2019版一轮复习英语译林版必修七Unit2Fitforlife单元学案设计（47页） 57页

‎2019版一轮复习英语译林版必修七Unit2 Fit for life单元学案设计 ‎ 饮食与健康之(二)——健康问题 ‎ [一积词汇见多识广]　‎ ‎[课内单词回扣]‎ ‎(一)阅读词汇写其义 ‎1．phenomenon n．现象　　　　　　2.approval n．批准，通过；赞成，同意 ‎3．symptom n．症状；征兆 4.bleed vi.流血，失血 ‎5．subscribe vi.定期订购或订阅 6.abnormal adj.不正常的，反常的 ‎7．accelerate vt.& vi.(使)加速 8.applaud vi.& vt.鼓掌；称赞 ‎9．circulate vi.& vt.循环；传播，散布；传递，传阅 ‎10．counter n．柜台；计数器；反驳 vt.反驳；抵制，抵消 ‎11．mass adj.大规模的；数量极多的 n．一团，一堆；许多；(物理)质量 ‎12．complex adj.复杂的，难懂的 n．建筑群；相关联的一组事物；情结 ‎(二)表达词汇写其形 ‎1．bestselling adj.畅销的 2.possess vt.拥有，具有 ‎3．vital adj.对……极重要的 4.potential adj.潜在的 n．潜力 ‎5．chemist n．药剂师；化学家 6.reasonable adj.合理的；明智的 ‎7．arrangement n．排列；安排；约定 8.sickness n．疾病；恶心 ‎(三)拓展词汇灵活用 ‎*1.beneficial adj.有益的，有用的→benefit n．益处 v．有益于，受益 ‎　2.effective adj.有效的；实际的，事实上的；生效的→effect n．效果，作用；影响 ‎*3.astonish vt.使十分惊讶，使吃惊→astonishment n．吃惊，惊讶→astonished adj.惊讶的→astonishing adj.令人惊讶的 ‎　4.application n．应用，运用；申请，申请表；涂抹，外敷→apply v．应用→applicant n．申请人 ‎*5.sharp adj.锋利的；急剧的；灵敏的；尖锐的，严厉的→sharpen vt.& vi.(使)变得锋利，变得清晰；使尖锐 ‎*6.addicted adj.上瘾；入迷→addict n．吸毒成瘾的人， 对……‎ 入迷的人→addiction n．瘾；嗜好→addictive adj.使人上瘾的 ‎*7.relate vt.& vi.联系，把……联系起来；叙述，讲述→related adj.有关的；相关的→relation n．联系 用上面加*号的单词的适当形式填空 ‎1．The astonishing news that he refused to accept our help made us astonished.Much to our astonishment,_he was angry at our offer.‎ ‎2．This new railway benefits this area in many ways. It is beneficial to the people living in this area. For the benefit of more people, we should build more railways.‎ ‎3．The drug is so addictive that he is addicted to it.Therefore，it's hard for him to get rid of the addiction to it.‎ ‎4．The hunter started to sharpen his knife to make it sharp.‎ ‎5．These two accidents have close relation,_and you should learn to relate them together.‎ ‎[话题单词积累]‎ ‎1．doctor /'dɔktə/ n．　　　　　医生 ‎2．physician /fi'ziʃən/ n. 医师，内科医师 ‎3．dentist /'dentist/ n. 牙医师 ‎4．surgeon /'səːdʒən/ n. 外科医师 ‎5．nurse /nəːs/ n. 护士 ‎6．hospital /'hɔspitəl/ n. 医院 ‎7．clinic /'klinik/ n. 诊所 ‎8．health /helθ/ n. 健康 ‎9．healthy /'helθi/ adj. 健康的，健全的 ‎10．patient /'peiʃənt/ n. 病员，患者 ‎11．pain /pein/ n．& v. 疼，痛 ‎12．unwell /ʌn'wel/ adj. 不适的 ‎13．affection /ə'fekʃən/ n. 感染 ‎14．disease /di'ziːz/ n. 疾病 ‎15．wound /wuːnd/ n．& v. 创伤，伤口 ‎16．injury /'indʒəri/ n. 损伤 ‎17．scar /skɑː/ n. 伤痕 ‎18．swelling /'sweliŋ/ n. 肿胀 ‎19．symptom /'simptəm/ n. 症状 ‎20．diagnosis /ˌdaiəɡ'nəusis/ n. 诊断 ‎21．case /keis/ n. 病例 ‎22．fever /'fiːvə/ n．& v. 发热 ‎23．attack /ə'tæk/ n．& v．(疾病等的)侵袭，发作 ‎24．sneeze /sniːz/ v. 打喷嚏 n. 喷嚏 ‎25．faint /'feint/ n. & v. 晕厥 ‎26．dizziness /'dizinis/ n. 眩晕 ‎27．diet /'daiət/ n. 饮食 v. 节食 ‎28．treatment /'triːtmənt/ n. 疗法 ‎29．cure /kjuə/ n. & v. 治愈 ‎30．surgery /'səːdʒəri/ n. 外科 ‎31．thermometer /θə'mɔmitə/ n. 体温计 ‎32．pill /pil/ n. 药丸 ‎33．tablet /'tæblit/ n. 药片 ‎34．aspirin /'æspərin/ n. 阿司匹林 ‎35．prescription /pris'kripʃən/ n. 处方药 ‎ [二积短语顿挫抑扬]　‎ ‎[课内短语回扣]‎ ‎(一)根据汉语写出下列短语 ‎*1.focus_on集中于　　　　2.open_up打开；开拓；开业 ‎　3.carry_out执行，实施 　4.pick_out挑选 ‎*5.look_out_for当心；留心，寻觅 *6.try_out测试，试验；参加选拔 ‎　7.mass_production批量生产 *8.wear_sb._out使筋疲力尽；使厌烦 ‎　9.be_cautious_about对……小心谨慎 　10.let_out放出，发出 ‎　11.swell_up肿胀，膨胀 *12.subscribe_to同意，赞成 ‎　13.fade_away逐渐消失 　14.in_favour_of支持；赞同 ‎　15.heart_attack心脏病发作 *16.be_addicted_to对……上瘾 ‎　17.relate_..._to_...把……与……相联系 ‎(二)用上面加*号的短语完成下列句子 ‎1．Look_out_for burglars.If you see anything suspicious, call the police immediately.‎ ‎2．Attention was focused_on what was needed to obtain the required answer.‎ ‎3．It is cruel to try_out the drug on animals because it is likely to kill them.‎ ‎4．Bessie has always subscribed_to the view that children should be given responsibility from an early age.‎ ‎5．You'll wear yourself out if you carry on working so hard.‎ ‎6．However, as far as I'm concerned, it is not wise for us to be_addicted_to playing with smartphones.‎ ‎[话题短语积累]‎ ‎1．family doctor　　　　　　　家庭医生 ‎2．take to one's bed 卧床 ‎3．feel sick 恶心 ‎4．lose consciousness 失去知觉 ‎5．get better 好转 ‎6．blood transfusion 输血 ‎7．operating theatre 手术室 ‎8．eye medicine 眼药 ‎9．cough medicine 止咳药 ‎10．pain killer 止疼药 ‎11．have a fever/(bad) cold/headache/stomachache　　　发烧/患(重)感冒/‎ 头疼/胃疼 ‎12．have the runs患痢疾，拉肚子 ‎13．bring up 呕吐 ‎14．lose weight/put on weight 减肥/增肥 ‎15．have side effects 有副作用 ‎16．allergic to some medicine 药物过敏 ‎17．have a nice shape/figure 身材很好 ‎18．work out 锻炼 ‎[三积句式写作扮靓]　‎ ‎[课内句式仿写]‎ ‎1．省略结构：if so意为“如果是这样的话”‎ ‎[例句]　Have you ever seen a doctor? If so, what happened?‎ ‎[仿写]　如果你不方便，就告知我你最合适的时间。‎ ‎(2016·全国卷Ⅲ写作佳句)‎ If_not,_let me know what time suits you best. ‎ ‎2．It is likely that ...“很可能……”‎ ‎[例句]　If you open up any medicine cupboard or go to any medicine counter in the world, it is likely that you will find aspirin and penicillin.‎ ‎[仿写]　一旦报名，你很可能会成为我们学校乒乓球队的新成员。(2017·全国卷Ⅲ高考佳句)‎ Once you sign up for it, it_is_likely_that you will be a new member of our school table tennis team.‎ ‎3．as it is 照现状，看样子；实际上，事实上 ‎[例句]　Will you need to change the information or will you use it as it is?‎ ‎[仿写]　你的中文不好是暂时的，但实际上靠着你的努力，情况正越来越好。(2017·全国卷Ⅰ写作佳句)‎ Your Chinese is poor for the moment, but as_it_is the things are getting better and better. ‎ ‎4．while作并列连词，意为“然而”，表示前后两种情况的对比 ‎[例句]　Some acupuncturists insert needles at or near the body part affected by the disease, while others select points according to the symptoms that the patient has.‎ ‎[仿写]　总之，前途是光明的，然而道路是曲折的。‎ In a word, the prospects are bright, while_the_road_has twists and turns.,[话题佳句背诵]‎ ‎1．An apple a day keeps the doctor away.‎ 每天一个苹果，疾病远离我。‎ ‎2．Radish and ginger keep away from doctor.‎ 冬吃萝卜夏吃姜，不劳医生开药方。‎ ‎3．Smoking does harm to your health. In addition/Besides, it's a waste of money.‎ 吸烟有害于你的健康。此外，还浪费钱。‎ ‎4．Health problems are closely related to bad habits.‎ 健康问题与不良的习惯密切相关。‎ ‎5．We'd better take part in more outdoor activities instead of sitting in front of TV sets or computers for a long time, which is bad for our health.‎ 我们最好多参加一些户外活动，而不要在电视、电脑前坐很长时间，这对身体有害。‎ ‎6．Early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise.‎ 早睡早起使人健康、富有又聪明。‎ ‎[四背语段语感流畅]　‎ Nowadays, more and more people wear themselves out due to their endless overtime working or their bad habits. As a matter of fact, it is health that counts. To keep healthy, we need to live a regular life. That is (to say), we can keep good hours and refrain from smoking and drinking in the daily activities. What's more, we should also work out on a regular basis to keep fit.‎ 现在，越来越多的人由于没完没了地加班或者因为不良习惯而使得自己筋疲力尽。事实上，健康才是最重要的。为了保持健康，我们生活要有规律。也就是说，在日常生活中要早睡早起，戒除烟酒。另外，我们也应该经常锻炼以保持身体健康。‎ ‎ [第一板块　重点词汇突破]　‎ ‎[师生共研词汇]‎ ‎1．possess vt.(不用于进行时)拥有；具有；支配 ‎ ‎　[教材原句]　Nearly 3,500 years ago, people chewed on leaves or drank a kind of tea made from leaves possessing a special chemical to reduce body pains and fever.‎ 将近3 500年前，人们咀嚼一种含有特殊化学物质的树叶或饮用由这种树叶制成的茶，以减轻身体疼痛或退烧。‎ ‎(1)be possessed of　　　　具有(某品质、能力等)‎ be possessed by 为……所支配 ‎(2)possession n. [C](常作复数) 所有；财产 ‎ [U]具有，拥有 in possession of 占有；拥有；持有 in sb.'s possession ＝ in the possession of sb.为某人所有；在某人的控制下 get/take/gain possession of拥有；占有　　　　‎ ‎①One should never make public property one's private possession (possess)．‎ 绝不能把公家财产占为私有。‎ ‎②The poor man was_possessed_by the desire to be rich, and couldn't control himself.‎ 这个可怜的人被致富的欲望所支配，管不住自己。‎ ‎③We have already bought the house, but we won't take_possession_of it until May.‎ 我们已经买了房子，但要到五月份才能拿到。‎ ‎[名师点津]　(1)possess不用于进行时。‎ ‎(2)in possession of表示主动，其主语通常是人，意为“占有……”；in the possession ‎ of表示被动，其主语通常是物，意为“被/为……所占有”。‎ ‎2．vital adj.对……极重要的，必不可少的 ‎ ‎　[教材原句]　Not only has aspirin proved vital for reducing fever and helping stop pain, but there are also other things that aspirin can help with.‎ 阿司匹林不仅被证明对于退烧、止痛必不可少，而且还有其他用途。‎ be vital for/to sth.　　　　对……极为重要 It is vital that ... ……是极重要的 It is vital to do sth. 做某事很重要 ‎①Good financial accounts are vital to the success of any enterprise.‎ 妥善的财务账目对任何公司的成功都是极其重要的。‎ ‎②It is vital that we (should)_act (act) to stop the destruction of the rainforests.‎ 至关紧要的是，我们应当采取行动制止破坏雨林。‎ ‎[名师点津]　在句型“It is vital/important that ...”中，从句谓语动词要用虚拟语气，即“should＋动词原形”，should可以省略。‎ ‎3．potential n．可能性，潜在性；潜力，潜能 adj.潜在的，可能的 ‎ ‎　[教材原句]　Lawrence Craven, a doctor from the USA,‎ ‎ introduced the idea in 1953 that aspirin had the potential to reduce the risk of heart attacks, because it helped the blood circulate better.‎ 美国医生劳伦斯·克雷文在1953年提出一个观点，即阿司匹林可能有助于降低心脏病发作的风险，因为它能改善血液循环。‎ ‎(1)have the potential to do sth.　　有做某事的潜力 achieve one's (full) potential (充分)发挥潜力 ‎(2)the potential danger 潜在的危险 ‎①Their research showed that even ordinary people have_the_potential_to be great by challenging themselves.‎ 他们的调查显示，即使是普通人，只要勇于挑战自我，也能爆发出惊人的潜力。‎ ‎②The school strives to treat students as individuals and to help each one to achieve_their_full_potential.‎ 学校力图因材施教，并帮助每位学生发挥他们的全部潜能。‎ ‎③All we can do is find the_potential_danger and try to decrease it. ‎ 我们所能做的是找到这些潜在的危险，并设法减少这种危险。‎ ‎4．astonish vt.使十分惊讶，使吃惊 ‎[教材原句]　It astonished him to see the bacteria surrounding the mould dead, which meant that the mould had killed them.‎ 令他十分惊讶的是，他发现这种霉周围的细菌都死了，这意味着这种霉杀死了它们。‎ ‎(1)It astonishes sb. that ...　令某人感到吃惊的是……‎ What astonishes sb. is ... 使某人吃惊的是……‎ ‎(2)astonished adj. 吃惊的(多修饰人)‎ be astonished at/by ... 对……感到惊讶 be astonished to do sth. 做某事感到惊讶 be astonished that ... 对……感到惊讶 astonishing adj. 令人吃惊的(多修饰物)‎ ‎(3)astonishment n. 惊讶，吃惊 to one's astonishment 让某人感到惊讶的是 in astonishment 惊讶地 ‎①It_astonished_me_that he made such rapid progress.‎ 他进步如此之快让我很吃惊。‎ ‎②What_astonished_me was that you failed in the exam.‎ 让我惊讶的是你竟然考试不及格。‎ ‎③He is_astonished_to_see how his hometown has changed in the past 10 years.‎ 家乡过去十年的变化使他感到惊奇。‎ ‎④It is astonishing (astonish) to me that he should be absent.‎ 他竟然会缺席，这使我很惊讶。‎ ‎5．relate vt.& vi.联系，把……联系起来；叙述，讲述 ‎ ‎　[教材原句]　Another theory relates acupuncture to the production of chemicals in the body which reduce pain.‎ 另一种理论则将针灸和人体内减少疼痛的化学物质的生成联系起来。‎ ‎(1)relate ... to ...　　把……和……联系在一起 relate sth. to sb. 向某人叙述/讲述某事 relate to ... 和……有关联；和……合得来 ‎(2)related adj. 相关的；有(亲属)关系的 be related to ... 和……有关的；和……有联系的 ‎(3)relation n. 关系 in/with relation to 关于；与……相比 ‎①If you love gardening, do something related (relate) to that.‎ 如果你喜欢园艺，就做一些和这个相关的。‎ ‎②I don't see any relation (relate) between the two problems.‎ 我看不出这两个问题间的联系。‎ ‎③Tiredness is directly related to (＝in_direct_relation_to) a driver's response.‎ 疲劳和司机的反应时间密切相关。 ‎ ‎[自主练通词汇]‎ ‎1．sharp adj.锋利的；急剧的；灵敏的；尖锐的，严厉的 adv.整(指时刻) ‎ ‎　写出句中sharp的含义 ‎①Italy has witnessed a sharp increase in immigration in recent years.(2017·6月浙江高考阅读)急剧的 ‎②The lecture started at three o'clock sharp.整(指时刻)‎ ‎③It was very sharp of you to have noticed that.灵敏的 ‎④We need a sharp knife to cut the beefsteak.锋利的 ‎⑤In the face of sharp criticisms the young scientist still stuck to his opinion.尖锐的，严厉的 ‎2．addicted adj.上瘾；入迷 ‎ ‎　单句语法填空 ‎①More and more people in the world are becoming addicted to the Internet.‎ ‎②The young generation should addict themselves (they) to science.‎ ‎③He is turning into an internet addict.‎ ‎[词汇过关练]‎ Ⅰ.单句语法填空 ‎1．He found that everything he had dreamed of was in his possession (possess)．‎ ‎2．In such situations, it is vital to_understand (understand) what we have learned.‎ ‎3．To my astonishment, the little boy was so impolite.‎ ‎4．Clearly this is a potentially (potential) dangerous situation.‎ ‎5．The local government has taken some effective (effect) measures to prevent the pollution.‎ ‎6．My pencil is blunt, could you lend me a knife to sharpen (sharp) it?‎ ‎7．The warning sign was put there for the benefit of the public.‎ ‎8．Anyone with heart, lung, or circulation (circulate) problems should seek medical advice before flying.‎ Ⅱ.单句改错 ‎1．I approve your trying to make some money, but please don't neglect your studies.approve后加of ‎2．They threatened to shoot him and robbed him of all his possession. possession→possessions ‎ ‎3．All the articles are requested to be related with the students' life.with→to ‎ ‎4．Modern farming methods can have an adverse effect of environment.of→on ‎5．Addicting to computer games, her son had no patience to answer her questions.Addicting→Addicted ‎6．A relaxing holiday is thought to be benefit to his health and mind. benefit→beneficial ‎7．It is absolutely vital that food supplies is maintained.第二个is→be ‎8．He was astonished learn that he'd won the competition.learn前加to Ⅲ.单句写作(补全句子/一句多译)‎ ‎1．课上提出的那些问题极其重要。‎ The questions put forward in class are_of_vital_importance.‎ ‎2．我们很吃惊地发现，会议仍在进行中。‎ We were_astonished_to_find the meeting was still under discussion.‎ ‎3．有规律的运动有益于健康。‎ Regular exercise is_beneficial_to the health.‎ ‎4．我们已采取有效措施保护动物。‎ We have taken_effective_measures to preserve animals.‎ ‎5．他们的对手在比赛的大部分时间里控制着球。‎ ‎①Their opponents were in_possession_of_the_ball for most of the match.(in possession of)‎ ‎②The ball was in_the_possession_of_their_opponents for most of ‎ the match.(in the possession of)‎ ‎6．她不想让自己沉迷于愚蠢的电视节目中。‎ ‎①She didn't want to be_addicted_to_stupid_TV_programmes.(addicted to)‎ ‎②She didn't want to addict_herself_to_stupid_TV_programmes.(addict oneself to)‎ ‎7．他除了与自己相关的事外其他任何事都毫不关心。‎ ‎①He has concern for nothing except what relates_to_himself.(relate to)‎ ‎②He has concern for nothing except what is_related_to_himself.(be related to)‎ ‎③He has concern for nothing except what is in/with_relation_to_himself.(in/with relation to)‎ ‎[第二板块　短语、句式突破]　‎ ‎1．try out 测试，试验；参加选拔 ‎ ‎　[教材原句]　Fleming tried this mould out on another bacterium and found that it killed the bacterium too.‎ 弗莱明将这种霉用在另外一种细菌上做试验，发现它同样杀死了那种细菌。 ‎ try out for　　　　参加……选拔(或试演)‎ try for 试图获得，力争赢得 try (sth.) on 试穿(衣物)‎ ‎①The basketball player wanted to try_out_for NBA.‎ 这个篮球运动员想参加NBA的选拔。‎ ‎②The clerk held out a dress for Martha to try_on.‎ 店员拿出一件衣服给马莎试穿。‎ ‎2．wear sb. out 使筋疲力尽；使厌烦 ‎ ‎　[教材原句]　Today I feel worn out.‎ 今天我感到很疲惫。‎ ‎(1)wear (sth.) out　　　穿破；用坏 wear (sth.) away (因重复使用而)磨损，侵蚀 wear down (通过不断攻击或施加压力)使衰弱，使意志薄弱 ‎(2)worn adj. 用坏的；用旧的；筋疲力尽的 be worn out (人)精疲力竭；(物)破烂不堪 ‎①He said he wore_out two pairs of shoes last year.‎ 他说去年他穿坏了两双鞋。‎ ‎②With five children all around her all day long, the mother felt worn_out.‎ 身边整天围着五个孩子，这位母亲感到疲惫不堪。‎ ‎③Constant dropping wears_away a stone.‎ 滴水穿石。‎ ‎3．let out 放出，释放；发出(声音)；放大(衣服)；泄露 ‎ ‎　[教材原句]　... and a needle like a small sword, used for letting liquid out of body parts which had swollen up.‎ ‎……像小剑一样的针，用于让液体从肿胀部位流出。‎ ‎[一词多义]　写出句中let out的含义 ‎①People let out thunderous cheers when Tiangong1 successfully blasted off.发出 ‎②The waist in the pants needs to be let out.放大 ‎③Who let out the exam results? They were supposed to be confidential until tomorrow.泄露 ‎④With remission (减刑) for good behaviour, he could be let out in three years.释放 let alone 　　　　更不必说 let ... alone 不干涉；听之任之 let go 放手，放开 let sb. down 使某人失望 let sth. down 放下某物 let sb./sth. in 让某人进入；让(光线、空气、水等)进入 ‎⑤You must be joking！I can't afford to pay my bills, let_alone_buy a new car.‎ 你一定是开玩笑吧！我都付不起账单了，更别说买辆新车了。‎ ‎4．subscribe to 同意，赞成；订阅；捐赠 ‎ ‎　[教材原句]　A lot of people now subscribe to these theories.‎ 现在很多人认同这些理论。‎ ‎[一词多义]　写出句中subscribe to的含义 ‎①All scientists subscribe to the view that the increase in the earth's temperature is due to the burning of fossil fuels.同意，赞成 ‎②Rich and generous, he subscribed two million dollars to the Red Cross.捐赠 ‎③If you subscribe to the newspaper, it'll be delivered to your door.订阅 ‎[熟词生义]　读句子猜词义 ‎④I subscribed my name to the document.签(名)‎ ‎5．Have you ever seen a doctor? If_so,_what happened?‎ 你曾经看过医生吗？如果看过的话，发生了什么事？ ‎ ‎　if so是省略结构，意为“如果这样的话”。so代替表示肯定意义的句子；if not“如果不是这样”，not代替表示否定意义的句子。‎ if的省略结构主要有：‎ if any　　　　　如果真有的话；即使有(任何)……‎ if ever 若曾经有的话 if necessary 如有必要 if possible 如有可能 if anything 如果有……的话 ‎①Our plans are quite flexible, so we can change them if_necessary.‎ 我们的计划很灵活，如有必要可以变动。‎ ‎②He is ready to help others, seldom, if_ever,_refusing them when they turn to him.‎ 他非常乐意帮助别人，当别人求助于他的时候，他即使曾有过，也是很少会拒绝他们。‎ ‎③If you've finished we can have a coffee. If_not,_you'd better keep working. ‎ 你要是完事了，咱们可以喝杯咖啡；要是没完的话你最好接着干下去。‎ ‎6．Some acupuncturists insert needles at or near the body part affected by the disease, while others select points according to the symptoms that the patient has.‎ 一些针灸医师在疾病感染的身体患病处或在患病处附近扎针，而另外一些则根据病人的病症选择扎针的位置。 ‎ ‎　本句是一个并列句，while是并列连词，意为“然而”，表示前后两种情况的对比。while还有以下用法：‎ ‎(1)引导让步状语从句，多位于句首，意为“尽管”；‎ ‎(2)引导时间状语从句，意为“当……的时候”；‎ ‎(3)引导条件状语从句，意为“只要”。‎ ‎①I was never very neat, while my roommate Kate was extremely organized. ‎ 我从来不是一个很爱整洁的人，而我的舍友凯特却极有条理。‎ ‎②While (＝Though/Although) the students came from different countries, they got along quite well in the summer camp.‎ 尽管学生们来自不同的国家，可是他们在夏令营相处得很好。‎ ‎③While there is life, there is hope.‎ 只要活着就有希望。‎ ‎[短语、句式过关练]‎ Ⅰ.选词填空 try out，be cautious about， focus on， pick out， carry out， subscribe to， open up， let out ‎ ‎1．Some people subscribe_to as many as two or three different ‎ newspapers every year. ‎ ‎2．Oxygen is let_out through the leaves and roots of the plants.‎ ‎3．All the important sentences in the article were picked_out in red lines.‎ ‎4．They opened_up large areas of wasteland and turned them into farmland.‎ ‎5．The talks will focus_on economic development of the region.‎ ‎6．All these experiments are carried_out with practical rather than scientific aims in view.‎ ‎7．The method seems good but it needs to be tried_out.‎ ‎8．Doctors are_cautious_about this new treatment, which is understandable.‎ Ⅱ.补全句子 ‎1．太多的家务有时使我很烦。‎ Too much housework sometimes wears_me_out.‎ ‎2．杰克不同意“人之初，性本善”这种看法。‎ Jack doesn't_subscribe_to the belief that people are basically good.‎ ‎3．他今年发胖了也长高了，因此他的妈妈需要把他的上衣和裤子放大加长。‎ He becomes fatter and taller this year, so his mother needs to let_out_his_coat_and_trousers.‎ ‎4．他们认为她可能来电话，要是这样的话，就得有人守在这儿。‎ They think she may try to phone. If_so,_someone must stay here.‎ ‎5．为了帮助他们开拓新的市场，你有何具体计划？‎ Do you have any particular plan to help them to open_up_new_market?‎ Ⅲ.一句多译 ‎1．如果可能的话，尝试每天都在同一时间睡觉和起床。‎ ‎①If_possible,_try to go to bed and wake up at the same time every day. (用状语从句的省略)‎ ‎②If_it_is_possible,_try to go to bed and wake up at the same time every day.(用状语从句)‎ ‎2．虽然到目前为止都是好消息，但是可能过几天就有坏消息了。‎ ‎①While_the_news_has_been_good so far, there may be days ahead when it is bad.(while)‎ ‎②Although_the_news_has_been_good so far, there may be days ahead when it is bad.(although)‎ ‎③Though_the_news_has_been_good so far, there may be days ahead when it is bad.(though)‎ ‎④As_has_the_news_been_good so far, there may be days ahead when it is bad.(as)‎ 提能一　用课文词汇写高分作文 possess， apply， potential， astonish， beneficial， approval， try out， masses of ‎ ‎1．补全要点句(“黑体”部分选用上面方框中的单词或短语)‎ ‎①一个有着很好的网球技艺的男孩申请加入网球俱乐部。‎ A boy who possesses good tennis technique applied_to join the tennis club.‎ ‎②有些俱乐部成员看不起他，试着和他打过比赛但都失败了。‎ Some members looked down upon him and tried_out_to_play_a_game_with_him but they all failed.‎ ‎③俱乐部所有成员都对这个很有潜力的男孩感到大为惊讶。‎ All the members of the club were_astonished_by_the_potential_boy.‎ ‎④在经过对男孩大量有益的训练之后，他展现了他的天赋。‎ After masses_of_beneficial_exercises,_he showed his talent.‎ ‎⑤观众对他完美的表现表示赞许。‎ The audience showed_their_approval for his perfect performance.‎ ‎2．升级平淡句 ‎(1)对句②进行一句多译 ‎＝‎ While_some_members_looked_down_upon_him_and_tried_out_to_play a_game with_him, they_all_failed.(while)‎ ‎＝Although some members looked down upon him and tried out to play a game with him, they all failed.(although)‎ ‎＝Though some members looked down upon him and tried out to play a game with him, they all failed.(though)‎ ‎(2)用复合句改写句④‎ After masses of exercises, which were beneficial to the boy, he showed his talent.‎ ‎3．衔接成语篇(注意使用适当的过渡衔接词汇：at first, as a result, then)‎ A boy who possesses good tennis technique applied to join the tennis club. At first, some members looked down upon him and tried out to play a game with him but they all failed. As a result, all the members of the club were astonished by the potential boy. Then after masses of exercises, which were beneficial to the boy, he showed his talent. The audience showed their approval for his perfect performance.‎ 提能二　用课文句型解构高考长难句　[本单元突破点——that引导的同位语从句]‎ 经典例句 比较分析 真题尝试翻译 Lawrence Craven, a doctor from the USA, introduced ‎ the 课文长难句 the idea in 1953 that aspirin had the potential to reduce the risk of heart attacks, because it helped the blood circulate better. ‎ ‎ idea后接一个由that引导的同位语从句，说明the idea的内容，两者被时间状语in 1953隔开。‎ 经理提出了一个建议，我们应该有一个助手。工作太多了。‎ 真题长难句 The manager put forward a suggestion that we should have an assistant. There is too much work to do.(2016·天津高考)‎ a suggestion 后面是由 that 引导的同位语从句，说明建议的具体内容。‎ ‎ “药品介绍”是“饮食与健康”的子话题。世界上最宝贵的是生命，而生命要由健康来保证。拥有健康，才能拥有希望、拥有一切。因此，科学家也为更好的战胜疾病研制、研发各种新药。顺应时代潮流，高考中也对此类话题有所考查。但涉及的专业术语较多，难度系数较大。‎ 一、话题与语篇 ‎[考题示例]　　　　　　　　　　(2017·北京高考阅读C)‎ ‎[1]Measles (麻疹), which once killed 450 children each year and disabled even more, was nearly wiped out in the United States 14 years ago by the universal use of the MMR vaccine (疫苗). But the disease is ‎ making a comeback, caused by a growing antivaccine movement and misinformation that is spreading quickly. Already this year, 115 measles cases have been reported in the USA, compared with 189 for all of last year.‎ ‎[2]The numbers might sound small, but they are the leading edge of a dangerous trend. When vaccination rates are very high, as they still are in the nation as a whole, everyone is protected. This is called “herd immunity”， which protects the people who get hurt easily, including those who can't be vaccinated for medical reasons, babies too young to get vaccinated and people on whom the vaccine doesn't work.‎ ‎[3]But herd immunity works only when nearly the whole herd joins in. When some refuse vaccination and seek a free ride, immunity breaks down and everyone is in even bigger danger.‎ ‎[4]That's exactly what is happening in small neighborhoods around the country from Orange County, California, where 22 measles cases were reported this month, to Brooklyn, N. Y．， where a 17yearold caused an outbreak last year.‎ ‎[5]The resistance to vaccine has continued for decades, and it is driven by a real but very small risk. Those who refuse to take that risk selfishly make others suffer.‎ ‎[6]Making things worse are state laws that make it too easy to opt out (决定不参加) of what are supposed to be required vaccines for all children entering kindergarten. Seventeen states allow parents ‎ to get an exemption (豁免), sometimes just by signing a paper saying they personally object to a vaccine.‎ ‎[7]Now, several states are moving to tighten laws by adding new regulations for opting out. But no one does enough to limit exemptions.‎ ‎[8]Parents ought to be able to opt out only for limited medical or religious reasons. But personal opinions? Not good enough. Everyone enjoys the lifesaving benefits vaccines provide, but they'll exist only as long as everyone shares in the risks.‎ ‎63．The first two paragraphs suggest that ________.‎ A．a small number of measles cases can start a dangerous trend B．the outbreak of measles attracts the public attention C．antivaccine movement has its medical reasons D．information about measles spreads quickly ‎64．Herd immunity works well when ________.‎ A．exemptions are allowed B．several vaccines are used together C．the whole neighborhood is involved in D．new regulations are added to the state laws ‎65．What is the main reason for the comeback of measles?‎ A．The overuse of vaccine.‎ B．The lack of medical care.‎ C．The features of measles itself.‎ D．The vaccine optouts of some people.‎ ‎66．What is the purpose of the passage?‎ A．To introduce the idea of exemption.‎ B．To discuss methods to cure measles.‎ C．To stress the importance of vaccination.‎ D．To appeal for equal rights in medical treatment.‎ ‎[策略指导]　‎ ‎(一)这样读文 第1步：宏观把握文章大意 分层 抓关键句 概括层意 行文结构 第1段 第1段画波浪线部分 麻疹病毒卷土重来 引入话题 第2～6段 第2～6段画波浪线部分 不接种疫苗的危害，美国的麻疹爆发 分析危害 第7段 第7段画波浪线部分 一些州采取的措施 相应措施 第8段 第8段画波浪线部分 接种疫苗的重要性 点明主题 第2步：微观突破理解障碍 ‎[尝试翻译]　把事情弄得更糟的是各州法律，它们很容易让本应该被要求接种疫苗的上幼儿园的所有儿童不参加疫苗接种。‎ ‎(二)这样做题 ‎[名师解题]‎ ‎63．推理判断题。选A　根据前两段的内容，尤其是第二段中的“The numbers might sound small, but they are the leading edge of a dangerous trend.”可知，少量的麻疹病例却能引发危险的形势。‎ ‎64．细节理解题。选C　根据第三段中的“But herd immunity works only when nearly the whole herd joins in.”可知，只有在大家都参加疫苗接种的情况下群体免疫力才有作用。‎ ‎65．细节理解题。选D　根据全文内容，尤其是第一段和第六段中的“Making things worse are state laws that make it too easy to opt out (决定不参加) of what are supposed to be required vaccines for all children entering kindergarten.”‎ 可知，麻疹死灰复燃的主要原因是有些人拒绝疫苗接种。‎ ‎66．写作目的题。选C　根据最后一段中的“Everyone enjoys the lifesaving benefits vaccines provide, but they'll exist only as long as everyone shares in the risks.”并结合文中所述的麻疹疾病死灰复燃的事实可知，本文的目的是强调麻疹疫苗接种的重要性。‎ ‎[阅读理解系列技法 15]　归纳不同文章，巧解文章写作目的题 不同的文章可能有不同的写作目的， 但写作目的通常有三种：第一种娱乐读者，让人发笑(to entertain readers)，常见于故事类的文章；第二种说服读者接受某种观点(to persuade readers)，常见于广告类的文章；第三种告知读者某些信息(to inform readers)，常见于科普类、新闻报道类、文化类或社会类的文章。‎ 归纳文章的写作目的依赖于对文章主题的正确把握，阅读时有必要找准文章的主题句，或较好地对主题加以归纳。例如第66题，根据最后一段的最后一句并结合文中所述的麻疹疾病死灰复燃的事实可知，本文的目的是强调麻疹疫苗接种的重要性。‎ ‎(三)这样积累 ‎1．trend n．　　　　　　　趋势 ‎2．regulation n. 法规 ‎3．wipe out 彻底摧毁 ‎4．compared with 与……相比 ‎5．object to 反对 ‎6．be supposed to 应该 二、话题与写作 ‎[考题示例]　　　　　　　　　　(2015·广东高考)‎ 你接受了一项写作任务，为英语校报写一篇科技报道。‎ ‎[写作内容]‎ 请根据以下信息，介绍国外医疗行业出现的一项新技术，内容包括：‎ 技术名称：DNA检测 检测方法：唾液样本分析 检测费用：125英镑 检测时长：4到6周 检测用途：1.预测重大疾病 ‎2．预知食物偏好 ‎3．提示合适的锻炼方式 检测影响：1.增强健康意识 ‎2．易引起过度焦虑 ‎*唾液样本：saliva sample ‎[写作要求]‎ 只能用5个句子表达全部内容。‎ ‎[评分标准]‎ 句子结构准确，信息内容完整，篇章结构连贯。‎ ‎[写作规范]　‎ 第一步：写对词汇不丢冤枉分 ‎1．国外医疗行业　　　　in_the_foreign_medical_field ‎2．被称作DNA检测的项目 a_project_called_DNA_Test ‎3．取得较大进步 make_great_progress ‎4．依赖于 depend_on ‎5．预测重大疾病 predict_some_major_and_‎ severe_diseases ‎6．饮食偏好 preference_for_diet ‎7．提醒某人某事 remind_sb._of_...‎ ‎8．当谈到…… when_it_comes_to__...‎ ‎9．增强……的意识 enhance_the_sense_of_...‎ 第二步：列全要点，写对句子保基本分 ‎1．国外医疗行业出现了一项新的研究技术。‎ A_new_study_appeared_in_the_foreign_medical_field.‎ ‎2．研究人员完成了一项叫作DNA检测的项目。‎ Researchers_completed_a_project_called_DNA_Test.‎ ‎3．研究人员取得了较大的研究进步。‎ Researchers__have_made_great_progress_in_the_study.‎ ‎4．研究依赖于对一个人唾液的分析。‎ The_study_depends_on_analyzing_a_person's_saliva_sample.‎ ‎5．如果你想检测，需花费125英镑，检测时长为4到6周。‎ If_you_would_like_to_have_a_try,_you_will_have_to_spend_125_pounds_and_the_analysis_will_be_completed_in_4_to_6_weeks.‎ ‎6．检测结果将有助于预知重大疾病，预知食物偏好和提示合适的锻炼方式。‎ The_result_will_help_to_predict_some_major_and_severe_diseases_and_your_preference_for_diet_and_remind_you_of_suitable_ways_to_exercise.‎ ‎7．至于检测影响方面，它会有助于你增强健康意识，但它易引起过度焦虑。‎ When_it_comes_to_the_effect,_it_will_help_you_to_enhance_the_sense_of_keeping_fit_but_it_may_cause_you_to_be_overly_anxious.‎ 第三步：句式升级，打造亮点得高分 ‎1．将句1、2用where引导的定语从句合并 A_new_study_appeared_in_the_foreign_medical_field_where_researchers_completed_a_project_called_DNA_Test.‎ ‎2．将句3、4用which引导的定语从句合并 Researchers_have_made_great_progress_in_the_study_which_depends_on_analyzing_a_person's_saliva_sample.‎ 第四步：过渡衔接，润色成文创满分 A new study appeared in the foreign medical field where researchers completed a project called DNA Test.Researchers have made great progress in the study which depends on analyzing a person's saliva sample.If you would like to have a try, you will have to spend 125 pounds and the analysis will be completed in 4 to 6 weeks.The result will help to predict some major and severe diseases and your preference for diet and remind you of suitable ways to exercise.When it comes to the effect, it will help you to enhance the sense of keeping fit but it may cause you to be overly anxious.‎ ‎ ‎[语言基础扎根练]‎ Ⅰ.单词拼写/用所给词的适当形式填空 ‎1．It is vital (重要的) to get the victim to the doctor or hospital at once. ‎ ‎2．Up till now, we have received 400 applications (申请) for the job. The graduates are eager to work in our company.‎ ‎3．If you feel the medicine is an effective (有效的) cure for your headache, go on taking it.‎ ‎4．It is said that surgeons (外科医生) got the highest pay.‎ ‎5．When I say that the sideeffect of the drug is not obvious, it doesn't mean that there is no potential (潜在的) risk.‎ ‎6．The patient seems a bit abnormal (反常) today. Keep close watch on him.‎ ‎7．These theories are used to confirm the relationship between the phenomena (现象) of the universe.‎ ‎8．In order to catch up with and surpass the advanced world levels we'll have to accelerate (加快) our speed. ‎ ‎9．Tiredness is one of the most common symptoms (症状) of stress.‎ ‎10．I knew very well that the problem was more complex (复杂的) than he supposed.‎ ‎11．Sunshine, fresh air, and rest often accelerate a person's recovery from sickness (sick)．‎ ‎12．It is not how much we do but how much love we put into what we do that benefits (beneficial) our work most. ‎ ‎13．She said that the ring was one of her most treasured possessions (possess)．‎ ‎14．Blood must circulate (circulation) properly in the head to supply the fresh oxygen the brain cells need.‎ ‎15．You must take all reasonable (reason) measures to protect yourself and your family. ‎ Ⅱ.单句改错 ‎1．I think every designer has the potential influence the strategy of their product.influence前加to ‎2．Some students, who are addicted to play computer games, do not go to school at all.play→playing ‎3．Interest rates have fallen sharp over the last few weeks.sharp→sharply ‎4．After his uncle died, Jack was in the possession of all the belongings.去掉第一个the ‎5．He was staring at her with an astonishing look on his face.astonishing→astonished ‎6．I hope your experience working in the countryside will be beneficial for you.for→to ‎7．As is known to all, the mass are often the makers of history.mass→masses ‎8．The matter relating to your fate can't be taken for granted. You have to think it over seriously.relating→related Ⅲ.补全句子 ‎1．那帽子是六号的吗？如果是，对我正合适。‎ Is that a size 6 hat? If_so,_it will do me.‎ ‎2．他们小组很可能会赶到我们的前面。‎ It_is_likely_that their group will get ahead of us.‎ ‎3．我爱喝清咖啡，而他喜欢加奶油的。‎ I drink black coffee while he prefers it with cream.‎ ‎4．使我们惊讶的是，端午节竟被韩国申报为他们的世界文化遗产之一。‎ To_our_astonishment,_the Dragon Boat Festival has been declared by Korea one of their world heritages.‎ ‎5．作为老师，我们应该鼓励每一个学生充分发挥他们的潜能。‎ As teachers, we should encourage every student to achieve_their_full_potential.‎ ‎[话题语篇高考练]‎ Ⅳ.阅读理解 A LIPITOR ABOUT LIPITOR Lipitor is a prescription medicine. Along with diet and exercise, it lowers “bad” cholesterol (胆固醇) in your blood. It can also raise “good” cholesterol.‎ Lipitor can lower the risk of heart attack in patients with several common risk factors, including family history of early heart disease, high blood pressure, age and smoking.‎ WHO IS LIPITOR FOR?‎ Who can take LIPITOR：‎ ‎·People who cannot lower their cholesterol enough with diet and exercise.‎ ‎·Adults and children over 10.‎ Who should NOT take LIPITOR：‎ ‎·Women who are pregnant, may be pregnant, or may become pregnant. Lipitor may harm your unborn baby.‎ ‎·Women who are breastfeeding. Lipitor can pass into your breast milk and may harm your baby.‎ ‎·People with liver problems.‎ POSSIBLE SIDE EFFECTS OF LIPITOR Serious side effects in a small number of people：‎ Muscle problems that can lead to kidney problems, including kidney failure.‎ Liver problems. Your doctor may do blood tests to check your liver before you start Lipitor and while you are taking it.‎ Call your doctor right away if you have：‎ ‎·Unexplained muscle pain or weakness, especially if you have a fever or feel very tired.‎ ‎·Swelling of the face, lips, tongue, or throat that may cause difficulty in breathing or swallowing.‎ ‎·Stomach pain.‎ Some common side effects of LIPITOR are：‎ ‎·Muscle pain.‎ ‎·Upset stomach.‎ ‎·Changes in some blood tests.‎ HOW TO TAKE LIPITOR Do：‎ ‎·Take Lipitor as prescribed by your doctor.‎ ‎·Try to eat hearthealthy foods while you take Lipitor.‎ ‎·Take Lipitor at any time of day, with or without food.‎ ‎·If you miss a dose (一剂), take it as soon as you remember. But if it has been more than 12 hours since you missed a dose, wait, take the next dose at your regular time.‎ Don't ‎·Do not change or stop your dose before talking to your doctor.‎ ‎·Do not start new medicine before talking to your doctor.‎ 语篇解读：本文介绍了立普妥这种药品的服用说明，包括适用人群、禁用人群、可能的副作用、如何处理副作用、怎样服用等相关信息。‎ ‎1．What is the major function of Lipitor?‎ A．To help quit smoking.‎ B．To lower “bad” cholesterol.‎ C．To improve unhealthy diet.‎ D．To control blood pressure.‎ 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据ABOUT LIPITOR中的“Along with diet and exercise, it lowers ‘bad’ cholesterol (胆固醇) in your blood.”可知，本句中的it指代Lipitor，它可以降低血液中的有害胆固醇。故选B项。‎ ‎2．If it has been over 12 hours since you missed a dose, you should ________.‎ A．change the amount of your next dose B．eat more when taking your next dose C．have a dose as soon as you remember D．take the next dose at your regular time 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据HOW TO TAKE LIPITOR部分中的“But if it has been more than 12 hours since you missed a dose, wait, take the next dose at your regular time.”可知，如果你错过服药12小时，等着在固定时间服用下一剂。故选D项。‎ ‎3．What is the main purpose of the passage?‎ A．To teach patients ways for quick recovery.‎ B．To present a report on a scientific research.‎ C．To show the importance of a good lifestyle.‎ D．To give information about a kind of medicine.‎ 解析：选D　写作意图题。本文介绍了立普妥这种药品的适用人群、禁用人群、可能的副作用、如何处理副作用、怎样服用等相关信息，因此，本文的意图就是介绍一种药的相关信息。故选D项。‎ B ‎(2018·浙江省名校联考)This time last year I entered two longdistance massparticipation swimming events, including the Jubilee River 10 km swim. At the last minute, just before both swims, I decided to pull out. The reality is, I live in fear of coming last.‎ Last year, before the two events, I realized that I couldn't deal with coming last. I had looked at the swim times of those who had completed the previous year and calculated that, at my current swim pace, I would probably have come last in both. I just couldn't face it. But when next year came around, I decided to enter those same events again.‎ For a few months, I trained hard, but I didn't get any faster. Then it was June 5, the day of the Jubilee River 10 km. The event started at 9：30 a．m., and the swimmers were anxious and eager to start. As I swam along, the river was quiet and clean and everything was peaceful. The sun shone. Meadows (草地) rolled by and every now and then someone would wave at the scene unfolding in the water.‎ As the day wore on, somehow I didn't mind that, predictably, almost everyone was ahead. There were at least some swimmers still near me, and although we shared the same river we quietly occupied our own spaces. As I concentrated on doing my own thing, watching the sky, the bank, the other swimming caps passing or not passing, I realized I was ‎ enjoying myself.‎ In the end, four hours and 29 minutes after I'd started, I staggered (摇摇晃晃地走) out of the water and was greeted with a smile and a “well done” from the race organizer. I glanced back over my shoulder toward the water and noticed that there were a small handful of swimmers who were still to finish, behind me, out of a field of around 300 swimmers. But it didn't matter. I_was_just_relieved,_proud_and_happy_to_finish.‎ As I drove away, my thoughts turned to my next long race of the season and how much I was looking forward to it, my fears of coming last gently receding (渐渐远去)．‎ ‎4．The author intended to quit swimming mainly because ______.‎ A．she feared that she couldn't finish the two races B．she was afraid that she would let family members down C．she was unwilling to accept the possibility of finishing last D．she wasn't fully prepared for the two races 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句可知，作者放弃比赛是因为害怕自己是最后一名。故选C项(她不愿接受成为最后一名的可能性)。‎ ‎5．The author hopes to convey the message that ________.‎ A．never give up when facing challenges B．it is process that matters most C．failure is the mother of success D．winners always take it all 解析：选B　推理判断题。根据倒数第三段最后一句可知，在游泳的过程中，当作者关注自己的事情时，无论别人游得快慢，作者都不介意，并且意识到自己乐在其中。所以作者想要传达给我们的信息是：过程最重要。故选B项。‎ ‎6．What does the underlined sentence mean in Paragraph 5?‎ A．She took pride in leaving all the other swimmers behind.‎ B．She was proud that she was not the last one in the race.‎ C．She was glad to finish the race and had a sense of relief.‎ D．She was proud to be praised by the organizer.‎ 解析：选C　句意理解题。根据画线前一句“But it didn't matter.”可知，relieved意为“减轻的；缓和的”，这和C项中的a sense of relief(解脱感)意思相符；proud and happy to finish在句中作伴随状语。该句意为“我只是松了一口气，为自己完成比赛感到骄傲和快乐”。故选C项。‎ ‎7．It can be inferred from the end that the author is likely to ________.‎ A．participate in another race without any hesitation B．analyze the reason why she failed in the race C．lose confidence completely D．decide whether she is suitable for the race 解析：选A　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“my thoughts turned to my next long race of the season and how much I was looking forward to it”可知，作者期望着参加下一次比赛，故选A项(毫不犹豫地参加另一次比赛)。‎ Ⅴ.完形填空 ‎(2018·皖西北联考)When I was young, my household consisted of my mother and my grandmother. My mother took a(n) __1__ role in my upbringing, causing my grandmother to raise me primarily. I __2__ her to severe pneumonia (肺炎) when I was 10. My mother tried to continue my grandmother's __3__， which, however, began to fall short. My mother did not work and __4__ most days leaving me to my own actions.‎ We applied for financial assistance and we were __5__ surviving. With my mother's withdrawal from life, little financial skills and poor organization, I did not have food, clothes, or __6__. After an investigation by child services, I was __7__ in foster care (寄养家庭)．‎ Prior to placement in foster care, I had volunteered at the local hospital to gain hospital __8__， since I had wanted to be a doctor. After the foster care, I felt alone and destitute (穷困的). I saw no __9__ of obtaining such a grand educational journey.‎ My mother passed away when I was 23, leaving me with no close family. I struggled with the __10__ in my life and felt alone, but ‎ continued on and was married at the age of 24. My daughter was born and I __11__ myself to strive (奋斗) higher in life. I __12__ and applied for a better job, which would double my salary — I was accepted!‎ My life was again __13__ due to divorce and a layoff at 27 years old. For my daughter, I decided to __14__ my dream. Succeed or not, at least I tried.‎ I began at the local community college and was then able to __15__ to a 4year college for a degree in Biology. I __16__ myself and did not let anything distract (转移) me from my goal.‎ I am now a practicing physician and __17__ not be happier. I am close with my daughter. I continue my __18__ to advanced leadership positions. I continue to be __19__ by those I meet who have gone through much worse than I and have achieved success.‎ We can all __20__ so much in our lives. I hope this story provides you with hope.‎ 语篇解读：任何苦难，如果将你杀死，那便是苦难；如果没能将你杀死，那就是财富。任何你忍受过的苦难都是财富。‎ ‎1．A.passive　　　　　　　　 B．active C．central D．major 解析：选A　根据下文的“causing my grandmother to raise me primarily”可知，主要是外婆带“我”，母亲在“我”的成长过程中所扮演的角色非常被动(passive)。故选A项。active意为“主动的；积极的”；central意为“中央的；中心的”；major意为“主要的；重要的”。‎ ‎2．A.introduced B．exposed C．lost D．reduced 解析：选C　句意：在我10岁的时候外婆就因患上急性肺炎去世了。lose意为“失去；丧失”；introduce意为“介绍；引进”；expose意为“使暴露；使遭受；使受……的影响”；reduce意为“减少；减轻；使沦为；使简化为”。故C项符合语境。‎ ‎3．A.dreams B．efforts C．careers D．lessons 解析：选B　句意：母亲试图接下外婆的角色来努力养育我，然而却和外婆差得远。effort意为“努力”；dream意为“梦想”；career意为“事业；职业；生涯”；lesson意为“课程；功课；经验；教训”。故选B项。‎ ‎4．A.retired B．withdrew C．starved D．panicked 解析：选B　根据下文的“With my mother's withdrawal from life”可知，她不去工作，也不管“我”，大部分时间让“我”想做什么就做什么。withdraw意为“撤退；撤离；退出”；retire意为“退休；退役”；starve意为“挨饿；饿死”；panic意为“使恐慌；使惊慌失措”。‎ ‎5．A.well B．comfortably C．easily D．barely 解析：选D　根据下文的“I did not have food, clothes”可知，“‎ 我们”申请了财政援助，勉强能够生存。barely意为“勉强；刚刚；仅仅；几乎不”；well意为“好；非常”；comfortably意为“舒服地；轻松地”；easily意为“简单地；容易地”。‎ ‎6．A.discipline B．reputation C．ambitions D．privileges 解析：选A　句意：母亲从我的生活淡出，而我也不具备任何挣钱的技能，收容机构的条件也很差，所以我吃不饱也穿不暖，更没有约束。discipline意为“纪律；训练；自制力”；reputation意为“名声；声誉”；ambition意为“雄心；抱负”；privilege意为“荣幸；特权”。故选A项。‎ ‎7．A.locked B．placed C．prejudiced D．abused 解析：选B　根据下文的“Prior to placement in foster care”可知，在儿童服务机构调查以后，“我”被寄养。被安置(placed)在寄养家庭即“被寄养”，故选B项。lock意为“锁上；锁住”；prejudice意为“使有偏见；危害；损害”；abuse意为“滥用；虐待；辱骂”。‎ ‎8．A.assistance B．reward C．license D．experience 解析：选D　根据下文的“since I had wanted to be a doctor”可知，在被领养之前，“我”在当地的一家医院做志愿者以积累医院服务的经验，因为“我”想成为一名医生。experience意为“经验；经历”；assistance意为“帮助；援助”；reward意为“奖励；奖赏”‎ ‎；license意为“执照；许可证”。‎ ‎9．A.risk B．challenge C．hope D．end 解析：选C　句意：寄养生涯结束后，我感到孤独与贫困，想到求学路的漫长和花销，我感到非常无望。hope意为“希望”；risk意为“风险”；challenge意为“挑战”；end意为“结束”。故选C项。‎ ‎10．A.purpose B．gap C．disease D．plan 解析：选B　句意：我23岁那年母亲去世，我一个亲人都没有了。与人生的缺憾斗争着，我感到孤独，但是生活依然继续，24岁那年我结婚了。gap意为“空白；间隔；缺口”；purpose意为“目的；目标”；disease意为“疾病”；plan意为“计划”。故选B项。‎ ‎11．A.induced B．forbade C．trusted D．promised 解析：选D　句意：我的女儿出生了，我暗自许诺(promise)要过更好的生活。故选D项。induce意为“引诱；引起”；forbid意为“禁止；不准”；trust意为“信任；信赖”。‎ ‎12．A.made a fortune B．made a point C．took a turn D．took a chance 解析：选D　句意：我碰运气申请了一个更好的工作，工资翻倍，而且被录用了！take a chance意为“冒险；碰运气”；make a ‎ fortune意为“赚钱；发财”；make a point意为“重视；强调；特别注意”；take a turn意为“转变；变化”。根据语境可知选D项。‎ ‎13．A.changed B．saved C．improved D．controlled 解析：选A　句意：27岁那年我的人生又发生了改变(changed)，我离婚还失业了。故选A项。save意为“拯救；节省；保留”；improve意为“提高；改善”；control意为“控制；管理；支配；操纵”。‎ ‎14．A.abandon B．chase C．shape D．ignore 解析：选B　句意：为了我的女儿，我决定去追求(chase)我的梦想。不管成败与否，最起码我尝试过。故选B项。abandon意为“抛弃；放弃”；shape意为“决定；塑造”；ignore意为“忽视；忽略”。‎ ‎15．A.transfer B．appeal C．cater D．submit 解析：选A　句意：我开始在当地的社区大学学习，然后能够转入四年制的大学去获得生物专业学位。transfer意为“转移；调动；转让；转学”；appeal意为“吸引；使感兴趣；呼吁；上诉”；cater意为“满足；迎合”；submit意为“顺从；服从”。故选A项。‎ ‎16．A.conducted B．behaved C．committed D．explained 解析：‎ 选C　句意：我全心投入来达到自己的目标，不让任何事情去分散我的注意力。commit意为“致力于；忠于；保证”；conduct意为“组织；实施；举止；表现”；behave意为“表现；守规矩；举止得体”；explain意为“解释；说明”。故选C项。‎ ‎17．A.would B．should C．might D．could 解析：选D　句意：现在我是一名职业医师，再开心不过了。can't be＋比较级为固定用法，意为“再没有比……更”，强调“最”的概念。could意为“能够”；would意为“将要”；should意为“应该”；might意为“可能”。故D项最符合语境。‎ ‎18．A.journey B．contribution C．approach D．opposition 解析：选A　句意：我继续着我的通往高级领导岗位的历程(journey)。故选A项。contribution意为“贡献；捐款”；approach意为“靠近；方法；途径”；opposition意为“反对；不赞成”。‎ ‎19．A.attracted B．sponsored C．inspired D．suspected 解析：选C　句意：那些与我相比经历更多人世悲苦并获得成功的人的故事总是激励(inspire)着我。故选C项。attract意为“吸引”；sponsor意为“资助；赞助”；suspect意为“怀疑；猜想”。‎ ‎20．A.donate B．obtain C．experience D．reflect 解析：选B　句意：生活教会我们这么多。我希望我的故事能给你带去希望。obtain意为“得到；获得”；donate意为“捐赠；捐献”；experience意为“经历；体验”；reflect意为“反映；体现”。故选B项。‎ Ⅵ.短文改错 Dear Bob，‎ I'm sorry to tell you that I cannot go to the bookstore with you on this Sunday, because something unlucky happened to me in the PE class yesterday.‎ I was playing basketball with my friends while I jumped highly to catch the ball. Another student struck me on a leg accidentally, that made me break my leg. The situation made everyone nervous. However, I was sent to the nearest hospital as soon as possible. The doctor suggested that I rested until next Friday. I hope the change will not cause you too much troubles.‎ Shall I go next Saturday morning? We can set out early so that we'll have more time read and select books.‎ Yours，‎ Li Hua 答案：第一句：去掉on 第二句：while→when; highly→high 第三句：a→the; that→which 第五句：However→Therefore 第六句：rested→rest 第七句：troubles→trouble 第八句：I→we 第九句：time后加to