【英语】2018届二轮复习状语从句核心考点练与析学案（8页word版） 9页

‎　2018届二轮复习 状语从句核心考点练与析 ‎1．Over time， the population grew，people began cutting food into small pieces so it would cook more quickly.(2016·全国Ⅲ)‎ 答案　as/when 解析　as/when当……时，随着……。‎ ‎2．The mother(panda)held the baby in her front paws much the way a human does. it cried，she rocked it back and forth and gave it little comforting pats.(2016·四川)‎ 答案　When/If 解析　根据语境可知，when(当……时)和if(如果)用在此处都合适。句意为：当它哭的时候/如果它哭了，熊猫妈妈会来回摇晃它，轻轻拍打，给它安慰。‎ ‎3．One day，the cow was eating grass it began to rain heavily.(2015·广东)‎ 答案　when 解析　be doing sth.when...正在做某事这时……。when意思是“正在这时”。‎ ‎4．Unbelievable! Oh...， you don’t mind，I’ll stop and take a deep breath.(2014·辽宁)‎ 答案　if 解析　句意为：……如果你不介意，我要停下来做一下深呼吸。根据句意可知，应填if引导条件状语从句。‎ Ⅱ.短文改错考点聚焦(每小题1处错误)‎ 考向1　并列句中并列连词的错用或缺失 ‎1．Every day he makes sure that fresh vegetables high quality oil are used for ‎ cooking.(2016·全国Ⅰ)‎ 解析　考查并列连词的用法。根据句意可知，二者之间为并列关系而非选择关系。‎ ‎2．We can choose between staying at home and taking a trip.If we stay at home，it is comfortable there is no need to spend money.(2016·全国Ⅱ)‎ 解析　考查连词的用法。如果呆在家里，感觉舒适，还不花钱。根据句意可知，此处应是并列关系，而不是转折关系。‎ ‎3．Mom has a fulltime job， she has to do most of the housework.(2016·四川)‎ 解析　行文逻辑错误。has a fulltime job与has to do most of the housework之间是转折关系，故将so改为but。‎ ‎4．He had a deep voice，which set him apart from others in our small town， he was strong and powerful.(2013·新课标全国Ⅰ)‎ 解析　句中which引导的是定语从句，修饰主句He had a deep voice，而主句与从句后的分句he was strong and powerful之间缺少连词，根据他们的并列关系，确定第二个he前加and。‎ 考向2　状语从句中连词的错用 ‎1．My only mistake was that I dropped some on the floor I was packing them up.(2015·陕西)‎ 解析　句意为：我所犯的唯一的错误就是当我包装饼干的时候，掉在了地上一些。when/while当……的时候，after在……之后。根据句意应将after改为when/while。‎ ‎2. I was only a child when I studied in that classroom，I will never forget it.(2015·浙江)‎ 解析　‎ 考查状语从句的引导词。句意为：尽管在那个教室学习时我仅仅是一个孩子，但我永远忘不了它。根据句意，应将if改为although或though。‎ ‎3．And it is wise to have as many good friends we can.(2014·大纲全国)‎ 解析　as many...as we can为固定句式，as引导比较状语从句。‎ ‎4. waiting for about half an hour，I was beginning to get impatient.(2013·陕西)‎ 解析　句意为：等候了大约半个小时后，我开始不耐烦了。故应把Before改为After。‎ 考向3　状语从句中连词的重复、缺失与其他 ‎1．At last，I will be on my own，but I still want to have my parents to turn to whenever need help.(2016·全国Ⅲ)‎ 解析　whenever引导状语从句，从句缺少主语I。‎ ‎2．Although we allow tomato plants to grow in the same place year after year，或but we have never had any disease or insect attack problems.(2014·新课标全国Ⅰ)‎ 解析　在让步状语从句中，although不可以与but连用，但可以与yet连用。‎ ‎3．In fact，he even scared my classmates away they came over to play or do homework with me.(2013·新课标全国Ⅰ)‎ 解析　句中during为介词，不可以连接两个并列的句子，根据逻辑关系，后一个分句应为when引导的时间状语从句。故during应改为when。‎ 从属连词与状语从句 一、时间状语从句 ‎1．before引导的从句中不用否定式谓语。常用如下句型：‎ It will be long before...(得过好久才……)‎ It will not be long before...(过不了多久就……)‎ It was long before...(过了好久才……)‎ It was not long before...(过了不久就……)‎ ‎2．since后面所用动词不同，该动词所表示动作持续时间的计算方法也不同。‎ It is two years since he joined the army.‎ 他参军两年了。‎ It is two years since he smoked.他戒烟两年了。‎ ‎3．as，when，while用法一览表。‎ 类别 作用 例句 as as表示“当……的时候”，往往和when/while通用，但它着重强调主句与从句的动作或事情同时或几乎同时发生。‎ She came up as I was cooking.(同时) ‎ The runners started as the gun went off.(几乎同时)‎ when ‎(at or during the time that )既可以表示在某一点的时候，又可表示在某一段时间内，主句与从句的动作或事情可以同时发生也可以先后发生。‎ It was raining when we arrived.(指时间点) ‎ When we were at school，we went to the library every day.(在一段时间内)‎ while while意思是“当……的时候”或“在某一段时间里”‎ Please don’t talk so loud while others are working.‎ ‎ He fell asleep while/when reading. ‎ ‎。主句中的动作或事情在从句中的动作或事情的进展过程中发生，从句中的动词一般要用延续性动词。在when表示a period of time时，两者可以互换。‎ Strike while the iron is hot.(不可用as或when，这里的while意思是“趁……”)‎ ‎4.引导时间状语从句的连接词除上述外还有：‎ ‎(1)till，not...until...，until Don’t get off the bus until it has stopped.‎ He waited for his father until/till it was twelve o’clock.‎ ‎(2)hardly/scarcely...when，no sooner...than表示“刚……就”‎ We had hardly got/Hardly had we got into the country when it began to rain.‎ No sooner had he arrived/He had no sooner arrived than she started complaining.‎ ‎(3)directly，immediately，the moment，the minute，the instant，as soon as，意为“一……就”‎ He made for the door directly he heard the knock.‎ The moment he saw his mother，he burst into tears.‎ ‎(4)each time，every time Each time he came to my city，he would call on me.‎ 二、让步状语从句 ‎1．although与though可以引导让步状语从句，不能与but连用，但可以与yet连用。‎ Although/Though they are poor，(yet) they are warmhearted.‎ ‎2．even if或even though引导让步状语从句，表示“即使”、“纵然”‎ ‎，用来使人注意下文所强调内容的性质。‎ I’ll get there even if/though I have to sell my house to get enough money to go by air.‎ ‎3．no matter后接who，what，where，how等疑问词引导让步状语从句，也可以在这类疑问词后面加上ever构成whoever，whatever，wherever，however等。但在引导名词性从句时，只能用“疑问词＋ever”类词。‎ Don’t trust him，no matter what/whatever he says.‎ I will eat whatever you give me.‎ No matter how/however hard the work is，you’d better try to do it well.‎ ‎4．as也可以引导让步状语从句，需将从句中的表语、状语以及谓语中的实义动词提前至从句句首，引起倒装；作表语的单数可数名词前如有冠词，冠词需省去。though引导的从句也可以倒装，但although引导的不可以。‎ Child as/though he is，he knows a lot.‎ Much as I like it，I won’t buy.‎ Try as he would，he couldn’t lift the heavy box.‎ ‎5．while也可以引导让步状语从句，表示“尽管”，比though/although语气弱。while引导的让步状语从句一般要位于句首。‎ 三、原因状语从句：because，as，since，now that ‎1．表示不知道的原因时用because，即说话人认为听话人不知道，因此because从句是全句最重要的部分，通常它被置于主句之后。‎ You want to know why I’m leaving？I’m leaving because I’m fed up with the boss.‎ ‎2．表示已经知道的原因时用as或since，即某种原因在说话人看来已经很明显，或已为听话人所熟悉，因此它是句中不很重要的部分。since要比as正式一些，它们通常被置于主句之前，但有时却相反。‎ Seeing all of the children already seated，he said，“Since everyone is here，let’s start.”‎ ‎3．下列情况下只能使用because：‎ ‎(1)在回答why的问句时；‎ ‎(2)在用于强调句型时；‎ ‎(3)被not所否定时。‎ 四、地点状语从句：where，wherever等 Make a mark wherever you have any questions.‎ We will go where the Party directs us.‎ 五、目的状语从句：that，so that，in order that 注意：目的状语从句中的谓语动词常与情态动词连用，否则可能是结果状语从句，不可置于句首。‎ He got up early so that he could catch the early train.‎ 六、结果状语从句：that，so that，so...that...，such...that...‎ 注意：so＋形容词/副词＋that从句；such＋名词＋that从句。‎ She is so good that we all like her.‎ He is such a good teacher that we all respect him.‎ 七、方式状语从句：as，as if/though I’ll do as I am told to.‎ It looks as if it is going to rain.‎ 八、条件状语从句：if，unless，so/as long as，in case，once，on condition that等 You can use my bike as long as you return it on time.‎ 九、比较状语从句：than；(not)as/so...as...；not the same as; the＋比较级，the＋比较级 He works as hard as others.‎ We treat boys exactly the same as girls.‎ The sun is much bigger than the earth.‎ The more you eat，the fatter you will be.‎ Ⅲ.语法填空(连词专练)‎ My mother was cooking in the kitchen 1.while I was doing my school assignments.No sooner had I finished my homework 2.than the door bell rang.However，my sister unlocked the door 3.before I could open it.We were surprised the moment we saw her 4.because her clothes and face were terribly dirty.She looked much poorer 5.than we expected.6.Since we didn’t know what had happened to her，we stood there and waited for my sister’s story.We wouldn’t leave 7.unless my sister told us all about it.8.After my sister got changed，she told us that she fell into a ditch 9.when she walked on a path on her way to my uncle’s home in the countryside.She couldn’t get out of the ditch.10.Although/Though she cried for help loudly，no one could hear her.She tried to climb out of it，but 11.however hard she tried，she failed to escape from it.12.As time went by，she got worried.‎ After several vain attempts she had to stand 13.where she was and waited 14.until a boy student passed by and gave her a hand.The boy reached her a long rope and told her to climb with the rope.She did 15.as the boy told，so that she came out.‎ 对于状语从句，在实际运用中主要存在以下问题：‎ ‎1．从句意识缺乏 The Expo is very attractive.We are all eager to pay a visit to it.‎ The Expo is so attractive that we are all eager to pay a visit to it.‎ 通过比较不难发现，后句比前句更加紧凑且逻辑性强，增强了交际效果。‎ ‎2．状语从句成分残缺 ‎(误)Please close the doors and windows before leave the classroom.‎ ‎(正)Please close the doors and windows before you leave the classroom.‎ 由于受汉语的干扰，第一句中状语从句中漏掉了主语。‎ ‎3．连接词误用 ‎(误)Teachers and parents should respect us no matter we are in or outside school.‎ ‎(正)Teachers and parents should respect us whether we are in or outside school.‎ 两句尽管从汉语角度来看意思相同，但是从语法角度no matter一般后跟特殊疑问词，而whether可直接引导状语从句。‎ ‎(误)Though he is considered a great writer，but his works are not widely read.‎ ‎(正)Though he is considered a great writer，his works are not widely read.‎ 在让步状语从句中，though和although不能与but连用。‎