in temperatures cold enough to freeze your flesh in seconds, so I sent off for the application form.(第一段最后一句)‎ 分析：本句是一个主从复合句。句中“what it would be like...in seconds”为what 引导的宾语从句，作wondered的宾语，其中cold enough...in seconds作temperatures的定语；本句中又包含了一个so引导的结果状语从句。‎ 译文：我想知道在几秒钟就能冷得把人的肉体冻住的温度下如何生存，所以我写信索要申请表。‎ B Public libraries are an excellent resource for research, literacy(读写能力) education, and readingcentered events. Most towns have one or share library services with other towns through a mobile library, and the use of a public library is free to people who are willing to apply for a library card.‎ There are several primary sources of library funding(资金), starting with national funds which are distributed to states or provinces. These regions send the funds on to public libraries. Local governments also play an important role in providing funding for libraries, and most librarians apply for grants(拨款). Finally, private donations help to maintain libraries—most libraries have an association of Friends of the Library which organizes fundraising sales and pays annual dues to help maintain the library.‎ Grants and private donations can also be used to provide a large amount of funding for public libraries, and some large libraries maintain a separate staff member to increase the amount of funding that they can obtain through these sources. Grants include technology grants which allow libraries to install and upgrade computer systems, grants which focus on a particular topic such as science, fiction, children’s books, or local history, and education grants which support locallybased community efforts such as afterschool reading programs. Many private donors are pleased to support their local public libraries by donating funds or including some library in their wills, and libraries reward their donors with treats like afterhours visits or privileged access to special collections.‎ By combining multiple resources, creative librarians can keep their libraries useful, informative, and fun for browsers. When it comes to supporting public libraries, every little bit counts: if you cannot afford to donate to a local library, think about volunteering time to help shelve books, lead afterschool programs, or organize fundraisers. Being active with your public library is a very important way to contribute to your local community.‎ ‎【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了图书馆资金的几个主要来源。 ‎ ‎5．How many main sources of library funding are mentioned?‎ A．Two.　　　　　　　 B．Three.‎ C．Four. D．Five.‎ B　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段可知，图书馆资金来源主要有三个：国家资金；当地政府的拨款；私人捐款。‎ ‎6．How is the funding made use of according to the text?‎ A．By exploring more about history.‎ B．By developing a scientific computer system.‎ C．By holding afterschool activities for students.‎ D．By enriching special collections for the donors.‎ C　解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“education grants which support locallybased community efforts such as afterschool reading programs”可知，有些资金用于为学生举办一些课外活动。‎ ‎7．What does the underlined word “browsers” refer to in the last paragraph?‎ A．Viewers in the library.‎ B．Programs used to view documents.‎ C．People running the library.‎ D．Donors visiting the library regularly.‎ A　解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句“By combining multiple resources, creative librarians can keep their libraries useful, informative, and fun for browsers．”可知，通过组合多种资源，有创造力的图书馆馆长可以使他们的图书馆有用、信息丰富并且对于browsers来说有趣。故可推知browsers应是去图书馆的人。故答案为A。‎ ‎8．What is the purpose of the text?‎ A．To stress the value of public libraries.‎ B．To appeal for donation to local libraries.‎ C．To introduce sources of public library funding.‎ D．To show the procedure of funding libraries.‎ C　解析：写作意图题。本文主要介绍了图书馆资金的几个主要来源，故答案为C。‎ ‎[长难句分析]　Grants include technology grants which allow libraries to install and upgrade computer systems, grants which focus on a particular topic such as science, fiction, children’s books, or local history, and education grants which support locallybased community efforts such as afterschool reading programs.(第三段第二句)‎ 分析：本句是一个主从复合句。句子主干是Grants include technology grants, grants and ‎ education grants，句中有三个which引导的定语从句。‎ 译文：拨款包括让图书馆安装和更新电脑系统的技术拨款，关注某个特定话题，如科学、小说、儿童图书或当地历史的拨款和支持当地社区活动如课外读书项目的教育拨款。‎ C At 9：30 a．m. on a Wednesday morning, I received a notification(通知) that I’d already picked up my phone 30 times that day! “11 left until you go over your goal of 41 pickups，” my screen read. “Put your phone down until 9：52 a．m.! Enjoy your time living in the moment.”‎ These updates were sent via Moment, an app that tracks the screen time, created by Kevin Holesh in 2014 to fight his own device addiction. He was working as an independent app developer, spending hours each day staring at screens. After work, Holesh found that he was looking mindlessly online instead of talking to his wife or taking his dogs for a walk.‎ ‎“I wanted a way of seeing how much time I was sinking into my phone，” he said. “So I came up with something that could monitor my screen time.” Holesh found that he was spending 75 minutes on his phone a day. He added a function to the app that informed him whenever his screen time was more than 40 minutes. “My phone would make a sound like a bee, and I’d go and do something else. It was like something pushing me in the right direction，” he said. Holesh figured that if the system worked for him, it would work for others, and later that year he made Moment a free app. To date, it has been downloaded 8 million times.‎ Besides, Moment also has a “coach” function, offering guided programs to help users focus and be more productive, for $7.99 a month.‎ ‎“I am so much happier, I sleep better, I read more, I take better care of myself, and most of all I am present in my daytoday life，” Jack, a user said. Similar comments on Moment reflect a growing consciousness around “digital wellness”， the name given to lifestyle practices that encourage healthy device use.‎ ‎【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了一种名为“Moment”的手机软件，该软件可以对超时使用手机的人发出提醒，让人们合理使用设备。本文主要介绍了这款软件的发明过程和功能，以及用户对它的评价。‎ ‎9．What does the inspiration of Moment come from?‎ A．The creator’s own experience.‎ B．The sound made by honey bees.‎ C．Complaints from family members.‎ D．The widespread digital addiction.‎ A　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“These updates were sent via Moment, an app that tracks the screen time, created by Kevin Holesh in 2014 to fight his own device addiction.”，并结合该段其他内容和第三段可知，该软件的发明源于Kevin Holesh自己的经历，故A项正确。‎ ‎10．What does Moment do at the expected screen time?‎ A．Monitor the screen and keep a record.‎ B．Make a noise to remind the user.‎ C．Turn off the phone immediately.‎ D．Force the user to take a rest.‎ B　解析：细解理解题。根据第三段中的“He added a function to the app that informed him whenever his screen time was more than 40 minutes.”“My phone would make a sound like a bee, and I’d go and do something else.”可知，如果超时使用手机，则这款软件会使手机发出声音来提醒使用者，故B项正确。‎ ‎11．What does the author intend to do in paragraph 4?‎ A．Persuade readers to buy the app.‎ B．Provide readers with some advice.‎ C．Recommend a coach to the readers.‎ D．Introduce more information of the app.‎ D　解析：写作意图题。根据第四段的内容可知，该软件还具有“教练”功能，提供一些指导方案，让用户注意力集中，更有效率，并结合上文介绍的该软件的超时使用手机的提醒功能可推知，在第四段作者旨在介绍该软件的更多信息，故D项正确。‎ ‎12．In which part of a website will you find this text?‎ A．Fashion and Business.‎ B．Sports and Entertainment.‎ C．Health and Lifestyle.‎ D．Art and Design.‎ C　解析：文章出处题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了一款名为“Moment”的手机软件，该软件可以对超时使用手机的人发出提醒，让人们合理使用设备，拥有更有益于健康的生活方式。据此可推知，本文最有可能摘自“健康和生活方式”版块，故C项正确。‎ ‎[长难句分析]　These updates were sent via Moment, an app that tracks the screen time, created by Kevin Holesh in 2014 to fight his own device addiction.(第二段第一句)‎ 分析：本句是一个主从复合句。句中“an app that tracks the screen time”作Moment的同位语，其中又包含了that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词“an app”；“created...addiction”作Moment的后置定语，其中又包含了一个动词不定式作目的状语。‎ 译文：这些最新消息经由Moment发送，它是一款跟踪屏幕时间的软件，由Kevin Holesh在2014年开发来抵抗他自己对设备的入迷。‎ 推理判断题——文章出处或读者对象题 ‎(建议用时：25分钟)‎ A ‎(2019·宁波重点中学教学质量评估)‎ Long Island Events Crafternoon Saturday, March 30, ‎ ‎1：00 PM－3：00 PM Emma Clark Library, 120‎ Main Street Setauket, NY 11733‎ The March “Crafternoon” ‎ at Emma Clark Library is a hatching bird popup craft.‎ Stop by Saturday, March ‎30 anytime between 1：00‎ PM－3：00 PM for this free craft! No registration. Welcome all kids. If you have any question, please ‎ email kids@emmaclark.‎ org.‎ Rolling River Day Camp Family Day Saturday, April 13‎ ‎12：00 PM－2：00 PM ‎477 Ocean Avenue ‎ East Rockaway, Oceanside，‎ NY 11518‎ Now is the time to learn more about Camp 2019 Prospective Family Day! Bring your family to Rolling River Day Camp’s Family Day—a unique opportunity for children to get a taste of camp while parents attend an interactive information session. All families who sign up for Camp 2019 that day will receive a free gift. You must preregister to attend.‎ The Flower & Garden Show March 7－24, 8：00 AM－6：00 PM ‎ Hicks Nurseries Westbury, NY 11590‎ Head to Hicks Nurseries in Westbury if your kids want to know of the hottest trends, ideas and products for spring gardening. The Spring Flower & Garden Show, 8：00 AM to 6：00 PM daily, beginning on March 7 and running through March 24, offers a variety of free workshops, ‎ seminars and activities ‎ intended for kids ‎ interested in gardening. ADMISSION ‎ Free.‎ Super Bowl “Saturday”Saturday, February 2，‎ ‎2：00 PM－4：00 PM Emma Clark Library, 120 Main Street Setauket, NY 11733‎ Kick off the Super Bowl weekend with footballthemed festivities on Saturday, February 2.Simply drop into the Children’s Department at Emma Clark Library between the hours of 2：00 PM－4：00 PM. Play games and enter for a chance to win a special prize. The Library staff encourages visitors to wear a shirt with their favorite football team. Be sure to catch the fun! There is no registration, and families with kids of all ages are welcome.‎ ‎【解题导语】　本文是一篇应用文，介绍了长岛的一些亲子活动项目，活动的时间、地点和活动内容均已附上。‎ ‎1．What is required to attend Rolling River Day Camp Family Day?‎ A．To give away a gift.‎ B．To register in advance.‎ C．To sign up for a training session.‎ D．To have a good knowledge of camp.‎ B　解析：细节理解题。根据第二则广告中提及的“You must preregister to attend.”可知，如果想参加该活动，要提前报名。‎ ‎2．For those fond of growing plants, when can they choose to join in an event?‎ A．March 30.　　　　　　　 B．April 13.‎ C．March 17. D．February 2.‎ C　解析：细节理解题。根据题干中的关键信息“fond of growing plants”可以把解题线索定位在第三则广告中，根据该广告提及的活动时间“8：00 AM to 6：00 PM daily, beginning on March 7 and running through March 24”可知，3月7日至3月24日期间，植物爱好者每天都可以参加这项活动。结合所给的四个选项可知选C项。‎ ‎3．Who might be interested in this text?‎ A．Students on holidays.‎ B．People of all ages.‎ C．Outdoor sports lovers.‎ D．Families with children.‎ D　解析：推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文中所有的活动都是针对孩子和家长设计的。因此，对本文感兴趣的对象应是有孩子的家庭。故选D项。‎ B With its snowcovered mountains and a variety of wildlife, Yellowstone National Park is one of the scenic treasures of the United States. Located primarily in Wyoming, the park hosts millions of visitors every year. If you plan to travel within the park, keep in mind the advice from the National Park Service.‎ Seasonal Travel Travel varies vastly from season to season. Roads are generally open in the summer except for cases of rock or mud slides, wild fires, accidents or road construction. Early snows in the fall can cause some roads to close temporarily. In the winter almost all roads are closed to motor vehicles, but snowmobiles and other snow vehicles with tracks are allowed. Roads begin to open in the spring by the latter part of April but may close if snowfall continues.‎ Driving Time Grand Loop Road is the main road through Yellowstone National Park, and it passes by most of the major attractions. These include Old Faithful, Yellowstone Lake and the Grand Canyon of Yellowstone. The maximum speed limit on the Grand Loop is 45 miles per hour, but the speed limit ‎ drops during some of the winding and twisty sections of this narrow road. Allow yourself at least two days to fully travel the loop due to the size of the park and occasionally heavy traffic.‎ Safety Awareness Buffaloes often block the roads in the park as they migrate through the fields. If a herd is traveling across the road you are on, you can either wait for them to pass or find an alternative route. If you get out of your vehicle, you should stay at least 25 yards from any buffalo (and 100 yards or more away from bears and wolves). Buffaloes are particularly unpredictable and charge people at speeds up to 30 mph.‎ You can take your bicycle on any public roads and routes designed for bikes, but bicycles are not allowed on the park roads which are narrow with few shoulders. Elevations range from 5，300 to 8，860 feet. The National Park Service recommends that cyclists wear helmets and noticeable clothing.‎ ‎【解题导语】　本文介绍了美国黄石国家公园的服务中心为参观者提供的几条建议。‎ ‎4．What is TRUE about traveling in the Yellowstone Park?‎ A．Roads will stay open in spite of emergency.‎ B．Traffic jam is actually a rare thing.‎ C．The driving speed on the road can be 50 mph.‎ D．Motor vehicles are allowed in the winter.‎ B　解析：细节理解题。根据Seasonal Travel 部分中的第二句可知，发生岩崩或泥石流、森林火灾、事故或道路建设时，道路不开放。故A项(尽管有紧急情况，道路也会开放)是错误的。根据Driving Time部分中的第三句可知，主路限速45英里/小时，在窄路的弯道处限速更低，故C项错误。根据Seasonal Travel部分中的第四句可知，冬天几乎所有道路都不对摩托车开放，故D项错误。根据Driving Time部分最后一句中的“occasionally heavy traffic”可知，黄石公园很少有堵车情况。故选B项。‎ ‎5．What safety advice does the National Park Service offer?‎ A．Under no circumstances could you get out of the car.‎ B．Keep going forward when coming across buffaloes.‎ C．Do wear easytosee clothes while bicycling.‎ D．Bicycling is forbidden on the public roads.‎ C　解析：细节理解题。根据关键词safety可定位到文中Safety Awareness部分；再根据该部分最后一段的最后一句可知，服务中心建议骑手戴安全帽、穿显眼的衣服。故选C项。‎ ‎6．Where can you probably find this article?‎ A．In a guidebook.‎ B．In a geography textbook.‎ C．In a research paper.‎ D．In a commercial advertisement.‎ A　解析：文章出处题。根据第一段最后一句可知，本文介绍了黄石国家公园服务中心为游客提供的几条建议，故可推知，本文应摘自旅游指南手册。故选A项。‎ C The Arctic Circle—the habitat of polar bears and decreasing sea ice at the top of the world—hit 32 degrees Celsius last week.‎ This was the temperature in Banak, Norway on July 30, though some Norwegian areas even reached a couple degrees warmer, according to the European Severe Weather Database. Banak sits atop northern Europe, over 350 miles above the bottom edge of the Arctic Circle.‎ The Northern Hemisphere and Europe itself have been repeatedly scorched by both record and nearrecord temperatures this summer as a consequence of overall rising global temperatures.‎ In the past 40 years, Earth’s climate has experienced an accelerated warming trend, which adds an extra level of background warming to hot spells—making heatwaves more extreme, climate scientists have said.‎ A photo of what appears to be Scandinavian folks taking a dip in a river while reindeer—the coldadapted herbivores(食草动物)—cooled off in the water beside them is perhaps the best example of just how hot it is in parts of the Arctic Circle right now.‎ The “warm season” in Banak is short, lasting around three months, but the very warmest day of the year, around July 23, is usually around 62 degrees Fahrenheit(华氏度)—about 30 degrees cooler than temperatures there now. Overall, temperatures in northern Europe are between 14 to 21 degrees Fahrenheit, －10 to －6 degrees Celsius above average.‎ Alltime temperature records were set in both Norway and Finland on July 30, including 86 degrees Fahrenheit, 30 degrees Celsius, in Cape Verde, near Banak, though extreme or nearrecord temperatures blanketed the region.‎ Persistent heat and dryness this summer have transformed normally green European countries into brown and yellow lands, and the continent’s extreme heat is expected to persist.‎ Andrew Derocher, a professor at the University of Alberta who studies polar bears, said climate change is shrinking the ice bears usually hunt on, making them faced with the danger of extinction.‎ ‎【解题导语】　由于全球变暖的速度不断加快，作为北极熊栖息地的北极圈现在也面临着温度升高的状况。这样的环境变化对于北极熊的生存有很大威胁。‎ ‎7．Which of the following words can replace the underlined word “scorched” in paragraph 3?‎ A．Burned. B．Achieved.‎ C．Scored. D．Reached.‎ A　解析：词义猜测题。根据第三段“The Northern Hemisphere and Europe itself have been repeatedly scorched by both record and nearrecord temperatures...”可知，今年夏天，‎ 由于全球气温总体上升，北半球和欧洲自身不断受到创纪录和接近创纪录气温的炙烤。因此，画线词的意思是“烧伤；烧焦”。故选A项。‎ ‎8．What does the photo show according to the author?‎ A．Scandinavian folks like to swim in a river.‎ B．Reindeer have adapted to the cold climate.‎ C．The ice there has totally been melted into water.‎ D．The temperature of the Arctic Circle now is high.‎ D　解析：细节理解题。根据第五段“A photo of what appears to be Scandinavian folks taking a dip in a river...is in parts of the Arctic Circle right now.”可知，喜冷的食草动物在水里凉快，证明了北极圈开始变热。因此，这张照片表明现在北极圈的温度很高。故选D项。‎ ‎9．What can you learn from Professor Derocher’s words?‎ A．Maybe bears will die out in the near future.‎ B．Climate change is threatening polar bears.‎ C．He is worried about the shrinking of the sea ice.‎ D．He advises people to do something to improve the condition.‎ B　解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段“Andrew Derocher...said climate change is shrinking the ice bears usually hunt on, making them faced with the danger of extinction.”可知，气候变暖使得北极熊赖以生存的冰面减少，致使北极熊面临灭绝的危险。因此，从德罗彻教授的话中可以得知气候变化正威胁着北极熊(的生命安全)。故选B项。‎ ‎10．Where may you find this article?‎ A．In a fashion magazine.‎ B．In a news report.‎ C．In a geography textbook.‎ D．In a travel handbook.‎ B　解析：文章出处题。根据第一段“The Arctic Circle—the habitat of polar bears and decreasing sea ice at the top of the world—hit 32 degrees Celsius last week.”可知，这篇文章是报道上周北极圈温度达到32摄氏度的新闻。因此，本文不可能出现在时尚杂志、地理教科书或旅游手册中，它最有可能出现在新闻报道中。故选B项。‎