2019版一轮复习英语译林版必修五Unit3Scienceandnature单元学案训练二（8页） 8页

‎2019版一轮复习英语译林版必修五 Unit 3Science and nature单元学案训练二 单元检测B——阅读理解提速练 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A Patients in the early stages of Alzheimer's disease often struggle to remember recently learned information, meaning they forget things like important appointments or where they left their keys. But it seems that these memories are not lost. They are still filed away in the brain somewhere; they just can't be easily accessed.‎ Now, researchers at MIT have developed a means of getting back memories in mice suffering from Alzheimer's. The method relies on a technique that uses light to control genetically modified neurons (转基因神经元). Currently it is too early to be used in human trials as it involves inserting light emitting (发光) equipment into the subjects' brains, but the same principles still apply, the researchers said.‎ ‎“The important point is that this is evidence of concept. That is, even if a memory seems to be gone, it is still there. It's a matter of how to get it back，” said senior researcher Susumu Tonegawa.‎ The team took two groups of mice, one genetically engineered to develop Alzheimer's and one healthy. They then placed them into a room and gave them a mild electric shock. All of the mice showed fear when put back in an hour later. When placed in the room a third time several days later, the Alzheimer's mice acted normally. They had forgotten the shock.‎ The researchers were then able to bring back the memory of the shock by activating (激活) the cells in which the memories were stored. Even when the mice were put into an unfamiliar room, they showed fear when the cells associated with the shock were activated.‎ ‎“Shortterm memory seems to be normal, on the order of hours. But for longterm memory, these early Alzheimer's mice seem to be damaged，” said lead researcher Dheeraj Roy. “Directly activating the cells that we believe are holding the memory helps them get it back. This suggests that it is indeed an access problem to the information, not that they're unable to learn or store this memory.”‎ 语篇解读：通过对老鼠的实验研究，研究者发现在患有阿尔茨海默症的老鼠身上，能够通过激活储存记忆的细胞，使老鼠重得记忆。‎ ‎1．What can we learn about the researchers at MIT?‎ A．They are the pioneers of brain research.‎ B．They have used the method in human trials.‎ C．They can cure Alzheimer's using the new method.‎ D．They can get back memories in mice with Alzheimer's.‎ 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“Now, researchers at MIT have developed a means of getting back memories in mice suffering from Alzheimer's.”可知，麻省理工学院的研究者已研发出一种使患有阿尔茨海默症的老鼠恢复记忆的方法。故选D项。‎ ‎2．Why did the Alzheimer's mice behave normally a third time?‎ A．They failed to remember the electric shock.‎ B．They were accustomed to the situation.‎ C．They managed to overcome the fear.‎ D．They activated the association automatically.‎ 解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第四段最后两句可知，患有阿尔茨海默症的老鼠的行为正常，是因为它们已经忘了电击的痛苦。故选A项。‎ ‎3．For longterm memory, the early Alzheimer's mice ________.‎ A．can transform their brain cells B．can't learn new tricks well C．can easily get back their memory D．can't access the information stored 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“But for longterm memory ...seem to be damaged”和“it is indeed an access problem to the information”可知，处在阿尔茨海默症早期的老鼠对于长期记忆不能获取储存的信息。故选D项。‎ ‎4．The main purpose of the text is to ________.‎ A．introduce a method of a research B．report the latest discovery about a disease C．give advice on how to improve memory D．explain how the brain stores information 解析：选B　写作目的题。本文主要介绍了麻省理工学院的研究者们对阿尔茨海默症的新研究，因此，本文的写作目的是介绍阿尔茨海默症的最新研究。故选B项。‎ B ‎(2018·湖南省重点中学联考)Professional courses, such as Masters of International Business or MIB, have been taken by many students in the last two decades.They are choosing newage nonconventional courses that guarantee a better future.MIB is a ‎ specialized course that teaches the international business.There are valid reasons for so much popularity of the MIB course.‎ The course content and teaching methods of MIB are quite different from a normal MBA or Master of Business Administration.It has been designed with the sole objective of developing professionals with an indepth understanding and knowledge of the international trade.The course offers various advantages over the conventional MBA degree course.‎ The massive increase in the international business and foreign trade gives excellent job prospects (背景) to the new generation.Acquiring a degree of MIB offers outstanding growth of job opportunities. Those who want to pursue in the field of marketing also have a good future after completing the degree from a reputed MIB college.Big multinational organizations look for talented people who can handle the job profile of International Marketing Manage, and people with MIB degrees are preferred.The profile needs an indepth understanding of overseas markets because it is the strategic post from the perspective of company's international business growth.‎ Since business finance and economics are covered at_length in the curriculum of MIB, students have great job offers in the field of finance as well.Typically, organizations offer the profile of international finance controllers to those who complete MIB with the specialization of finance.The specialization covers aspects of international taxes, accounts, budgeting and so on.People in this field are wellpaid, and growth prospects are unlimited.After completing degree courses from a reputed MIB college, there is a good scope in the banking and finance sector as well.International banks appoint ‎ people who have an excellent grasp over the international banking policies, currency exchange, and international policies.Thus, MIB is the golden key to success with brilliant job opportunities in national and multinational sectors.‎ 语篇解读：本文介绍了近二十年里逐步流行并受学生青睐的MIB课程，即国际商务硕士课程。该课程与常规的MBA大有不同，它具有多种优势，包括可以增强学生的就业竞争力。‎ ‎5．How is the second paragraph mainly developed?‎ A．By analyzing causes.‎ B．By listing figures.‎ C．By making comparisons.‎ D．By proving definition.‎ 解析：选C　写作手法题。根据第二段首句“The course content and teaching methods of MIB are quite different from a normal MBA or Master of Business Administration.”可知，MIB与常规的MBA大有不同，由此可知，该段采用了作比较的说明方法。故选C项。‎ ‎6．Why do more and more people intend to acquire a degree of MIB?‎ A．It is a compulsory course in the colleges.‎ B．It sounds more special than other courses.‎ C．It offers them opportunities to do small businesses.‎ D．It helps them get good jobs in some organizations.‎ 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“Acquiring a degree of MIB offers outstanding growth of job opportunities.”以及第四句“Big multinational organizations look for talented people who can ‎ handle ... and people with MIB degrees are preferred.”可知，获取MIB学位有助于人们在一些组织、机构中争取到好的职位。故选D项。‎ ‎7．What can be inferred from the last paragraph?‎ A．The international finance controller is a highquality job.‎ B．MIB holders are more promising in all careers than others.‎ C．International banks merely employ MIB college graduates.‎ D．People get higher salary in business field than in finance field.‎ 解析：选A　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Typically, organizations offer the profile of international finance controllers to those who complete MIB with the specialization of finance ... People in this field are wellpaid, and growth prospects are unlimited.”可推断，国际财务总监是一个高级职位。故选A项。‎ ‎8．What does the underlined phrase “at length” in Paragraph 4 mean?‎ A．At last.　　　　　　　 B．On average.‎ C．In detail. D．By chance.‎ 解析：选C　词义猜测题。根据最后一段首句中的“students have great job offers in the field of finance as well”可知，学生们在金融领域也能找到很好的工作。由此可判断金融学和经济学在MIB大纲中已有详尽的诠释。at last意为“终于”；on average意为“平均”；in detail意为“详尽地”；by chance意为“偶然”。故选C项。‎ Ⅱ.阅读七选五 ‎__1__ Moving from high school into college can be especially difficult because of the freedom students experience in college along ‎ with a new set of expectations.‎ In high school, students usually live at home, and their parents take care of all their physical needs such as food and housing. __2__ Parents are also there to offer help and make sure that the students' homework is done. During the school day, students rarely have free time. They go directly from one class to another. Teachers are always around to tell the students what to do. __3__ So students can often complete their homework and reading in a short time.‎ ‎__4__ They may be responsible for shopping, paying bills, and laundry. They also may have to cook their own meals. Their parents are not around to help with homework or even to check if it has been done. Contrary to students in high school, students in college may have a lot of free time between classes, but must discipline themselves to use this time productively for homework and other assignments. __5__‎ A．Students do not usually have to shop for their food, take time to pay bills, or even do their own laundry.‎ B．High school students have to bury themselves in piles of papers.‎ C．Finally, the work itself is not so challenging.‎ D．By contrast, in college, students often live away from home in dorms or apartments.‎ E．In college, students may apply to a bank loan and others will try to find parttime jobs.‎ F．Each new level of education brings new challenges and demands to students.‎ G．Most importantly, college requires a higher level of thinking and a lot more work than high school.‎ 语篇解读：每一个新阶段的教育都会给学生带来新的挑战和要求，本文详细介绍了大学和高中生活学习的不同之处。‎ ‎1．选F　设空处下一句中提到“Moving from high school into college”这和F项中的“Each new level of education”吻合。故选F项。‎ ‎2．选A　根据上文提到的“their parents take care of all their physical needs”可知，此处应是家长为孩子做的具体的事情，也就是孩子不需要做的事情。本段和第三段形成对比，所以也可以根据第三段中的“They may be responsible for shopping, paying bills, and laundry. They also may have to cook their own meals.”判断出A项内容与之相符。故选A项。‎ ‎3．选C　根据上文“Teachers are always around to tell the students what to do.”和下文“So students can often complete their homework and reading in a short time.”可知，此处应是描述学生的作业，而且是说作业并不是很难。这与C项(最后，作业本身并没有太大的挑战性)相符。故选C项。‎ ‎4．选D　By contrast这个短语起到了承上启下的作用，且本段和第二段是明显的对比关系，所以本段首句应和第二段的首句形成鲜明的对比，D项(与之对比，在大学，学生经常远离家，住在学生宿舍或公寓)符合语境。故选D项。‎ ‎5．选G　上文描述了在大学和在高中的区别，G项中的“college requires a higher ...than high school”是两者之间的对比，符合语境。故选G项。‎